Alkanes Worksheet and Key
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1 Alkanes Worksheet and Key 1. Answer the following. a. What is the general formula for a noncyclic alkane? C?? b. If a noncyclic alkane contains 15 carbon atoms, how many hydrogen atoms does it contain? 2. Draw the line bond structures of following types of hydrocarbons using four carbon atoms: a. two noncyclic alkanes b. two cycloalkanes 3. Give the molecular formula, the line bond structural formula, the condensed structural formula, and the skeletal formula for pentane. Molecular formula: Condensed structural formula: 4. Give the molecular formula, the line bond structural formula, the condensed structural formula, and the skeletal formula for octane. Molecular formula:
2 Condensed structural formula: 5. Give the molecular formula, the line bond structural formula, the condensed structural formula, and the skeletal formula for 4-ethyl-2,3-dimethylheptane. Molecular formula: Condensed structural formula: 6. Give the molecular formula, the line bond structural formula, the condensed structural formula, and the skeletal formula for 3,3-diethyloctane. Molecular formula:
3 Condensed structural formula: 7. What is the systematic name for the following structure? 8. What is the systematic name for the following structure? 9. There are 18 different alkane molecules that all have the molecular formula C Molecules with the same molecular formula, but different atomic connections (structural formulas) are called "constitutional isomers". See how many different alkanes, all with the same formula (C 8 18 ) that you can draw. After you draw them, write their names. You can draw line bond, condensed, or skeletal structures (the key shows skeletal structures).
4 Alkanes Worksheet Key 1. Answer the following. a. What is the general formula for a noncyclic alkane? C n 2n+2 b. If a noncyclic contains 15 carbon atoms, how many hydrogen atoms does it contain? Draw the line bond structures of following types of hydrocarbons using four carbon atoms: a. two noncyclic alkanes C C C C b. two cycloalkanes C C C C 3. Give the molecular formula, the line bond structural formula, the condensed structural formula, and the skeletal structure for pentane. Molecular formula: C 5 12 C C C C C Condensed structural formula: C 3 C 2 C 2 C 2 C 3
5 4. Give the molecular formula, the line bond structural formula, the condensed structural formula, and the skeletal formula for octane. Molecular formula: C 8 18 C C C C C C C C Condensed structural formula: C 3 C 2 C 2 C 2 C 2 C 2 C 2 C 3 5. Give the molecular formula, the line bond structural formula, the condensed structural formula, and the skeletal formula for 4-ethyl-2,3-dimethylheptane. Molecular formula: C Condensed structural formula: C 3 C 2 C 3 C 3 CCCC 2 C 2 C 3 C 3
6 6. Give the molecular formula, the line bond structural formula, the condensed structural formula, and the skeletal formula for 3,3-diethyloctane. Molecular formula: C Condensed structural formula: C 2 C 3 C 3 C 2 CC 2 C 2 C 2 C 2 C 3 C 2 C 3 7. What is the systematic name for the following structure? 2-methylbutane
7 8. What is the systematic name for the following structure? octane 3,4,4-trimethylheptane 9. There are 18 different alkane molecules that all have the molecular formula C Molecules with the same molecular formula, but different atomic connections (structural formulas) are called "constitutional isomers". See how many different alkanes, all with the same formula (C 8 18 ) that you can draw. After you draw them, write their names. You can draw line bond, condensed, or skeletal structures (the key shows skeletal structures). 2-methylheptane 3-methylheptane 4-methylheptane 2,2-dimethylhexane 2,3-dimethylhexane Continued on next page
8 2,4-dimethylhexane 2,3,3-trimethylpentane 2,5-dimethylhexane 2,3,3-trimethylpentane 3,3-dimethylhexane 3,4-dimethylhexane 3-ethylhexane 2,2,3-trimethylpentane 2,2,4-trimethylpentane
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