Chem. 1A Midterm 1 Version A October 19, 2018
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1 First initial of last name Chem. 1A Midterm 1 Version A October 19, 2018 Name: Print Neatly. You will lose 1 point if I cannot read your name or perm number. Perm Number: All work must be shown on the exam for partial credit. Points will be taken off for incorrect or missing units. Calculators are allowed. Cell phones may not be used as calculators. On fundamental and challenge problems you must show your work in order to receive credit for the problem. If your cell phone goes off during the exam, you will have your exam removed from you. Fundamentals (of 36 possible) Problem 1 (of 20 possible) Problem 2 (of 14 possible) Multiple Choice (of 30 possible) Midterm Total (of 100 possible) 1
2 Fundamental Questions Each of these fundamental chemistry questions is worth 6 points. You must show work to get credit. Little-to-no partial credit will be awarded. Make sure to include the correct units on your answers. 1) 6 pts A robot spacecraft returned samples from the planetesimal Aleks, located in the outer Solar System. Mass-spectroscopic analysis produced the following data on the isotopes of tin in these samples: Isotope Mass (amu) Relative Abundance 114 Sn % 115 Sn % Use these measurements to complete the entry for tin in the Periodic Table that would be used on Aleks. Round your entry for the atomic mass to 5 significant digits. Caution: your correct answer will have the same format but not necessarily the same numbers as the entry for tin in the Periodic Table we use here on Earth. You must show your work to get credit. Sn Tin has 50 protons therefore the atomic number is 50 atomic mass = (frac114 Sn) (m114 Sn ) + (frac115 Sn) (m115 Sn ) atomic mass = (. 924)( amu) + (0.076)(114.90amu) = amu 2) 6 pts Fill in the following table Short Hand Notation 37 Cl - 23 Na + 81 Br U 6+ # of Protons # of neutrons # of electrons Mass number ) 6 pts How many significant figures does have? 9 Do the follow calculation making sure to report your answer to the correct significant figures. 12.0( ) = =
3 4) 2 pts What is the name of PCl 5? Phosphorus pentachloride 2 pts What is the name of Fe(MnO 4) 2? Iron(II) permanganate 2 pts What is the name of H 3PO 4(aq)? Phosphoric acid 5) 6 pts There are three compounds, each made up of elements A and B. If the formula for compound 1 is AB what is the formula for compounds 2 and 3. You must show work to get credit. Mass of A Mass of B Compound g 1.96 g Compound g 0.98 g Compound g 12.7 g From compound 1 to compound 2 the mass of B is cut in half, therefore, the formula is A 2B. Scale compound 3 to have mass of A = 0.86 g Mass of A Mass of B Compound g g = 0.86 g 12.7 g g = 0.49 g From compound 2 to compound 3 the mass of B is cut in half therefore, the formula is A 4B. 6) 6 pts What is the mass percentage of Cl in NaCl? mass % Cl = m Cl 100% m total Assume 1 mole NaCl Calculate m tot Calculate m Cl 1 mol NaCl ( 1 mol NaCl ( Calculate mass % Cl mass % Cl = g NaCl 1 mol NaCl ) = g NaCl 1 mol Cl g Cl ) ( mol NaCl 1 mol Cl ) = g Cl g 100% = % Cl g 3
4 Challenge Problems Each of the following short answer questions are worth the noted points. Partial credit will be given. You must show your work to get credit. Make sure to include proper units on your answer. 1a) 15 pts A reaction vessel contains 10.0 g of CO and 10.0 g of O 2. What is left in the reaction vessel (in grams) after the reaction goes to completion? The reaction that occurs is: 2CO(g) + O 2(g) 2CO 2(g) This is a limiting reagent problem. Calculate the n Co 1 mol CO 10.0 g CO ( ) = mol CO Calculate the n O g CO 10.0 g O 2 ( 1 mol O g O 2 ) = mol O 2 Calculate the n O2 to fully react all of the CO mol CO ( 1 mol O 2 2 mol CO 2 Since we have mol of O 2, CO and we only need mol O 2 the limiting reagent is CO. CO (L.R) O 2 CO 2 Initial (mol) Change (mol) -2x= x= x= Final (mol) x=0 x= Calculate m O2 left after the reaction mol O 2 ( g O 2 1 mol O2 ) = 4.26 g O 2 Calculate m CO2 formed from the reaction mol CO 2 ( g CO 2 1 mol CO 2 ) = 15.7 g CO 2 1b) 5 pts If you calculated that you would make 9.1 g of CO 2 and only 7.9 g of CO 2 were made, what was your percent yield? % Yield = actual theoretical 7.9 g 100% = 100% = 87% 9.1 g 4
5 1a) 14 pts You have two distinct gaseous compounds made form element X and Y. The mass percents are as follows: Compound I: 30.43% X and 69.57% Y Compound II: 63.64% X and 36.36% Y In their natural standard states, element X and element Y exist as gases. (Monatomic? Diatomic? Triatomic? That is for you to determine.) When you react gas X with gas Y to make the products, you get the following data (all at standard pressure and temperature): 1 volume gas X + 2 volumes gas Y 2 volumes compound I 2 volumes gas X + 1 volume gas Y 2 volumes compound II Assume the simplest possible formulas for reactants and products in these chemical equations. Then determine the relative atomic masses of element X and Y. For gases the volume is proportional to the number of particles. Since it is proportional, we can simplify the problem by assuming that 1 particle = 1 V. For reaction 1: 1 V (X?) + 2 V (Y?) 2 V (X?Y?) The only way to form 2 particles of product (compound 1) is to have X be a diatomic (X 2). For reaction 2: 2 V (X 2) + 1 V (Y?) 2 V (X?Y?) The only way to form 2 particles of product (compound 2) is to have Y be a diatomic (Y 2) This suggests that compound 1 is XY 2 and compound 2 is X 2Y. The mass percent data can be used to check the formulas. Compound 1 (XY 2) is 30.45% X and 69.57% Y. If you have 100 g then g are X and g are Y. Therefore, the relative mass ratio of X:Y is 30.45: You could have done the same thing using compound 2(X 2Y). If you have 100 g then g are X and g and Y. Therefore, the relative mass ration of X:Y is 31.82: Both of these simplify to 1:
6 Multiple Choice Questions On the ParScore form, you need to fill in your answers, perm number, test version, and name. Failure to do any of these things will result in the loss of 1 point. Your perm number is placed and bubbled in under the ID number. Do not skip boxes or put in a hyphen; unused boxes should be left blank. Bubble in your test version (A) under the test form. Note: Your ParScore form will not be returned to you, therefore, for your records, you may want to mark your answers on this sheet. Each multiple-choice question is worth 5 points. 1. How many of the following statements are true concerning balanced chemical equations? i. The number of molecules is conserved. ii. Coefficients indicate mass ratios of the substances involved. iii. Atoms are neither created nor destroyed. iv. The sum of the coefficients on the left side equal the sum of the coefficients on the right side. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 0 E) 5 2. Caffeine consists of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. When g of caffeine is burned in an excess of oxygen, g of carbon dioxide and g water are formed. Caffeine is 28.84% nitrogen by mass. Its molar mass is between 190 and 200 g/mol. What is the formula for caffeine? A) C 6H 4N 4O 4 B) C 8H 10N 4O 2 C) C 3H 2N 2O 2 D) C 4H 5N 2O E) none of these 3. Which of the following compounds has the same percent composition by mass as styrene, C 8H 8? A) α-ethyl naphthalene, C 12H 12 B) acetylene, C 2H 2 C) benzene, C 6H 6 D) cyclobutadiene, C 4H 4 E) all of these 4. Consider the following balanced equation: A(g) + 5B(g) 3C + 4D When equal masses of A and B are reacted, which is limiting? A) If the molar mass of A is greater than the molar mass of B, then B must be limiting. B) If the molar mass of A is less than the molar mass of B, then A must be limiting. C) If the molar mass of A is less than the molar mass of B, then B must be limiting. D) If the molar mass of A is greater than the molar mass of B, then A must be limiting. E) More information is needed. 6
7 5. According to the law of definite proportions, A) it is not possible for the same two elements to form more than one compound. B) the ratio of the masses of the elements in a compound is always the same. C) if the same two elements form two different compounds, they do so in the same ratio. D) the total mass after a chemical change is the same as before the change. 6. How many of the following have the correct name and formula? PbS: lead(iv) sulfide NaCl: sodium chlorine Zn 2S: zinc sulfide Ag 3P: silver phosphide Ga 3O 2: gallium oxide A) 0 B) 3 C) 4 D) 2 E) 1 A,B,E,C,B,E 7
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