The problem of transition from school to university mathematics Student Survey E. Krause, F. Wetter, C. Nguyen Phuong (2015)
|
|
- Lawrence Price
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Demographic Data: Please answer the following questions. 1. Sex: Male Female 2. Age (years): 3. Semester at university: 4. In which country / state, or in which provinces did you go to school? 5. What type of secondary school did you attend? (Please describe.) 6. Did you attend basic or intensive mathematics courses at high school? 7. Indicate which lectures and/or seminars in the study of mathematics that you have had: Analysis I Linear Algebra Elements of Analysis Didactics of Analysis Didactics of Geometry Computer Programming Analysis II Stochastics Elements of Algebra Didactics of Algebra Didactics of Stochastics History/Philos. of Math Page 1
2 Please indicate lectures and/or seminars that you have taken, but that are not included in the list above: 8. Why do you want to be a mathematics teacher? Perceptions of Mathematics: Please answer the following questions completely. Give an example, if it helps you to answer the question. 1. What is mathematics? 2. What do you like most about mathematics? (e.g., in your studies, while learning of mathematics) Please explain your answer. 3. What do you dislike most about mathematics? (e.g., in your studies, while learning of mathematics) Please explain your answer. 4. What is your favorite subject (or field) in mathematics? Please explain your answer. Page 2
3 5. Why do you think should people deal with mathematics? Please explain your answer. 6. Are there any differences between school and university mathematics? If so, identify them and explain your answer. 7. Are there any similarities between school and university mathematics? If so, identify them and explain your answer. 8. Please explain what charactarizes mathematics within the area of analysis. Content Questions: Please answer the following questions completely. 1. When is a mathematical statement true? 2. The Pythagorean theorem states: Let a, b, c be the sides of a triangle with the side c (where the hypotenuse is always opposite the 90 angle, which is formed by a and b), then the square on c is equal to the sum of the squares on a and b. What does the term theorem mean? Explain why the above statement is a theorem. 3. How do conjectures (such as the conjecture about twin primes Goldbach s Page 3
4 conjecture) differ from theorems? Explain your answer. 4. Is it possible that both of the following mathematical statements in the context of mathematics can be true? Justify your answer. (i) The sum of the interior angles in a triangle is 180. (ii) The sum of the interior angles in a triangle is greater than Explane the following therms and their role in mathematics: - Definition - - Axiom (or Postulate) - - Conjecture - - Theorem - 6. What constitutes a proof in mathematics? Page 4
5 7. What is the function of proofs in mathematics? Below three arguments for the proposition The sum of the interior angles in a triangle is 180 are given. Argument I: Let ABC be a triangle, and let one side of it, BC, be produced to D. Draw CE parallel to AB. Since AB CE and AC has fallen upon them, the alternate angles BAC and ACE are equal. Also, since AB CE and BD has fallen upon them, the exterior angle ECD is equal to the interior and opposite angle, ABC. It follows that the exterior angle ACD is equal to the sum of two interior and opposite angles (in triangle ABC), BAC and ABC: ACD = CAB + ABC. Add on both sides ACB. On the left we get two right angles; on the right, the sum of the angles in triangle ABC. Fig. a Argument II: Draw any triangle. Tear or cut off each angle (Fig. a). Arrange the angles so that the angles vertices meet at a point (Fig. b). Since the three angles form a straight line, the sum of the measures is 180. Argument III: Given triangle ABC, draw auxiliary line DE through B and parallel to side AC. DBE is a straight angle and measures 180. By angle addition, = DBE. Since alternate interior angles have the same measure, 1 = A and 3 = C. Finally, by substitution, A C = 180. Page 5
6 8. Indicate the argument that you think is the best. Justify your choice. 9. Indicate which argument that is the most convincing for you. Justify your choice. 10. Would you describe one or more of the arguments as a mathematical proof? (If so, indicate your choices.) Justify your answer. Page 6
7 Agree Somewhat Agree Neutral Somewhat Disagree Disagree Mathematics in My View 1. Mathematics is a collection of methods and rules, which precisely determine the solution of a task. 2. Mathematics is a logical, indisputable thought process with clear, precisely defined ideas and unequivocal, provable statements. 3. Almost any mathematical problem can be solved through the direct application of familiar rules, formulas, and methods. 4. Mathematics requires new and sudden ideas. 5. Doing mathematics demands a lot of practice in following and applying calculation routines and schemes. 6. Mathematics particularly requires formal, logical derivation and one s capacity to abstract and formalise. 7. Doing mathematics means: understanding facts, realising relationships and having ideas. 8. Mathematics is the memorising and application of definitions, formulas, mathematical facts, and methods. 9. Central aspects of mathematics are flawless formalism and formal logic. 10. Above all, mathematics requires intuition as well as thinking and arguing, both relating to contents. 11. Doing mathematics requires extensive practice in correctly following rules and laws. 12. Mathematics originates from setting axioms or definitions, then, by deducing theorems according to formal logic. 13. Clarity, exactness, and unambiguity are characteristics of mathematics. 14. Mathematical tasks and problems can be solved in various ways. 15. Any person can invent and re-invent mathematics. 16. Mathematics is of general, fundamental use to society. 17. Only a few things learned from mathematics can be employed later in life. 18. Mathematics helps to solve daily tasks and problems. 19. With regard to application and its capacity to solve problems mathematics is of considerable relevance to society. 20. Mathematics is a game free of purpose. It is occupying oneself with objects without any solid relevance to reality. Page 7
Honors 213 / Math 300. Second Hour Exam. Name
Honors 213 / Math 300 Second Hour Exam Name Monday, March 6, 2006 95 points (will be adjusted to 100 pts in the gradebook) Page 1 I. Some definitions (5 points each). Give formal definitions of the following:
More informationLesson 13: Angle Sum of a Triangle
Lesson 13: Angle Sum of a Triangle Classwork Concept Development 1 + 2 + 3 = 4 + 5 + 6 = 7 + 8 + 9 = 180 Note that the sum of angles 7 and 9 must equal 90 because of the known right angle in the right
More information35 Chapter CHAPTER 4: Mathematical Proof
35 Chapter 4 35 CHAPTER 4: Mathematical Proof Faith is different from proof; the one is human, the other is a gift of God. Justus ex fide vivit. It is this faith that God Himself puts into the heart. 21
More informationlists at least 2 factors from 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 20, 40 factors/multiples P1 Continues process eg. gives a set of numbers whose sum is greater
1 6.66 B1 cao 2 0.4375 B1 cao 3 27 or 64 B1 cao 4 7.3225 M1 for 5.5225 or 1.8 5 ⅔ B1 oe 6 eg. 1, 2, 18 P1 Starts process eg. Lists at least 2 multiples from 9,18,27,36,45 or lists at least 2 factors from
More informationP1-763.PDF Why Proofs?
P1-763.PDF Why Proofs? During the Iron Age men finally started questioning mathematics which eventually lead to the creating of proofs. People wanted to know how and why is math true, rather than just
More informationMath 5 Trigonometry Fair Game for Chapter 1 Test Show all work for credit. Write all responses on separate paper.
Math 5 Trigonometry Fair Game for Chapter 1 Test Show all work for credit. Write all responses on separate paper. 12. What angle has the same measure as its complement? How do you know? 12. What is the
More informationTransversals. What is a proof? A proof is logical argument in which each statement you make is backed up by a statement that is accepted true.
Chapter 2: Angles, Parallel Lines and Transversals Lesson 2.1: Writing a Proof Getting Ready: Your math teacher asked you to solve the equation: 4x 3 = 2x + 25. What is a proof? A proof is logical argument
More informationCMA Geometry Unit 1 Introduction Week 2 Notes
CMA Geometry Unit 1 Introduction Week 2 Notes Assignment: 9. Defined Terms: Definitions betweenness of points collinear points coplanar points space bisector of a segment length of a segment line segment
More informationMathematics 2260H Geometry I: Euclidean geometry Trent University, Winter 2012 Quiz Solutions
Mathematics 2260H Geometry I: Euclidean geometry Trent University, Winter 2012 Quiz Solutions Quiz #1. Tuesday, 17 January, 2012. [10 minutes] 1. Given a line segment AB, use (some of) Postulates I V,
More informationSuggested problems - solutions
Suggested problems - solutions Parallel lines Material for this section references College Geometry: A Discovery Approach, 2/e, David C. Kay, Addison Wesley, 2001. In particular, see section 4.1, pp 219-223.
More informationPROOFS IN MATHEMATICS
Appendix 1 PROOFS IN MATHEMATICS Proofs are to Mathematics what calligraphy is to poetry. Mathematical works do consist of proofs just as poems do consist of characters. VLADIMIR ARNOLD A.1.1 Introduction
More informationMath Number 842 Professor R. Roybal MATH History of Mathematics 24th October, Project 1 - Proofs
Math Number 842 Professor R. Roybal MATH 331 - History of Mathematics 24th October, 2017 Project 1 - Proofs Mathematical proofs are an important concept that was integral to the development of modern mathematics.
More information1. Introduction to commutative rings and fields
1. Introduction to commutative rings and fields Very informally speaking, a commutative ring is a set in which we can add, subtract and multiply elements so that the usual laws hold. A field is a commutative
More information1. Use what you know about congruent triangles to write a paragraph proof to justify that the opposite sides in the diagram are parallel.
Flow Chart and Paragraph Proofs SUGGESTED LEARNING STRATEGIES: Marking the Text, Prewriting, Self/Peer Revision, You know how to write two-column and paragraph proofs. In this activity you will use your
More informationOctober 16, Geometry, the Common Core, and Proof. John T. Baldwin, Andreas Mueller. The motivating problem. Euclidean Axioms and Diagrams
October 16, 2012 Outline 1 2 3 4 5 Agenda 1 G-C0-1 Context. 2 Activity: Divide a line into n pieces -with string; via construction 3 Reflection activity (geometry/ proof/definition/ common core) 4 mini-lecture
More informationChapter. Triangles. Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3 Triangles Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 3.5 Inequalities in a Triangle Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Inequalities in a Triangle Important inequality relationships
More informationNeutral Geometry. October 25, c 2009 Charles Delman
Neutral Geometry October 25, 2009 c 2009 Charles Delman Taking Stock: where we have been; where we are going Set Theory & Logic Terms of Geometry: points, lines, incidence, betweenness, congruence. Incidence
More information7 th Grade Math Scope and Sequence Student Outcomes (Objectives Skills/Verbs)
own discovery of the Big BIG IDEA: How are different types of numbers used to represent real life situations? Why is it necessary to have different types of numbers for different situations? Pg 762 1-4(no
More information1 FUNDAMENTALS OF LOGIC NO.1 WHAT IS LOGIC Tatsuya Hagino hagino@sfc.keio.ac.jp lecture URL https://vu5.sfc.keio.ac.jp/slide/ 2 Course Summary What is the correct deduction? Since A, therefore B. It is
More informationGCSE: Congruent Triangles Dr J Frost
GCSE: Congruent Triangles Dr J Frost (jfrost@tiffin.kingston.sch.uk) www.drfrostmaths.com GCSE Revision Pack Refs: 169, 170 Understand and use SSS, SAS, and conditions to prove the congruence of triangles
More informationHawai`i Post-Secondary Math Survey -- Content Items
Hawai`i Post-Secondary Math Survey -- Content Items Section I: Number sense and numerical operations -- Several numerical operations skills are listed below. Please rank each on a scale from 1 (not essential)
More informationACTIVITY 15 Continued Lesson 15-2
Continued PLAN Pacing: 1 class period Chunking the Lesson Examples A, B Try These A B #1 2 Example C Lesson Practice TEACH Bell-Ringer Activity Read the introduction with students and remind them of the
More informationThe Pythagorean Theorem & Special Right Triangles
Theorem 7.1 Chapter 7: Right Triangles & Trigonometry Sections 1 4 Name Geometry Notes The Pythagorean Theorem & Special Right Triangles We are all familiar with the Pythagorean Theorem and now we ve explored
More informationFoundation Unit 6 topic test
Name: Foundation Unit 6 topic test Date: Time: 45 minutes Total marks available: 39 Total marks achieved: Questions Q1. The diagram shows a rectangle, a parallelogram and a triangle. (a) Mark with arrows
More informationthat if a b (mod m) and c d (mod m), then ac bd (mod m) soyou aren't allowed to use this fact!) A5. (a) Show that a perfect square must leave a remain
PUTNAM PROBLEM SOLVING SEMINAR WEEK 2 The Rules. You are not allowed to try a problem that you already know how to solve. These are way too many problems to consider. Just pick a few problems in one of
More information1. Introduction to commutative rings and fields
1. Introduction to commutative rings and fields Very informally speaking, a commutative ring is a set in which we can add, subtract and multiply elements so that the usual laws hold. A field is a commutative
More informationEssential Question How can you cube a binomial? Work with a partner. Find each product. Show your steps. = (x + 1) Multiply second power.
4.2 Adding, Subtracting, and Multiplying Polynomials COMMON CORE Learning Standards HSA-APR.A.1 HSA-APR.C.4 HSA-APR.C.5 Essential Question How can you cube a binomial? Cubing Binomials Work with a partner.
More informationDefinitions, Axioms, Postulates, Propositions, and Theorems from Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries by Marvin Jay Greenberg ( )
Definitions, Axioms, Postulates, Propositions, and Theorems from Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries by Marvin Jay Greenberg (2005-02-16) Logic Rules (Greenberg): Logic Rule 1 Allowable justifications.
More informationDISCOVERING GEOMETRY Over 6000 years ago, geometry consisted primarily of practical rules for measuring land and for
Name Period GEOMETRY Chapter One BASICS OF GEOMETRY Geometry, like much of mathematics and science, developed when people began recognizing and describing patterns. In this course, you will study many
More informationMath 103 Finite Math with a Special Emphasis on Math & Art by Lun-Yi Tsai, Spring 2010, University of Miami
Math 103 Finite Math with a Special Emphasis on Math & rt by Lun-Yi Tsai, Spring 2010, University of Miami 1 Geometry notes 1.1 ngles and Parallel Lines efinition 1.1. We defined the complement of an acute
More informationMaths home based learning
Maths home based learning Name: Maths Group: Date Given: HAND IN DATE: No excuses as a copy is available on the school s website http://ripleyacademy.org/index.php/curriculum/25-curriculum/69-mathsks4
More informationEnd of Course Review
End of Course Review Geometry AIR Test Mar 14 3:07 PM Test blueprint with important areas: Congruence and Proof 33 39% Transformations, triangles (including ASA, SAS, SSS and CPCTC), proofs, coordinate/algebraic
More informationtriangles in neutral geometry three theorems of measurement
lesson 10 triangles in neutral geometry three theorems of measurement 112 lesson 10 in this lesson we are going to take our newly created measurement systems, our rulers and our protractors, and see what
More information3.2. Parallel Lines and Transversals
. Parallel Lines and Transversals Essential Question When two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, which of the resulting pairs of angles are congruent? Exploring Parallel Lines Work with a partner.
More informationThe University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION COURSE II. Wednesday, August 16, :30 to 11:30 a.m.
The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION THREE-YEAR SEQUENCE FOR HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS COURSE II Wednesday, August 16, 000 8:30 to 11:30 a.m., only Notice... Scientific
More information3.2. Parallel Lines and Transversals
. Parallel Lines and Transversals COMMON CORE Learning Standard HSG-CO.C.9 Essential Question When two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, which of the resulting pairs of angles are congruent? Work
More informationParallel Lines, Transversals, and Angle Relationships
Module 2: Part 2 Congruence Parallel Lines, Transversals, and Angle Relationships parallel lines tranversal line vertical angles alternate interior angles alternate exterior angles consecutive interior
More information11. Prove that the Missing Strip Plane is an. 12. Prove the above proposition.
10 Pasch Geometries Definition (Pasch s Postulate (PP)) A metric geometry satisfies Pasch s Postulate (PP) if for any line l, any triangle ABC, and any point D l such that A D B, then either l AC or l
More informationMAC-CPTM Situations Project
Prompt MAC-CPTM Situations Project Situation 51: Proof by Mathematical Induction Prepared at the University of Georgia Center for Proficiency in Teaching Mathematics 13 October 2006-Erik Tillema 22 February
More informationNAME: Mathematics 133, Fall 2013, Examination 3
NAME: Mathematics 133, Fall 2013, Examination 3 INSTRUCTIONS: Work all questions, and unless indicated otherwise give reasons for your answers. If the problem does not explicitly state that the underlying
More informationEuclid Geometry And Non-Euclid Geometry. Have you ever asked yourself why is it that if you walk to a specific place from
Hu1 Haotian Hu Dr. Boman Math 475W 9 November 2016 Euclid Geometry And Non-Euclid Geometry Have you ever asked yourself why is it that if you walk to a specific place from somewhere, you will always find
More informationDr Prya Mathew SJCE Mysore
1 2 3 The word Mathematics derived from two Greek words Manthanein means learning Techne means an art or technique So Mathematics means the art of learning related to disciplines or faculties disciplines
More informationExample ( x.(p(x) Q(x))) ( x.p(x) x.q(x)) premise. 2. ( x.(p(x) Q(x))) -elim, 1 3. ( x.p(x) x.q(x)) -elim, x. P(x) x.
Announcements CS311H: Discrete Mathematics More Logic Intro to Proof Techniques Homework due next lecture Instructor: Işıl Dillig Instructor: Işıl Dillig, CS311H: Discrete Mathematics More Logic Intro
More informationGrade 8 Mathematics Performance Level Descriptors
Limited A student performing at the Limited Level demonstrates a minimal command of Ohio s Learning Standards for Grade 8 Mathematics. A student at this level has an emerging ability to formulate and reason
More informationChapter 2 Preliminaries
Chapter 2 Preliminaries Where there is matter, there is geometry. Johannes Kepler (1571 1630) 2.1 Logic 2.1.1 Basic Concepts of Logic Let us consider A to be a non-empty set of mathematical objects. One
More informationLecture 3: Probability
Lecture 3: Probability 28th of October 2015 Lecture 3: Probability 28th of October 2015 1 / 36 Summary of previous lecture Define chance experiment, sample space and event Introduce the concept of the
More informationLesson 13: Angle Sum of a Triangle
Student Outcomes Students know the angle sum theorem for triangles; the sum of the interior angles of a triangle is always 180. Students present informal arguments to draw conclusions about the angle sum
More informationMATHE 4800C FOUNDATIONS OF ALGEBRA AND GEOMETRY CLASS NOTES FALL 2011
MATHE 4800C FOUNDATIONS OF ALGEBRA AND GEOMETRY CLASS NOTES FALL 2011 MATTHEW AUTH, LECTURER OF MATHEMATICS 1. Foundations of Euclidean Geometry (Week 1) During the first weeks of the semester we will
More information5.5 Special Rights. A Solidify Understanding Task
SECONDARY MATH III // MODULE 5 MODELING WITH GEOMETRY 5.5 In previous courses you have studied the Pythagorean theorem and right triangle trigonometry. Both of these mathematical tools are useful when
More informationof Nebraska - Lincoln
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln MAT Exam Expository Papers Math in the Middle Institute Partnership 7-007 Pythagorean Triples Diane Swartzlander University
More information2. If two isosceles triangles have congruent vertex angles, then the triangles must be A. congruent B. right C. equilateral D.
1. If two angles of a triangle measure 56 and 68, the triangle is A. scalene B. isosceles C. obtuse D. right 2. If two isosceles triangles have congruent vertex angles, then the triangles must be A. congruent
More informationPart 1: You are given the following system of two equations: x + 2y = 16 3x 4y = 2
Solving Systems of Equations Algebraically Teacher Notes Comment: As students solve equations throughout this task, have them continue to explain each step using properties of operations or properties
More informationGeometry Problem Solving Drill 08: Congruent Triangles
Geometry Problem Solving Drill 08: Congruent Triangles Question No. 1 of 10 Question 1. The following triangles are congruent. What is the value of x? Question #01 (A) 13.33 (B) 10 (C) 31 (D) 18 You set
More informationFoundations of Neutral Geometry
C H A P T E R 12 Foundations of Neutral Geometry The play is independent of the pages on which it is printed, and pure geometries are independent of lecture rooms, or of any other detail of the physical
More informationSection 2-1. Chapter 2. Make Conjectures. Example 1. Reasoning and Proof. Inductive Reasoning and Conjecture
Chapter 2 Reasoning and Proof Section 2-1 Inductive Reasoning and Conjecture Make Conjectures Inductive reasoning - reasoning that uses a number of specific examples to arrive at a conclusion Conjecture
More informationQ1: Lesson 6 Parallel Lines Handouts Page 1
6.1 Warmup Per ate Instructions: Justify each statement using your Vocab/Theorems ook. If!! =!! and!! = 50, then!! = 50. P F S If!" is rotated 180 around point F, then!"!" If!!"# +!!"# = 180, then!"# is
More information2-1. Inductive Reasoning and Conjecture. Lesson 2-1. What You ll Learn. Active Vocabulary
2-1 Inductive Reasoning and Conjecture What You ll Learn Scan Lesson 2-1. List two headings you would use to make an outline of this lesson. 1. Active Vocabulary 2. New Vocabulary Fill in each blank with
More informationObjectives. Cabri Jr. Tools
^Åíáîáíó=R püçêíéëí=aáëí~ååé _ÉíïÉÉå=mçáåíë ~åç=iáåéë Objectives To investigate the shortest distance between two points To investigate the shortest distance between a line and a point To investigate the
More informationDirect Proof and Counterexample I:Introduction
Direct Proof and Counterexample I:Introduction Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Goal Importance of proof Building up logic thinking and reasoning reading/using definition interpreting :
More informationEuclidean Geometry Proofs
Euclidean Geometry Proofs History Thales (600 BC) First to turn geometry into a logical discipline. Described as the first Greek philosopher and the father of geometry as a deductive study. Relied on rational
More informationDistance in the Plane
Distance in the Plane The absolute value function is defined as { x if x 0; and x = x if x < 0. If the number a is positive or zero, then a = a. If a is negative, then a is the number you d get by erasing
More informationexample can be used to refute a conjecture, it cannot be used to prove one is always true.] propositions or conjectures
Task Model 1 Task Expectations: The student is asked to give an example that refutes a proposition or conjecture; or DOK Level 2 The student is asked to give an example that supports a proposition or conjecture.
More informationDirect Proof and Counterexample I:Introduction. Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Direct Proof and Counterexample I:Introduction Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Goal Importance of proof Building up logic thinking and reasoning reading/using definition interpreting statement:
More informationJANE LONG ACADEMY HIGH SCHOOL MATH SUMMER PREVIEW PACKET SCHOOL YEAR. Geometry
JANE LONG ACADEMY HIGH SCHOOL MATH SUMMER PREVIEW PACKET 2015-2016 SCHOOL YEAR Geometry STUDENT NAME: THE PARTS BELOW WILL BE COMPLETED ON THE FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL: DUE DATE: MATH TEACHER: PERIOD: Algebra
More informationDefinitions, Axioms, Postulates, Propositions, and Theorems from Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries by Marvin Jay Greenberg
Definitions, Axioms, Postulates, Propositions, and Theorems from Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries by Marvin Jay Greenberg Undefined Terms: Point, Line, Incident, Between, Congruent. Incidence Axioms:
More informationMATH GRADE 8 PLD Standard Below Proficient Approaching Proficient Proficient Highly Proficient
MATH GRADE 8 PLD Standard Below Proficient Approaching Proficient Proficient Highly Proficient The Level 1 student is below proficient The Level 2 student is approaching The Level 3 student is proficient
More informationTHE FIVE GROUPS OF AXIOMS.
2 THE FIVE GROUPS OF AXIOMS. 1. THE ELEMENTS OF GEOMETRY AND THE FIVE GROUPS OF AXIOMS. Let us consider three distinct systems of things. The things composing the first system, we will call points and
More informationIf you are given: 12 = 3(x 9)
Name [PACKET 2.2: INTRO TO PROOFS] 1 A, is a convincing argument that uses deductive reasoning. Every statement you make must be justified with a valid property. The following properties will be super
More informationWhat can you prove by induction?
MEI CONFERENCE 013 What can you prove by induction? Martyn Parker M.J.Parker@keele.ac.uk Contents Contents iii 1 Splitting Coins.................................................. 1 Convex Polygons................................................
More informationUnit 1: Introduction to Proof
Unit 1: Introduction to Proof Prove geometric theorems both formally and informally using a variety of methods. G.CO.9 Prove and apply theorems about lines and angles. Theorems include but are not restricted
More informationMath Project 1 We haven t always been a world where proof based mathematics existed and in fact, the
336 Math Project 1 We haven t always been a world where proof based mathematics existed and in fact, the 1 use of proofs emerged in ancient Greek mathematics sometime around 300 BC. It was essentially
More information0609ge. Geometry Regents Exam AB DE, A D, and B E.
0609ge 1 Juliann plans on drawing ABC, where the measure of A can range from 50 to 60 and the measure of B can range from 90 to 100. Given these conditions, what is the correct range of measures possible
More informationLogic, Proof, Axiom Systems
Logic, Proof, Axiom Systems MA 341 Topics in Geometry Lecture 03 29-Aug-2011 MA 341 001 2 Rules of Reasoning A tautology is a sentence which is true no matter what the truth value of its constituent parts.
More informationGeometry/Trigonometry Unit 2: Parallel Lines Notes Period:
Geometry/Trigonometry Unit 2: Parallel Lines Notes Name: Date: Period: # (1) Pg 108 109 #1-10 all (2) Pg 108 109 #12-22 Even and 30, 32 (3) Pg 114 #1-6; 9-13 (4) Pg 114-115 #15-18; 20; 22; 24; 26; 29 and
More informationPrompt. Commentary. Mathematical Foci
Situation 51: Proof by Mathematical Induction Prepared at the University of Georgia Center for Proficiency in Teaching Mathematics 9/15/06-Erik Tillema 2/22/07-Jeremy Kilpatrick Prompt A teacher of a calculus
More informationFORMAL PROOFS DONU ARAPURA
FORMAL PROOFS DONU ARAPURA This is a supplement for M385 on formal proofs in propositional logic. Rather than following the presentation of Rubin, I want to use a slightly different set of rules which
More information22m:033 Notes: 6.1 Inner Product, Length and Orthogonality
m:033 Notes: 6. Inner Product, Length and Orthogonality Dennis Roseman University of Iowa Iowa City, IA http://www.math.uiowa.edu/ roseman April, 00 The inner product Arithmetic is based on addition and
More information7.5 Proportionality Relationships
www.ck12.org Chapter 7. Similarity 7.5 Proportionality Relationships Learning Objectives Identify proportional segments when two sides of a triangle are cut by a segment parallel to the third side. Extend
More informationMath 300 Introduction to Mathematical Reasoning Autumn 2017 Axioms for the Real Numbers
Math 300 Introduction to Mathematical Reasoning Autumn 2017 Axioms for the Real Numbers PRIMITIVE TERMS To avoid circularity, we cannot give every term a rigorous mathematical definition; we have to accept
More informationThe University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION GEOMETRY. Student Name:
GEOMETRY The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION GEOMETRY Thursday, January 27, 2011 9:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., only Student Name: School Name: Print your name and the name
More informationDraft Version 1 Mark scheme Further Maths Core Pure (AS/Year 1) Unit Test 1: Complex numbers 1
1 w z k k States or implies that 4 i TBC Uses the definition of argument to write 4 k π tan 1 k 4 Makes an attempt to solve for k, for example 4 + k = k is seen. M1.a Finds k = 6 (4 marks) Pearson Education
More information2. Two binary operations (addition, denoted + and multiplication, denoted
Chapter 2 The Structure of R The purpose of this chapter is to explain to the reader why the set of real numbers is so special. By the end of this chapter, the reader should understand the difference between
More informationTriangle Congruence and Similarity Review. Show all work for full credit. 5. In the drawing, what is the measure of angle y?
Triangle Congruence and Similarity Review Score Name: Date: Show all work for full credit. 1. In a plane, lines that never meet are called. 5. In the drawing, what is the measure of angle y? A. parallel
More informationReasoning and Proof Unit
Reasoning and Proof Unit 1 2 2 Conditional Statements Conditional Statement if, then statement the if part is hypothesis the then part is conclusion Conditional Statement How? if, then Example If an angle
More informationIntroducing Proof 1. hsn.uk.net. Contents
Contents 1 1 Introduction 1 What is proof? 1 Statements, Definitions and Euler Diagrams 1 Statements 1 Definitions Our first proof Euler diagrams 4 3 Logical Connectives 5 Negation 6 Conjunction 7 Disjunction
More informationSOLUTION. Taken together, the preceding equations imply that ABC DEF by the SSS criterion for triangle congruence.
1. [20 points] Suppose that we have ABC and DEF in the Euclidean plane and points G and H on (BC) and (EF) respectively such that ABG DEH and AGC DHF. Prove that ABC DEF. The first congruence assumption
More informationUNIT 3 CIRCLES AND VOLUME Lesson 1: Introducing Circles Instruction
Prerequisite Skills This lesson requires the use of the following skills: performing operations with fractions understanding slope, both algebraically and graphically understanding the relationship of
More informationWORKSHEET MATH 215, FALL 15, WHYTE. We begin our course with the natural numbers:
WORKSHEET MATH 215, FALL 15, WHYTE We begin our course with the natural numbers: N = {1, 2, 3,...} which are a subset of the integers: Z = {..., 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3,... } We will assume familiarity with their
More information, p 1 < p 2 < < p l primes.
Solutions Math 347 Homework 1 9/6/17 Exercise 1. When we take a composite number n and factor it into primes, that means we write it as a product of prime numbers, usually in increasing order, using exponents
More informationFactoring Polynomials. Review and extend factoring skills. LEARN ABOUT the Math. Mai claims that, for any natural number n, the function
Factoring Polynomials GOAL Review and extend factoring skills. LEARN ABOUT the Math Mai claims that, for any natural number n, the function f (n) 5 n 3 1 3n 2 1 2n 1 6 always generates values that are
More informationUnit 5, Lesson 4.3 Proving the Pythagorean Theorem using Similarity
Unit 5, Lesson 4.3 Proving the Pythagorean Theorem using Similarity Geometry includes many definitions and statements. Once a statement has been shown to be true, it is called a theorem. Theorems, like
More informationUCLA Curtis Center: March 5, 2016
Transformations in High-School Geometry: A Workable Interpretation of Common Core UCLA Curtis Center: March 5, 2016 John Sarli, Professor Emeritus of Mathematics, CSUSB MDTP Workgroup Chair Abstract. Previous
More informationMTH 250 Graded Assignment 4
MTH 250 Graded Assignment 4 Measurement Material from Kay, sections 2.4, 3.2, 2.5, 2.6 Q1: Suppose that in a certain metric geometry* satisfying axioms D1 through D3 [Kay, p78], points A, B, C and D are
More information4-2 Angles of Triangles. Find the measures of each numbered angle. 1. ANSWER: ANSWER: m 1 = 42, m 2 = 39, m 3 = 51. Find each measure. 3.
Find the measures of each numbered angle. DECK CHAIRS The brace of this deck chair forms a triangle with the rest of the chair s frame as shown. If m 1 = 95 and m 3 = 55, find each measure. Refer to the
More informationDefinitions, Axioms, Postulates, Propositions, and Theorems from Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries by Marvin Jay Greenberg ( )
Definitions, Axioms, Postulates, Propositions, and Theorems from Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries by Marvin Jay Greenberg (2009-03-26) Logic Rule 0 No unstated assumptions may be used in a proof.
More informationThe Nature and Role of Reasoning and Proof
The Nature and Role of Reasoning and Proof Reasoning and proof are fundamental to mathematics and are deeply embedded in different fields of mathematics. Understanding of both is needed for all. Across
More informationThe University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION THREE-YEAR SEQUENCE FOR HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS COURSE II
The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION THREE-YEAR SEQUENCE FOR HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS COURSE II Tuesday, August 13, 2002 8:30 to 11:30 a.m., only Notice... Scientific
More information. Do the assigned problems on separate paper and show your work
Dear future AP Physics students, Here s the short story: Physics is NOT a math class. But you can t do collegelevel physics without math. So I need you to be solid in the basic math techniques that we
More informationUnit 1 Packet Honors Math 2 1
Unit 1 Packet Honors Math 2 1 Day 1 Homework Part 1 Graph the image of the figure using the transformation given and write the algebraic rule. translation: < 1, -2 > translation: < 0, 3 > Unit 1 Packet
More informationSpecial Relativity - Math Circle
Special Relativity - Math Circle Jared Claypoole Julio Parra Andrew Yuan January 24, 2016 Introduction: The Axioms of Special Relativity The principle of relativity existed long before Einstein. It states:
More information