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1 : 2 (26) (2010) ' &'( %!" #$! * (MDF) #) +"! % ( )*) -.,/ 0 (!" +, (1). &( 8 &! %7 6!*5) ' &'( 4 "! *) #., 9)" 8**/, ) )*) &'( (" 48 " 24!" 0 (!" +, * MDF #) +"! % ( : ; (%7 %1. %0.5 "*!" 7= > 2.-.,/ (!" +, MDF #) +"! % ( :. ; ( ; ", +", 7,!. 1.-.,/ 0 %1. %0.5 "*!" 73 3.%; #) +"! ; :! ).! "! ) *+ " & '( (1) 179
2 ... "!, The Influence of Parafin emulsion on the physical- and mechanical Properties of Medium Density Fiber board (MDF) from Cotton Stems (Gossypium sp.) bonded with Urea formaldehyde resin (UF) (1) Hameed. M. ABSTRACT This investigation has established the Possibility of improving the values of physical-(water absorption and cross-swelling after 2, 24, and 48 hours) and mechanical Properties (binding strength and cross-tensile strength) of Medium Density Fiber board (MDF) from Cotton Stems (Gossypium sp.) bonded with Urea formaldehyde resin (UF) by adding Parafin emulsion (0.5 % or 1 % to the dry weight of the fibers) when producing the Medium Density Fiber board (MDF) to reach the mean of values for the physical-(water absorption and cross-swelling after 2, 24, and 48 hours) and mechanical Properties (binding strength and cross-tensile strength) of Medium Density Fiber board (MDF) in the European Standard. adding Parafin emulsion(0.5 % or 1 % to the dry weight of the fibers) is economical. Key words: Cotton, Stems, Medium Density Fiber board (MDF), Physical Properties, Mechanical Properties. (1) Dept. of Forestry and Ecology. Faculty of Agriculture. Damascus University P.O.Box: Syria. 180
3 : 2 (26) (2010), 2 2 "! -.* '/0 1 (Deppe and Ernst, 1996) 3 *! 4 / (MDF) <20 :;* ! * * 51 (2007 2) =2!2> 2 (MDF) 92 ;2.? :;* (Barge et al., 1998) ;* =@ <A " : 9!@ 2!@ (Schneider, 2000) < B 7 B*!2 2 C+ CA " 71 : CA D (Roffael, 1993) ( Roffael, 1982) *!2 MDF 22 <A :+ G " G 9 + E., 85 F@; Roffael et al., ) (Schneider, 2000) H0 :+.! " CA.! , 85 7 " (Roffael et al., 1995) ( C; ' =D C+ " 5/.(Schaefer. M, 1996) ( Roffael et al., 1999) CI C+ " G0 2 (MDF) 2! 1 (2008) 60 ( "! J* 8/ 0 85 F@; H2 '! 7 9 ;* &>! / 3;1 ' H" EN A! * 2 2! H 9 C; B5 = 852.(Hygreen et al., 2003) 2* A! (MDF) 2 2 2;1, K 5: C: /A (MDF) 2 "! 42; L*M 51 /0 '!@ 9 '! )2 C } ! MDF 2!.2! 2* 2. K..! + * 2/ '2.! 5: " 6D K /A + 7 F;{ (2005!N +) &2." MDF! " 2003 ' > O ( 9+.0 KA! / B5 6( (FAO, 2003) 3 '* 6:PQ ' (458000) :"2 '2 : S : + ( 6T / T RA
4 ... "!,. *! U5: A! H0! K :71 K 5/ C/ 2 "! ;1, W 92 '2 2 2! (MDF). /0 '!@ 1 '+ : +, #) +"! % ( 62* #/# *I A + A + :* 71 O 20 P 825 2* 9 71 : ' K T0 &+ *+ 2 / :* * CA.! X. 71 :* :0 6!P.A 5> 6= " ()!( O ".@ ? 6 /0 C2A 62YM+ 85 *.! CA. (1) 9! ) ( 3 U + CA O 18.6Z : =/ +! & &A 6*YM! 85 * %5 : 6 Hydrowax 66 ex LINZ 2 31 C; ' (I).A &5 2 C+ CA " % C;0 (II) &5 C2A " %1 31 C;0 (III) K &5 Hydrowax 66 ex LINZ! 6+0 Hydrowax 66 ex LINZ C+ 2!@ 92 =2D 6 + CA D 6 :, 2 %12 2 (Urea formaldehyde) UF-resin /0 '! ;0 ( Kauritec 405 =D B+ '>) + CA " 62D 2( =D + 9 " %2 =D 9 'A D CA O 3.2 \P 85 * %10 9D CA '250 *, *! 7 4; ' 20 ) ' 45 X '45 *, D2M; 85 * CA ) ' 45 X '45 *, =T ; ' ' 50 X ' C0 7! N ' G C2A ) ' 50 X '50 *, H0 *! 6*;M ' 2@ :^ G ' 85 * *! 9! ]! 2 71 ) ( : 71! B G 182
5 : 2 (26) (2010) 2 ;( ; ' K '/O 50! D; 6 ' U*0 ]! K 3 RP! < RM 85 *.' 20 * '2 C! :* < :+.!M /* ' 42 X.! < (2) 9! (2) ; (1) 0 * MDF #/# 62* )*) ',!II :+, &5. " 6! 6PQ ( 6+ A + '() + 6 :* F '2 X "2 B:2 ) T0 &+ *+ :(1999) (EN) DIN European Norms A! * 2A!2 * Moisture Content H W0.(EN 322).(EN 323) A! * Density W 24 2* * Absorption Water =! 7 9 W&.(EN 52351) A! * 48 * 2* 24 * * =Cross-Swilling ;* &> W.(EN 317) A! * 48!2 2* 2 Binding Strength =@ W2/.(EN 310) A 183
6 ... "!,!2 2* 2 Cross-Tensile Strength 2;* 9( W.(EN 319) A %; %* " Moisture Content %+ A!,!. :(EN 322) 0 7 U5/ * : 0 W 1 0 9) " ± * C+ H 2.2 " ) >0 " 6!.( 18.` ' 0 / + `0.001 ( G G " : 6A W B ++" = 2 ± : ;.6+ ; (N).! '! >0 2+ * '+ 0 *. 8/ G :: 6* '+ W 3.`20 6* ". (` () C2+ * C+.( 6* " :+ 5 W 4 * (N) B B5 ++" = ; K :? (@* 85 *. C+ m H mo H(%) =.100 m. H(%) :R1 51.` (=;) * " :m H.` C+ * * " :m O : Density (EN: 323) %; " #),! 2 :+ 7 * " (.! 7 * : 0 1.* + 2( "2 G2 " (G) : 6A 2.` ( ) ' < 5 5 :6* * '+ 7.! / ( 6* *0 G :+ 5 4 ' ( 6* U5/ " 85 * i G ' :? (@* O 184
7 : 2 (26) (2010) 3 mu ( '/`) ru = vu 3.%u + ( '/`) : ru :1 51.%u + * " : m u.%u + * '+ :v u %; " 8 * ( 0 &!,! 6 :Water Absorption (EN:52351) 2 = " 71 :=! 0 W 1 U5/ G = 6* T * 2 D; ) *! 9!.(MDF.`0.001 ( G " 6* J : 6A W 2 3.'1± *A ] ' < 5 5 :6* *0 W : 8. CS 6* ; W 4 2 ± ' 0 " K.0 9 %5 ±65 2 6* ; '.85 * " '( :+ 5 W 5 2 2*! ; ' 85 * J :!! 6* '2.5. >! = * K = J I ' :( 2 " = C! = 6* 24 0 * :? (@* = ' " W2 W1 S(%) =.100 W1. = S% :1 51.`.( * " :W 1.` * * " :W 2 " * %( : )" % (P!*5) %7 6!*5,! :Swelling (EN: 317) %; 2 0 D; ) *! <A &>
8 ... "!, 2 2/T * 6* 9" :(MDF = 2 G2 2 62* J : 6A 2.(G) 3 2 2*A 2 ]2 '2 <2 5 5 :6* *0 3.' 1 ± 2 3 : 8. CS 6* ; 4." K * : G '( :+ 5 5! :( ; ' J :!! 6* ; 85 ± 20 = 9) = J I 85 * 6* *.2 >! = * K (1 ± 7 :PH 3; '( + C! = 6* 24 0 * ' * : G ' : " = :? (@* &@ t G (%) = t 2 t t &@ G t + % :1 51.'.( * t 1. * * t 2 Bending )" 8**/ * ( 0, Q4 - :* ( 0 (EN: 310) 4 %* ; %* " Strength U2+ F+2 9 *! <A G :G 0 1 =@ / 7 : 95, * C! 7 B 2. '/ > "2:+ '2 : 6A &2 2.(3) 9!2 2 ( Zwick/Roell 010).(G) :, /*0 6 G 5: ' :6* *0 3.' 50 = * J ' ' * = *. 186
9 : 2 (26) (2010) (Zwick/Roell) ( )*)!(5 R (3) 0 ' 260 : * ":+ " 7 * ; :G 5 4 C!2 9" 9( ) *! 9 20 * 7 :S 9 ( 0 ' / 7 B. * :? (@* =@ 85 * P ' ":+ 3.Fmax.L B = 2 2.b.h 2.(N/mm 2 ) '/ => :B :1 7S* 9 :F max.(' 260) G ":+ " * :L.' * J :b.' < 0 * :h 187
10 ... "!, #) +"! % ( : S!" T S, Q4 :(EN: 319) %; %* "( MDF) <2 H2 7 * H < G :G H2 2 < * 4 7 F+ 2.( '/) * 2 * (3) 9! ":+ ' : 6A * 62 " 6* B ":+ 5:.!> 9 (G) ":+ D;2 2) *! <A G ' :6* *0 3 K ' < *, 6 (MDF.< :+ )!M 85 * G G 6* *0 G :G 5 4 2* )!@! 7 8 B )!@ ' 6 * 85 * ":+ * 6 * 6 G ":+ * ; ( 2 * 7 :;* ":+ H( )P 7 B* P ' ":+ 7 :S () F max 7S :? (@* < B Fmax Q = a.b 2.( '/) < B 7 B* :Q :1 51.() 7S* 9 :F max.(') *. :a.(') * J :b %'U V! 2! MDF &5 " 6> Z 6YM Exel 'S!N Z ' 2.2* Standard Deviation C> Mean!N. Z ) 85.* Coefficient of Variation Completely Randomized Design '2 * '! ' K SPSS.0.05 * H ANOVA. ' ( 188
11 : 2 (26) (2010) R!4* W'!* 2.2 " 6! Z (1).+ 2 *! &5 2 9 A 6! ' (1999) DIN 62> 2: 62 2 (EN) 2A! * Hydrowax 66 ex LINZ 2 31 C; ' (I).A &5} 2 C+ CA " % C;0 (II) &5 C2A " %1 31 C;0 (III) K &5 Hydrowax 66 ex LINZ :, Z K. Hydrowax 66 ex LINZ {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albott (1997) May (1983) K2 Z 2 Z U5/ ).(;* 2 2 MDF 2! "@ K 5/ ' 85 K 5/ 9> 51 A 6! ) 6! 190
13 : 2 (26) (2010) 92 3! MDF 2!.* G, T H.0 C2+ CA " %1 0 %0.5 ;1 1 W3 2 < &1 " MDF 2! H F!2( 2 U5: ;1 L* %6 %3.3 ]! #/# 62* : ; )*) ', %" +"! (1) V +"! % ( *, +, * MDF.(1999) DIN %; #) ;, III II I EN % V S Ø % V S Ø % V S Ø 0,+!( * 7.05 % EN 322 A! % W * ³ '/ ` EN 323 #) * 2.3 % %7 6!*5 EN 317!" * 10.5 % %7 6!*5 EN 317 " * 13.9 % %7 6!*5 EN 317 " * 5.1 % EN 8 &! 52351!" * 27.5 % EN 8 &! " * 35.1 % EN 8 &! " 48 30W * 19.8 ² '/ EN 310 8**/, 0.6W * 0.49 ² '/ EN 319 %7 :.A &5:I.* :% V C>: S :Ø * H * %1) :K &5 :III ( %0.5) : &5 :II ( ) / ( MDF!, 22 2 (/0 '!1)! K >.! 191
14 ... "!, REFERENCES.8 Q "' 8X S)!).(2005).'U. ) * 9Y!* (;.(2007). " +, (MDF) #) +"! % ( * *)3.(2008) )*) ' Z! Barge U.. Hapla F.. Huester H.. Roffael E. und Schaefer M : Holzbiologie und Holztechnologie. Institut fuer Holzbiologie und Holztechnology der Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen. P Deppe. H. J.. Ernst. K : MDF-Mitteldichte Faserplatten. DRW-Verlag. Leinfelden-Echterdingen.1. Auflage.Deutschland. DIN-Tachenbuch Holzfaserplatten. Spanplatten und Sperrholz- Beuth Verlag. F.A.O. 2003: Forest Products. Year book. Hygreen. J. G.. Rubin. S. and Bowyer. J. 2003: Forest Products and Wood Science: An Introduction. Fourth Edition. Lowa State University. May. H.- A. and E. Roffael. 1983: Hydrophobierung von Spanplatten mit Paraffin. Teil 3: Wirkung des Paraffinaufwands auf die Dickenquellung. Wasseraufnahme sowie andere technologische Eigenschaften von Spanplatten. Adhaesion. 27. (9) Roffael. E Die Formaldehydabgabe von Spanplatten und anderen Werkstoffen. DRW-Verlag. Stuttgart. Roffael. E Formaldehyde Release from Particleboards and other Wood Based Panels. Forest Institute Malysia. Roffael. E.. Dix. B.. Baer. G. und Bayer. A Ueber die Eignung von thermo-mechanischem und chemo-thermomechanischem Holzstoff (TMP und CTMP) aus Buchen- und Kiefernholz fuer die Herstellung von mitteldichten Faserplatten (MDF). Teil 1: Aufschluss des Holzes und Eigenschaften der Faserstoffe. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff. 52: Roffael. E.. Dix. B.. Baer. G. und Bayer. A Ueber die Eignung von thermo-mechanischem und chemo-thermomechanischem Holzstoff (TMP und CTMP) aus Buchen- und Kiefernholz fuer die Herstellung von mitteldichten Faserplatten (MDF). Teil 2: Eigenschaften von aus Kiefern- Faserstoff hergestellten MDF. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff. 53: Roffael. E. und Schaefer. M Holz als Rohstoff fuer die Zellstoffherstellung. Schriftereihe des Institut fuer Holzbiologie und Holztechnologie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Deutschland. Schaefer. M Enfluß der Lagerung von Fichten- und Kiefern- Industrierestholz auf der Profilzerspanug auf die Eigenschaften von Spanplatten und Mitteldichten Fasserplatten (MDF). Dissertation an der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. Schneider Untersuchungen Ueber den Einfluss von Aufschlueebedingungen des Holzes und der Faserstofftrocknung auf die Eigenschaften von mitteldichten Fasserplatten (MDF). Dissertation an der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Deutschland. Talbott. J. W.. Maloney. T. M. 1997: Effect of several Production Variables on Modulus of Rupture and Internal Bond Strength of Boards Made of Green Douglas-Fir Planer Shavings. Forest Products Journal. 7. (10) Received 2008/12/ 18 1 \3 Accepted for Publ. 2009/07/ 27 * 1 V4 192
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