Physical Science B. Syllabus. Course Overview. Course Goals. General Skills

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1 Syllabus Physical Science B Course Overview Physical science is part physics and part chemistry. It s a branch of science that deals with matter, energy, forces, and motion. Energy is the capacity to do work, and a force is a push or pull on an object. In Physical Science B, you will study different forms of energy and their applications in science and industry. Additionally, you will study forces on objects and the motions they produce. Throughout the course, you will apply your reasoning skills through investigation and the principles of the scientific method. As you might expect, measurement and data collection play an important role. Course Goals By the end of this course, you will be able to do the following: Distinguish between different types of energy and cite examples of each. Understand the law of conservation of energy. Describe the three methods of heat transfer and give examples of each. Know about electric charges, forces, and fields. Explain how a circuit will behave based on its arrangement. Solve mathematical equations involving power, current, and voltage. Know the function of electromagnets, superconductors, and electric motors. Describe the properties and behavior of sound and light. Explain the relationship between speed, velocity, and acceleration. Explain Newton s laws of motion and give examples of each. Identify types of forces including gravity, tension and compression, and friction. Calculate or predict ways to influence work, power, and mechanical efficiency of a machine. Give examples of simple machines and choose the best machine for a given situation. General Skills To participate in this course, you should be able to do the following: Complete basic operations with word processing software, such as Microsoft Word or Google Docs. Perform online research using various search engines and library databases EDMENTUM, INC.

2 For a complete list of general skills that are required for participation in online courses, refer to the Prerequisites section of the Plato Student Orientation document, found at the beginning of this course. Credit Value Physical Science B is a 0.5-credit course. Course Materials Notebook Basic calculator Computer with Internet connection and speakers or headphones Microsoft Word or equivalent Course Pacing Guide This course description and pacing guide is intended to help you keep on schedule with your work. Note that your course instructor may modify the schedule to meet the specific needs of your class. Unit 1: Energy and Its Applications Summary In this unit, you will study energy and its applications. You ll investigate properties and sources of energy, heat, electricity, circuits, power consumption, magnetism, electromagnetism, and the properties and behavior of sound and light. Day Activity/Objective Type Syllabus and Plato Student Orientation Review the Plato Student Orientation and Course Syllabus at the beginning of this course. Properties and Sources of Energy Distinguish between different types of energy (kinetic/potential, gravitational/elastic potential energy, mechanical/electromagnetic). Distinguish between or identify everyday examples of different forms of energy (chemical, nuclear, electrical, sound, light and other electromagnetic waves). Differentiate between examples of energy performing work and non-work examples. Distinguish between renewable and nonrenewable energy sources and their drawbacks and benefits. Evaluate an energy transfer and choose explanations that support 2 Course Orientation

3 days: Heat the law of conservation of energy. Evaluate an example of an energy transfer and predict where changes in energy (kinetic and potential, friction, heat, etc.) occur. Predict where kinetic and potential energy will be greatest/lowest when work is performed. Predict consequences related to preserving energy resources. Distinguish between thermal energy, temperature, and heat. Distinguish between or identify examples of three methods of heat energy transfer (convection, conduction, and radiation). Discriminate between examples of states of matter based on thermal or average kinetic energy of particles. Predict ways heat can be transferred between two objects. Predict the direction and duration of heat flow between two objects. Predict the manner or direction of heat flow in a common heating, cooling or insulating system. Predict how or why the heat capacities of substances will affect the rate at which their temperature increases or decreases. Predict how the transfer of heat affects the state of a substance. Electricity, Circuits, and Power Distinguish between or identify examples of electric charges, forces, and fields. Distinguish between examples of conductors and insulators as well as static and current electricity. Distinguish between characteristics of electric currents (ohms, volts, amperage) based on their descriptions and/or units of measurement. Predict ways to increase or decrease power consumption in a circuit. Predict the outcome of varying one factor in Ohm s Law (voltage, amperage or resistance) on current flow. Predict whether a device will work or how a circuit will behave based on how a circuit is arranged (parallel, series, or combined); whether the circuit is open or closed; and whether or not fuses or circuit breakers are used. Power Consumption Apply the relationship between power, current, and voltage to determine the unknown quantity in a mathematical expression given the remaining two items. Magnetism and Electromagnetism Distinguish between or identify examples of magnetic poles, forces, and fields. Distinguish between examples of electromagnets, 3

4 superconductors, and electric motors. Predict how a compass will behave or whether or not an electric current or magnetic force will be produced based on the orientation of objects in electrical and magnetic forces/fields. Predict whether two or more magnets will attract or repel each other based on their positions Properties of Sound and Light Discriminate between examples of transverse and longitudinal waves. Distinguish between examples of wave components: wavelength, amplitude, frequency, speed, crest/trough and compression/rarefaction. Distinguish between or identify regions on the electromagnetic spectrum. Predict the effects of changing wavelength, frequency, or amplitude of waves on light or sound characteristics. Predict how waves will travel or affect the medium through which they are traveling. The Behavior of Sound and Light Identify or distinguish between examples of reflection, refraction, absorption, diffraction and transmission. Choose the correct explanation of how a specific observation can be explained by wave behavior. Determine the sequence of events or identify what happens as sound or light enters the ear and eye respectively. Predict how waves will behave under certain conditions or in transitions from one medium to another. Posttest Unit 1 Assessment Unit 2: Forces and Motion Summary In this unit, you will study concepts related to forces and motion. You ll examine frame of reference, speed, linear versus non-linear data, Newton s Laws, types of forces, work, and simple machines. Day Activity/Objective Type Motion Distinguish between or identify examples of speed, velocity and acceleration. Identify examples of acceleration and deceleration from a list of 4

5 examples. Determine the speed, time, or distance an object travels using the equation for speed when given two of the three variables. Determine an object s speed between points on a graph. Interpret graphs describing the speed of an object. Calculate the acceleration. Frame of Reference and Reference Directions Practice assigning positions and reference directions. Mathematical Expression: Speed Apply simple mathematical relationships to determine a missing quantity in a mathematical expression given the two remaining terms (including speed, density, force, and volume). Slope of a Line Recognize that the slope of the linear graph is the constant m in the relationship y=mx + b. Learn that the meaning of the slope depends on the variables involved and will apply this principle in interpreting graphs of position versus time and velocity versus time. Linear vs. Nonlinear Data Distinguish between linear and nonlinear relationships on a graph of data. Newton s Laws: Forces and Motion Distinguish between momentum and inertia. Distinguish between balanced and unbalanced forces. Determine which of Newton s three laws is illustrated by specific examples. Determine the momentum of an object if given the mass and velocity of the object, or the velocity of an object given the momentum and the mass. Use the law of conservation of momentum to predict changes in momentum when two objects collide. Apply Newton s second law to determine the force, acceleration, or mass of an object given two of three variables. Predict direction of second force in a force pair when given information about the first force in the pair. Types of Forces Know how to identify separately the two or more forces that are acting on a single static object, including gravity, elastic forces due to tension or compression in matter, and friction. 5

6 Balanced and Unbalanced Forces Given information about balanced and unbalanced forces acting on an object, predict the object s behavior. Work and Simple Machines Discriminate between examples of work and non-work. Distinguish between mechanical advantage and mechanical efficiency. Distinguish among the different types of simple machines. Calculate or predict ways to influence work and power. Predict ways to increase mechanical advantage or the efficiency of a machine. Predict which type of simple machine to use in specific situations. Posttest Unit 2 Semester Review End-of-Semester Test Assessment Assessment 6