isoil - Interactions between soil related sciences Linking geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping

Transcription

1 isoil - Interactions between soil related sciences Linking geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping

2 FP7 Collaborative project- isoil Call: ENV : Development and improvement of technologies for data collection in (digital) soil mapping isoil Project: 19 partners from 9 countries 42 months (01/06/ /11/2011) Aim: Providing techniques and recommendations for high resolution, economically feasible, and target oriented soil mapping under conditions realistic for end-users. Page 2

3 Linking different scales in isoil point field catchment landscape soil sampling ground based platform airborne platform sampling strategy Combination of the advantages of geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping to develop a fast and cost effective approach to create high-resolution soil property maps for large areas Page 3

4 WPs in isoil Page 4

5 isoil Approach Geological data Elevation data Geophysical data Sensing concept, Landscape segmention and transects Geophysical measurements such as EMI and gammaray measurements for structural and physical information Page 5

6 isoil Approach Determination of points for calibration of geophysical data Soil Sampling at discrete points Validation (Sampling) Site-specific relations between geophysical and soil parameters Map of soil parameters Derivation of Soil threats/functions Page 6

7 Outputs considered suitable for standardisation 1. isoil approach 2. Geophysical methods 3. Geophysical Pedo-Transferfunktions 4. Sampling Protocol 5. Digital Soil Mapping Approaches 6. Guidelines for mapping soil threats, soil functions and soil properties Page 7

8 Outputs considered suitable for standardisation 1. isoil approach - Expertise and tools in geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping needed - Only some used tools are daily routine tools Geological data Elevation data Geophysical data Sensing concept, Landscape segmention and transects Geophysical measurements such as EMI and gamma-ray measurements for structural and physical information - many uncertainties, site specific Approach is too complex to standardized Validation (Sampling) Determination of points for calibration of geophysical data Soil Sampling at discrete points Site-specific relations between geophysical and soil parameters Map of soil parameters Derivation of Soil threats/functions Page 8

9 Outputs considered suitable for standardisation 2. Geophysical methods Geophysical techniques are applied in numerous areas and by different users from various research disciplines. not all users are aware of the limitations and restrictions of specific methods, which can lead to misinterpretation occurring Data reproducibility for single geophysical methods is an important prerequisite enabling common interpretation of results obtained using different methods Apart from ASTM standard for application of geophysical methods no standards available High potential for standardisation Page 9

10 Outputs considered suitable for standardisation 3. Geophysical Pedo-Transferfunktions (GPFT) Geophysical Parameters (indirect) Relationship? GPTF Soil Parameters One goal of isoil is to develop an approach for identifying sitespecific or regional one-to-one links between a combination of measured geophysical quantities and soil properties. Site-specific relationsship no potential for standardisation Page 10

11 Outputs considered suitable for standardisation 4. Sampling Protocol important to set out a sampling protocol which defines where and how to take samples the sampling design. Sampling design: number as well as the location of soil sampling sites for calibration and validation should be selected based on initial geophysical surveys such as electromagnetic induction (EMI) and/or gamma spectroscopic measurements and the size of the field at the landscape scale need of sampling schemes indicating where to operate the geophysical instruments Sampling design depends not only on the size of the study area, but also on the digital soil mapping approach used and on model requirements Too complex - difficult to negotiate Page 11

12 Outputs considered suitable for standardisation 4. Digital Soil Mapping Approaches Various techniques and approaches Scientific discussion is going on Scientific application difficult to standardise Page 12

13 Outputs considered suitable for standardisation 2 1 Definition of reasons, aim, area Analyse the available data and apply appropriate method Stakeholders 4. Guidelines for mapping soil threats, soil functions and soil properties 3 Sufficient information? YES Map of risk 9 Evaluation of risk and derivation of measures? 4 NO Selection of appropriate model approach based on aim, required resolution, resources 10 YES No measures necessary/ No relevant risk Guidelines should be introduced in handbook 5 Definition of further needed data Define and apply protection measures 6 Acquisition further needed data 7 Run model Define and apply remediation YES 8 Reasonable results? (quality, spatial coverage) NO Stakeholders Page 13

14 Standardization associations Germany Professional German Association for Water and Sanitation (DWA) & German Association for Gas and Water (DVGW): about 600 rules and standards in the water sector DIN German Institute for Standardization: about rules and standards Europe European Committee for Standardization (CEN) responsible for European standards (ET) in various sectors European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization(CENELEC) European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) International International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Page 14

15 CEN Workshop Agreement The CEN Workshop is a flexible working platform open to the participation of any company or organisation, inside or outside Europe, for rapid elaboration of consensus documents. Flexible: Light procedures, Direct and voluntary participation of stakeholders, Work can start less than three months after the announcement, Participants decide on the Working arrangements Open: Open to any interested party, No geographical restrictions, A public process, Registration open until the draft CWA is mature Rapid: Reduced procedures, Few physical meetings, Working by electronic encouraged, Overall duration from 5 to 18 months CWA is developed by the participants in a CEN Workshop who are interested in developing the reference documents CWA use is purely voluntary but can serve as a basis for the development of an EN or ISO Standard CWAs are valid for 3 years and then choice to withdraw, prolongate, modify or propose standard Page 15

16 Page 16 CEN Workshop

17 Electromagnetic induction measurement (EMI) non-invasive mapping method to characterize the subsurface various areas of application Electromagnetic induction measures the apparent electrical conductivity of the subsurface, which corresponds with different soil properties such as clay content, water content, and salinity Page 17

18 Selection of EMI Application Areas Geological Mapping Geotechnical Investigation Agriculture EMI Measurements Environmental Monitoring Groundwater Protection Archeology Raw material Prospecting Page 18

19 Comparative measurements of different EM38DD Partner 1 Partner m Partner 3 Page 19

20 Comparative measurements with different EM38DD Vertical dipole device A: reproducible results device B: absolute values are lower, not reproducible, manufacturer says this is okay Page 20

21 Objective of survey Target mapping Application Area Geotechnical investigation Archaeology Raw material prospecting Anomaly 5mS/m to 1000mS/m 10mS/m to 100 ms/m 100 ms/m Each application is based on different conductivity differences Mapping Geological mapping 5mS/m to 300 ms/m Agriculture 5mS/m to 10 ms/m Monitoring Environmental monitoring 5mS/m to 50 ms/m Page 21

22 Needs for standardization of EMI Need of standardised procedures Different EMI devices based on same physical principles provide different results Different measurements with one device not always reproducable Increase of EMI application from non-geophysicists EM38DD EM31 Page 22

23 CEN Workshop for one geophysical method CEN Workshop Best Practice Approach for electromagnetic induction measurements of the near surface The overall goal of the workshop is to develop a standardized approach for electromagnetic induction measurement to ensure that results can be evaluated and processed under uniform circumstances and can be comparable. N 1.5m 10cm 1.5m 1.5m Page 23

24 CEN WS 59 Kick-off meeting- June 3, 2010 Technical meeting- June 4, 2010 Registered members: 40 Manufacturers: Geonics, Dualem, GSSI, GF Instruments Page 24

25 Participants of the CEN WS59 isoil isoil Project Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Czech University of Life Sciences Prague University of Bonn Manufacturers Manufacturers Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. GF Instruments Dualem.com Geonics Geosensors Inc. SMEs Allsat GmbH network+services -D Allied Associated Geophysical Ltd.-UK Soil Company NL Eijkelkamp-NL GGL Geophysik und Geotechnik -D Medusa Explorations NL Stakeholders Research Institutes/ Universities DIN Berlin Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Railway Technical Institute JP (CEN/TC) Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe Forschungszentrum Juelich -D Université catholique Louvain -B Potsdam University -D Universidade de Évora -Pt Ohio State University- US Aarhus University -DK Lund University-SE Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences DK University of Leicester UK Wageningen University -NL Page 25

26 June 10 KO Meeting : 3th of June 2010 in Leipzig Aug 2010 First version of the Draft CWA to WS participants for comments Sep st plenary : End of September 2010 Nov nd version of the draft CWA to WS participant for comments Dec nd plenary : Early December 2010 Examination of the comments on the second version of the Draft CWA Feb 2011 May/ June 2011 July rd version of the draft CWA to the WS participants Public comment phase : 60 days (May/June 2011) Final voting of WS participants CWA sent to the CEN-CENELEC Management Oct 2011 Centre for publication Page 26

27 Content of CWA document 1 Scope 2 Terms and definitions 3 Symbols and abbreviations 4 Review of existing standards and standards related activities and documents 5 Electromagnetic induction methods for the near surface 6 Advantages and limitation of electromagnetic induction measurements 7 Calibration 8 Stability and sensitivity evaluation of EMI devices 9 Surveying approaches 10 Best practice measurement at field site 11 Data Processing and Evaluation 12 Quality Assurance 13 Qualitative and Quantitative use of EMI data Annex A (informative) Field Protocol for EMI measurements Annex B (informative) Important Hints for Field works Important practical aspects Possible Errors Page 27

28 CWA: 2. Terms and definitions Definition of 72 EMI related terms Page 28

29 Content of CWA document 1 Scope 2 Terms and definitions 3 Symbols and abbreviations 4 Review of existing standards and standards related activities and documents 5 Electromagnetic induction methods for the near surface 6 Advantages and limitation of electromagnetic induction measurements 7 Calibration 8 Stability and sensitivity evaluation of EMI devices 9 Surveying approaches 10 Best practice measurement at field site 11 Data Processing and Evaluation 12 Quality Assurance 13 Qualitative and Quantitative use of EMI data Annex A (informative) Field Protocol for EMI measurements Annex B (informative) Important Hints for Field works Important practical aspects Possible Errors Page 29

30 CWA: Advantages and limitation of electromagnetic induction measurements Advantages Weight Depth of Exploration (DOE) Inductive Coupling Effort LIN assumption Lower environmental noise for LIN EMI devices Extended conductivity concept Limitations Provides a good overview Environmental Noise Sensitivity of EMI devices (Metallic objects and anomalies; Array length; Positioning) Instrument related problems (Nonlinerarity, Fixed coil spacing, Accuracy; Dependency of field calibration; Zero-level drift) Interpretation related problems Qualitative-qualitative-translation into soil properties Page 30

31 Content of CWA document 1 Scope 2 Terms and definitions 3 Symbols and abbreviations 4 Review of existing standards and standards related activities and documents 5 Electromagnetic induction methods for the near surface 6 Advantages and limitation of electromagnetic induction measurements 7 Calibration 8 Stability and sensitivity evaluation of EMI devices 9 Surveying approaches 10 Best practice measurement at field site 11 Data Processing and Evaluation 12 Quality Assurance 13 Qualitative and Quantitative use of EMI data Annex A (informative) Field Protocol for EMI measurements Annex B (informative) Important Hints for Field works Important practical aspects Possible Errors Page 31

32 Page 32 Best practice approach for EMI measurements at field site

33 Page 33 Flow chart for EMI data processing in mapping application

34 Outcome of the CEN-WS 59 CWA will be published within the next month How do isoil benefit from this CWA? CWA can be included in further standardization processes at CEN or DIN Establishment of cooperations with different WS members and DIN Berlin Page 34

35 For further information see or contact isoil-interactions between soil related sciences Linking geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping is a Collaborative Project (Grant Agreement number ) co-funded by the Research DG of the European Commission within the RTD activities of the FP7 Thematic Priority Environment. Page 35