Honors Physics Semester 2 Final Exam Review 1600 kg 800 kg 9 m/s truck with mass 1600 kg collides with a car with mass 800 kg at rest. They stick together and continue to move to the right. 1. What is the total momentum of the system before the collision? 2. What happens to the total momentum of the system after the collision? 3. What is the velocity of the pair after the collision 4. Compare the force of the truck on the car to the car on the truck during the collision. 1.0 kg low-friction non-plunger cart is moving toward a 0.50 kg low-friction plunger. The carts collide and the spring is compressed and the carts momentarily come to a stop as shown. 5. How do the forces on each of the carts compare? 6. How do the accelerations of each of the carts compare? 7. How do the changes in momentum p of the carts compare? 8. Why is it safer for a pole-vaulter fall onto a puffy mat than onto the ground? 9. Is it possible for a bullet and a baseball to have the same momentum? 10. Why do you think medieval catapults had very long flinging arms? Human Cannon all is a carnival trick where a person is launched from a giant cannon. Suppose that the person has a mass of 80 kg and the cannon a mass of 800 kg. When the daredevil is launched 11. Which exerts more force, the cannon on the man or the man on the cannon? 12. ased on mass which will have larger change in velocity the cannon or cannon ball? 13. If the cannon applies an average force of 1000 N to the man for 0.50 seconds, at what speed does the man leave the cannon? 14. t what speed does the cannon move backward?
Honors Physics Semester 2 Final Exam Review Page 2 Imagine that a steel ball is swung in a horizontal circle at a constant speed. 15. In what direction does the velocity of the ball point? E D C 16. In what direction does the acceleration of the ball point? 17. re the forces balanced or unbalanced? How do you know? Top View 18. In what direction does the unbalanced force on the ball point?? 19. What is the nickname we give to the unbalanced force on the ball? What provides that unbalanced force? U6S0 20. What provides the outward force on the ball? 21. If you increased the force on the ball by a factor of three what would happen to the speed of the ball? 22. Look back at the original picture above. t the position shown the string breaks. Which path will the ball take? 23. Describe the path of the ball after the string breaks. To conduct a physics experiment we took some physics students and bicycles onto the high school track. The rider and bicycle have a total mass of 99 kg. On the bicycle he rode the 100 m turn in 8 seconds. The radius of the turn was 33 meters. 24. What is the average speed of the rider? 25. What is the centripetal force necessary for the runner to make the turn? 26. What provides the centripetal force necessary for the runner to make the turn? 27. In what direction must the runner lean to make the turn? 28. t what angle must the runner lean to make the turn? 29. What is the minimum coefficient of friction necessary for the runner to take the turn without slipping?
Honors Physics Semester 2 Final Exam Review Page 3 30. s the Earth orbits the Sun, how many forces are on the Earth (ignore any forces by the moon)? 31. Where does the net (unbalanced) force on the Earth point? 32. If the Earth were twice as far from the Sun, the force of gravity on the Earth would be about 33. Which force is bigger the Earth on the Sun or the Sun on the Earth? F Earth on Sun = F Sun on Earth t the right is a picture of a comet moving in an elliptical orbit around a star. ssume that the comet moves from to to C. 34. t which of the locations in the orbit at the right is the force on the comet the greatest? The least? How do you know? F is the greatest at C and the least at. The closer it is the greater the force. C 35. t which of the locations in the orbit at the right is the comet moving the fastest? The slowest? How do you know? The comet is the fastest at C and slowest at. The closer it is the faster it is going. 36. Draw an arrow at each position that shows the force on the comet by the star? 37. Draw an arrow at each position that shows the velocity of the comet? 38. Define: U6S12 Year the time it takes for the Earth to go around the sun once. Day the time it takes for the Earth to spin around once. Month the time it takes for the moon to go around the Earth once. Mercury is the closest planet to the sun. It has a mass of 3.30 x 10 23 kg and a radius of 2.44 x 10 6 meters. 39. What is the acceleration due to gravity on Mercury? 3.8 m/s/s 40. What would be the gravitational force between a 200 kg astronaut and Mercury if he were standing on the surface? 760 N
Honors Physics Semester 2 Final Exam Review Page 4 Pictured below is a new roller coaster. physics student riding and the coaster car have a combined mass of 200 kg. The car is at rest at point and there is no braking at point D. ssume no friction between the coaster car and the track. 125 m C 60 m 15 m D 41. Rank the total energy from least to greatest. 42. Rank the gravitational energy from least to greatest. 43. Rank the kinetic energy from least to greatest. 44. Rank the speed of the cart from least to greatest. 45. What happens to the energy as the cart rolls from to? 46. Determine the student s gravitational energy at point. 47. Determine the student s kinetic energy at point. 48. t point, her height is only 15 m. Determine her gravitational energy and kinetic energies at point. 49. t point D the coaster is on the ground and still moving. How fast is it going at Point D? On a real rollercoaster friction (both from the track and the air) are very present. 50. Draw pie charts for a real rollercoaster as it moves from points to to C to D?
Honors Physics Semester 2 Final Exam Review Page 5 crane lifts a steel girder of mass 1000 kg to a height of 45 meters. 51. Did the crane do work on the girder? How do you know? 1000 kg 52. How much work was done by the crane s motor? 53. If the motor pulls the girder up in 30 seconds what is the power output of the motor? 45 m k = 200 N/m m = 0.5 kg x = 0.20 m μ = 0.60 μ = 0 d = 1 m 0.50 kg block that was being pushed against a spring is released from rest. The spring pushes the block which slides along a rough surface and then up a frictionless ramp and comes to a stop near the top of the ramp. 54. What happens to the total energy of the system as the block is pushed off of the spring; slides over the rough surface and then up the hill? 55. What is the speed of the block just after it leaves the spring? 56. What is the speed of the block as it leaves the rough surface? 57. To what vertical height does the block go? 58. Write one sentence that describes the spring constant. 59. What is the force that you would have to apply to hold the block against the spring?
Honors Physics Semester 2 Final Exam Review Page 6 Two charged metal spheres and are separated by a distance of 0.02 meters. Sphere has a charge of +7.0 x 10-7 C and sphere has a charge of +4.0 x 10-7 C. In addition, sphere has twice the surface area as sphere. 60. How will the spheres move if released? d = 0.02 m 61. Which supplies more force, on or on? 62. Calculate the force of on. 63. How much charge will have if the objects are touched together then separated to the original positions? 64. What happens to the force of on when the distance between the charged objects is doubled? n aluminum can was made positive charged by a fun fly stick. The charged can is then moved toward a neutral aluminum can. 65. How did the charged can get charged? 66. Draw the charge distribution on the neutral can? + + + 67. If the neutral can were free to move, how would it move? 68. If the cans touched how would they move? The voltage between the two prongs in an outlet in your home is 120 V. 69. What is the current through a 60 Watt bulb? 70. What is the resistance of the 60 Watt bulb? 71. How much energy is used by the 60 watt lamp in 2 minutes?
Honors Physics Semester 2 Final Exam Review Page 7 Use the diagram at the right to answer the following questions. 72. What is the total resistance provided by the resistors? a 2 Ω b 73. What are the currents through the point a, b and c? 74. What is the voltage across the 4 Ω resistor (measured from b to c)? 12 V 4 Ω c Use the diagram at the right to answer the following questions. 75. What is the total resistance provided by the resistors? 76. What are the currents through the points a, b and c? 77. What is the voltage across the 4 Ω resistor (measured from point b to point c)? 12 V 78. Numerically compare the total resistance of each branch of a hypothetical circuit. ranch ranch 79. Given the circuit at the right, which of the bulbs will light up? 1 80. Given the circuit at the right, which of the bulbs will be the brightest? 2 4 3