Lycoming College Fall 2015 Department of Chemistry CHEM 110

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1 General Chemistry I Laboratory Annie DiSante Heim disante@lycoming.edu (Sections M, N, Q, S) Dr. Doug Hines Heim hines@lycoming.edu (Section R) Welcome to Chemistry 110 and to the Lycoming College Department of Chemistry! The labs this semester are meant to introduce you to aspects of chemical laboratory procedures and techniques that are necessary for success in later chemistry courses. Learning Objectives Perform wet laboratory techniques as appropriate to the major subdisciplines of chemistry Understand and use modern chemical instrumentation Exhibit integrative, problemsolving skills, such as experimental design, data manipulation, and data interpretation Communicate the results of chemical investigations effectively in written form Search the chemical literature, evaluate the results of the search, and access desired research materials Demonstrate responsible conduct in the laboratory, including laboratory safety and ethical research practices This course addresses the following institutional learning goals: be able to communicate effectively in written form be able to think critically have demonstrated technological competence appropriate for his/her discipline Laboratory Notebook Lab notebooks should be neat, well organized, uptodate and complete, with a Table of Contents. Leave room to record your data, the uncertainties in measurements, and any observations about the experiment. Use a different notebook page for each day s data, and submit the carbon copies at the end of the lab period. Original pages should never be removed from the laboratory notebook. Laboratory Reports Reports consist of the already submitted carbon copies of your notebook pages (TOA, prelab, and lab observations), the appropriate report form (if required), sample calculations, and answers to any questions. They are due one week following completion of the experiment unless otherwise noted. Additional instructions may be given in the prelab lectures. Reports are due prior to the prelab lecture on the date shown on the schedule below again, changes may be announced in lab. Late labs will be penalized 10% per school day (weekend counts as 1 day), and are not accepted more than one week late. Prelab questions and TOA (Title, Objective, and Approach) are due prior to the prelab lecture and will not be accepted late. In most experiments, you will work individually. You are welcome to consult with your teaching assistant, instructor, or lab mates but remember that your grade ultimately depends on your own work. 1

2 Laboratory Quizzes Lab quizzes will be held at the start of lab the weeks of Sep. 29Oct. 1, Oct. 279, and Dec. 13. The three lab quizzes are worth 20 points each, for a total of 60 points. Laboratory Performance Laboratory performance is worth 20 points and will be evaluated according to the Lab Performance Matrix printed on the inside back cover of the lab manual. Lab Absences Only absences where the instructor is notified ahead of time will be excused and a makeup permitted. All requests to make up a lab (or attend a section other than your normal lab) can occur only after consultation with the instructor. Lab makeups must be scheduled by the end of the week that the lab is missed and must be completed by the end of the following week. Students who simply show up at a different lab section will not be admitted to that lab. Missing prelab lecture or showing up late for the prelab lecture will be considered an absence (which will not be considered as an excused absence) and the student will not be permitted to participate in that laboratory period. The student will receive a zero for the laboratory. (NOTE: I do not check my Lycoming in the evenings or on weekends.) Accommodations for Students with Disabilities Lycoming College provides academic support for students who officially disclose diagnosed learning, physical, and psychological disabilities. If you have a diagnosed disability and would like to seek accommodations, please contact Jilliane BoltMichewicz, Assistant Dean of Academic Services/Director of the Academic Resource Center. Dean BoltMichewicz will help you arrange for appropriate academic accommodations. She can be reached by calling (570) , ing michewicz@lycoming.edu, or visiting her office (Academic Resource Center, 3rd Floor of Snowden Library). Overall Laboratory Grade The overall lab grade is calculated based on the following. The total is converted into a percentage, which is used to find the number of points from lab in the overall Chemistry 110 grade. Please be aware that a point in lab is NOT the same as a point in the overall course. NO STUDENT WILL PASS THE COURSE WITH LESS THAN A SCORE OF 60% IN THE LABORATORY PORTION OF THE COURSE. Laboratory Reports (Ten 40 points each) Laboratory Quizzes (Three 20 points each) POINTS Laboratory Performance 20 Laboratory Drawer and Breakage 20 TOTAL POINTS 500 2

3 Laboratory Safety Unsafe behavior in the laboratory will not be tolerated. Repeated unsafe behavior will result in a reduction of your grade (1 st offense ZERO for experiment; 2 nd and additional offenses 20% reduction of final lab grade) As a student chemist, you will be working in many situations that demand your utmost care and attention to protect not only yourself, but your lab mates, instructors, and the environment. Preparation and careful, patient work is needed to obtain the results required of each experiment. Laboratory Safety Guidelines You must prepare for each experiment by reading the procedure before arriving for lab each week. Safety glasses must be worn at ALL times when inside the laboratory. You may not eat, drink, or use tobacco. No horseplay will be tolerated. Unauthorized, independent experiments are not permitted. Shoes must completely cover your foot, front and back. NO sandals, clogs, etc. Long pants must be worn. NO shorts, capris, cropped pants, etc. Longsleeved shirts are recommended. NO tank tops, sleeveless shirts, or bare midriffs. All accidents and injuries must be reported immediately to the instructor or TA! You should know the location of all exits and emergency equipment (fire extinguishers, fire blanket, eye wash, showers, etc.) If you are unsure if you are performing a technique safely, ask the instructor or TA first. Wearing contact lenses in the lab is highly discouraged. If you do wear them in lab, you MUST inform the lab instructor and you are recommended to wear a full goggle. You should wear older clothes they could be stained or ruined during lab. Use common sense and your intuition if it seems dangerous, ask first! Chemical reagents MUST be disposed of properly. If you are unsure how to dispose of an excess chemical, ask your instructor or TA before doing anything. Laboratory bench MUST be cleaned after each lab period. Repeat offenses will have points deducted from laboratory performance grade! 3

4 Laboratory Schedule Date Experiment What s Due Aug. 257 Orientation, CheckIn, Laboratory Safety PRELAB in G40 Sep. 13 The Measurement of Mass and Volume: Density of Liquids and Solids TOA for Density Sep. 810 The Separation of a Mixture TOA for Separation Report for Density Sep Sep. 224 Qualitative Organic Analysis (QOAFour Week Experiment) Week 1: Distillation and Measurement of the Boiling Point (BP) of a Solvent Week 2: Freezing Point (FP), Density, and Infrared (IR) Spectrum of the Solvent PRELAB in G40 TOA for Distillation Report for Separation NO PRELAB TOA for FP, Density, and IR Sep. 29Oct. 1 Week 3: Recrystallization of the Solute LAB QUIZ ONE in G40 TOA for Recrystallization Report for QOA Weeks 1 Oct. 68 Oct Oct. 202 Oct. 279 Week 4: Melting Point (MP), Gas Chromatography (GC), and IR Spectroscopy of the Solute Synthesis of Alum (Potassium Aluminum Sulfate) from Aluminum Scrap Finish Alum Lab Analysis of Glucose in Sports Drinks Determination of Glucose and Fructose Concentrations in Common Beverages NO PRELAB TOA for MP, GC, and IR TOA for Alum Report for QOA Weeks 34 TOA for Glucose LAB QUIZ TWO in G40 TOA for Fructose Reports for Alum and Glucose Nov. 35 Atomic Weight of a Metal TOA for Atomic Weight Report for Fructose Nov Calorimetry, H, and Hess Law TOA for Calorimetry Report for Atomic Weight Nov The Nine Bottle Problem TOA for Nine Bottle Report for Calorimetry Nov. 246 THANKSGIVING NO LAB Dec. 13 CheckOut LAB QUIZ THREE in G40 Report for Nine Bottle. Turn in Key. 4

5 Material Covered on Laboratory Quizzes Subject matter which may be included on laboratory quizzes is as follows: Calculations associated with the CHEM 110 lab reports (density, sig figs, % error, etc.) Operation of lab equipment and basic techniques (how to read a graduated cylinder, explain how to do a filtration, etc.) Laboratory safety Names and formulas (From list below and chemicals used in lab) All Laboratory Manual Chapters covered up to the date of the quiz (IR, GC, UVVis, MP, Distillation, etc. Appendices and Moodle tutorials are fair game on any quiz!) Chemical Elements and their Common Ions (Names and Symbols/Ions) Common Polyatomic Ions and their Neutral Acids and Bases (Names and Formulas) Group 1: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs forms +1 cations Group 2: Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba forms +2 cations Group 13: B, Al forms +3 cations Group 14: C, Si, Ge, Pb Carbon group Group 15: N, P, As, Sb Nitrogen group or Pnictogens Group 16: O, S, Se, Te forms anions Group 17: F, Cl, Br, I forms 1 anions Group 18: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe Noble Gases Period 4: Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn Period 5: Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd Period 6: Pt, Au, Hg Acetate CH 3COO Acetic Acid CH 3COOH Carbonate CO 3 Carbonic Acid H 2CO 3 Hydrogen Carbonate (or HCO 3 Carbonic Acid H 2CO 3 bicarbonate) Hydroxide OH Water H 2O Nitrite NO 2 Nitrous Acid HNO 2 Nitrate NO 3 Nitric Acid HNO 3 Phosphate 3 PO 4 Phosphoric Acid H 3PO 4 Hydrogen Phosphate HPO 4 Phosphoric Acid H 3PO 4 Dihydrogen Phosphate H 2PO 4 Phosphoric Acid H 3PO 4 Hydrogen Sulfite HSO 3 Sulfurous Acid H 2SO 3 Sulfate SO 4 Sulfuric Acid H 2SO 4 Hydrogen Sulfate (or HSO 4 Sulfuric Acid H 2SO 4 bisulfate) Peroxide O 2 Hydrogen Peroxide H 2O 2 Permanganate MNO 4 Chromate CrO 4 Dichromate Cr 2O 7 Cyanide CN Ammonium + NH 4 Ammonia NH 3 Hydronium H 3O + Water H 2O 5