Chemistry Ch1&2 Test Chapter 1 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

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1 hemistry h1&2 Test hapter 1 Multiple hoice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following about chlorofluorocarbons is true? a. It is made by humans. c. It is toxic. b. It is naturally occurring. d. It is unstable. 2. Which of the following appliances increase Fs in the atmosphere? a. Refrigerators c. Washing machines b. Microwave ovens d. Televisions 3. person is traveling by an airplane 10 km above ground level. What is the impact on the person s mass and weight compared to that at ground level? a. Mass increases, weight decreases b. Mass decreases, weight decreases c. Mass remains the same, weight decreases d. Mass and weight remains the same 4. Which of the following properties of matter can be explained on a submicroscopic level? a. Structure c. ehavior b. omposition d. ll the above 5. Which of the following is qualitative data? a. olor c. Temperature b. Pressure d. Volume 6. Which of the following is quantitative data? a. olor c. Shape b. Odor d. Volume 7. Earth attracts all objects to its surface. This statement is a(n). a. hypothesis c. scientific law b. theory d. observation 8. constant is a factor that. a. changes during an experiment. b. changes from one lab group to another. c. is affected by the dependent variable. d. is not allowed to change during an experiment. 9. control is a. a. variable that changes during an experiment. b. standard for comparison. c. type of dependent variable. d. type of experiment. 10. hypothesis is a(n). a. set of controlled observations. b. explanation supported by many experiments. c. tentative explanation of observations. d. law describing a relationship in nature. 11. theory is a(n).

2 Matching a. set of controlled observations. b. explanation supported by many experiments. c. tentative explanation of observations. d. law describing a relationship in nature. 12. model is a(n). a. visual, verbal, and/or mathematical explanation of how things occur. b. explanation that is supported by many experiments. c. description of a relationship in nature. d. tentative explanation about what has been observed. 13. Which of the following is NOT matter? a. atoms c. air b. ultraviolet radiation d. the Sun 14. t the end of an experiment, the scientist forms a conclusion based on the a. variable. c. data obtained. b. scientific law. d. control. 15. Which of the following is a set of controlled observations that tests a hypothesis? a. mass c. weight b. experiment d. constant 16. The branch of chemistry that focuses on carbon containing chemicals is called a. analytical chemistry. c. biochemistry. b. inorganic chemistry. d. organic chemistry. 17. How should you prepare an acid solution? a. dd the water to the acid all at once. c. dd the water to the acid very slowly. b. dd the acid to the water all at once. d. dd the acid to the water very slowly. Match the terms below with their correct definitions. a. reaction mechanisms d. metabolism b. minerals e. quality control c. plastics 18. Organic chemistry 19. Physical chemistry 20. iochemistry 21. nalytical chemistry 22. Inorganic chemistry Match the terms below with their correct definitions. a. observation d. independent variable b. qualitative data e. dependent variable c. quantitative data 23. Refers to physical characteristics such as color, odor, or shape 24. Refers to mass, volume, and temperature measurements 25. variable controlled by the experimenter 26. The act of gathering information 27. hanges in value based on the value of the controlled variable Match the terms below with their correct definitions. a. chemical f. scientific method b. chlorofluorocarbon g. conclusion

3 c. model h. technology d. matter i. chemistry e. ozone j. observation 28. systematic approach used in all scientific study 29. nything that takes up space and has mass 30. chemical that protects organisms from UV radiation 31. ny substance with a definite composition 32. visual, verbal, or mathematical explanation of how things occur 33. The study of matter and the changes it undergoes 34. The act of gathering information 35. judgment based on the information obtained during an experiment 36. The practical use of scientific research 37. chemical made up of chlorine, fluorine, and carbon Identify each piece of data as either qualitative or quantitative. a. qualitative b. quantitative 38. red pounds tall 42. round 43. smells like bananas mph 45. pink with purple polka dots 46. cold books hapter 2 Multiple hoice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. bottle contains ml of a liquid. The total mass of the bottle and the liquid together is g. The mass of the empty bottle is g. What is the density of the liquid? a g/ml c g/ml b g/ml d g/ml 2. What is the distance that light travels through a vacuum in 1/ of a second? a. centimeter c. meter b. kilometer d. nanometer 3. ccording to rounding rules for addition, the sum of 27.1, , and is. a c b d The product of cm and cm, expressed in scientific notation is. a cm c cm b cm d cm 5. The difference between an accepted value and an experimental value is called a(n). a. error. c. measured value b. percent error. d. precise measurement. 6. The ratio of an error to an accepted value is called a(n). a. accuracy to precision value. c. percent error.

4 b. accuracy. d. precision. 7. When you calculate percent error, you can ignore the. a. accepted values. c. experimental values. b. measured values. d. plus and minus signs. 8. If two measurements are very close to each other, then they are. a. accurate. c. both accurate and precise. b. precise. d. accepted values. 9. Which of the following is most likely to produce data that are not precise? a. a balance that is not set to zero b. not reading a graduated cylinder at eye level c. altering the procedure during an experiment d. making the same error with each trial 10. You calculate that m/s is the answer to a problem. What can you conclude about your answer? a. It has six significant figures. b. It has three significant figures. c. It s not possible to know how many significant figures are in an answer without knowing its accepted value. d. It is not possible to know how many significant figures are in an answer without knowing its percent error. 11. You calculate that g is the answer to a problem. You are asked to write your answer in scientific notation. What can you conclude about your answer? a. It has six significant figures. b. You should round the 1 up to 2 because it is followed by a 5. c. The answer is too small to be written in scientific notation. d. It has three significant figures. 12. You calculate that m is the answer to a problem. You are asked to write your answer in scientific notation. Which answer is correct? a. c. b. d. both b and c 13. You calculate the following answer to a problem: cm. You are asked to round your answer to four significant figures. Which answer is correct? a cm c cm b cm d cm ompletion omplete each statement. Use each of the terms below just once to complete the statements. counting numbers estimated non zero zeros scientific notation significant figures placeholders 14. Zeros that act as are not significant. 15. The digits that are reported in an answer are called. 16. The numeral 9.66 has three significant figures, two known figures and one figure. 17. numbers are always significant. 18. ll final to the right of the decimal place are significant. 19. have an infinite number of significant figures.

5 20. When you convert to, you remove the placeholder zeros. Use the following terms to complete the statements. density liter kilogram significant figures meter second 21. The SI base unit for mass is the. 22. include all known digits plus one estimated digit. 23. The SI base unit of time is the. 24. The SI base unit for length is the. 25. The SI derived unit for volume is the. 26. is a ratio that compares the mass of an object to its volume meters centimeters kilometer = meters. Matching Match the terms below with their correct definitions. a. second c. kilogram b. meter d. cubic meter 28. platinum iridium cylinder that is stored at constant temperature and humidity 29. The microwave frequency given off by a cesium 133 atom 30. cube whose sides all measure exactly one meter 31. The distance that light travels through a vacuum in 1/ second Match the terms below with their correct definitions. a. base unit f. conversion factor b. derived unit g. dimensional analysis c. graph h. kelvin d. scientific notation i. percent error e. accuracy j. precision 32. Refers to how close a series of measurements are to one another 33. ratio of equivalent values used to express the same quantity in different units 34. The ratio of an error to an accepted value 35. defined unit in a system of measurement that is based on an object or event in the physical world 36. Refers to how close a measured value is to an accepted value 37. unit in a system of measurement that is defined by combining base units 38. The SI base unit of temperature 39. means of expressing numbers as a multiple of two factors: a number between 1 and 10; and ten raised to a power, or exponent 40. method of problem solving that focuses on the units used to describe matter, often using conversion factors 41. visual display of data that may include plotting data on x and y axes

6 hemistry h1 Test nswer Section MULTIPLE HOIE 1. NS: hlorofluorocarbons are made artificially in a laboratory or manufacturing process. orrect! hlorofluorocarbons do not occur naturally. hlorofluorocarbons are not toxic. hlorofluorocarbons are very stable. IF: 1 REF: Page 5 OJ: escribe the development of chlorofluorocarbons. NT: F.4 F.5 TOP: escribe the development of chlorofluorocarbons. KEY: hlorofluorocarbons MS: 1 2. NS: Refrigerators that leak refrigerant add Fs to the atmosphere. orrect! Microwaves do not add to Fs in the atmosphere. Washing machines are electrically operated without Fs. Fs are absent in televisions. IF: 1 REF: Page 6 OJ: escribe the development of chlorofluorocarbons. NT: F.4 F.5 TOP: escribe the development of chlorofluorocarbons. KEY: hlorofluorocarbons MS: 1 3. NS: s mass reflects the amount of matter, it remains the same. Weight is a measure of not only the amount of matter but also the gravitational pull which decreases above ground level. Mass will not increase as you go to a higher altitude. Mass cannot decrease at a height of 10 km above ground level. orrect! s gravitational pull decreases above ground level, the weight cannot remain the same.

7 IF: 1 REF: Page 8 OJ: ompare and contrast mass and weight. NT:.2 TOP: ompare and contrast mass and weight. KEY: Mass Weight MS: 1 4. NS: ll the three properties of matter, structure, composition, and behavior, can be explained on a submicroscopic level. Structure of matter can be best explained on a submicroscopic level. omposition is a micro level property of atoms and molecules. Though behavior is macroscopic, it can be better explained on a microscopic level. orrect! IF: 1 REF: Page 9 OJ: Explain why chemists are interested in a submicroscopic description of matter. NT: E.2 TOP: Explain why chemists are interested in a submicroscopic description of matter. KEY: Submicroscopic properties MS: 1 5. NS: olor is qualitative data that relates to the five senses. orrect! Pressure is a measurable quantity, so it is quantitative data. Temperature is a measurable quantity, so it is quantitative data. Volume is a measurable quantity, so it is not qualitative data. IF: 1 REF: Page 10 OJ: ompare and contrast types of data. NT: G.2 TOP: ompare and contrast types of data. KEY: Qualitative data Quantitative data MS: 1 6. NS: Measurement of volume is numerical information. Therefore, it is quantitative data. s color is related to our senses, it is qualitative data. Odor is qualitative related to our faculty of smell. Shape is a physical characteristic, hence it is qualitative data. orrect! IF: 1 REF: Page 11

8 OJ: ompare and contrast types of data. NT: G.2 TOP: ompare and contrast types of data. KEY: Qualitative data Quantitative data MS: 1 7. NS: The attraction of objects to Earth is easy to observe. Scientists have found no exceptions. hypothesis is a tentative explanation for what has been observed. theory is an explanation that is supported by many experiments. orrect! The law of gravity is not just an observation. n observation is the act of gathering information. IF: 1 REF: Page 13 OJ: escribe the difference between a theory and a scientific law. NT: G.2 TOP: escribe the difference between a theory and a scientific law. KEY: Theory Scientific law MS: 1 8. NS: 9. NS: 10. NS: 11. NS: 12. NS: 13. NS: 14. NS: 15. NS: 16. NS: 17. NS: MTHING 18. NS: 19. NS: 20. NS:

9 21. NS: E 22. NS: 23. NS: 24. NS: 25. NS: 26. NS: 27. NS: E 28. NS: F 29. NS: 30. NS: E 31. NS: 32. NS: 33. NS: I 34. NS: J 35. NS: G 36. NS: H 37. NS: 38. NS: 39. NS: 40. NS: 41. NS: 42. NS: 43. NS: 44. NS:

10 45. NS: 46. NS: 47. NS: hapter 2 nswer Section MULTIPLE HOIE 1. NS: orrect! alculate the mass of the liquid. Subtract the mass of the bottle from the total mass of the bottle and the liquid. ensity is the mass divided by volume. IF: 2 REF: Page 28 OJ: ompare the derived units of volume and density. TOP: ompare the derived units of volume and density. MS: 3 KEY: Mass Volume ensity 2. NS: The meter is the SI base unit for length. centimeter is 1/100 of a meter. kilometer is 1000 meters. orrect! nanometer is 1/ of a meter. IF: 1 REF: Page 26 OJ: efine SI base units for time, length, mass, and temperature. NT: UP.1 TOP: efine SI base units for time, length, mass, and temperature. KEY: Meter istance Time MS: 1 3. NS: First, add the numbers and identify the value with the least number of places after the decimal point. Then, round the answer to the same number of decimal places.

11 Identify the value with the least number of significant digits. orrect! Identify the value with the least number of significant digits, not the highest. Identify the value with the least significant digits, do not ignore the decimal place. IF: 2 REF: Page 41 OJ: Use significant figures and rounding to reflect the certainty of data. NT: E.2 G.2 TOP: Use significant figures and rounding to reflect the certainty of data. KEY: Rounding rule Graph reading MS: 3 4. NS: To find the product, multiply the factors and add the exponents. dd the exponents of 10. Multiply the bases together. orrect! dd the exponents. IF: 1 REF: Page 33 OJ: Express numbers in scientific notation. NT: UP.1 TOP: Express numbers in scientific notation. KEY: Product mass calculation Scientific notation MS: 3 5. NS: 6. NS: 7. NS: 8. NS: 9. NS: 10. NS: 11. NS: 12. NS: 13. NS: OMPLETION 14. NS: placeholders

12 15. NS: significant figures 16. NS: estimated 17. NS: Non zero 18. NS: zeros 19. NS: ounting numbers 20. NS: scientific notation 21. NS: kilogram 22. NS: Significant figures 23. NS: second 24. NS: meter 25. NS: liter 26. NS: ensity

13 27. NS: IF: 1 REF: Page 26 OJ: Explain how adding a prefix changes a unit. TOP: Explain how adding a prefix changes a unit. MS: 2 NT: UP.1 KEY: Meter Kilometer entimeter MTHING 28. NS: 29. NS: 30. NS: 31. NS: 32. NS: J 33. NS: F 34. NS: I 35. NS: 36. NS: E 37. NS: 38. NS: H 39. NS: 40. NS: G 41. NS: