VERY DISTRUCTIVE DISEASE SOIL BORNE WITH LONGLIFE SURVIVAL SPORES (CHLAMIDOSPORES) COMPLETELY CONTROL METHOD IS NOT YET AVAILABLE

Transcription

1 INDUCED RESISTANCE OF BANANA AGAINST FUSARIUM WILT CHRISTANTI SUMARDIYONO DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PHYTOPATHOLOGY FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE UGM

2 VERY DISTRUCTIVE DISEASE SOIL BORNE WITH LONGLIFE SURVIVAL SPORES (CHLAMIDOSPORES) COMPLETELY CONTROL METHOD IS NOT YET AVAILABLE

3 FUSARIUM WILT OF BANANA

4 HEAVY INFECTED SUSCEPTIBLE PLANTS

5 INDUCED RESISTANCE INDUCED RESISTANCE = PRE TREATMENT WITH INDUCERS TO GET MORE RESISTANCE PLANTS MORE FRIENDLY TO THE ENVIRONMENT COMPARED WITH PESTICIDES APPLICATION

6 T HIS REVIEW WILL DISCUSS SEVERAL RESEARCH STUDIES RESULTS OF FUSARIUM WILT CONTROL USING INDUCED RESISTANCE. PROSPECTIVE INDUCER THAT CAN REDUCED DISEASE DEVELOPMENT.

7 FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS ISOLATED FROM Mimosa invisa RHIZOSPHERE INHIBITOR OF SPORES GERMINATION AND RESISTANCE INDUCER

8 INJECTED BANANA SEEDLING STEM WITH (25ml ) OF EXTRACELLULAIR PROTEIN OF FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS REDUCED DISEASE INTENSITY RESISTANCE INDICATOR : SALISYLIC ACID CONTENT IN PSEUDOSTEM INCREASED AT 2 WEEKS, 4 WEEKS AND 5 WEEKS AFTER TREATMENTS (TABLE1)

9 TABLE 1. SALICYLIC ACID CONTENT IN PSEUDOSTEM STEM OF BANANA SEEDLING AFTER INJECTED WITH EXTRACELULAIR PROTEIN OF Pseudomonas fluorescens (ppb) TREATMENT 2 WEEKS 4 WEEKS 5 WEEKS DISEASE INT(%) INJECTED CONTROL CONTROL Asi (2000).

10 FLUORESCENTS PSEUDOMONADS FILTRATE CULTURE INHIBITED SPORE GERMINATION OF FOC TABLE 2. INFLUENCE OF FILTRATE CULTURE (EXTRACELLULAIR METABOLITE) OF FLUORESCENT MICROCONIDIUM GERMINATION (%) PSEUDOMONADS TO HOURS CONTROL PD KB PF 217 IN PD PF B1 IN PD PF 217 IN KB PF B1 INKB SURYANI, 2003 PF 217 AND PF B1 KB MEDIUM ABSOLUTELY INHIBITED MICROCONIDIUM GERMINATION (0-12 HOURS)

11 TABLE 3. INFLUENCE OF EXTRACELLULAIR METABOLITES OF FILTRATE CULTURE OF FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS TO CHLAMIDOSPORES GERMINATION (%) HOURS CONTROL PD KB PF 217 IN PD PF 217 IN KB PF B1 IN PD PF B1 IN KB SURYANI, 2003

12 THIS RESULTS INDICATED THAT FLUORESCEN T PSEUDOMONADS PRODUCED METABOLITES THAT INHIBITE MICROCONIDIUM AND CHLAMIDOSPORES GERMINATION, AND CAUSED REDUCING OF DISEASE INTENSITY PERCENTAGE OF WILTING LEAVES WAS DECREASED AND INCUBATION PERIODE WAS DELAYED

13 INFLUENCE OF FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF WILTING LEAVES OF BANANA SEEDLING (%) TABLE 4. INFLUENCE OF FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS CULTURE (10 8 / / ml ) ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF WILTING LEAVES OF BANANA SEEDLING (%) ADDED BACTERI CULTURE DOSES 1 WEEK AFTER INOC. 2 WEEKS AFTER INOC. 3 WEEKS AFTER INC. 4 WEEKS AFTER INOC. PF ml/plant PF ml/plant PF ml /plant PF B1 10 ml /plant PF B1 20 ml / plant PF B1 30 ml /plant CONTROL CONTROL WILTING LEAVES OF BANANA SEEDLING TREATED WITH FLUORESENT PSEUDOMONADS PF B1 30 ml /PLANT IS LOWEST THAN OTHER TREATMENTS (SURYANI, 2003)

14 NONPATHOGENIC FUSARIUM SPP. DEEPING BANANA SEEDLING WITH SPORES SUSPENSION OF NONPATHOGENIC FUSARIUM SPP (10 6 MICROCONIDIUM / ml) INDUCED SUSCEPTIBLE BANANA SEEDLING TO BE MORE TOLERANT AT 6 WEEKS AFTER TREATMENT. THE PERCENTAGE OF WILTING LEAVES REDUCED FROM 76.8 TO 15.8% % (WIDIASTUTI, 2000).

15 FIELD EXPERIMENT FIELD EXPERIMENT SHOWED THERE WERE ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT BETWEEN FLUORESCENTS PSEUDOMONADS AND NONPPATHOGENIC FUSARIUM SPP. 1. BANANA SEEDLING + 50 g COMPOST + 50 ml FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS CULTURE- FILTRATE --- INKUBATED FOR 2 WEEKS---- PLANTED INTO INFECTED FIELD---- REDUCED DISEASE INTENSITY OF PLANT MORE THAN 2. BANANA SEEDLING + 25 ml NONPATHOGENIC FUSARIUM SPP ml FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS CULTURE FILTRAT (MUSLIKHAH, 2007) 3. BANANA PLANT + 1 KG COMPOST ENRICHED WITH FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS IS BETTER THAN IN COMPOST + FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONAD AND NONPATHOGENIC FUSARIUM SPP.

16 FLUORESENT PSEUDOMONADS ANTAGONISTIC AGAINST NONPATHOGENIC FUSARIUM SPP. IN VITRO

17 ANTAGONISTIC OF NONPATHOGENIC FUSARIUM SPP. X FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS IN VITRO A B NONPATHOGENIC FUSARIUM SPP. COLONIES ON PDA MEDIUM A. ISOLATED FROM COMPOST + FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS 25 ml (10 14 cfu/20 kg) B. ISOLATED FROM COMPOST + NONPATHOGENIC FUSARIUM SPP. + FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS (10 14 cfu/20 kg) FLUORESCENT PSUDOMONADS REDUCED FUSARIUM SPP COLONIES

18 FUSARIC ACID= FOC TOXIN BANANA PLANLETS INDUCED WITH FUSARIC ACID REDUCED DISEASE INTENSITY OF BANANA PLANTS IN HEAVY INFECTED FIELD. BUT THE PLANTS DID NT GROW WELL ALTHOUGH ITS WERE FERTILIZED WITH LOW DOSES OF COMPOST AND NPK FERTILIZER (SURYANTI et al., 2009; SUMARDIYONO et al., 2010)

19 INDUCED PLANLETS WITH FUSARIC ACID

20 INDUCED RESISTANCE OF BANANA PLANTS FROM TREATED PLANLETS WITH FUSARIC ACID (FA) TABLE 6. INDUCED RESISTANCE OF BANANA PLANTS FROM INDUCED PLANLETS WITH FUSARIC ACID (FA) FA CONCENTRATION (ppm) WILTING LEAVES (%) LEVEL OF RESISTANCE = CONTROL SUSCEPTIBLE 1.2 = 1/8 LC RESISTANCE 2.3 = ¼ LC MODERAT 4.7 = ½ LC MODERAT 9.3 = LC MODERAT

21 PERFORMANCE OF BANANA PLANT IN FIELD EXPERIMENT AFTER PLANTED IN HEAVY INFECTED FIELD THE PLANT CANNOT GROW WELL.

22

23 Induced with 4.66 ppm fusaric acid( ( Sumardiyono et al., 2010)

24 BANANA PLANT INDUCED WITH 4.7 PPM FUSARIC ACID (MODERAT) ALSO CANNOT GROWTH WELL (15 MONTH OLD) ( SUMARDIYONO et al., 2010)

25 CONCLUSIONS 1. FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS, NONPATHOGENIC FUSARIUM SPP. (IN PLANTA) ), AND FUSARIC ACID IN PLANLET ARE PROSPECTIVE RESISTANCE INDUCER FOR FUSARIUM WILT OF BANANA SEEDLING 2. IN FIELD CONDITION IT WAS SUGGESTED THAT DISEASE MANAGEMENT MUST BE FOLLOWED BY PLANT HEALTH MANAGEMENT i. e. COMPOST AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZER

26