Synthesis and Characterization of Hybrid Nanoparticles for Biomedical and Environmental Remediation Applications

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1 Synthesis and Characterization of Hybrid Nanoparticles for Biomedical and Environmental Remediation Applications Soubantika Palchoudhury Chemical Engineering University of Tennessee at Chattanooga 6 th International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Science and Engineering 9/13/2016

2 Outline Platinum Decorated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications New Materials for Oil Spill Remediation Motivation Research Conclusion

3 Platinum Decorated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications 20 nm

4 Motivation Therapeutic applications Pt nanoparticle DNA damage, DNA dissociation, nanomedicine for antitumor treatment OH - e - OH - H 2 O 2 H 2 O e - Potential problem: Aggregation of small Pt nanoparticles Free radical scavenging activity for oxidative stress disease Iron oxide support

5 Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Modified Heat-Up Method nm Moment (emu/g) nm Magnetic field (Oe)

6 Approach for Multiple Pt Attachment: Aqueous Phase Phase transfer Iron oxide Nanoparticle Biocompatible ligand: Polyacrylic acid (PAA, M w 100,000) Platinum salt: Chloroplatinic acid (H 2 PtCl 6 ) Reducing agent: Ultraviolet radiation (UV) Solvent: Water Xu, Y.; Qin, Y.; Palchoudhury, S.; Bao, Y. Water-soluble iron oxide nanoparticles with high stability and selective surface functionality. Langmuir, 2011, 27,

7 Approach for Multiple Pt Attachment: Aqueous Phase 100 nm Xu, Y.; Qin, Y.; Palchoudhury, S.; Bao, Y. Water-soluble iron oxide nanoparticles with high stability and selective surface functionality. Langmuir, 2011, 27,

8 Pt-Attached Iron Oxide Nanoparticles : Aqueous Phase 2 nm 10 nm Palchoudhury, S.; Xu, Y.; Goodwin, J.; Bao, Y. Synthesis of multiple platinum attached iron oxide nanoparticles. J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21,

9 DNA Interaction: Gel Electrophoresis Ladder Control DNA NP-DNA (4 h) NP-DNA (30 min) Palchoudhury, S.; Xu, Y.; Rushdie, A.; Bao, Y. DNA interaction of multiple Pt attached iron oxide nanoparticles. IEEE Trans. Magnetics 2013.

10 DNA Interaction: Transmission Electron Microscopy 20 nm Palchoudhury, S.; Xu, Y.; Rushdie, A.; Bao, Y. DNA interaction of multiple Pt attached iron oxide nanoparticles. IEEE Trans. Magnetics 2013.

11 DNA Interaction: Transmission Electron Microscopy 20 nm Palchoudhury, S.; Xu, Y.; Rushdie, A.; Bao, Y. DNA interaction of multiple Pt attached iron oxide nanoparticles. IEEE Trans. Magnetics 2013.

12 DNA Interaction of Pt-Attached Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Pt NP Iron oxide NP 20 nm Before DNA interaction 20 nm After DNA interaction Palchoudhury, S.; Xu, Y.; Rushdie, A.; Bao, Y. DNA interaction of multiple Pt attached iron oxide nanoparticles. IEEE Trans. Magnetics 2013.

13 Conclusion Monodisperse and shape-controlled iron oxide nanoparticles using modified heat-up method Pt-attached iron oxide nanoparticles Successful demonstration of DNA interaction of Pt-iron oxide nanoparticles Future Work: New therapeutics

14 New Materials for Oil Spill Remediation Oil-water mixture Absorbance Oil 1 Oil PVP-iron 0.5 remaining oxide NPs Wavelength (nm) Final treated water Oil removal with magnetic nanoparticles

15 Motivation Catastrophic oil spills (e.g., Exxon Valdez (1989), MC252 (BP, 2010)) Cause huge environmental concern Deepwater Horizon Disaster, Nature, Image credit: Daniel Beltra/Greenpeace; Wikipedia;

16 National Geography Motivation Limitations of current oil remediation routes

17 Hypothesis Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) Hydrophilic iron oxide nanoparticles Oil spill Clean water Palchoudhury, S.; Lead, J. A facile and cost-effective method for separation of oil-water mixtures using polymercoated iron oxide nanoparticles. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2014.

18 Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles Intensity (%) PVP-iron oxide NPs PVP-iron oxide NPs in sea water 76 nm 69 nm Size (d, nm) Water-soluble iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized in one-step using modified polyol method Solvent: Triethyleneglycol (TREG) PVP Capping agent: Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) Precursor: Iron (III) acetylacetonate Reaction temperature: 260 C Palchoudhury, S.; Lead, J. A facile and cost-effective method for separation of oil-water mixtures using polymercoated iron oxide nanoparticles. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2014.

19 Analyzing the Oil-Water Separation via UV-vis Spectroscopy Absorbance Absorbance Oil-water- NP mixture Magnetic separation Oil Oil-water mixture Oil NPs remaining magnetically in water separated Oil remaining Wavelength (nm) Wavelength (nm) Palchoudhury, S.; Lead, J. A facile and cost-effective method for separation of oil-water mixtures using polymercoated iron oxide nanoparticles. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2014.

20 Analyzing the Oil-Water Separation via UV-vis Spectroscopy Absorbance Oil Oil recovered Oil+water+NPs Oil sample PVP-iron oxide NPs Oil remaining Water 0.5 Oil PVP-iron remaining oxide NPs Wavelength (nm) Deepwater Horizon oil sample used Near 100 % oil removal in 12 h Oil-water mixture Oil-water- NP mixture Magnetic separation NPs magnetically separated Oil recovered from NPs Oil remaining in water Palchoudhury, S.; Lead, J. A facile and cost-effective method for separation of oil-water mixtures using polymercoated iron oxide nanoparticles. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2014.

21 Oil-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Characterization 14 PVP-iron oxide NPs PVP-iron oxide NPs after oil absorption Intensity (%) 7 69 nm 389 nm Size (d, nm) Palchoudhury, S.; Lead, J. A facile and cost-effective method for separation of oil-water mixtures using polymercoated iron oxide nanoparticles. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2014.

22 Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy Analysis 100 % 3.4E6 100 % 1.0E6 C E E5 C E Time C 22 C E0 Time Crude oil sample Sample after treatment with nanoparticles Palchoudhury, S.; Lead, J. A facile and cost-effective method for separation of oil-water mixtures using polymer-coated iron oxide nanoparticles. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2014.

23 Conclusion Near 100% separation of BP crude oil-water mixture using PVPiron oxide nanoparticles Nanoparticles absorbed ~178 times their own volume of oil Easy scale-up, cost-effective, and environment-friendly Future Work: Practical application in remediation

24 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Collaborators: Prof. Arunava Gupta, MINT Center, The University of Alabama Prof. Frank Jones, University of Tennessee Chattanooga Dr. Bryan Ennis, University of Tennessee Chattanooga Dr. Bradley Harris, University of Tennessee Chattanooga Dean Daniel Pack, University of Tennessee Chattanooga Students Chemical Engineering Department, UTC Central Analytical Facility (CAF), UA

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