Case Study Nanoparticle Containment

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Case Study Nanoparticle Containment"

Francine Francis
5 years ago
Views:

1 Case Study Nanoparticle Containment Dennis Ford Staff Engineer / Laser Safety Officer Abbott Vascular 1

2 Agenda Background Toxicology Measurement Systems Data Analysis Mitigation End Results 2

3 Agenda Background Toxicology Measurement Systems Data Analysis Mitigation End Results 5/07 - Became LSO 7/07 - Attended LSO Workshop 3

4 Agenda Background Toxicology Measurement Systems Data Analysis Mitigation End Results 5/07 - Became LSO 7/07 - Attended LSO Workshop 4

5 Agenda Background Toxicology Measurement Systems Data Analysis Mitigation End Results 5/07 - Became LSO 7/07 - Attended LSO Workshop Why worry about nanoparticles? 5

6 Size, Shape, and Surface Area Matters 6

7 Size, Shape, and Surface Area Matters 7

8 Size, Shape, and Surface Area Matters 8

9 Size, Shape, and Surface Area Matters Oberdörster, Günter; Oberdörster, Eva; Oberdörster, Jan. Concepts of Nanoparticle Dose Metric and Response Metric 9

10 Size, Shape, and Surface Area Matters Oberdörster, Günter; Oberdörster, Eva; Oberdörster, Jan. Concepts of Nanoparticle Dose Metric and Response Metric Bullis, Kevin. Shape Matters for Nanoparticle: Particles the size and shape of bacteria could more effectively deliver medicine to cells. 10

11 Toxicology National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 1.5 mg/m 3 for fine TiO 2 (diameter greater than 100 nm) 0.1 mg/m 3 for ultrafine TiO 2 particles (diameter less than 100 nm) 11

12 Toxicology National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 1.5 mg/m 3 for fine TiO 2 (diameter greater than 100 nm) 0.1 mg/m 3 for ultrafine TiO 2 particles (diameter less than 100 nm) British Standards Institute benchmark level of WEL (workplace exposure limit) urban UK pollution is 20,000 to 50,000 particles/ml lower end of this range 20,000 particles/ml discriminated from the ambient environmental particle concentration is an appropriate benchmark 12

13 Toxicology National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 1.5 mg/m 3 for fine TiO 2 (diameter greater than 100 nm) 0.1 mg/m 3 for ultrafine TiO 2 particles (diameter less than 100 nm) British Standards Institute benchmark level of WEL (workplace exposure limit) urban UK pollution is 20,000 to 50,000 particles/ml lower end of this range 20,000 particles/ml discriminated from the ambient environmental particle concentration is an appropriate benchmark Institute of Occupational Medicine particle surface area is the most appropriate metric for assessment of inhalation exposure to nanoparticles 13

14 Instrument Comparison PMS Nano-ID TSI SMPS 3936L75 TSI AeroTrak 9000 Mass Number Surface area Mass & SA by calc. 1 nm 35 µm 10 nm 1 µm nm Samples saved for later analysis Real-time Size distribution Real-time Abbott Vascular chose these machines based on availability for evaluation. The machines were loaned to Abbott Vascular for the purposes of completing these tests. Abbott Vascular would like to thank both Particle Measuring Systems and TSI for their generous support. Abbott Vascular makes no recommendation regarding the applicability of these machines to any measurement. 14

15 Instrument Comparison PMS Nano-ID TSI SMPS 3936L75 TSI AeroTrak 9000 Mass Number Surface area Mass & SA by calc. 1 nm 35 µm 10 nm 1 µm nm Samples saved for later analysis Real-time Size distribution Real-time Abbott Vascular chose these machines based on availability for evaluation. The machines were loaned to Abbott Vascular for the purposes of completing these tests. Abbott Vascular would like to thank both Particle Measuring Systems and TSI for their generous support. Abbott Vascular makes no recommendation regarding the applicability of these machines to any measurement. 15

16 Particle Measuring Systems Nano-ID 1 nm - 35 µm Collects samples onto 7 glass slides and 5 nylon filters for later analysis 16

17 Particle Measuring Systems Nano-ID Analysis: Optical Microscope 7.86 µm 17

18 Particle Measuring Systems Nano-ID Analysis: Scanning Electron Microscope 18

19 Particle Measuring Systems Nano-ID Analysis: Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy Counts Ta O 7.86 µm 10 0 C W Na Ta Nb Pd Ca Pd Ca Au Ta Ta Ta Energy(keV) 19

20 Instrument Comparison PMS Nano-ID TSI SMPS 3936L75 TSI AeroTrak 9000 Mass Number Surface area Mass & SA by calc. 1 nm 35 µm 10 nm 1 µm nm Samples saved for later analysis Real-time Size distribution Real-time Abbott Vascular chose these machines based on availability for evaluation. The machines were loaned to Abbott Vascular for the purposes of completing these tests. Abbott Vascular would like to thank both Particle Measuring Systems and TSI for their generous support. Abbott Vascular makes no recommendation regarding the applicability of these machines to any measurement. 20

21 TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer 3936L75 Provides complete size distributions in 16 seconds Broad size range from 2.5 nm to 1,000 nm 21

22 TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer 3936L75 Particle size distribution at engineering cubicle Particle Count by Size 2,500 Count (Particles/cm3) 2,000 1,500 1, Cube Diameter (nm) 22

23 TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer 3936L75 Particle size distribution at engineering cubicle and outside lab Particle Count by Size 25,000 Count (Particles/cm3) 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 Cube Outside Lab Diameter (nm) 23

24 TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer 3936L75 Particle size distribution at engineering cubicle, outside lab and near operator Particle Count by Size 250,000 Count (Particles/cm3) 200, , ,000 50,000 Cube Outside Lab Operator Diameter (nm) 24

25 TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer 3936L75 Particle size distribution at engineering cubicle, outside lab, near operator and at process head while cutting metal. Particle Count by Size 2,500,000 Count (Particles/cm3) 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000, ,000 Cube Outside Lab Operator Laser Metal Diameter (nm) 25

26 TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer 3936L75 Particle size distribution at engineering cubicle, outside lab, near operator and at process head while cutting plastic. Particle Count by Size 2,500,000 Count (Particles/cm3) 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000, ,000 Cube Outside Lab Operator Laser Plastic Diameter (nm) 26

27 TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer 3936L75 Particle size distribution at engineering cubicle, outside lab, near operator and at process head while cutting plastic. Particle Count by Size 70,000,000 60,000,000 Count (Particles/cm3) 50,000,000 40,000,000 30,000,000 20,000,000 10,000,000 Cube Outside Lab Operator Laser Plastic Diameter (nm) 27

28 TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer 3936L75 Summary of data taken with TSI 3936 BSI benchmark: 20,000 particles/ml pollution index BSI WEL for metal tested: x 5 mg/m 3 = 330 µg/m 3 No available WEL for plastic tested Total Nanoparticle Count (Log) 1.E+08 1.E+06 1.E+04 1.E+02 1.E+00 Cubicle Outside Lab Operator Laser Metal Laser Plastic Nanoparticle Count (#/cm³) Low Urban Pollution High Urban Pollution 28

29 Instrument Comparison PMS Nano-ID TSI SMPS 3936L75 TSI AeroTrak 9000 Mass Number Surface area Mass & SA by calc. 1 nm 35 µm 10 nm 1 µm nm Samples saved for later analysis Real-time Size distribution Real-time Abbott Vascular chose these machines based on availability for evaluation. The machines were loaned to Abbott Vascular for the purposes of completing these tests. Abbott Vascular would like to thank both Particle Measuring Systems and TSI for their generous support. Abbott Vascular makes no recommendation regarding the applicability of these machines to any measurement. 29

30 TSI AeroTrak nm nm Provides real-time surface area deposition in alveolar or tracheobronchial regions of respiratory system 30

31 TSI AeroTrak 9000 Average deposited surface area over five minutes at cube, outside lab, operator and laser for both metal and plastic samples. AeroTrak 9000 Summary (Log) Deposited Surface Area (µm²/cc) Average Cubicle Outside Lab Operator Laser Metal Laser Plastic 31

32 TSI AeroTrak 9000 Deposited surface area over time at cube, outside lab, operator and laser for both metal and plastic samples AeroTrak 9000 (Semilog) Laser Metal Fumex Exhaust, Metal Deposited Surface Area (µm²/cc) :00:00 0:05:00 0:10:00 0:15:00 0:20:00 Operator Ouside Lab Cubicle 0.1 Laser Plastic 0.01 Time (hh:mm:ss) 32

33 Toxicology National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 1.5 mg/m 3 for fine TiO 2 (diameter greater than 100 nm) 0.1 mg/m 3 for ultrafine TiO 2 particles (diameter less than 100 nm) British Standards Institute benchmark level of WEL (workplace exposure limit) urban UK pollution is 20,000 to 50,000 particles/ml lower end of this range 20,000 particles/ml discriminated from the ambient environmental particle concentration is an appropriate benchmark Institute of Occupational Medicine particle surface area is the most appropriate metric for assessment of inhalation exposure to nanoparticles 33

34 Conclusions, are our people safe? Three data sets taken: Particle count - high, but toxicologists tell us particle count is the least indicative of hazard. Mass- Within Work Exposure Limit for metals. Plastic used is considered non toxic and has no WEL Surface Area WEL not yet set for either material tested. ALARA recommended. As Low As Reasonably Achievable Nanoparticle toxicology is just now being investigated. As a result, WEL numbers are not yet available. The ALARA approach is often used in circumstances where the effects of exposure are not fully known. Are our people safe? Data taken after mitigations should answer that question. 34

35 Recommendations Based on Results Safety mechanism for proper operation of Fumex filter unit Enclosure of laser systems in R&D lab Bag in / bag out filter system Exhaust interlocked 35

36 TSI AeroTrak 9000 Average deposited surface area over five minutes at cube, outside lab, operator, laser and after filter system for plastic sample both before and after mitigations in place. AeroTrak 9000 Summary (Log) Deposited Surface Area (µm²/cc) Before After Cubicle Outside Lab Operator Laser Plastic After Filter 36

37 Conclusions, are our people safe? Surface area measurements chosen at recommendation of toxicology. Operators exposed to less surface area than found in background. In fact, readings were so low that they were questioned. The measurement at the laser was recreated to verify the measurement system was working correctly. Are our people being exposed to nanoparticles? Data indicates AV operators are exposed to fewer nanoparticles at work than then at home. 37

38 Acknowledgments Abbott EH&S Temecula ENGINEERING INTERN Jammie Peng Henry Robles, Staff Coordinator EH&S Gary Goltara, Manager Jeffery Shanley, Staff Coordinator EH&S Santa Clara Presley Millare, Staff Coordinator EH&S Mark Wright, DLSO 38

MEASURING NANOPARTICLE EXPOSURE

MEASURING NANOPARTICLE EXPOSURE APPLICATION NOTE NSAM-001 The Nanoparticle Surface Area Monitor reports the surface area of inhaled particles deposited in the lung Nanoparticle Exposure There is increasing