Particle dispersion in stably stratified open channel flow
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1 Particle dispersion in stably stratified open channel flow Salvatore Lovecchio, Francesco Zonta, Alfredo Soldati Università degli Studi di Udine Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Gestionale e Meccanica
2 Motivation Environmental applications Dispersion of drifters or floaters Motion of phytoplankton Settling of organic and inorganic matter
3 Outline of the Presentation Physical Problem and Modelling Approach Part 1: Neutrally-buoyant flow 1.1 Characterization of surface turbulence 1.2 Clustering of particles at the surface Part 2: Stably stratified turbulence 2.1 Behaviour of temperature and flow field at surface 2.3 Particle segregation Conclusions and future developments
4 Physical Problem/Modelling Approach: Neutrally-buoyant turbulence Free-slip wall No-slip wall 3D turbulent water flow field at shear Reynolds number: Reτ= 171, 509 Channel size: Lx x Ly x Lz = 4 π h x 2 π h x 2h Pseudo-spectral DNS: Fourier modes (1D FFT) in the homogeneous directions (x and y), Chebyschev coefficients in the wall-normal direction (z) Time intergration: Adams-Bashforth (convective terms), Crank-Nicolson (viscous terms)
5 Physical Problem/Modelling Approach: Neutrally-buoyant turbulence
6 Particles segregation y+ y + x+ x+ 2D 2D
7 3. Surface cluster renewal Clustering is intermittent y+ 2D x Upwellings Intermittency is due to near-bottom turbulence
8 3. Correlation Dimension Fractal dimension of cluster Particles distributed uniformly over surface: uniformly into a line: Generally:
9 3. Correlation Dimension Fractal dimension of cluster
10 Physical Problem/Modelling Approach: Stably-stratified turbulence Constant heat flux Adiabatic wall
11 Temperature field Thermocline (barrier) Upwellings do not reach the surface!
12 Turbulent temperature statistics Mean Temperature Mean streamwise velocity Thermocline: Potential barrier due to density distribution
13 Surface dynamics Higher correlation Surface divergence Surface temperature Lower correlation
14 Lagrangian Particle Tracking Surface divergence Surface temperature
15 Lagrangian Particle Tracking Surface divergence Surface temperature
16 Lagrangian Particle Tracking For stratified flows, Particles do not follow Carefully the flow field No intense Upwelling events at the surface (thermocline)
17 Lagrangian Particle Tracking VORONOI ANALYSIS
18 4. Conclusion and Future Developments DNS of turbulent open channel flow at Re =171 (and Re =509) and for different stratification levels (Ri) was performed Flow at the surface was characterized by the 2D divergence In neutrally-buoyant flow, particles tend to cluster into filaments following the dynamics of source and sink induced by upwellings and downwellings. In stably stratified turbulence particles seems to sample more homogeneously the surface: upwelling/downwelling events do not easily reach the surface (thermocline)
19 Thank you for your kind attention
20 1. Flow at surface Komori et al. : [...] Large fraction of the Near-wall burtsting events result in surface renewal events [...] JFM (1989) Streamwise energy spectrum of the streamwise velocity
21 1. Flow at surface Komori et al. : [...] Large fraction of the Near-wall burtsting events result in surface renewal events [...] JFM (1989) Streamwise energy spectrum of the spanwise velocity
22 3. Cluster renewal Flow time scale Lagrangian time scale: (Long) Time Persistency Of surface Structures!!
23 3. Surface cluster renewal Clustering is intermittent y+ 2D x+ Upwellings Intermittency is due to near-bottom turbulence
24 Lagrangian Particle Tracking
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