Rheologyical Properties

Transcription

1 / / / : % g ml ( μm) o c o c ( khz) study some rheologyical and electrical properties for polymer-kaolin by Ultrasonic Waves Abstract : In the present work, the study of some rheologyical and electrical properties for polymer-kaolin ere carried out, for preparing samples of composite materials by using raw materials (kaolin duekla, polystyrene and polyvinyl alcohol). The toasting process was carried out at ( c ) for ( hr) to different concentration ( ) % g/ml. the gram size rate for deukla was stayed constant at ( m). The rheologyical properties which include, the density and shear viscosity were measured by using Ostwald Viscometer. The mechanical properties, the Ultrasonic velocity had been measured by Ultrasonic waves system with frequency ( KHz), we calculate theoretically, absorption coefficient, relaxation time, relaxation amplitude, compressibility, bulk modulus, and specific acoustic impedance. At room temperature ( c). The results showed that all properties icrease exponentially or linearly by increasing of concentration while velocity, specific acoustic impedance and bulk modules decrease by increasing concentration. This study show association between polymer and solvent molecules, and also between polymer molecules it self. General Introduction - ١

2 Rheologyical Properties Shear Viscosity (η s ) Al-Bermany, (Ostwald-Fenseke) s ts s t s, ( t s,t ) (poise), s (g/cm.s) Mechanical Properties Ultrasonic Velocity (V) (k) ( ) V k/. ( c ). c vis th ٢

3 ( th ) ( vis ) v Hassan, f s ( 1) c V 2 C V (δ) (C v ) (C p ) ( 2 f ) (f) (γ) Hassan, f s c vis 3 3 V. Relaxation in Liquids (Relaxation Time) (t) t 4 3 V s 2 Hassan,. (Relaxation Amplitude) ( / f Hassan, 2 D / f. Blitz, z V. B k Blitz, 1 V 2 ( ). Blitz, 1 2 B V. 2 ) ٣

4 - Al O SiO H O ( m) ( c) ( c) Plancon, Walls, P.V.A. ( C) P.S. C Fluka AG, CH Buchs C H C) c Bonndy, Human Carcinoger Benzen for HpLc ٤

5 ( m) (CROSCHOPP) Ball Milling) ( hr) (HCl ( hr.) m c ( Sieving process Cro-Prazisossieb Retsch Mettler c Mixing process ( gm P.V.A. HCl ( c) (polystyrene) (pettry dish) Magnetic stirrer Results and Discussion Rheologyical Calculation - Density - ( ml) ( (Mettler Switzarland) ٥

6 , &, Hassun & Hassun et al. Shear Viscosity Al-Bermany, Mechanical Calculation Ultrasonic Ultrasonic - Measurements Velocity (delay time) (Interaction) (Macromolecular) Hassan, & Al-Ani, (Purity) Ultrasonic Absorption Coefficient Blitz,. Relaxation time ٦

7 P.V.A g ml g g m c <, AL-Bermany, Relaxation Amplitude -٢-١-٤ سعة الاسترخاء (, Hassun & Hassun &,,, Hassun ٧

8 Specific Acoustic ٥-٢-١-٤ الممانعة الصوتیة النوعیة Impedance Compressibility Hassun,&Al-Ani & Bulk Modulus -٢-١-٥ الانضغاطیة Al- Bermany, Dencity(g/ml)/ Concentration (g/ml ) % الشكل (1) یوضح تغیر الكثافھ مع التركیز ٨

9 3 Shear Vescosity(g/cm.s) Concentration (g/ml) % الش كل ) 2) یوضح تغ یر اللزوج ھ القص یھ م ع الترك یز 35 Ultrasonic Velocity(m/s) Concentration (g/ml ) % الشكل (3 ( یوضح تغیر سرعة الموجات فوق الصوتیة مع التركیز 16 Absorption Coefficient of Ultrasonic Waves(I/m) Concentration(g/ml)% الش كل (4) یوض ح تغیرمعام ل امتص اص الموج ات ف وق الص وتیھ م ع الترك یز ٩

10 Relaxation Taim(s^2/m) Concentration (g/ml)% الشكل ( 5 )یوضح تغیر زمن الاسترخاء م ع الترك یز.25 Relaxation Amplitude(s/m) Concentation (g/ml)% الش كل (6) یوض ح تغیرس عھ الاس ترخاء م ع الترك یز 3 25 Specific Acoustic Impedance(kg.s/m^3) Concentration(g/ml)% الشكل (7) یوضح تغیر المماتعھ الصوتیھ النوعیھ مع التركیز ١٠

11 Compressibility (m.s^2/kg) Concetration(g/ml)% الشكل (8) یوضح تغیر الانضغاطیھ مع التركیز Bulk Modulus(kg/m.s^2) Concentration (g/ml)% الشكل (9 )یوضح تغیر معامل المرونھ مع التركیز : Conclusion ١١

12 ( m C). PVDP Al-Bermany, A.K.J. "A Study of the Physical Properties of some Cellulose Derivative Polymers", Al-Mustansiryah University, Ph. D. Thesis. ١٢

13 Al-Ani, S.K.J., "Acustica J.", V., pp. -. A. Davis,. "Weathering of Polymers ", Applied Science Pub. Al-Bermany, A.K.J.; Al-Mamory M.H and Al-Bassam, F.A.. J.", V., No.. Al-Bermany, A.K.J., ٢٠٠٣"Babylon Univ. J.", V. ٨, No. ٣. Blitz, J. -. "Fundamental of Ultrasonic", "Babylon Univ. nd Edition. Butter Worthes, London, pp Bonndy, R. H. And Boyer, R. F. Styrene its Polymers Copolymers and Derivatives, Rein hold, New York. Hassan, S.K. "Acta Polymerica J.", V., N., p Hassun, S.K. and Rahman, S. ١٩٨٩"Iraqi J. of Sci.", V. ٣٠, N. ٣, p ٤٢٦. Hassun, S.K.; Hussain, H. and Hassan, N.A. "Acta Polymerica J.", V., N. Plancon, A. And Drits, V. Clay and Clay Mineral, Vol., No., P.. Walls, D. S. Kaolin Department of Mines and Energy Mineral Information Leaflet No.. ١٣