Ch. 2 BASIC CHEMISTRY. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
|
|
- Merryl Austin
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Ch. 2 BASIC CHEMISTRY
2 Matter and Composition of Matter Definition: Anything that has mass and occupies space Matter is made up of elements An element cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means Atoms - are unique building blocks for each element
3 Atomic Structure Neutrons No charge, In atomic nucleus Mass = 1 atomic mass unit (amu) Protons Positive charge,in atomic nucleus Mass = 1 amu
4 Atomic Structure Electrons Negative charge,orbit nucleus Mass = 0 amu Equal in number to protons in atom
5 Nucleus Nucleus Helium atom Helium atom Proton Neutron Electron Electron cloud Figure 2.1
6 Energy Definition: Capacity to do work or put matter into motion Types of energy: Kinetic: energy associated with motion Potential: stored (inactive) energy Electrical : results from the movement of charged particles (Na+, K+)
7 Identifying Elements Atoms of different elements contain different numbers of protons Compare hydrogen, helium and lithium
8 Proton Neutron Electron Hydrogen (H) Helium (He) Lithium (Li) Figure 2.2
9 Identifying Elements Atomic number = Mass number = Mass numbers of atoms of an element are not all identical Isotopes = atoms of the same element that differ in the # of neutrons they contain
10 Proton Neutron Electron Hydrogen ( 1 H) Deuterium ( 2 H) Tritium ( 3 H) Figure 2.3
11 Atoms of Elements can combine Chemically to form Molecules and Compounds Molecule: two or more atoms bonded together (H 2 or C 6 H 12 O 6 ) Compound:
12 Chemical Bonds Electrons occupy up to seven electron shells (energy levels) around nucleus Octet rule: Except for the first shell which is full with two electrons, atoms interact in order to have eight electrons in their outermost energy level (valence shell)
13 Chemically Inert Elements Stable and unreactive Outermost energy level fully occupied or contains eight electrons
14 (a) Chemically inert elements Valence shell complete 2e 8e 2e Helium (He) Neon (Ne) Figure 2.4a
15 Chemically Reactive Elements Valence shell not fully occupied by electrons Tend to gain, lose, or share electrons (form bonds) with other atoms to achieve stability
16 (b) Chemically reactive elements Valence shell incomplete 1e 4e 2e Hydrogen (H) Carbon 6e 2e 8e 1e 2e Oxygen (O) Sodium (Na) Figure 2.4b
17 Ionic Bonds Ions are formed by: Anions ( charge) have gained one or more electrons Cations (+ charge) have lost one or more electrons Attraction of opposite charges results in: An ionic bond
18 + Sodium atom (Na) Chlorine atom (Cl) Sodium ion (Na + ) Chloride ion (Cl ) Sodium chloride (NaCl) Figure 2.5
19 Covalent Bonds Formed by sharing of two or more valence shell electrons Allows each atom to fill its valence shell at least part of the time
20 Reacting atoms Resulting molecules + or Hydrogen atoms Carbon atom Molecule of methane gas (CH 4 ) (a) Formation of four single covalent bonds: Figure 2.7a
21 Reacting atoms Resulting molecules + or Oxygen atom Oxygen atom Molecule of oxygen gas (O 2 ) (b) Formation of a double covalent bond: Figure 2.7b
22 Reacting atoms Resulting molecules + or Nitrogen atom Nitrogen atom Molecule of nitrogen gas (N 2 ) (c) Formation of a triple covalent bond:. Figure 2.7c
23 Covalent Bonds Sharing of electrons may be equal or unequal Equal sharing produces: Electrically balanced nonpolar molecules
24 Covalent Bonds Unequal sharing by atoms with different electron-attracting abilities produces: polar covalent bonds H 2 O
25 Hydrogen Bonds Attractive force between electropositive hydrogen of one molecule and an electronegative atom of another molecule Important in intramolecular bonds, holding a large molecule in a three-dimensional shape
26 + Hydrogen bond (a) The slightly positive ends ( + ) of the water molecules become aligned with the slightly negative ends ( ) of other water molecules. Figure 2.8
27 Synthesis Reactions A + B AB Always involve bond formation Anabolic Endergonic
28 (a) Synthesis reactions Smaller particles are bonded together to form larger, molecules. Example Amino acids are joined to Form protein. Amino acid molecules Protein molecule Figure 2.9a
29 Decomposition Reactions AB A + B Reverse synthesis reactions Involve breaking of bonds Catabolic Exergonic
30 (b) Decomposition reactions Bonds are broken in larger molecules, resulting in smaller, less complex molecules. Example Glycogen is broken down to release glucose units. Glycogen Glucose molecules Figure 2.9b
31 Classes of Compounds Inorganic compounds Do not contain carbon (ex. Water, salts, and many acids and bases) Organic compounds Contain carbon, usually large, covalently bonded (ex s. carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids)
32 Water 60% 80% of the volume of living cells Most important inorganic compound in living organisms because of its properties
33 Salts Ionic compounds that dissociate into ions in water Ions (electrolytes) conduct electrical currents in solution
34 Acids Acids : Proton (H+) donors (release H + in solution) HCl H + + Cl
35 Bases Bases: Proton acceptors (take up H + from solution) NaOH Na + + OH
36 Acid-Base Concentration Acid solutions contain higher amounts of H + As [H + ] increases: acidity increases Basic solutions contain higher concentrations of OH As [H + ] decreases (or as [OH ] increases): alkalinity increases ph = measure of the acidity/bascisity of a solution
37 Acid-Base Concentration Neutral solutions: ph = 7 Contains equal numbers of H + and OH Acidic solutions [H + ], ph ph = Basic solutions [H + ], ph ph=
38 Carbohydrates Sugars and starches whose building blocks = Three classes Monosaccharides -Simple sugars containing three to seven C atoms (glucose) Disaccharides -Double sugars that are too large to pass through cell membranes Polysaccharides - Three/more simple sugars, e.g., starch and glycogen; not very soluble
39 Carbohydrates Functions Primary role: Major source of cellular fuel (glucose)
40 Example Hexose sugars (the hexoses shown here are isomers) (a) Monosaccharides Monomers of carbohydrates Example Pentose sugars Glucose Fructose Galactose Deoxyribose Ribose Figure 2.15a
41 (b) Disaccharides Consist of two linked monosaccharides Example Sucrose, maltose, and lactose (these disaccharides are isomers) Glucose Fructose Glucose Glucose Galactose Glucose Sucrose Maltose Lactose PLAY Animation: Disaccharides Figure 2.15b
42 (c) Polysaccharides Long branching chains (polymers) of linked monosaccharides Example This polysaccharide is a simplified representation of glycogen, a polysaccharide formed from glucose units. Glycogen PLAY Animation: Polysaccharides Figure 2.15c
43 Lipids Insoluble in water Main types: Triglycerides Phospholipids Steroids
44 Triglycerides Defined as:solid fats and liquid oils Building blocks = three fatty acids bonded to a glycerol molecule Main functions Energy storage Insulation Protection
45 (a) Triglyceride formation + Glycerol 3 fatty acid chains Triglyceride, or neutral fat 3 water molecules Figure 2.16a
46 Phospholipids Similar to triglycerides: Building blocks = Glycerol + two fatty acids and a phosphorus (P)-containing group Head and tail regions have different properties Important in cell membrane structure
47 (b) Typical structure of a phospholipid molecule Two fatty acid chains and a phosphorus-containing group are attached to the glycerol backbone. Example Phosphatidylcholine Polar head Phosphoruscontaining group (polar head ) Glycerol backbone 2 fatty acid chains (nonpolar tail ) Nonpolar tail (schematic phospholipid) Figure 2.16b
48 Steroids Steroids interlocking four-ring structure Examples are cholesterol, vitamin D, steroid hormones, and bile salts
49 (c) Simplified structure of a steroid Four interlocking hydrocarbon rings form a steroid. Example Cholesterol (cholesterol is the basis for all steroids formed in the body) Figure 2.16c
50 Proteins Building blocks = amino acids After amino acids are linked together they often undergo a natural folding process This folding process results in four different levels of protein structure: primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
51 Amine group Acid group (a) Generalized structure of all amino acids. (b) Glycine is the simplest amino acid. (c) Aspartic acid (an acidic amino acid) has an acid group ( COOH) in the R group. (d) Lysine (a basic amino acid) has an amine group ( NH 2 ) in the R group. (e) Cysteine (a basic amino acid) has a sulfhydryl ( SH) group in the R group, which suggests that this amino acid is likely to participate in intramolecular bonding. Figure 2.17
52 Amino acid Amino acid Amino acid Amino acid Amino acid (a) Primary structure: The sequence of amino acids forms the polypeptide chain. PLAY Animation: Primary Structure Figure 2.19a
53 a-helix: b-sheet: (b) Secondary structure: The primary chain forms spirals (a-helices) and sheets (b-sheets). PLAY Animation: Secondary Structure Figure 2.19b
54 (c) Tertiary structure: PLAY Animation: Tertiary Structure Figure 2.19c
55 (d) Quaternary structure: Two or more polypeptide chains, each with its own tertiary structure, combine to form a functional protein. PLAY Animation: Quaternary Structure Figure 2.19d
56 Protein Denaturation Shape change and disruption of active sites due to environmental changes A denatured protein is nonfunctional
57 Enzymes Are proteins Biological catalysts Increase the speed of a reaction Allows for millions of reactions/minute
58 Enzyme Function Substrates + Active site Enzyme
59 Nucleic Acids DNA and RNA Building blocks = nucleotide, composed of N- containing base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group
60 Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Four Nitrogen containing bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T) Double-stranded, helical Replicates before cell division, ensuring genetic continuity Provides instructions for protein synthesis
61 Phosphate Sugar: Deoxyribose Base: Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Sugar Phosphate (a) Adenine nucleotide Hydrogen bond Thymine nucleotide Sugar-phosphate backbone Deoxyribose sugar Phosphate Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) (b) (c) Computer-generated image of a DNA molecule Figure 2.22
62 Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Four bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and uracil (U) Single-stranded PLAY Animation: DNA and RNA
63 Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Adenine-containing RNA nucleotide with two additional phosphate groups
64 High-energy phosphate bonds can be hydrolyzed to release energy. Adenine Phosphate groups Ribose Adenosine Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Figure 2.19
65 Function of ATP Phosphorylation: The chemical energy contained in the high energy phosphate bonds can be used to perform cellular work
66 Solute + Membrane protein (a) Transport work Relaxed smooth muscle cell (b) Mechanical work Contracted smooth muscle cell + + (c) Chemical work Figure 2.20
Human Anatomy & Physiology. Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes Alive. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Human Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes Alive MATTER VS. ENERGY Which of the following is not an example of matter? 1) Blood plasma 2) The air we breathe 3) An arm bone 4) Electricity Which
More informationUnit 2: Basic Chemistry
Unit 2: Basic Chemistry I. Matter and Energy A. Matter anything that occupies space and has mass (weight) B. Energy the ability to do work 1. Chemical 2. Electrical 3. Mechanical 4. Radiant C. Composition
More information2/25/2013. Electronic Configurations
1 2 3 4 5 Chapter 2 Chemical Principles The Structure of Atoms Chemistry is the study of interactions between atoms and molecules The atom is the smallest unit of matter that enters into chemical reactions
More informationChapter 2. Chemical Principles
Chapter 2 Chemical Principles Insert Fig CO 2 The Structure of Atoms Chemistry is the study of interactions between atoms and molecules The atom is the smallest unit of matter that enters into chemical
More informationFigure ) Letter E represents a nucleic acid building block known as a. Answer: nucleotide Diff: 3 Page Ref: 54
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 10e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry 2.1 Short Answer Figure 2.1 Using Figure 2.1, identify the following: 1) Which letter represents a carbohydrate polymer?
More informationW2. Chemical structures of protein and DNA
W2. Chemical structures of protein and DNA Copyright Kang, Lin-Woo, Ph.D. Professor Department of Biological Sciences Konkuk University Seoul, Korea Lectures prepared by Christine L. Case The Structure
More informationChemical Principles. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Bradley W. Christian, McLennan Community College C H A P T E R
PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Bradley W. Christian, McLennan Community College C H A P T E R 2 Chemical Principles The Structure of Atoms Learning Objective 2-1 Describe the structure of
More informationChapter 2. The Structure of Atoms. The Structure of Atoms. The Structure of Atoms
1 The Structure of Atoms 2 Chapter 2 Chemical Principles Chemistry is the study of interactions between atoms and molecules The atom is the smallest unit of matter that enters into chemical reactions Atoms
More informationChapter 2 Chemical Aspects of Life
Chapter 2 Chemical Aspects of Life Multiple Choice Questions 1. Anything that has weight and occupies space can be described as A. an atom. B. matter. C. a compound. D. a molecule. #1 Learning Outcome:
More informationThe Chemical Level of Organization
PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Meg Flemming Austin Community College C H A P T E R 2 The Chemical Level of Organization Chapter 2 Learning Outcomes 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 Describe an atom and how atomic
More informationFull file at
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following is an uncharged particle found in the nucleus of 1) an atom and which has
More informationBasic Chemistry. Chapter 2 BIOL1000 Dr. Mohamad H. Termos
Basic Chemistry Chapter 2 BIOL1000 Dr. Mohamad H. Termos Chapter 2 Objectives Following this chapter, you should be able to describe: - Atoms, molecules, and ions - Composition and properties - Types of
More informationUNIT 2 CHEMISTRY. Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Covalent Bond: Hydrogen Bond:
UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Hydrogen Bond: Covalent Bond: 1 Carbohydrates: >energy yield- >elements- >monomers- >functions- >examples- >misc- Lipids: Proteins: Nucleic Acids: I. Energy
More informationChapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life
Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life Chemistry is the scientific study of the composition of matter and how composition changes. In order to understand human physiological processes, it is important to understand
More informationUNIT 2 CHEMISTRY. Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Covalent Bond: Hydrogen Bond:
UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Hydrogen Bond: Covalent Bond: 1 Carbohydrates: >energy yield- >elements- >monomers- >functions- >examples- >misc- Lipids: Proteins: Nucleic Acids: I. Energy
More informationChemistry Basics. Matter anything that occupies space and has mass Energy the ability to do work. Chemical Electrical Mechanical Radiant. Slide 2.
Chemistry Basics Matter anything that occupies space and has mass Energy the ability to do work Chemical Electrical Mechanical Radiant Slide 2.1 Composition of Matter Elements Fundamental units of matter
More information1/23/2012. Atoms. Atoms Atoms - Electron Shells. Chapter 2 Outline. Planetary Models of Elements Chemical Bonds
Chapter 2 Outline Atoms Chemical Bonds Acids, Bases and the p Scale Organic Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Are smallest units of the chemical elements Composed of protons, neutrons
More informationThe Chemical Level of Organization
Scuola di Ingegneria Industriale e dell Informazione Course 096125 (095857) Introduction to Green and Sustainable Chemistry The Chemical Level of Organization Prof. (and Ada Truscello) Dept. CMIC http://iscamap.chem.polimi.it/citterio/education/course-topics/
More informationChemical Principles and Biomolecules (Chapter 2) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus
Chemical Principles and Biomolecules (Chapter 2) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus Primary Source for figures and content: Tortora, G.J. Microbiology
More informationEssentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 12e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry. 2.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology 12th Edition Marieb TEST BANK Full download at: https://testbankrealcom/download/essentialshuman-anatomy-physiology-12th-edition-mariebtest-bank/ Essentials of
More informationChapter 2: The Chemical Level of. Organization. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 2: Organization The Chemical Level of Introduction Since chemicals compose your body and all body activities are chemical in nature, it is important to become familiar with the language and fundamental
More information2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules Living things consist of atoms of different elements. An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter. An element is one type of atom. 6 elements make up 99% of all living things
More informationChapter 2 The Chemistry of Biology. Dr. Ramos BIO 370
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Biology Dr. Ramos BIO 370 2 Atoms, Bonds, and Molecules Matter - all materials that occupy space and have mass Matter is composed of atoms. Atom simplest form of matter not divisible
More informationBiology 30 The Chemistry of Living Things
Biology 30 The Chemistry of Living Things Hierarchy of organization: Chemistry: MATTER: Periodic Table: ELEMENT: Ex. oxygen, gold, copper, carbon COMPOUND: Ex. salt (NaCl), H 2 O ELEMENTS ESSENTIAL TO
More informationEssentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry. 2.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry 2.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions Using Figure 2.1, identify the following: 1) Which letter represents a carbohydrate
More informationBio10 Cell and Molecular Lecture Notes SRJC
Basic Chemistry Atoms Smallest particles that retain properties of an element Made up of subatomic particles: Protons (+) Electrons (-) Neutrons (no charge) Isotopes Atoms of an element with different
More informationChemical Basis of Life
Chemical Basis of Life Jan 30 11:42 AM In order to understand digestion and nutrition, we need some basic biochemistry Chemistry studies the composition of matter and its changes as well as the change
More informationChapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology
Chapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology Multiple Choice Questions 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called A. Atomic B. Living C. Matter D. Energy E. Space 2. The electrons of an atom are A.
More informationChemistry Comes Alive: Part A
PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal College C H A P T E R 2 Chemistry Comes Alive: Part A Matter Anything that has mass and occupies space States of matter: 1. Solid definite
More informationBIOCHEMISTRY GUIDED NOTES - AP BIOLOGY-
BIOCHEMISTRY GUIDED NOTES - AP BIOLOGY- ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS - anything that has mass and takes up space. - cannot be broken down to other substances. - substance containing two or more different elements
More informationHuman Biology. The Chemistry of Living Things. Concepts and Current Issues. All Matter Consists of Elements Made of Atoms
2 The Chemistry of Living Things PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation Robert J. Sullivan, Marist College Michael D. Johnson Human Biology Concepts and Current Issues THIRD EDITION Copyright 2006 Pearson
More informationChapter 02. Lecture and Animation Outline
Chapter 02 Lecture and Animation Outline To run the animations you must be in Slideshow View. Use the buttons on the animation to play, pause, and turn audio/text on or off. Please Note: Once you have
More information2.1 Basic Chemistry 1
2.1 Basic Chemistry 1 A. Introduction 1. Matter anything that takes up space and has mass 2. States of matter a. Solid b. Liquid c. Gas 2 B. Elements and Atoms 1. Elements basic substances that make up
More informationFull file at Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology (Martini/ Bartholomew) Chapter 2 The Chemical Level of Organization
Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology (Martini/ Bartholomew) Chapter 2 The Chemical Level of Organization Multiple Choice 1) An unstable isotope that emits subatomic particles spontaneously is called A) a
More information2) Matter composed of a single type of atom is known as a(n) 2) A) element. B) mineral. C) electron. D) compound. E) molecule.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following is a particle found in the nucleus of an atom and that has no electrical
More informationChapter 02 Testbank. 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called. A. an electron. B. living. C. matter. D. energy. E. space.
Chapter 02 Testbank Student: 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called A. an electron. B. living. C. matter. D. energy. E. space. 2. The electrons of an atom are A. always equal to the number
More informationChapter 02 Chemistry of Life
Chapter 02 Chemistry of Life Multiple Choice Questions 1. The smallest unit of matter is the A. molecule. B. atom. C. compound. D. isotope. HAPS Objective: C.01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms,
More informationSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
ch 2 chemical basis of life Name SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. Fill in the blank or provide a short answer: 1) When a change in matter
More informationA Brief Overview of Biochemistry. And I mean BRIEF!
A Brief Overview of Biochemistry And I mean BRIEF! Introduction A. Chemistry deals with the composition of substances and how they change. B. A knowledge of chemistry is necessary for the understanding
More informationMicrobiology with Diseases by Taxonomy, 5e (Bauman) Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Microbiology. 2.1 Multiple Choice Questions
Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy, 5e (Bauman) Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Microbiology 2.1 Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following does not contribute significantly to the mass of an atom?
More informationTeacher Instructions
Teacher Instructions To print handouts for students Go to File print, change Print what: to handouts, change # per page if desired to enlarge slides on page Change Print range to slides and type in slide
More information`1AP Biology Study Guide Chapter 2 v Atomic structure is the basis of life s chemistry Ø Living and non- living things are composed of atoms Ø
`1AP Biology Study Guide Chapter 2 v Atomic structure is the basis of life s chemistry Ø Living and non- living things are composed of atoms Ø Element pure substance only one kind of atom Ø Living things
More informationChapter 2: Chemistry. What does chemistry have to do with biology? Vocabulary BIO 105
Chapter 2: Chemistry What does chemistry have to do with biology? BIO 105 Vocabulary 1. Matter anything that takes up space and has mass Atoms are the smallest units of matter that can participate in chemical
More informationUnit Two Chemistry of the Human Body
I. Introduction to atoms Unit Two Chemistry of the Human Body A. Chemistry is the branch of science that concerns itself with the structure of matter, including the interaction between atoms. 1. Atoms-
More informationChapter 02 Chemistry of Life
Maders Understanding Human Anatomy and Physiology 9th Edition Longenbaker Test Bank Full Download: http://testbanklive.com/download/maders-understanding-human-anatomy-and-physiology-9th-edition-longenbaker
More informationCh. 2 Chemistry Comes to Life
BIOL 164 Human Biology Ch 2 Chemistry Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes to Life Basic Chemistry Helps Us Understand Human Biology Chemistry Science of the composi9on and proper9es of ma:er Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins,
More informationFull file at https://fratstock.eu
VanMeter: Microbiology for the Healthcare Professional Chapter 02: Chemistry of Life Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The atomic number equals the number of a. Protons b. Neutrons c. Electrons d. Protons and
More informationChapter 2: Fundamentals of Chemistry. Question Type: Multiple Choice. 1) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
Microbiology Principles and Explorations 9th Edition Black TEST BANK Full clear download at: https://testbankreal.com/download/microbiology-principles-explorations- 9th-edition-black-test-bank/ Microbiology
More information2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY
1 2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY Although most students of human physiology have had at least some chemistry, this chapter serves very well as a review and as a glossary of chemical terms. In particular,
More informationChapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life
Chapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life I. Basic Chemistry A. Matter, Mass, and Weight 1. All living and nonliving things are composed of 2. represents the amount of matter. 3. is caused by the gravitational
More informationChemistry of Life. Chapter 2
Chemistry of Life Chapter 2 Elements Simplest form of matter Made of atoms of one type Cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances About 117 known elements The Periodic Table of Elements Each
More informationChapter 02 Testbank. 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called. A. an electron. B. living. C. matter. D. energy. E. space.
Chapter 02 Testbank Student: 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called A. an electron. B. living. C. matter. D. energy. E. space. 2. The electrons of an atom are A. always equal to the number
More informationThe Chemistry and Energy of Life
2 The Chemistry and Energy of Life Chapter 2 The Chemistry and Energy of Life Key Concepts 2.1 Atomic Structure Is the Basis for Life s Chemistry 2.2 Atoms Interact and Form Molecules 2.3 Carbohydrates
More informationChemistry of Life. Chapters 2 & 3. Credit: Larry Stepanowicz. Learning Objectives
Chemistry of Life Chapters 2 & 3 Credit: Larry Stepanowicz Learning Objectives 1. Differentiate between the definitions of an atom, element, ion, and molecule. 2. Describe why and how atoms react chemically.
More informationSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Exam Name SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. Figure 2.1 Using Figure 2.1, match the following: 1) Lipid. 2) Functional protein. 3) Nucleotide.
More informationThe Chemistry of Microbiology
PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R 2 The Chemistry of Microbiology Atoms Matter anything that takes up space and has mass
More information2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
All living things are based on atoms and their interactions. Living things consist of atoms of different elements. An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter. An element is one type of atom. ydrogen
More informationCopy into Note Packet and Return to Teacher
Copy into Note Packet and Return to Teacher Section 1: Nature of Matter Objectives: Differentiate between atoms and elements. Analyze how compounds are formed. Distinguish between covalent bonds, hydrogen
More informationCh 3: Chemistry of Life. Chemistry Water Macromolecules Enzymes
Ch 3: Chemistry of Life Chemistry Water Macromolecules Enzymes Chemistry Atom = smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means Element = substances that have similar properties and
More informationObjectives. in living cells.
Objectives The studient will know the definition of matter, energy potential energy and kinetic energy. the student will be able to define element and be able to list the elements that make up most of
More informationNature of matter. Chemical bond is a force that joins atoms
Nature of matter Atom the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means The subatomic particles of an atom consist of protons, neutrons and electrons Element is a pure substance
More informationFull file at
CHAPTER 2 THE CHEMISTRY OF BIOLOGY Chemistry is introduced in this chapter. Matter, atoms, elements, and molecules are defined. Chemical bonds are discussed in terms of their strength and formation, and
More informationPRESENTATION TITLE. Chemistry. Chemistry
PRESENTATION TITLE Chemistry Chemistry Chemistry is the study of the smallest forms of matter and their interactions. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Generally, chemistry deals with
More informationAn atom is the smallest unit of an element. It has: A general understanding of chemistry is necessary for understanding human physiology.
8/29/11 Chapter 2 I. Atoms, Ions, and Chemical Bonds Chemical Composition of the Body Lecture PowerPoint Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Body
More informationChapter 2. Introduction: Chapter Chemical Basis of Life. Structure of Matter:
Chapter 2.1-2.2 Read text 2.1 and describe why chemistry is important in understanding life. Read text 2.2 and discuss how atomic structure determines how atoms interact. Also describe the types of chemical
More informationChapter 2 Introduction to the Chemical Level of Organization
Chapter 2 Introduction to the Chemical Level of Organization INTRODUCTION A. Since chemicals compose your body and all body activities are chemical in nature, it is important to become familiar with the
More informationCHEMICAL BONDS. Attraction that holds molecules together Involves valence electrons. Ionic Bonds Covalent Bonds. Involves sharing of.
CHEMICAL BONDS DEFINITION/DESCRIPTION: Attraction that holds molecules together Involves valence electrons TYPES: Ionic Bonds Covalent Bonds Involves sharing of electrons Electronegativities O = 3.5 N
More informationMicrobiology: A Systems Approach, 2 nd ed. Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Biology
Microbiology: A Systems Approach, 2 nd ed. Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Biology 2.1 Atoms, Bonds, and Molecules: Fundamental Building Blocks Matter: anything that occupies space and has mass Can be liquid,
More informationIntroduction to the Human Body, 10th Edition Tortora Test Bank TEST BANK for Introduction to the Human Body, 10th Edition by Gerard J.
Introduction to the Human Body, 10th Edition Tortora Test Bank TEST BANK for Introduction to the Human Body, 10th Edition by Gerard J. Tortora Test Bank for all chapters are included. Download link: https://testbankreal.com/download/introduction-human-body-10thedition-kindle-edition-test-bank-tortora/
More information1) What are the four major elements found in the chemicals that comprise the human body?
Package Title: Testbank Course Title: PAP14 Chapter Number: 02 Question type: Multiple Choice 1) What are the four major elements found in the chemicals that comprise the human body? a) nitrogen, oxygen,
More informationLiving and nonliving things are all made of elements. It is the way that atoms combine that give every element a different characteristic.
Living and nonliving things are all made of elements. It is the way that atoms combine that give every element a different characteristic. 98% of the body is made of only 6 elements The 6 elements are:
More informationUnit 1: Chemistry - Guided Notes
Scientific Method Notes: Unit 1: Chemistry - Guided Notes 1 Common Elements in Biology: Atoms are made up of: 1. 2. 3. In order to be stable, an atom of an element needs a full valence shell of electrons.
More informationAtoms. The Chemical Level of Organization. Atoms. Atoms. Atoms 9/9/2015. Chapter 2. Proton. Atomic Structure. Neutron. Electron.
The Chemical Level of Organization Chapter 2 Matter is made up of atoms join together to form chemicals with different characteristics Chemical characteristics determine physiology at the molecular and
More informationHole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition. Chapter 2
Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition Shier Butler Lewis Chapter 2 1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. CHAPTER 2 CHEMICAL BASIS OF
More informationStudy Guide: Basic Chemistry, Water, Life Compounds and Enzymes
Study Guide: Basic Chemistry, Water, Life Compounds and Enzymes 1. Lipids are good energy-storage molecules because a) the can absorb a large amount of energy while maintaining a constant temperature b)
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Circle the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Summer Work Quiz - Molecules and Chemistry Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Circle the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The four most common elements in living organisms
More informationChapter 2. Chemical Basis of Life
hapter 2 hemical Basis of Life opyright The McGrawill ompanies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Introduction: A. hemistry deals with the composition of matter and how it changes.
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) According to the rules of complementary base pairing in nucleic acids, cytosine would
More informationFoundations in Microbiology Seventh Edition
Lecture PowerPoint to accompany Foundations in Microbiology Seventh Edition Talaro Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Biology Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
More informationChapter 2 Chemistry. The chemical compositions of the body s structures determine their function.
Chapter 2 Chemistry The chemical compositions of the body s structures determine their function. I. Basic Chemistry Chemistry is the scientific discipline concerned with the atomic composition and structure
More informationthe spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together Chemical structure Covalent bond Ionic bond
Chemical structure the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together Covalent bond bond formed by the sharing of valence electrons between atoms Ionic bond
More informationGuided Notes Unit 1: Biochemistry
Name: Date: Block: Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life I. Concept 2.1: Atoms, Ions, and Molecules a. Atoms Guided Notes Unit 1: Biochemistry i. Atom: _ ii. (They are SUPER small! It would take 3 million carbon
More informationis a substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.
is a substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics. Competitive Inhibitor Identify the following molecule: Polysaccharide
More informationChapter 6 Chemistry in Biology
Section 1: Atoms, Elements, and Compounds Section 2: Chemical Reactions Section 3: Water and Solutions Section 4: The Building Blocks of Life Click on a lesson name to select. 6.1 Atoms, Elements, and
More informationChemistry of Life. Chapter Two
Chemistry of Life Chapter Two 1 Biology and Chemistry Biology = study of life Chemistry = study of matter and the changes it undergoes Matter anything that takes up space and has mass Life is made up of
More informationChapter 2. The Chemical Level of Organization. Lecture Presentation by Lee Ann Frederick University of Texas at Arlington
Chapter 2 The Chemical Level of Organization Lecture Presentation by Lee Ann Frederick University of Texas at Arlington An Introduction to the Chemical Level of Organization Learning Outcomes 2-1 Describe
More informationEssentials of Anatomy and Physiology, 9e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry. Short Answer. Figure 2.1
Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, 9e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry Short Answer Figure 2.1 Using Figure 2.1, identify the following: 1) The structure of the functional protein is. Diff: 3 Page
More informationChemistry in Living Systems. By Dr. Carmen Rexach Physiology Mt SAC Biology Department
Chemistry in Living Systems By Dr. Carmen Rexach Physiology Mt SAC Biology Department Matter and Energy Definitions Types of energy Kinetic vs. potential Forms of energy Chemical Ex: ATP Electrical Ex:
More informationChemistry Comes to Life
BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 2 Chemistry Comes to Life Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University of Hawaii
More informationChapter 2! Chapter 2 Chemistry. The Chemical Level of Organization! SECTION 2-1! Atoms are the basic particles of matter! Subatomic Particles!
Chapter 2 The Chemical Level of Organization SECTION 2-1 Atoms are the basic particles of matter Note: Although we will not cover the first parts of these notes during lecture, you are responsible for
More informationwe will start our study of the body at the chemical level of organization
Chemistry Hand Out Dr. Stewart i. Anatomy- the study of the form and structure of the body parts and their interrelationships, i.e. what the body is made of and how all the parts fit together. ii. Physiology-
More informationBiology Unit 2 Chemistry of Life (Ch. 6) Guided Notes
Name Biology Unit 2 Chemistry of Life (Ch. 6) Guided Notes Atoms, Elements, and Chemical Bonding I can draw atom models and identify the # protons, # neutrons, and # electrons in an atom. I can identify
More informationChapter Two: The Chemistry of Biology. The molecules of life make up the structure of cells Chemistry of biological molecule
Chapter Two: The Chemistry of Biology The molecules of life make up the structure of cells Chemistry of biological molecule Atoms and Elements: Atoms: The basic units of all matter, containing three major
More informationChapter 2. Basic Chemistry. Lecture Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor Florence-Darlington Technical College Modified by Janice Alvarez, QRMHS
Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry Lecture Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor Florence-Darlington Technical College Modified by Janice Alvarez, QRMHS 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. Matter and Energy Energy can
More informationHole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition. Chapter 2
PowerPoint Lecture Outlines to accompany Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition Shier w Butler w Lewis Chapter 2 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction
More informationCHAPTER 2 LECTURE OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2 LECTURE OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION A. Since chemicals compose your body and all body activities are chemical in nature, it is important to become familiar with the language and fundamental concepts
More information2017 Ebneshahidi. Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi
Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi A. Introduction Chemistry science that deals with the composition of substances and the changes that take place in their composition. Organic chemistry chemistry that deals with organic
More informationChapter 2: Chemical Level of Organization
Chapter 2: Chemical Level of Organization General Chemistry Atoms:elements Molecules:compounds Chemical reactions Biological Chemistry (Inorganic) Biological Chemistry (Organic) Matter and Energy Matter
More informationChapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life I. Introduction A. The study of chemistry is essential for the study of physiology because
Shier, Butler, and Lewis: Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11 th ed. Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life I. Introduction A. The study of chemistry is essential for the
More informationChapter 2 Chemistry of Life
Chapter 2 Chemistry of Life Section 2.1 Atoms, Ions and Molecules Section 2.2 Properties of water Section 2.3 Carbon-based Molecules Section 2.4 Chemical Reactions Section 2.5 - Enzymes 1 Atoms, Ions and
More information