Space Test Review Unit Test on Thursday April 17 True/False 1. A(n) asteroid is a massive collection of gases in space that emits large amounts of energy. 2. A(n) moon is a large, round celestial object that travels around a star. 3. Planets are luminous. 4. Stars produce and emit their own light, which makes them luminous. 5. The Sun is an example of a(n) planet. 6. Nine planets travel around the Sun. 7. Everything that exists, including all matter, energy, and space make up the Universe. 8. A(n) reflecting telescope is a telescope the uses lenses to gather and focus light. 9. The surface of the Moon is very smooth. 10. Absolute magnitude is a measurement of how bright an object is when viewed from Earth. 11. A red star is hotter than a blue star. 12. A star with an absolute magnitude of 1.4 is brighter than a star with absolute magnitude 4.8. 13. In the heliocentric model of the Solar System, Earth is at the centre. 14. The distance between Earth and the Sun is one light year. 15. A(n) comet is a small celestial object made of rock or metal that is smaller than an asteroid. 16. A meteoroid that burns up as it travels through Earth s atmosphere, creating a bright streak of light in the sky, is called a(n) meteor. 17. The eight planets in our Solar System rotate around the Sun. 18. As Earth rotates, the portion of Earth facing away from the Sun experiences day. Multiple Choice 19. Which statement best describes luminosity? a. It is a measure of the surface temperature of a celestial object. b. It is a measurement of how bright a star appears when viewed from Earth. c. It is the amount of energy given off by a star. d. It is a measure of how bright an object would be if it were 33 light years from Earth. 20. Which term describes any object that exists in space? a. celestial object c. planet b. star d. asteroid 21. Which term describes a massive collection of gases in space that emits large amounts of energy? a. star c. asteroid b. planet d. crater 22. How many planets travel around the Sun? a. 6 c. 8 b. 7 d. 9 23. Which of the following is a terrestrial planet? a. Mercury c. Saturn b. Jupiter d. Neptune 24. Which planet is a gas giant? a. Venus c. Mars b. Earth d. Uranus
25. Which feature makes Earth different from all the other planets in the Solar System? a. Earth is the largest. b. Earth is the only planet made of solid material. c. Earth is the only planet made mostly of gases and a small rocky core. d. Earth is the only planet that contains liquid water and living things. 26. Which planet has no moons? a. Venus c. Saturn b. Jupiter d. Mars 27. Which planet has more than 60 moons? a. Jupiter c. Venus b. Mercury d. Mars 28. Which is the largest of all the planets? a. Jupiter c. Uranus b. Saturn d. Neptune 29. Which planet is famous for its rings? a. Saturn c. Venus b. Mercury d. Mars 30. Which term describes the small, rocky, irregularly shaped celestial objects that orbit the Sun? a. moons c. planets b. asteroids d. stars 31. Which of the following is the only celestial object humans have landed on? a. Moon c. Mars b. Sun d. Venus 32. Which of the following is an example of a dwarf planet? a. Pluto c. Saturn b. Neptune d. Uranus 33. Which term describes gases and charged particles that are blasted above an active region of the Sun s photosphere? a. sunspot c. solar wind b. solar flare d. aurora 34. How fast does light travel in space? a. 300 000 km/s c. 3000 km/s b. 100 000 km/s d. 1000 km/s 35. What is the luminosity of the Sun? a. 0 c. 10 b. 1 d. 100 36. The apparent magnitudes of four celestial objects are shown on this scale. Which object appears most faint when viewed from Earth? a. Moon c. Sirius b. Venus d. Vega
37. The apparent magnitudes of four celestial objects are shown on this scale. Which object appears brightest when viewed from Earth? a. Moon b. Venus c. Sirius d. Vega 38. What colour are the coldest stars? a. red c. white b. yellow d. blue 39. Which group of stars is the hottest? a. white dwarfs c. red supergiants b. red giants d. blue supergiants Use the diagram for question 40 and 41 40. Which star shown in the chart is the coldest? a. Vega c. Alpha Centauri B b. Rigel d. Sirius B 41. Which star shown in the chart is the hottest? a. Vega c. our Sun b. Rigel d. Alpha Centauri B 42. Which of the following is a measurement of how bright an object would be if it were 33 ly from Earth? a. luminosity c. absolute magnitude b. apparent magnitude d. light year
43. Which term describes a huge, rotating collection of gas, dust, stars, planets, and other celestial objects? a. galaxy c. Universe b. Solar System d. star cluster 44. What type of galaxy is shown in this figure? a. elliptical b. irregular c. lenticular d. spiral 45. Which term describes a meteoroid that burns up as it travels through Earth s atmosphere, forming a bright streak of light in the sky? a. meteor c. asteroid b. comet d. crater 46. Which term describes a large celestial object made of ice, rock, and dust that orbits the Sun? a. comet c. meteoroid b. meteor d. asteroid 47. About how many days does it take Earth to make one revolution around the Sun? a. 30 c. 365 b. 180 d. 520 48. What causes Earth s seasons to change? a. distance from the Sun c. phases of the moon b. rotation around an axis d. tilt 49. In the northern hemisphere, the summer solstice occurs around which date? a. March 21 c. July 21 b. June 21 d. August 21 50. In the northern hemisphere, the winter solstice occurs around which date? a. September 21 c. January 21 b. December 21 d. February 21 51. Which term describes a day when the hours of daylight equal the hours of darkness? a. solstice c. azimuth b. equinox d. altitude 52. How many degrees is Earth s rotational axis tilted from the vertical? a. 23.5 c. 30.5 b. 24.0 d. 48.0 53. Which planet does not have seasons? a. Mercury c. Mars b. Uranus d. Saturn
54. Which planet has extreme seasons because it has an axis that is so tilted? a. Uranus c. Earth b. Jupiter d. Moon 55. What is the name of the asterism shown here? a. The Big Dipper b. Cassiopeia c. Cepheus d. Draco 56. What is the name of the space research laboratory that has been in orbit outside Earth s atmosphere since 1998? a. Hubble Space Telescope c. International Space Station b. James Webb Space Telescope d. XMM-Newton 57. At what average speed does the International Space Station travel as it orbits Earth? a. 27 700 km/h c. 700 km/h b. 27 km/h d. 2770 km/h 58. The International Space Station is orbiting at about how many kilometres above Earth? a. 320 km c. 32 km b. 3.2 km d. 3200 km Matching Match each example with the correct type of celestial object. Answer choices may be used more than once. a. star b. dwarf planet c. galaxy d. inner planet e. outer planet 60. Polaris 65. Milky Way 69. Saturn 61. Mercury 66. Uranus 70. Mars 62. Pluto 67. Sirius 71. Sun 63. Jupiter 68. Venus 72. Neptune 64. Earth Short Answer 73. Caleb claims that on a very clear night, when he looks at the sky from his backyard, he is able to see all of the stars in space. Is Caleb s claim correct? Give a reason for your answer. 74. Write a short paragraph describing the aurora borealis. 75. Based on the information in this chapter, how do you use energy from the Sun in your everyday life? 76. Describe the daily living practices, such as eating, washing, and exercising, for an astronaut in space.