Atomic Structure. 1. Democritus 2. Dalton 3. Thompson 4. Millikan 5. Moseley 6. Bohr 7. Rutherford 8. Schrodinger. October 03, 2014.
|
|
- Luke Stone
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 October 03, 2014 Atomic Structure Chapter 4 Democritus's Atomic Philosophy 1. Democritus 2. Dalton 3. Thompson 4. Millikan 5. Moseley 6. Bohr 7. Rutherford 8. Schrodinger Aristotle -Rejected the idea of the atom -Said matter could be cut continually *most people sided with Aristotle Dalton's Atomic Theory Dalton transformed Democritus's ideas on atoms into a scientific theory. He studied the ratios in which elements combine in chemical reactions. (Concrete Evidence) There are 4 parts to this theory: 1. All elements are composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms. 2. Atoms of the same element are identical. The atoms of any one element are different from those of any other element. Atom: the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction. 3. Atoms of different elements can physically mix together or can chemically combine in simple wholenumber ratios to form compounds. 4. Chemical reactions occur when atoms are separated, joined, or rearranged. Atoms of one element, however, are never changed into atoms of another element as a result of a chemical reaction.
2 Atomic Size Copper atoms are very small. A pure copper coin the size of a penny contains about 2.4 x 22 atoms. Despite their small size, individual atoms are observable with instruments such as scanning tunneling microscopes. Iron Atoms Subatomic Particles The atoms are now broken down into even smaller, more fundamental particles, called subatomic particles. There are 3 subatomic particles 1. electrons (e - ) 2. protons (p + ) 3. neutrons (n o ) Electrons J. J. Thomson discovered the electron. He thought some smaller particle had to exist. Electrons : negatively charged subatomic particle. He used the cathode ray tube to make this discovery. How did J. J. Thomson make this discovery? The cathode ray tube has a cathode and anode at each side. The cathode originally is positively charged and the anode negatively charged. When the electric current was based through, the cathode became negatively charged and the anode became a positive charge. Robert A. Millikan *He was then able to calculate the mass of the electron. Protons and Neutrons How did we determine the presence of protons and neutrons? Four ideas about matter and electric charges: 1. Atoms have no net electric charge. 2. Electric charges are carried by particles of matter. 3. Electric charges always exist in whole-number multiples of a single basic unit. (There are no fractions of charges.) 4. When a given number of negatively charged particles combines with an equal number of positively charged particles, an electrically neutral particle is formed.
3 Protons and Neutrons Proton: Positively charged subatomic particles. Confirmed by Eugen Goldstein Neutron: Subatomic particles with no charge but with a mass nearly equal to that of a proton Confirmed by James Chadwick The Atomic Nucleus Scientists wondered how these particles were put together in an atom. J. J. Thomson came up with a model known as the "plum-pudding" model. This model stated how electrons were stuck into a lump of positive charge, similar to raisins stuck in dough. This model did not last very long when Ernest Rutherford entered the picture. The Atomic Nucleus Ernest Rutherford: Gold-Foil Experiment Rutherford Atomic Model He proposed that the atom is mostly empty space, explaining the lack of deflection of most of the particles. All the positive charge and almost all the mass are concentrated in a small region called the nucleus. Nucleus: Tiny central core of an atom and is composed of protons and neutrons. Atomic Number: The number of protons in the nucleus. Atomic Number Element Atomic Number Protons Electrons K S 16 V 23 K+ S 2-
4 X= Element Symbol A= Mass Number Z= Atomic Number Shorthand Notation Au Au-197 Gold-197 Mass Number Mass Number: The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom. How would you then determine the number of neutrons in an atom? Number of neutrons = mass number - atomic number Sample Problem 4.1 How many protons, electrons, and neutrons are in each atom? A. Beryllium (Be) B. Neon (Ne) C. Sodium (Na) Atomic Number 4 11 Mass Number Answer A. Beryllium (Be) B. Neon (Ne) C. Sodium (Na) Protons 4 11 Electrons 4 11 Neutrons 5 12 Practice: How many neutrons are in each atom? 16 a) O 8 32 b) 16S 8 c) Ag d) Br 207 e) Pb 82 Practice: Express the following in shorthand notation a) carbon-12 b) fluorine-19 Isotopes: Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons * Because isotopes of an element have different numbers of neutrons, they also have different mass numbers. c) beryllium-9
5 Uses of Isotopes 1. Americum-241: Used in many smoke detectors 2. Carbon-14: Used in biological research, agriculture, pollution control and archeology. 3. Cesium-137: Used to treat cancerous tumors, control liquid flow in oil pipelines. 4. Iodine-123: Used to diagnose thyroid disorders. 5. Iodine-129: Used to check radioactivity counters in in-bitro diagnostic testing labs. 6. Iodine-131: Used to treat thyroid disorders. (Graves's disease) 7. Plutonium-238: Has powered more than 20 NASA spacecraft since Uranium-234: Used in dental fixtures like crowns and dentures to provide a natural color and brightness. 9. Uranium-235: Fuel for nuclear power plants In nature, most elements occur as a mixture of two or more isotopes. Each isotope of an element has a fixed mass and a natural percent abundance. We are then able to determine the isotope that is in more abundance due to the average (atomic mass) of the element. Example: The two stable isotopes of chlorine are chlorine-35 and chlorine-37. The average SHOULD be amu. However, this value is higher than the actual value of So, chlorine-35 is in higher abundance than chlorine-37. Practice: Isotopes 1) Three isotopes of oxygen are oxygen-16, oxygen-17 and oxygen-18. Write the symbol for each, including the atomic number and mass number. 2) Three isotopes of chromium are chromium-50, chromium-52 and chromium-53. How many neutrons are in each isotope, given that chromium has an atomic number of 24? Atomic Mass It is more useful to compare the relative masses of atoms using a reference isotope as a standard. This standard is Carbon-12. Atomic mass unit (amu): One twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom. Example: A helium-4 atom, with a mass of amu has about one-third the mass of a carbon-12 atom. Table 4.3 Average Atomic Mass: a weighted average mass of the atoms in a naturally occurring sample of the element. This average reflects both the mass and the relative abundance of the isotopes as they occur in nature. Practice Problems 1) Boron has two isotopes: boron- and boron-11. Which is more abundant given that the atomic mass of boron is.81? Calculating Atomic Mass of an Element Multiply the mass of each isotope by its natural abundance, expressed as a decimal, and then add the products. Atomic Mass of Carbon: 2) There are three isotopes of silicon; they have mass numbers of 28, 29, and 30. The atomic mass of silicon is amu. Comment on the relative abundance of these three isotopes. C-12: 98.89%, amu C-13: 1.11%, amu Atomic mass= ( amu x ) + ( amu x ) Atomic mass= amu
6 Calculating Atomic Mass of an Element 1) The element copper has naturally occurring isotopes with mass numbers of 63 and 65. The relative abundance and atomic masses are 69.2% for mass amu, and 30.8% for mass=64.93 amu. Calculate the average atomic mass of copper. Calculating Atomic Mass of an Element 2) Calculate the atomic mass of bromine. The two isotopes of bromine have atomic masses and relative abundance of amu (50.69%) and amu (49.31%).
Chapter 4: Atomic Structure Section 4.1 Defining the Atom
Chapter 4: Atomic Structure Section 4.1 Defining the Atom Early Models of the Atom atom the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction Democritus s Atomic Philosophy
More informationEarly Models of the Atom
Early Models of the Atom An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction. Although early philosophers and scientists could not observe individual atoms,
More information4-1 Notes. Defining the Atom
4-1 Notes Defining the Atom Early Models of the Atom All matter is composed of atoms Atoms are the smallest particles of an element that retains their identity in a chemical reaction Greek philosopher
More informationDemocritus 460 BC 370 BC. First scholar to suggest that atoms existed. Believed that atoms were indivisible and indestructible.
Democritus 460 BC 370 BC First scholar to suggest that atoms existed. Believed that atoms were indivisible and indestructible. Democritus 460 BC 370 BC Problems with theory: 1. Did not explain chemical
More informationChapter 4 Atomic Structure. Chemistry- Lookabaugh Moore High School
Chapter 4 Atomic Structure Chemistry- Lookabaugh Moore High School Section 4.1 Defining the Atom Democritus (460 B.C 370 B.C.) first used the term atomon to describe the smallest particle of matter possible.
More informationChapter 5 Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Chemistry/ PEP Name: Date: Chapter 5 Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table Chapter 5: 1 16, 20, 21, 23, 24, 27-32, 35, 42, 44, 49, 50, 55 (32 total) Section Review 5.1 1. In your own words, state the
More informationCH4 HOMEWORK : ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Name Date Class 4 CH4 HOMEWORK : ATOMIC STRUCTURE SECTION 4.1 DEFINING THE ATOM (pages 101 103) This section describes early atomic theories of matter and provides ways to understand the tiny size of individual
More informationAtomic Structure. ppst.com
Atomic Structure ppst.com Defining the Atom The Greek philosopher (460 B.C. 370 B.C.) was among the first to suggest the existence of atoms (from the Greek word ) He believed that atoms were and His ideas
More informationDescribeDemocritus s Democritus s ideas
Atomic Structure Section 4.1 Defining the Atom DescribeDemocritus s Democritus s ideas about atoms. Section 4.1 Defining the Atom Explain Dalton s atomic theory. Section 4.1 Defining the Atom Identifywhat
More informationAtomic Structure. For thousands of years, people had many ideas about matter Ancient Greeks believed that everything was made up of the four elements
An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction. Although early philosophers and scientists could not observe individual atoms, they were still able to propose
More informationCHAPTER 4 Atomic Structure
CHAPTER 4 Atomic Structure 4.1 Early Theories of Matter Earth, Water, Air, Fire Matter was thought to be infinitely divisible No method was available to test theories Democritus (460 B.C. 370 B.C.) First
More informationNuclear Chemistry. Atomic Structure Notes Start on Slide 20 from the second class lecture
Nuclear Chemistry Atomic Structure Notes Start on Slide 20 from the second class lecture The Birth of an Idea Democritus, 400 B.C. coined the term atom If you divide matter into smaller and smaller pieces,
More informationThe History of the Atom. How did we learn about the atom?
The History of the Atom How did we learn about the atom? The Atomic Theory of Matter All matter is made up of fundamental particles. What does fundamental mean? The Greek Philosophers, 400 B.C. Democritus
More informationCHAPTER 4. Atomic Structure. 4.1 Atoms. Dalton s Atomic Theory
CHAPTER 4 Atomic Structure 4.1 Atoms Democritus first suggested the idea of atoms Indivisible & Indestructible 460 B.C. 370 B.C. Dalton s Atomic Theory 1. All elements are composed of submicroscopic indivisible
More informationName Date Class ATOMIC STRUCTURE
4 ATOMIC STRUCTURE SECTION 4.1 DEFINING THE ATOM (pages 101 103) This section describes early atomic theories of matter and provides ways to understand the tiny size of individual atoms. Early Models of
More informationChapter 4 The Atom. Philosophers and scientists have proposed many ideas on the structure of atoms.
Chapter4 TheAtom 4.1 Early Models of the Atom An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction. Philosophers and scientists have proposed many ideas on the
More informationThe Atom. protons, neutrons, and electrons oh my!
The Atom protons, neutrons, and electrons oh my! What s an Atom? An atom is the smallest physical particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element. How Big is an Atom? At sea level,
More informationHistory of Atomic Theory
Unit 2 The Atom History of Atomic Theory A. Democritus and Aristotle Democritus named the "atom" - means indivisible Dalton (with work of Lavoisier, Proust, and Gay-Lussac) 1. atomic theory - first based
More informationDemocritus & Leucippus (~400 BC) Greek philosophers: first to propose that matter is made up of particles called atomos, the Greek word for atoms
AP Chemistry Ms. Ye Name Date Block The Evolution of the Atomic Model Since atoms are too small to see even with a very powerful microscope, scientists rely upon indirect evidence and models to help them
More informationChapter 4 Jeopardy Review
Chapter 4 Jeopardy Review Atom Models of the Atom Atomic Theory Calculating Subatomic Particles Isotopes 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500
More informationEarly Atomic Models. Atoms: the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element.
Chapter 5 Early Atomic Models Atoms: the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element. (Greek: atomos = indivisible) Democritus (Greek teacher in the 4 th century BC) First
More informationTitle: Chem Review 2 TOPIC: DISCOVERY OF ATOM
Title: Chem Review 2 TOPIC: DISCOVERY OF ATOM EQ: How were the 3 subatomic particles discovered? Title and Highlight Topic: EQ: Date Reflect Question: Reflect on the material by asking a question (its
More informationUNIT 4 ATOMIC THEORY
UNIT 4 ATOMIC THEORY 1. Atomic theory: Dalton s model Thomson s model Rutherford s model Bohr s model Electron cloud model 2. Particles inside the atom Atomic number Mass number 3. Ions Cations Anions
More information4.2 Structure of the Nuclear Atom > Chapter 4 Atomic Structure. 4.2 Structure of the Nuclear Atom. 4.1 Defining the Atom
Chapter 4 Atomic Structure 4.1 Defining the Atom 4.2 Structure of the Nuclear Atom 4.3 Distinguishing Among Atoms 1 CHEMISTRY & YOU How did scientists determine the structures that are inside an atom?
More informationName Date Class DEFINING THE ATOM
4.1 DEFINING THE ATOM Section Review Objectives Describe Democritus s ideas about atoms Explain Dalton s atomic theory Describe the size of an atom Vocabulary atom Dalton s atomic theory Part A Completion
More informationAtomic Structure. How do you discover and study something you can t see?
Atomic Structure How do you discover and study something you can t see? WHAT IS A THEORY? A hypothesis is a proposed explanation made as a starting point for further investigation (It s bright outside
More informationTHE ATOM Pearson Education, Inc.
THE ATOM Title and Highlight Right Side NOTES ONLY TN Ch 4.1-4.2 Topic: EQ: Date Reflect Question: Reflect on the material by asking a question (its not suppose to be answered from notes) NOTES: Write
More informationUnit 2 Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry
Chemistry 1 West Linn High School Unit 2 Packet and Goals Name: Period: Unit 2 Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Unit Goals: As you work through this unit, you should be able to: 1. describe Dalton
More information2 Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
CHEMISTRY & YOU Chapter 4 Atomic Structure 4.1 Defining the Atom 4.2 Structure of the Nuclear Atom How did scientists determine the structures that are inside an atom? X-rays are used to see structures
More informationElements and Atoms NEVER TRUST AN ATOM THEY MAKE UP EVERYTHING
Elements and Atoms NEVER TRUST AN ATOM THEY MAKE UP EVERYTHING Atoms Matter! All matter is made up of tiny, fundamental particles called atoms Atoms are the smallest particles of an element that retain
More information4.1 Structure of the Atom
4.1 Structure of the Atom How do atoms differ from each other? What are atoms composed of? What are the subatomic particles? 2-1 Structure of the Atom Atoms actually are divisible. They are composed of
More informationEarly Atomic Theory. Alchemy. The atom
Early Atomic Theory Chapter 3 Democritus 460 BC- ~ 370 BC Nothing exists except atoms and empty space; everything else is opinion. Matter is composed of small indivisible particles, atomos meaning Indivisible
More informationChapter 4. Atomic Structure
Chapter 4 Atomic Structure Warm Up We have not yet discussed this material, but what do you know already?? What is an atom? What are electron, neutrons, and protons? Draw a picture of an atom from what
More informationH CHEM - WED, 9/7/16. Do Now Be ready for notes. Sigfig review problem. Agenda Atomic Theory. Homework. Error Analysis
H CHEM - WED, 9/7/16 Do Now Be ready for notes. Sigfig review problem Agenda Atomic Theory Error Analysis Homework Possibly atomic theory paragraph THE ATOM DEFINITION TO START Atom smallest particle
More informationChapter 2. Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table. Chapter 2 Topics. 2.1 Dalton s s Atomic Theory. Evidence for Atoms. Evidence for Atoms
Chapter 2 Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table Chapter 2 Topics 1. Dalton s s Atomic Theory 2. Structure of the Atom 3. Ions 4. Atomic Mass 5. The Periodic Table Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
More informationWhat is a theory? An organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena
Atomic Structure What is a theory? An organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena Early Theories Democritus: 4 B.C.: atom He
More informationIB Chemistry : Atomic Structure & History with Boardworks Enabled Interactives
Atomic Structure Contents INTRODUCING ATOMS SUB ATOMIC PARTICLES HISTORY ATOMIC # & MASS # AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS MASS SPECTROMETER ELECTRON CONFIGURATION ISOTOPES SUMMARY ACTIVITIES ELEMENTS DIFFERENT TYPES
More informationChemistry. - Many philosophers concluded that matter was composed of things such as earth, -Democritus: -Aristotle: -Dalton:
Chemistry Made by Saleem Abu-Tayeh Chapter 4 - Many philosophers concluded that matter was composed of things such as earth, water, air, and fire. It was also commonly accepted that matter could be endlessly
More informationATOMS AND ELEMENTS. Democritus 400 B.C. Atomic Theory of Matter. Dalton s Postulates (1803) Page 1
ATOMS AND ELEMENTS Democritus 400 BC Believed that matter was composed of invisible particles of matter he called atoms According to Democritus, atoms could not be broken into smaller particles Atomic
More informationAccelerated Chemistry Study Guide Atomic Structure, Chapter 3
Accelerated Chemistry Study Guide Atomic Structure, Chapter 3 Terms and definitions atom ion law of constant composition isotope atomic theory of matter mass number cathode ray tube atomic mass electron
More informationCHAPTER 3. Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter
CHAPTER 3 Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Origins of the Atom Democritus: Greek philosopher (460 BC - 370 BC) Coined the term atom from the Greek word atomos Democritus believes that atoms were indivisible
More informationAtoms, Molecules, Formula, and Subatomic Particles
Atoms Atoms, Molecules, Formula, and Subatomic Particles Atoms are the immensely small particles of which all matter is composed. How small are atoms? They are so small that they have only been able to
More informationNotes:&&Unit&4:&Atomics& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &
Name: RegentsChemistry:Mr.Palermo Notes:Unit4:Atomics! www.mrpalermo.com Name: $ Key$Ideas$ Themodernmodeloftheatomhasevolvedoveralongperiodoftimethroughtheworkofmany scientists.(3.1a) Eachatomhasanucleus,withanoverallpositivecharge,surroundedbyoneormorenegatively
More informationAtoms and their structure
Atoms and their structure History of atomic theory Not the history of atom, but the idea of the atom Original idea Ancient Greece (400 B.C..) Democritus and Leucippus Greek philosophers Another Greek Aristotle
More informationChapter 3 Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter. Honors Chemistry 412
Chapter 3 Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Honors Chemistry 412 Foundations of Atomic Theory Democritus Greek Philosopher 460-370 B.C. Stated Matter could be divided into smaller & smaller particles
More informationGlencoe: Chapter 4. The Structure of the Atom
Glencoe: Chapter 4 The Structure of the Atom Section One: Early Ideas about Matter Atomists and Democritus : 400 B.C. From Thrace in Greece. Atoms- Uncut-Table Indivisible parts which cannot be broken
More informationChapter 4. History of the atom. History of Atom Smallest possible piece? Atomos - not to be cut. Atoms and their structure
Chapter 4 Atoms and their structure History of the atom Not the history of atom, but the idea of the atom. Original idea Ancient Greece (400 B.C.) Democritus and Leucippus Greek philosophers. Looked at
More informationChapter 4. The structure of the atom. AL-COS Objectives 1, 2,3,4,7, 10, 15, 20, 21, 22, 27and 28
Chapter 4 The structure of the atom AL-COS Objectives 1, 2,3,4,7, 10, 15, 20, 21, 22, 27and 28 You ll learn to Identify the experiments that led to the development of the nuclear model of atomic structure
More informationUNIT 2 - ATOMIC THEORY
UNIT 2 - ATOMIC THEORY VOCABULARY: Allotrope Electron Configuration Nuclear Charge Anion Element Nucleons Atom Excited state Nucleus Atomic Mass Ground state Orbital Atomic Mass unit (a.m.u.) Ion Proton
More informationName Class Date. Section: Development of the Atomic Theory THE BEGINNING OF ATOMIC THEORY
Skills Worksheet Directed Reading A Section: Development of the Atomic Theory THE BEGINNING OF ATOMIC THEORY Write the letter of the correct answer in the space provided. 1. Around 440 BCE, who thought
More informationTeacher: Mr. gerraputa. Name: Base your answer to the question on the information below. Given the electron dot diagram:
Teacher: Mr. gerraputa Print Close Name: 1. Given the electron dot diagram: The valence electrons represented by the electron dot diagram could be those of atoms in Group 1. 13 3. 3 2. 15 4. 16 2. Which
More informationUnit 3. The Atom & Modern Atomic Theory
Unit 3 The Atom & Modern Atomic Theory Theories of the Atom Early Models & Thoughts: Democritus Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. Smallest unit that retains the identity of the element
More informationChapter 2 Atoms and Elements
1 Chapter 2 Atoms and Elements Sec 2.3 Modern Atomic Theory and the Laws That Led to it Law of conservation of mass states that in a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed. Law of definite
More informationCh. 4 Notes THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM NOTE: Vocabulary terms are in boldface and underlined. Supporting details are in italics.
Ch. 4 Notes THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM NOTE: Vocabulary terms are in boldface and underlined. Supporting details are in italics. I. Early Ideas About Matter A. atom the smallest particle of an element retaining
More informationDemocritus thought atoms were indivisible & indestructible Lacked experimental support 4 th century B.C.
Chapter 5 Democritus thought atoms were indivisible & indestructible Lacked experimental support 4 th century B.C. Democritus thought atoms were indivisible & indestructible Lacked experimental support
More informationDemocritus s ideas don t explain chemical behavior & lacked experimental support.
A1: Atomic Structure Worksheet Key (Goals 1 3, Chapter 4) 1. Democritus, who lived in Greece during the 4 th century B.C., suggested that matter is made up of tiny particles that cannot be divided. He
More informationCHEMISTRY 11 UNIT REVIEW: ATOMIC THEORY & PERIODIC TRENDS
CHEMISTRY 11 UNIT REVIEW: ATOMIC THEORY & PERIODIC TRENDS Atoms Atoms have protons and neutrons located in the nucleus of the atom. Electrons orbit around the nucleus in well-defined paths. Protons have
More informationCHAPTER 3. Chemical Foundations
CHAPTER 3 Chemical Foundations 3.1 THE ELEMENTS 118 elements in 92 occur naturally, the rest are synthesized All matter in the universe can be chemically broken down into elements Compounds are made by
More informationChemistry Chapter 3. Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter
Chemistry Chapter 3 Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter I. From Philosophical Idea to Scientific Theory History of the Atom The Ancient Greeks were the first to come up with the idea of the atom. Democritus
More informationGet out your diagram from your research paper. Get out a sheet of paper to take some notes on.
Bellwork: Get out your diagram from your research paper. Get out a sheet of paper to take some notes on. Fill in the Following Table in your notes (assume an atom unless otherwise stated: Symbol Protons
More informationCHEMISTRY. Matter and Change. Table Of Contents. Section 4.1 Early Ideas About Matter. Unstable Nuclei and Radioactive Decay
CHEMISTRY 4 Table Of Contents Matter and Change Section 4.1 Early Ideas About Matter Chapter 4: The Structure of the Atom Section 4.2 Section 4.3 Section 4.4 Defining the Atom How Atoms Differ Unstable
More informationAtomic Structure. What is an atom? The smallest particle of an element that retains properties of that element. Gedanken
Atomic Structure What is an atom? The smallest particle of an element that retains properties of that element. Gedanken 1 Atomic Theory Democritus vs. Dalton 500 BC 1808 AD Pure thought Observation + experiment
More informationSmoking at an early age may make it more difficult to quit smoking later. Which of the above statements is an opinion and which is a theory?
Preview Lesson Starter Objectives Foundations of Atomic Theory Law of Conservation of Mass Law of Multiple Proportions Dalton s Atomic Theory Modern Atomic Theory Section 1 The Atom: From Philosophical
More information8.5 Atomic Structure
Views of the Atom Democritus (Greek philosopher from 460 BC to 370 BC) Believed that atoms were indivisible and indestructible. His approach was simply philosophy and was not based upon the scientific
More information5 Early Atomic Theory and Structure
5 Early Atomic Theory and Structure Chapter Outline 5.1 5.2 Electric Charge A. Discovery of Ions 5.3 Subatomic Parts of the Atom Lightning occurs when electrons move to neutralize charge difference between
More informationUNDERLYING STRUCTURE OF MATTER
1 UNDERLYING STRUCTURE OF MATTER Chapter 4 Atomic Structure DEFINING THE ATOM Earlier theories of matter: A. Even though his hypothesis lacked evidence at the time, the Greek philosopher Democritus (460
More informationCHAPTER 3 THE ATOM. 1. Matter is composed extremely small particles called atoms
CHAPTER 3 THE ATOM Read pgs. 107-110 I. History Democritus Greek philosopher, 400 B.C., said all matter is made up of small, indivisible particles he called atoms (Greek for indivisible ). He wasn t believed
More informationChapter 5. Early Atomic Theory and Structure
Chapter 5 Early Atomic Theory and Structure Introduction to General, Organic, and Biochemistry 10e John Wiley & Sons, Inc Morris Hein, Scott Pattison, and Susan Arena Lightning occurs when electrons move
More informationUnit 2 continued-chemical Foundations Atoms, Ions, &Elements
Unit 2 continuedchemical Foundations Atoms, Ions, &Elements The Elements Most abundant elements in/on Earth: Oxygen 49.2% Silicon25.7% Most abundant in the human body: Oxygen65.0% Carbon18.0 % Hydrogen10.0%
More informationHow to Use This Presentation
How to Use This Presentation To View the presentation as a slideshow with effects select View on the menu bar and click on Slide Show. To advance through the presentation, click the right-arrow key or
More informationa. According to Dalton, what is inside the atom? Nothing, the atom it the smallest
Unit 3: Review SCIENTIFIC THEORIES Dalton theorized that atoms were the smallest particle and could not be divided. Atoms can bond with one another in whole number ratios to form compounds but cannot be
More informationIn Atomic Theory, if we were to zoom in on a copper wire, it might look like the picture below. What is between the atoms?
History of the Atom In Atomic Theory, if we were to zoom in on a copper wire, it might look like the picture below. What is between the atoms? What did be believe before we thought there were atoms? We
More informationChapter 3. Table of Contents. Section 1 The Atom: From Philosophical Idea to Scientific Theory. Section 2 The Structure of the Atom
Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Table of Contents Section 1 The Atom: From Philosophical Idea to Scientific Theory Section 2 The Structure of the Atom Section 1 The Atom: From Philosophical Idea to
More informationUnderstanding the Atom
Name Date Period 3.1 Discovering Parts of an Atom Directions: On the line before each statement, write correct if the statement is correct or not correct if the statement is not correct. If the statement
More informationAtomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions PSI Chemistry
Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions PSI Chemistry Name: 1. What was the first particle discovered inside an atom? A. Proton C. Electron 2. What characteristic of cathode rays
More informationAtomic Structure & Nuclear Chemistry Unit 3 Notes
Atomic Structure & Nuclear Chemistry Unit 3 Notes Academic Chemistry Name 52 24 Cr Mass Number Symbol Atomic Number Unit #3 Test Date You can never learn less, you can only learn more. R. Buckminster Fuller
More informationWarm Up 9/17/12. How long have people been interested in understanding matter and its structure? A. Thousands of years. B.
Warm Up 9/17/12 How long have people been interested in understanding matter and its structure? A. Thousands of years B. Hundreds of years C. A few years D. Never What is an atom? The smallest particle
More informationDirected Reading B. Section: Development of the Atomic Theory THE BEGINNING OF ATOMIC THEORY. is a(n). DALTON S ATOMIC THEORY BASED ON EXPERIMENTS
Skills Worksheet Directed Reading B Section: Development of the Atomic Theory THE BEGINNING OF ATOMIC THEORY 1. The word atom comes from the Greek word atomos, which means a. dividable. b. invisible. c.
More informationName: Date: Blk: Dalton Thomson Rutherford Bohr THOMSON
Name: Date: Blk: NOTES: ATOMIC STRUCTURE I. History of the Atom Dalton Thomson Rutherford Bohr 1803 1897 1909 1913 1. DALTON - everything is made of atoms - different elements combine to form compounds
More informationChemistry. Robert Taggart
Chemistry Robert Taggart Table of Contents To the Student..................................................v Unit 1: Matter and Measurement Lesson 1: Chemistry and the Scientific Method...................3
More informationChapter 3. Chapter 3. Objectives. Table of Contents. Chapter 3. Chapter 3. Foundations of Atomic Theory, continued. Foundations of Atomic Theory
Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Table of Contents Philosophical Idea to Scientific Theory Objectives Explain the law of conservation of mass, the law of definite proportions, and the law of multiple
More informationUnit 2: Atomic Structure Practice Packet
Unit 2: Atomic Structure Practice Packet Dalton s Model: hard sphere model 1. I can describe John Dalton s contribution to our Thomson s Experiment: cathode ray experiment 2. I can describe JJ Thomson
More informationMatter and Energy. Chapter 3
Matter and Energy Chapter 3 Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space Two categories Pure substances Mixtures Pure Substances Matter with a fixed composition Either an element or compound Element
More informationScientist wanted to understand how the atom looked. It was known that matter was neutral. It was known that matter had mass
Atom Models Scientist wanted to understand how the atom looked It was known that matter was neutral It was known that matter had mass They used these ideas to come up with their models, however science
More informationFill in the Following Table in your notes (assume an atom unless otherwise stated: Symbol Protons Electrons Neutrons Atomic # Mass # 24 Na
Bellwork: Fill in the Following Table in your notes (assume an atom unless otherwise stated: Symbol Protons Electrons Neutrons Atomic # Mass # 24 Na + 11 29 63 Bellwork: Fill in the Following Table in
More informationDemocritus & Leucippus (~400 BC) Greek philosophers: first to propose that matter is made up of particles called atomos, the Greek word for atoms
Chemistry Ms. Ye Name Date Block The Evolution of the Atomic Model Since atoms are too small to see even with a very powerful microscope, scientists rely upon indirect evidence and models to help them
More informationCHEMISTRY 11 UNIT REVIEW: ATOMIC THEORY & PERIODIC TRENDS
CHEMISTRY 11 UNIT REVIEW: ATOMIC THEORY & PERIODIC TRENDS Atoms Atoms have protons and neutrons located in the nucleus of the atom. Electrons orbit around the nucleus in well-defined paths. Protons have
More informationUNIT 2 - ATOMIC THEORY
UNIT 2 - ATOMIC THEORY VOCABULARY: Allotrope Electron Configuration Nuclear Charge Anion Element Nucleons Atom Excited state Nucleus Atomic Mass Ground state Orbital Atomic Mass unit (a.m.u.) Ion Proton
More informationThe Structure of the Atom
The Structure of the Atom Section 4.1 Early Theories of Matter In your textbook, read about the philosophers, John Dalton, and defining the atom. For each statement below, write true or false. 1. Ancient
More informationName Period Date Engage-Atoms 1. What does Bill cut in half?
Name Period Date Engage-Atoms https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fmuskig2exi 1. What does Bill cut in half? 2. By cutting this item in half he tries to prove that there are pieces that are uncut- table called
More informationPassing an electric current makes a beam appear to move from the negative to the positive end.
Chapter 4 Atoms and their structure History of the atom Not the history of atom, but the idea of the atom. Original idea Ancient Greece (400 B.C.) Democritus and Leucippus Greek philosophers. Smallest
More informationA1: Atomic Structure Worksheet (Goals 1 3, Chapter 4)
Unit 3 Assignment Packet Name: Period: A1: Atomic Structure Worksheet (Goals 1 3, Chapter 4) 1. Democritus, who lived in Greece during the 4 th century B.C., suggested that is made up of tiny particles
More informationAn atom is the smallest physical particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element.
Unit 3.1 An atom is the smallest physical particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element. At sea level, one cubic centimeter of air (size of a sugar cube, or marble) will have
More informationAtomic Theory & the Atom. it s elemental
Atomic Theory & the Atom it s elemental Our view of the atom has changed over time the ATOM the smallest particle of an element that still retains the chemical properties of that element Here is a model
More informationChapter 4: Atoms and Elements
Chapter 4: Atoms and Elements Determine atomic numbers, mass numbers, and isotope symbols for an isotope. Determine number of protons and neutrons from isotope symbols. Calculate atomic mass from percent
More informationHonors Chemistry Unit 2: The Atom & Its Nucleus
Honors Chemistry Unit 2: The Atom & Its Nucleus (2017-2018) Bunsen, I must tell you how excellent your study of chemical spectroscopy is, as is your pioneer work in photochemistry but what really impresses
More informationAP Atomic Structure Models
AP Atomic Structure Models What is a Model? On a scrap piece of paper, write down your definition of a model with at least two examples. A model is a representation of an object, idea, action, or concept.
More informationUNIT 2 - ATOMIC THEORY
*KEY* *KEY* UNIT 2 - ATOMIC THEORY *KEY* *KEY* VOCABULARY: Allotrope Anion Atom Atomic Mass Atomic Mass unit (a.m.u.) Atomic number Bohr model Cation Compound Electron Electron Configuration Element Excited
More informationName Honors Chemistry: Atoms, protons, electrons, neutrons, and the Periodic Table
Name Honors Chemistry: Atoms, protons, electrons, neutrons, and the Periodic Table 1. In the Periodic Table below, draw or shade in the following a. the numbers for the 8 main groups (also, indicate the
More informationOrigins of the Atom. Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter. Let s Get Ready to Rumble. Aristotle s Theory of the Atom CHAPTER 3
Origins of the Atom CHAPTER 3 Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Let s Get Ready to Rumble The idea of the atom was met with great skepticism, especially among great thinkers. The most vocal critic of
More information