BEPCII/BESIII. Frederick A. Harris University of Hawaii For the BES Collaboration. DPF 2006 Oct. 30 Nov. 3, 2006 Honolulu, HI 1/29/2008 DPF2006 1
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1 BEPCII/BESIII DPF 2006 Oct. 30 Nov. 3, 2006 Honolulu, HI Frederick A. Harris University of Hawaii For the BES Collaboration 1/29/2008 DPF2006 1
2 The Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC) L ~ /cm 2 s at J/ψ peak E cm ~ 2-5 GeV A unique e + e - machine in the τ-charm energy region until CLEOc.
3 BEPCII: a high luminosity double ring collider SC RF Beams 1/29/2008 DPF2006 3
4 BEPCII Design goal Energy range GeV Optimum energy 1.89 GeV Luminosity 1 x cm -2 s 1.89 GeV Injection Synchrotron mode Full energy injection: GeV Positron injection rate > 50 ma/min GeV Use many bunches and mini-beta. 1/29/2008 DPF2006 4
5 Design Goals and Main Parameters Parameters Unit BEPCII BEPC Operation energy (E) GeV Injection energy (E inj ) GeV Circumference (C) m β * -function at IP (β * x / β * y ) cm 100/ /5 Tunes (ν x /ν y /ν s ) 6.57/7.61/ /6.7/0.02 Hor. natural emittance (ε x0 ) mm mr GeV GeV Damping time (τ x /τ y /τ e ) GeV 28/28/14@1.89 GeV RF frequency (f rf ) MHz RF voltage per ring (V rf ) MV Number of bunches (N b ) Bunch spacing m Beam current Colliding GeV ~2 GeV ma SR 2.5GeV 130 Bunch length (cm) σ l cm ~1.5 ~5 Impedance Z/n 0 Ω ~ 0.2 ~4 Crossing angle mrad ±11 0 Vert. beam-beam param. ξ y Beam lifetime hrs /29/2008luminosity@1.89 GeV cmdpf s
6 BEPCII Status BEPCII linac installation completed in 2005; most design specifications reached. Storage ring: Major magnets, superconducting RF cavities and quadrupole magnets, as well as the cryogenics system have been completed, and their installation is nearly complete. SR runs before the end of this year. Beam collisions expected in summer/fall /29/2008 DPF2006 6
7 BESIII Detector Muon Counter SC magnet TOF Be beam pipe Drift Chamber CsI(Tl) calorimeter 1/29/2008 DPF2006 7
8 MDC Parameters R inner: 63mm ; R outer: 810mm Length (out.): 2582 mm Inner cylinder: 1.2 mm Carbon fiber Outer cylinder: 11.5 mm CF with 8 windows Sense wire : 25 micron gold-plated tungsten (plus 3%Rhenium ) Layers (Sense wire ): 43 Field wire: 110 micron gold-plated Aluminum Gas: He + C3H8 (60/40) σ x ~ 130 μ m Cell: inner chamber mm σ P outer chamber mm ~ 0.5 P Polar angle: cos θ < 0.83 (all layers) σ de < 0.93 (20 layers) dx ~ 6 % de 1/29/2008 Expected performance DPF dx
9 MDC 1/29/2008 DPF2006 9
10 MDC Status: Wire Stringing Complete Preamp installation in progress. Cosmic ray running in about one month. 1/29/2008 DPF
11 Beam test at KEK Prototype tested in a 1T magnetic field at KEK 12GeV PS. Results: spatial resolution better than 130 µm cell efficiency over 98% de/dx resolution better than 5% (3σ π/k separation exceeding 700MeV/c). 1/29/2008 DPF
12 CsI(Tl) crystal calorimeter Design goals: Energy: 1GeV Spatial: 1GeV Crystals: Barrel: 5280 w: kg Endcaps: 960 w: 4051 kg Total: 6340 w: 25.6 T 5 x 5 cm 2 front face; 6.5 x 6.5 cm 2 back 28 cm length (15 radiation lengths) Have all barrel and most endcap crystals 1/29/2008 DPF
13 Readout: Two Hamamatsu S mm x 20 mm photodiodes 1/29/2008 DPF
14 Testing: Size Source tests ( 137 Cs) LED tests PD tests Preamp tests Cosmic ray tests Beam tests (6 x 6 array): CsI Calorimeter X position 1/29/2008 DPF ADC
15 Mechanical structure A 1/60 prototype Status: Assembly starts soon. Barrel completed by April 07. Mechanical structure now at IHEP 1/29/2008 DPF
16 Crucial for particle ID Barrel 50mm x 60mm x 2320 mm (inner layer). BC408 2 layers 88 in each Endcap 48 fan shaped pieces each end. BC404 PMT: Hamamatsu R5942 Fine mesh TOF 1/29/2008 DPF
17 TOF Performance Time resolution 1-layer (intrinsic): Belle: 70 to 80 ps Beam tests: < 90 ps Simulation: < 90 ps Time resolution of two layers is 100ps to 110ps for kaon and pions. Capability of K/π separation K/π separation: 2 σ separation up to 0.9 GeV/c. 1/29/2008 DPF
18 TOF Monitoring System Monitor the amplitude and time performance of each channel including PMTs and electronics. Being built by University of Hawaii: Use mirror to steer beam like BESII. Purchase fiber cable bundles (2 cables). Laser Electronic switch Light splitter Fiber bundles TOF endcap 48 fibers TOF endcap 48 fibers TOF barrel 176 fibers TOF barrel 176 fibers Ref. PMT connector TDC start ADC gate fiber Fiber PMT TOF barrel PMT 1/29/2008 DPF
19 Fiber Bundle Cables (need 2) Barrel TOF EC TOF DPF
20 Test Setup at UH Need TOF counter and readout for testing TOF laser calibration system. Use Belle BC408 TOF counter and 2 BES fine mesh phototubes. Test with cosmic ray telescope. Caen VME TDC and QDC with computer to readout. Next install fibers and pulse with N2/dye laser. 1/29/2008 DPF
21 Superconducting Magnet Coil: single layer solenoid First of its kind built in China. Cooling mode: two phase helium force flow Cryostat Superconductor: Al stabilized NbTi/Cu Winding: inner winding Cold mass support: tension rod Coil Thermal shield: LN 2 shield, MLI Flux return: barrel/end yoke, pole tip Inner radius 1.375m Outer radius 1.7m Length 3.91m Mean radius 1.482m Length 3.52m Cable dimension 3.7mm*20mm Electrical parameters Central field 1.0T Nominal current Inductance Stored energy Cold mass Total Weight 3650A 2H 10MJ 3.6ton 15ton Radiation thickness 2X 1/29/2008 DPF
22 BESIII Magnet Progress wiring Thermal insulation assembly transportation installation 1/29/2008 DPF
23 BESIII Magnet Progress Sept. 19, Voltage(V) Time:19:00 VTL1A-VTL2A VTLL1A-VTLL2A VTLL1B-VTLL2B VTLL3A-VTLL4A VTLL3B-VTLL4B VTM6A-VTM1A VTM6A-VTM5A VTM1A-VTM2A VTM3A-VTM4A VTM4A-VTM5A Time:22: Voltage curve shows that the magnet is in super-conducting state. Magnetic field Gauss. 1/29/2008 DPF
24 Muon Chamber Barrel + EndCap; RPC as μ detector; Barrel : 9 layers EndCap: 8 layers One dimension read-out strips; 1/29/2008 DPF
25 RPCs Electrodes made from a special type of phenolic paper laminate on bakelite. Have good surface quality(~200nm). Extensive testing and long term reliability testing done. Have high efficiency, low counting rate and dark current, and good long-term stability. 1/29/2008 DPF
26 (RPC module) Total of 64 endcap modules, 72 barrel modules; Gas: Ar:C 2 H 2 F 4 :Isobutane = 50:42:8 HV voltage: 8000V; One module contains two RPC layers and one readout layer. 1/29/2008 DPF
27 Spring 2005: All RPC production,dpf2006 assembly, testing, and installation 1/29/ completed.
28 Test Result after installation - endcap Average strip efficiency: 0.97 Spatial resolution: 16.6mm Mean of 64 endcap RPC = /29/2008 DPF
29 μ/π Identification Efficiency From Simulation Using Muc Info only % μ efficiency Design Goal π fake rate GeV/c Ratio of π decay to μ before entering Muc 1/29/2008 DPF
30 1/29/2008 Fall DPF
31 Trigger and DAQ The trigger design is almost finalized; pipelined and uses FPGAs. By end of the year, all the boards should be tested. Whole DAQ system tested to 8K Hz for the event size of 12Kb, a factor of two safety margin. Whole DAQ system tested during beam test with MDC and EMC. L1 trigger rate: 4 KHz Event Size: 12 KBytes Expected bandwidth after L1: 48 MByte/sec Dead time: < 5% 1000 * BESII DAQ system 1/29/2008 DPF
32 Offline software BOSS BES Offline Software System based on Gaudi. BES III Software Generator HepEvt Event Converters G4Event Simulation McTruth Framework Core Software Calibration & Database BES III RawData RawData CnvSvc Calibration Algorithms Digits RecHits Digitization Reconstruction Algorithms Hits RecTracks Reconstruction Simulaton Histograms Ntuples Analysis Tools DstTracks Rec2DstAlg DstData RootDstCnvSvc Physics Analysis Software Tremendous amount accomplished so far. Much more to do. 1/29/2008 DPF
33 Event Display Tool: BesVis Based on ROOT, OpenGL, X3D and XML Support both 2D and 3D view Operations and controls available through menu and toolbar items First version was released in December /29/200812/01/2006 DPF2006W.Li and Y. Mao 33
34 SIMULATION Based on Geant4 MDC tracking performance: μ - at pt = 1GeV/c Momentum resolution σ = 0.4 MeV Sub-detector Design MC MDC σ w (μm) σ p /p 0.5% 0.4% σ de/dx 6-7% 6% TOF σ t (ps) EMC σ E /E 2.5% 2.2% σ xy (mm) MUC ε(μ ID ) 95% 96% ε(π->μ) 6% 6.2% EMC (barrel) Energy Resolution -single γ 1/29/2008 DPF
35 Muon Counter TOF Window Fired strips Ext track /29/2008 DPF p(gev/c) β
36 Physics Simulations 50, 000 ψ Inclusive event sample. ~3MeV K S π + π Λ pπ ~1.2MeV
37 50, 000 ψ Inclusive event sample. A RooPlot of "D0 to Kpi" Events / ( ) D 0 K D0 to Kpi A RooPlot of "D0 to Kpipi0" π σ(m BC ) ~ 1.2 MeV/c 2 σ(δe) = 7 MeV + + π A RooPlot of "D0 to K3pi" Events / ( ) D 0 K π D0 to K3pi A RooPlot of "D0 to K0bpipi" + π + π Events / ( ) D 0 K π + π 0 Events / ( ) D 0 K S π + π D0 to Kpipi D0 to K0bpipi 1/29/2008 DPF
38 Ψ' γχ cj, χ cj γj/ ψ BESIII: (8M, M.C.) m(χ c1 ) = 3.508GeV, m(χ c2 ) = 3.553GeV; σ(χ c1 ) = 8.1MeV, σ(χ c2 ) = 9.4MeV. χ c1 χ c2 Ψ' J/ψ(π 0, η), (π 0, η) γγ m(η) = 549 MeV m(π 0 )=135 MeV η χ c0 π 0 m(χ c- ) =3.413GeV, σ(χ c0 ) =9.0MeV. 1/29/2008 DPF
39 Physics Topics at BESIII Open charm factory : Absolute BR measurements of D and Ds decays Rare D decay D 0 -D 0 bar mixing CP violation f D+, f Ds form factors in semi-leptonic D decays precise measurement (1.6% stat.) of CKM (Vcd, Vcs) CP violation and strong phase in D Dalitz Decays light meson spectroscopy in D 0 and D + Dalitz Decays. 1/29/2008 DPF
40 Physics Topics at BESIII Charmonium: J/ψ, ψ(2s), η C (1S), χ C{0,1,2}, η C (2S), h C ( 1 P 1 ), ψ(1d), etc. New Charmonium states above open charm threshold Exotics : hybrids, glueballs, and other exotics in J/ψ and ψ(2s) radiative decays. Baryons and excited baryons in J/ψ and ψ(2s) hadronic decays. Mesons and mixing of quark and gluon in J/ψ and ψ(2s) decays. Electromagnetic form factors and QCD cross section (R values). tau mass and tau physics near the threshold Very rich and interesting energy region. 1/29/2008 DPF
41 Production Average Lum: L = 0.5 Peak Lum.; One year data taking time: T = 10 7 s N event /year = σ exp L T Resonance Mass(GeV) CMS Peak Lum. (10 33 cm -2 s -1 ) Physics Cross Section (nb) Nevents/yr J/ψ τ ψ(2s) D 0 D 0 bar D + D DsDs DsDs Huge J/ψ and ψ(2s) samples at BESIII 1/29/2008 DPF
42 BESIII Collaboration First formal meeting held Jan , 2006 at IHEP, Beijing. Adopted Governance Rules, elected IB Chair and Spokespersons. Second collaboration meeting held June at IHEP. Management plan adopted. Institute of High Energy Physics University of Science and Technology Peking University Tsinghua University Shangdong University Nankai University Central China Normal University University of Anhui University of Zhejiang University of Zhengzhou Nanjing Normal University Nanjing University Shanxi University Sichuan University Henan Normal University University of Hawaii University of Washington University of Tokyo Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, Dubna GSI University of Bochum University of Giessen Need more here! 1/29/2008 DPF
43 Future In US: CLEOc stops in 2008 BaBar stops running in Fermilab stops collider physics in In China: BESIII commissioning in fall BESIII will be a unique facility. 1/29/2008 DPF
44 Summary BEPCII linac installation complete. Installation of collider nearly complete; synchrotron running fall BESIII hardware and software progressing rapidly, although still much to do. Commissioning expected in fall Rich physics program after CLEO-c. Complementary to B-factories. Collaborators welcomed! 1/29/2008 DPF
45 1/29/2008 DPF
46 BESIII and CLEOc comparison Detector MDC BES III σ XY (μm) = 130 ΔP/P ( 0 / 0 ) = 0.5 %(1 GeV) CLEOc 90 μm 0.5 % EMC TOF μ counter magnet σ de/dx ( 0 / 0 ) = 6-7 % Δ E/ E( 0 / 0 ) = 2.5 %(1 GeV) σ z (cm) = 0.5cm/ E σ T (ps) = /layer Double layer 9 layers 1.0 T 6% 2.0% 0.3 cm / E Rich T
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