PROCEEDINGS. January 22-24,1996 TWENTY-FIRST WORKSHOP GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR ENGINEERING. Stanford Geothermal Program Workshop Report SGP-TR-151

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1 PROCEEDINGS TWENTY-FIRST WORKSHOP GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR ENGINEERING January 22-24,1996 UNIVERSITATSBIBLIOTHEK HANNOVER TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK Stanford Geothermal Program Workshop Report SGP-TR-151 3

2 in TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE i X OVERVIEW: D.O.E.'s Geothermal Division: A Period of Transition. A. J. Jelacic and M. Reed 1 Geothermal Reservoir Technology Research at the D.O.E. Idaho Operations Office. R. J. Creed. 5 Information Systems and Technology Transfer Programs on Geothermal Energy and Other Renewable Sources of Energy. M. J. Lippmann and E. U. Antunez 9 RESERVOIR ASSESSMENT: A Reservoir Engineering Assessment of the San Jacinto-Tizate Geothermal Field, Nicaragua. 5. Ostapenko, S. Spektor, H. Davila, E. Porras and M. Perez 21 Hydrothermal Model of the Momotombo Geothermal System, Nicaragua. M. P. Verma, E. Martinez, M. Sanchez, K. Miranda, J. Y. Gerardo and L. Araguas 29 I/S and C/S Mixed Layers, Some Indicators of Recent Physical-Chemical Changes in Active Geothermal Systems: The Case Study of Chipilapa (El Salvador). D. Beaufort, P. Papapanagiotou, P. Patrier, A. M. Fouillac and H. Traineau 35 Natural Analogs for Enhanced Heat Recovery from Geothermal Systems. D. L Nielson 43 Exploration of Ulumbu Geothermal Field, Flores-East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. D. Sulasdi 51 A Study of Electrical Generating Capacities of Self-Discharging Slim Holes. J. W. Pritchett 55 Structural Interpretation of the Kakkonda Deep Geothermal Reservoir. O. Kobayashi, N. Arihara and M. Hanano 67 Altheim Geothermal Plant for Electricity Production by Organic Rankine Cycle Turbogenerator. G. Pernecker and J. Ruhland. 73 Structural Control is a Strategy for Exploitation Well at Kamojang Geothermal Field, West Java, Indonesia. D. Hantono, A. Mulyono and A. Hasibuan 79 Classification of Geothermal Resources - An Engineering Approach. K. C.Lee 85 Isotopic Changes in the Fluids of the Cerro Prieto P Reservoir. M. P. Verma, L. Quijano, H. Gutierrez Puente, E. Iglesias and A. Truesdell 93 Simulation Studies for Wells AH-4bis/AH-17 and AH-18, Ahuachapan Geothermal Field. M. E. Monterrosa 101 MODELING: Numerical Investigation of Pressure Transient Responses of a Well Penetrating a Deep Geothermal Reservoir at Super-Critical Conditions. Y. YanoandT. Ishido 107 Laboratory Studies of Injection into Horizontal Fractures. 5. D. Fitzgerald, K. Pruess and D. M. van Rappard 113

3 MODELING: Thermal Consolidation in a Vapor-Dominated Reservoir. C. K. Lee and M. N. Toksoz 119 Reinjected Water Return at Miravalles Geothermal Reservoir, Costa Rica: Numerical Modeling and Observations. M. Parini, J. A. Acuna and M. Laudiano 127 TOUGH2/PC Application Simulation Project for Heber Geothermal Field, California, A Progress Report. T. S. Boardman, M. A. Khan and E. Antunez 135 Numerical Simulation of Electrokinetic Potentials Associated with Subsurface Fluid Flow. T. Ishido and]. W. Pritchett 143 Simple Numerical Simulation for Liquid Dominated Geothermal Reservoirs. D. Wintolo, Sutrisno, Sudjatmiko and S. Sudarman 151 Non-Linear Flow Transients in Fractured Rock Masses: The 1995 Injection Experiment in Soultz. T. Kohl, R. Jung, R. J. Hopkirk and L. Rybach 157 Simulating the Effects of Adsorption and Capillary Forces in Geothermal Reservoirs. R. B. Sta. Maria and A. S. Pingol 165 Some Aspects of Steam-Water Flow Simulation in Geothermal Wells. A. N. Shulyupin 175 Some Mismatches Occurred when Simulating Fractured Reservoirs as Homogeneous Porous Media. M. Cesar Suarez A., F. Samaniego V. and F. Rodriguez 179 GEOLOGY/GEOCHEMISTRY: Integrated Mineralogical and Fluid Inclusion Study of the Coso Geothermal System, California. 5. J. Lutz, J. N. Moore and J. F. Copp 187 Proposed Empirical Gas Geothermometer Using a Multidimensional Approach. Supranto, Sudjatmiko, B. Toha, D. Wintolo and I. Alhamid 195 The Aqueous Chemistry of Aluminum - A New Approach to High Temperature Solubility Measurements. D. A. Palmer, D. J. Wesolowski and P. Benezeth 201 Fracture Permeability in the Matalibong-25 Corehole, Tiwi Geothermal Field, Philippines. D. L. Nielson, W. C. Clemente, J. N. Moore and T. S. Powell 209 Modeling Chloride and CO 2 Chemistry at the Wairakei Geothermal Field, New Zealand. W. M. Kissling, S. P. White, M. J. O'Sullivan, D. P. Bullivant and K. L. Brown 217 Vapor-Dominated Fields: Fluid Reserves and Geothermometry. M. A. Grant, W. T. Irwin and R. F. Ibrahim 225 Gaseous Species in Fluid Inclusions: A Tracer of Fluids and Indicator of Fluid Processes. D. I. Norman, J. N. Moore, B. Yonaka and J. Musgrave 233 Hydrothermal Surface Alteration in the Copahue Geothermal Field (Argentina). G. R. Mas, L. C. Mas and L. Bengochea 241 Hydrocarbon Anomaly in Soil Gas as Near-Surface Expressions of Upflows and Outflows in Geothermal Systems. H. L. Ong, M. Higashihara, R. W. Klusman, K. J. Voorhees, R. Pudjianto and J. Ong 247

4 FRACTURE MODELING/HOT DRY ROCK: Analysis of the Pressure Response of High Angle Multiple (HAM) Fractures Intersecting a Wellbore. 5. Ujo, K. Osato, R. C. Schroeder and N. Arihara 259 The European HDR Project at Soultz Sous Forets: Stimulation of the Second Deep Well and First Circulation Experiments. J. Baumgartner, R. Jung, A. Gerard, R. Baria and J. Garnish 267 Overview of the Hijiori Shallow Reservoir Circulation Tests and Reservoir Fluid Storage Analysis. T. Shiga, M. Hyodo, S. Takasugi, C. A. Wright and R. A. Conant 275 Experimental Verification of the Load-Following Potential of a Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Reservoir. D. Brown 281 Insight from Modeling Discrete Fractures Using GEOCRACK. R. DuTeaux, D. Swenson and B. Hardeman 287 Interference of Production between Two Wells during a One Month Circulation Test at the Hijiori Hot Dry Rock Test Site. N. Tenma, T. Yamaguchi, I. Matsunaga, M. Kuriyagawa and Y. Sato 295 Reservoir Investigations on the Hot Dry Rock Geothermal System, Fenton Hill, New Mexico: Tracer Test Results. T. J. Callahan 299 GEOSCIENCE: A Study of Relative Permeability for Steam-Water Flow in Porous Media. W. Ambusso, C. Satik and R. N. Home 305 Physical Properties of Preserved Core from The Geysers Scientific Corehole, SB-15D. J. J. Roberts, B. P. Bonner, A. G. Duba and D. L. Schneberk 313 A Study of the Propagation of Compression Waves in Porous Medium Filled with Steam. Sutrisno, D. Wintolo, S. Kamal and S. Sudarman 319 Hydrologic Characterization of Four Cores from The Geysers Coring Project. P. PersoffandJ. B. Hulen 327 The Thermal Conductivity of Rock Under Hydrothermal Conditions: Measurements and Applications. C. F. Williams and J. H. Sass 335 Permeability, Electrical Impedance, and Acoustic Velocities on Reservoir Rocks from The Geysers Geothermal Field. G. N. Boitnott and P. J. Boyd 343 CT Imaging of Two-Phase Flow in Fractured Porous Media. R. G. Hughes, W. E. Brigham and L. M. Castanier. 351 Source Mechanisms of Microearthquakes at the Southeast Geysers Geothermal Field, California. A. Kirkpatrick, J. E. Peterson, Jr., and E. L. Majer 359 Electroosmosis Effect on Micropermeability through Rock Samples. G. Touchard, T. Paillat, D. Beaufort and S. Watanabe 367 Permeability Decrease in Argillaceous Sandstone: Experiments and Modeling. P. Egberts, L. van Soest and J.-F. Vernoux. 375

5 Low ENTHALPY/ENVIRONMENTAL: Heat Pump Assisted Geothermal Heating System for Felix Spa, Romania. M. Rosca and T. Maghiar 383 Environmental Impact of Landfill Disposal of Selected Geothermal Residues. G. L. Peralta, J. W. Graydon, P. L. Seyfried and D. W. Kirk. 391 INJECTION: Interpretation of the Return Profile of a Tracer Test in the Thelamork Geothermal Field, Iceland. /. Kocabas, G. Axelsson and G. Bjornsson 399 Pressure-Transient Behavior during Cold Water Injection. 5. NakaoandT. Ishido 407 Injection Plume Behavior in Fractured, Vapor-Dominated Reservoirs. K.Pruess 413 The Effects of Heat Conduction on the Vaporization of Liquid Invading Superheated Permeable Rock. A. W. Woods and S. D. Fitzgerald. 421 WELL TEST/DRILLING: Interpretation of Interference Effects in Three Production Wells in the Kawerau Geothermal Field, New Zealand. L. Stevens and K. J. Koorey 427 Preliminary Analysis of the Use of Electrical Resistance Tomography for Injectate Tracking at The Geysers Geothermal Field. R. J. Creed and W. Daily 433 New Mechanisms of Rock-Bit Wear in Geothermal Wells. P. Macini. 441 Analysis of Pressure Interference Tests for Well S-4 and Slim Hole KY-1: Sumikawa Geothermal Field, Japan. S. K. Garg and L. A. Owusu 449 Transient Analysis of the 1991 Hijiori Shallow Reservoir Circulation Test. M. Hyodo, N. Shinohara, S. Takasugi, C. A. Wright and R. A. Conant. 461 ADSORPTION/STIMULATION Adsorption Characteristics of Rocks from Vapor-Dominated Geothermal Reservoirs at The Geysers, CA. C. Satik, M. Walters and R. N. Home 469 Measurements of Water Vapor Adsorption on The Geysers Rocks. M. S. Gruszkiewicz, J. Horita, J. M. Simonson and R. E. Mesmer. 481 Stimulation of Well SN-12 in the Seltjarnames Low-Temperature Field in SW-Iceland. H. Tulinius, G. Axelsson, J. Tomasson, H. Kristmannsdottir and A. Gudmundsson 489

6 Vll PAPERS FOR PUBLICATION ONLY: Free-Convective Flow of Fluid in a Thin Porous Contour and Geothermal Anomalies. Kh. G. Magomedbekov, M. M. Ramazanov and M. V. Vagabov 497 Chemical Hydrofracturing of the Hot Dry Rock Reservoir. L. Yakovlev 501 Sustainable Development of Geothermal Fields in the Pannonian Basin - A Case Study. D. Panu, H. Mitrofan and V. Serbu 507 Geothermal Field's Interaction with Geophysical Fields of Another Nature. O. B. Novik, I. B. Mikhailovskaya, D. G. Repin and S. V. Yershov 515 High Temperature Adsorption Measurements. R. Bertani, L. Parisi, R. Perini and B. Tarquini 523 Utilization Possibilities of Geothermal Energy in Lithuania. F. Zinevicius, J. Karbauskaite and V. Makarevicius 531 Kamchatka Geothermal Resources Development: Problems and Perspectives. R. I Pashkevich 539 Results and Interpretations of Hot and Cold Water Injection Experiments on Pauzhetka Water-Dominated Geothermal Field in Kamchatka. R. I. Pashkevich 543 Pressure Build-Up in Geothermal Reinjection Wells. P-G Aim 549 Fiji Geothermal Resource Assessment and Development Programme. R. K.Autar 557 Geothermal Reservoir at Tatapani Geothermal Field, Surguja District, Madhya Pradesh, India. U. L. Pitale, P. B. Sarolkar, H. S. Rawat and S. N. Shukla 565 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 573 SUBJECT INDEX AUTHOR INDEX i