hmeyw þ 4 e- w þ 3 m{x-kv-]µ\w {Xn-b t -a-k-`-bp-ss ss{x-amkn-i hmà- m-]-{xni Pqem-bv IÀ- nsiw

hmeyw þ 4 e- w þ 3 m{x-kv-]µ\w {Xn-b t -a-k-`-bp-ss ss{x-amkn-i hmà- m-]-{xni Pqem-bv 2018 1193 IÀ- nsiw

Kshatraspandanam Quarterly News Magazine of Kshatriya Kshema Sabha July 2018 M.E.1193 Karkkidakam Volume 4 Issue 3 hnj-b-hn-hcw {]kn-u ns IØv 5 ti{μ-k`m hm Ø-Iƒ 7 ticf hymk 9 {io i -cm-nm-cy-cpss km[-\-]- Iw 11 sim n kzcq]w 14 hntæm sxmgpw thz- mtº Hs -Sp- s 19 NXp m-a-bm{x 21 apø- 24 thwmsv 25 ]cn-anxhmh {In - ns Xºp-cm 29 h Æ-a-lna 30 Ifn-b-c-ßnse A v efn-x-am 31 {Xnb {]Xn-`m-im-en-Iƒ 34 B amhv 39 BwK-e-`m-jsb kvt\ln Xºp-cm n 42 inhm-h-xm-c-ßƒ 44 h o-i-aw-kfw Hcp ^vfmjv_m v 46 cmp-knwlw 47 If-sa-gpØpw ]m pw ] o-cm-bn-chpw 49 H p Ipd \mev]xv 50 a[p-a-g, s]m m 51 elp-]m-niw 52 A\- -]pcw sim m-c-ønse _me-k-w-]xn 53 h j-_n-μp ƒ 54 Rudyard Kipling 54 hf-cp {]Xn-`-Iƒ 55 _me-thzn 57 ]pkvx-i-pm-eiw 59 bqwn v hm Ø-Iƒ hnti-j-ßƒ 60 sshhm-lniw 69 apjy ]{Xm-[n-] : Fw. chn-h Ω cmp FUn-t m-dn-b AssUz-k : si.-f. {ioir-jvw-zmkv ]{Xm-[n-]-k-anXn: tum. Fw.efn-Xmw-_nI, ]{Xm-[n-]- p-dn v m{x-kv]μ\w {Xnb t ak`-bpss ss{xamkni hm Øm-]-{XnI Pqsse- - -2018 1193 I n-siw hmeyw 4 e w 3 πmkv niv `oj-wn-s -Xnsc "πmãniv aen-\o-i-c-w-an- mø temiw' F Xv 2018se `ua- Zn-\-Øns ap{zm-hm-iyw. "πmãn- ns\ \n Ωm \w snøpi' F Xv 2018 temi ]cn-ÿnxnzn\-øns ap{zm-hm-iyw. c pw IqSn tn Øv hmbn- p-tºmƒ πmãniv sim v `qanbv v aæn\pw Pe-Øn\pw hmbp-hn\pw D m-ip aen-\o-i-cww A{X \n m-cambn X m-\m-hn F Xv BtKm-f-X-e-Øn Bfp-Iƒ a\- n- em- Ww F pw As - n AXns {]Xym-LmXw Gsd hep- Xm-bn-cn pw F pw D ap -dn-bn v IqSn-bmWv Cu ap{zm-hm-iyßƒ F v \ap v a\- n-em- mw. ]s πmãn- n- msx \ap n v Pohn- m ] ptam? C F -XmWv kxyw. `mc- p-d-hv, Xmsg howm s]m m-xn-cn- p-i, GXm-Ir-Xn-bnepw cq]-s -Sp-Øm ] pi, KmV Aæ/ mc-tøm- Sp-t]mepw {]Xn-{]-h Øn- m-xn-cn- pi XpS-ßnb KpW-ßsfms πmãn- ns\ Bfp-Iƒ v {]nb-s - -Xm- p- p. 2016 am{xw 33½ timsn S πmãniv Dev]- -ß-fmWv temi-øp- m- n-b-xv. {lkz- Imew Bh-iy-Øn\v Zo L-Ime amen-\y-ambn InS- p πmãn- mwv ap ]- n-bn. Imcn-_m-Kp-Iƒ, samss_ tikp-iƒ, ^vfivkv t_m Up-Iƒ, sx tam-t mƒ ]m nwkv sa o-cn-b, Ip n- Iƒ, Ifn- m- -ßƒ F p-th Ch-sb mw Ipd p ka-bsø Bhiyw Ign- v hen-s -dn-bp-i-bm-wv \mw snøp- Xv. CXv aæn- \-Sn-bn InS- m aæn-te v hmbp FØn-t -cp- -Xn\v hnlv\w hcpw; sh w thkw hm p t]mip-i-bn-. Aßs\ aæns KpWsØ _m[n- pw. πmãn pw \\- N pw Nhdpw tdmu-cn-in-en v Xo IØn- p- Xv \mw Znh-tk\ ImWp- p- v. Cßs\ IØn- p-tºm-gp- m-ip Utbm-Ivkn (Im _, ssl{u-p, t mdn, HmIvkn-P F nh AS-ßnb Hcp hnj-hm-xiw), ]pi F nh \mw XpS -bmbn izkn- m-\n-s-bm-bm izmk-timi kw_- -amb Akp-J-ßfpw A _p- Zhpw hcm-\p km yxiƒ X n fbm-\m-in-. πmãn- p-iƒ aæn Gsd-\mƒ InS v hfsc t\cnb Ij-W-ß-fmbn (microplastics) sh -Øn sn p-tn-cp- p. AXv \ZnIfn IqSn HgpIn kap-{z- Ønepw FØp- p. Cu sh -ap-]-tbm-kn- p Pe-Po-hn-I-fpsS Btcm-KysØ CXp kmc-ambn _m[n- p- p. Aßs\ πmãniv kie taj-e-i-fnepw h "s]mfyq-j ' Bbn amdp- p. t]pv 4 s{]m^. tkma-h Ω-cm-P, F. DZ-b-h Ω, B. chn-h Ω, s{]m^. hrμm-tzhn Xºp-cm. FIvkv. H^ntjym AwK-ßƒ : {]kn-u v, P\-d sk{i- -dn, {Sj-d {Xn-b-t -a-k` apj-nn{xw: GI-Zn\ {In - ns inev]n tif- Xºp-cm, \oe- p-dn n ]qø-t mƒ CXn hcp hm Ø-Iƒ {Xn-b-t -a-k-`-bptstxm m{x-kv]μ\w ]{Xm-[n-]-kan-Xn-bp-sStbm Bbn-s m- -W-sa- n-. No^v FUn-

" m{xkv]-μ\w' Hmtcm e w Ign-bp-t mdpw si nepw a nepw D -S- -Ønepw ta p-ta ta ]pe Øp- ps v Adn-bn- -s! Biw-k-Iƒ. {]Zo]v "Nn -bw, ]n.-h. simtω-cn, timgn-t m-sv- 7 kwÿm\ t\xr-xz-øns 22/6/2018se "Xpd IØn-'eqsS kqnn- n _nkn-\ v Bh-iy-I-Xmtdmb FUyq-t -jw B Uv Nmcn- -_nƒ {SÃn-te v (REACT) kw`m-h\ kw-`m-h-\- \ In-b-h {ioaxn _nμp-h Ω, ] fw ]mekv - ` 25,000/- t_m[w `c-w-x-e-øn DS-se-Sp-Øn- p-s - Xv kzmk-xm l-am-wv. Cu Xncn- -dnhv GXv {]ÿm-\- Øn-s bpw D -a-\-øn\v AXy- m-t]- n-x-am-wv. k`-bpss `mhn tim`-\-am-ip- -Xns e -W-ambn Cu kao-]-\sø IW- m- m-hp- -Xp-amWv. A`n-\-μ-\-ßƒ!!! lcn-\-μ\ h Ω ssh w {Xnb t a-k-`, 9446445922 kw-`m-h-\- kzoi-cn- -h {io. \mcm-b-w Zneo]v h Ω, tn Øe ` 10,000/- tum. Fw. efn-xmw-_ni snb t]gvk, REACT ` 25,000/ {ioaxn at\m-c-a -X-ºp-cm- n ]q p- w, Xriq ` 5,000/- {io. n.-fw. cmp-tam-l-\, axn-c-t m-sv, Icn-sh- q, IÆq ` 10,000/- {io. apc-fo-[-c F.-sI.-, F.-sI.a-Tw, ]nem-ø-d, IÆq ` 10,000/- kw-`m-h-\-iƒ \ In klm-bn F m-htcmspw REACT s AssI-X-h-amb \μn tcjs -Sp-Ø-s. {ioaxn e van, t]m timf-\n, ]msq, ]me- msv ` 5,000/- Poh-Im-cpWy {]h Ø-\-ßƒ pw hnzym-`ymk klm-b-ßƒ pw th n kam-l-cn- p Cu ^ nte v kpa-\- p-ifpss klmbw {]Xo- n- s. XpI Abbv-t _m v A u v hnh-c-ßƒ: Syndicate Bank, Fort Branch, Tvm-695023, Current A/c No. 40052210014950, IFS Code: SYNB 0004005 πmkv niv `oj-wn XpS...- CXn\p ]cn-lmcw ImWm Kth-j-W-ßƒ \S- p-h-cp- p. πmãniv ^ W-kp-I-fn C -\-ambpw tdmuv Smdn-ßn\v _n p-ans IqsS tn m-\pw, "ss]tdm-en-knkv' \SØn cmk-]-cn-wm-a-øn-eqss FÆ-bm n am m\pw D {ia-ßƒ \S- p- p. hnp-bn- p-sa p {]Xym-in- mw. Kth-j-W-ßƒ Aßs\ Xzcn-X-K-Xn-bn \S- p- p-s - nepw Cu s]mfyq-j-\n \n v c t\sm \ΩpsS apºn Hcp IrXy-amb am -an-. AXn-\m \sω-s m p ] p- Xv πmãn- ns D]t`mKw Ipd-bv pi F Xp am{x-amwv. CsXßs\ snømw. 1. Imcn_mKp-Iƒ ]e-x-hw D]-tbm-Kn- p-i. 2. ^vfivkn\p ]I-cw XpWn D]-tbm-Kn- p-i. 3. πmãniv tim nwkv D I p-ifpw tπ pifpw ths p hbv p-i. 4. \ΩpsS Iøn-se-Øp πmãn pi-fn _nkv v, s{_uv XpS-ßn-b-h-bpsS Ih (Ch IgpIn kq n-t - Bh-iy-an- ); ]m Ih-dm- Is, ^mkv v ^puv Ih-dm-Is F mw Xs IgpIn hrøn-bm n DW n kq n- p-i. Aev]w an\-t -Sm-sW- n t]mepw CXp \mw snø-ww. CXv Recycling \mbn simsp- -Ww. Aßs\ Reduce, Reuse and Recycle F Imcy- Øn \Ωƒ Dd p \n m Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc πmãniv D]-t`m-Khpw ]cn-kc aen-\o-i-c-whpw Ipd-bv mw. 4 Pqsse 2018

- m{x-kv]μ\w {]kn-u ns IØv DØn-jvT-X, Pm{KX \njv{inb-xzw, Pohn-X-Øn A{]-Xo- nx {]Xn-k- niƒ v hgnsxfn- p-sa v [\ym-flm- fmb Kpcp-h-c IqsS- qss \sω- Hm Ω-s -Sp-Øm-dp- v. Imtem-Nn- X-amb DZvt_m-[-\-ß-fn qsn {]_p- -a-xn-iƒ a\p-jy-cm-insb I Ø-hy-t_m-[-Øn-te pw I Ωam -Øn-te pw \bn- p {]{Inb \ap mx-a-. A\p-bm-bn-Isf Be-ky-Øn \n p-w Øp- -Xn\pw, Bth-ia-cpfp -Xn\pw \S-Ønb Bflob {]`m-j-w-ß-fn Hfn- n-cn- p A x-kø Xs -bmwv api-fn Fgp-Xnb D]-\n-jØv kq -Øns Npcp- -hpw. D ml-an- msx AI Ω-Wy-cmbn Pohn- -p -h \ΩpsS kwkvimc-øn\p Xs `oj-wn-bm-wv. hnth-im-\-μ-\pw Km n-pnbpw tkmj-tebpw F mw {]`m-j-wß-fn qsn I Ω am -Øn-s t{ijvt-a-lxzw ]Tn- n- m {ian- ncp- p. {Xn-b-cn-ep- aqeyt_m- [hpw tkh-t\m- p-i-xbpw hfsc «ml-\o-b-am-wv. klnjvwp-x-bmwv \ΩpsS i n. GXp {]Xn-Iqe kml-n-cy-ßsfbpw t\cn v bp n-k-l-p-amb Xocp-am-\-ßƒ \S- n-em- p- -Xn- \p C m-i n \ap- p- v. Cu Dƒ -cp-øn-emwv kwl-s\ {]h Øn- p- -Xv. F nepw \ΩpsS kz]v\-]- -Xn-Isf bmym y-h -cn- p- -Xn- \p B -hhpw D m-lhpw kl-i-c-whpw {Xnb IpSp- _mw-k-ß-ƒ \n tem`w snmcns - n am{xta e y-{]m-]vxnbn-se-øp-i-bp- p. AwK-_-ew Xmc-X-tay\ Ipdhp kam\ apt m kwl-s- \-I-fn \n v, {Xnbt ak` _lp-zqcw ]n n-em-sw hkvxpx \mw ImWm-Xn-cp- p- Iq-Sm. ]cn-an-x-amb hn`-h-ß-fpss _e-øn D -X-amb e y-ßfn Xs -bmwv \mw IÆp \ n- p- -Xv. F nepw \ΩpsS Du -k-am-l-c-w-øn Fhn-sSsbm-s tbm \mw ]ng- p t]mip- p-s - Xp \nkvx -am-wv. kwl-s-\-bpss i n Cu Du kw`-c-w-øn\v B\p-]m-Xn- I-am-Wv. ]pxnb kwcw-`-ßƒ, Ah-bpsS Bh-iy-ßƒ, _ - s {]iv\-ßƒ, ]cnlmc am - ßƒ F mw ti{μ-k-anxn tbmkß-fn-emwv N bv p hcp -Xv. ti{μ/bqwn v {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ Ah-X-cn- n- p hnj-b-ßƒ hni-z-amb N v tij-amwv F m-h pw kzoim-cy-amb Xocpam-\-ß-fn-te-s -Øp- -Xv. Xocpam-\-ßƒ bqwn- p-i-fn-te-s -Ønt I Øhyw bqwn v {]Xn- \n-[n-i-fn \n n-]vx-am-wv. ]s Xocp-am-\-ßƒ ]e-t mgpw {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ hgn bqwn- p-i-fnse-øp- n-. ]e bqwn- p-i-fn \n pw Ah-cpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ ti{μkanxn tbmk-ß-fn FØn-t -cp- n-. Cu Be-ky- Øn \n pw \ap-s -ßns\ kzbw ap -amimw? GXm v aq p amksø CS-th-f-I-fn \S- p ti{μ-k-anxn tbmk-ßfn-emwv \n Æm-bI Xocp-am-\- ßƒ ssis m- p- -Xv. tbmkß-fn ]s -Sp- p- -h hfsc Bflm -ambn N -I-fn ]s -Sp- p-ibpw A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ tcj-s -Sp-Øp-Ibpw snøm-dp- v. ]s F m bqwn- p-i-fpssbpw hnim-c-hn-nm-c-ßƒ ti{μ-k-an-xn- I-fn Ah-X-cn- n-s - n am{x ta A na Xocp-am-\-ßƒ A - ]q Æ-am-hp-I-bp- p. Ign tbmk-øn c p {][m\ Xocp-am-\-ßƒ FSp- p-ibp- m-bn. 1) Cu sim sø hm jn-i-tbm-khpw (2) ASpØ h jw \S- p bph-p-t\m- - h-hpw. ÿe-ime ]cn-an-xn-isf hnk-wn v c p ]cn-]m-sn-ifpw hnp-bn n- pi F p- Xv F m {Xnb IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fpsSbpw IS-a-bm-Wv. Hmtcm hm jni ktω-f\ hpw kap-zm-bmw-k-ß-fpss sfiy hpw i nbpw sxfn-bn- p Xmh-Ww. bqwn- p-xe N -Ifn IqSn AwK-ßsf k -cm- p {]{Inb Imte- q n XpSßp- Xv \ m-bn-cn- pw. Icn-sh- q-cn GXm v Hcp Zim-_vZ- m-e-øn-\p-tijw \S- p hm jn-i-øns {]uvnbpw A pw Db Øn- n-sn p- -Xn\p AwK-ß-fpsS i -amb ] mfnøw Bh-iy-L-S-I-am-Wv. 2015- \S bph-p-t\m- - h-øns a[p-cn- p Hm Ω-Iƒ ASpØ bph-p-t\m- -h-øn\v {]tnm-z-\-ta-ip-sa- p-d- m-wv. IqSp-X C\-ß-fn a -c-ßƒ kwl-sn- n- p-hm-\mwv ti{μk-`bpss \o w. D -h-øns hnp-b-]-cm-p-b-ßƒ Iq mb ]cn- {i-a-øns Af-hp-tIm-embn Xocp- -sa p Icp-Xmw. AXn-\pth n DW-cp-I, Dbn sø-gpt p-i, DØn-jvT-X, Pm{K-X. kvt\l-]q hw si.-f.-f-kv. h Ω Pqsse 2018 5

kwÿm\ {Xn-b-t -a-k` kvtimf jn- p-iƒ/ahm Up-Iƒ 1. alm-dmwn tkxp-]m Δ-Xo-_mbn kvamci kvtimf jn- v: saun-kn, F Pn-\o-b-dnw-Kv, (cq.10000) Un{Kn, ss^ B Svkv (cq.5000) F o hn`m-k-ß-fn Hmtcm p hoxw. (2017 {]th-i\w e`n- -h v) ]Ømw- m-kv, πkvsp ]co- -I-fn e`n am p-ifpw c -I Øm- -fpss kmº-øniÿnxn-bpamwv api-fn hnh-cn kvtim-f -jn- n-\p tbmkyxm am\-zfiw. ]qcn- n At]- -Iƒ 10, +2 m p-i-fn e`n am ns km y-s -Sp-Ønb ]I v, hcp-am\ k n-^n- - v, saun-kn /F Pn-\o-b-dnwKv/Un{Kn m p-i-fn-te v {]th-i\w e`n- -Xns tcj F nh klnxw {Xn-b-t -a-k`bpss {]mtz-ini bqwn- p-iƒ aptj\ 2018 HIvtSm_ 31\v apºv e`n- - Ø- -hæw sk{i- -dn, {Xn-b-t -a-k`, kpμ-c-hn-emkw sim m-cw, Xncp-h-\- -]pcw 23 F hnemk-øn Ab- n-cn- -Ww. 2. ]fl-`q-j cml-h Xncp-ap- msv kvamci Ahm Uv: Bbp th-z-øn /kwkvir-x-øn _ncp-z-]-t\w \S-Øp Hcp hnzym n v (2017 {]th-i\w e`n- -h v) (cq.1000) 3. kn.-si. cma-h ΩcmP kvamci Ahm Uv: 2017 se πkv Sp ]co- -bn Cw o-jn-\v G hpw IqSp-X am p hmßnb hnzym n v (cq.1000) 4. AUz. tic-f-h Ω cmpm Ahm Uv: 2017 se πkvsp ]co- -bn IW- n\v Gd-dhpw IqSp-X am p hmßnb hnzym n- v. (cq.1000) 5. si.-hn. cmpm kvamci Ahm Uv: 2017 se πkv Sp ]co- -bn ^nknivkn\v G -hp-a[niw am p hmßnb hnzym n v (cq.1000) 6. si.-kn. `m-\p-cmp kvamci Ahm -Uv: 2017 se πkv Sp ]co- -bn sian-kv{sn-bn G -hp-a-[niw am p- hmßnb hnzym n v (cq.1000). axnbmb tcj-iƒ C msx Abbv p At]- -Iƒ kzoi-cn- p- -X-. hnzym n-bpss amxm-]n-xm- ƒ tpmen D hcm-sw- n, tpmen snøp ÿm]-\-øn \n p hcp-am-\- k n-^n- pw ÿnc hcp-am\w C m-ø-h hnt Pv B^o-k \ Ip hcp-am\ k n-^n- pw \n _- -ambpw ka n- n-cn- -Ww. AXmXv bqwn- ns {]kn-u pw sk{i- -dnbpw tcj- Iƒ ]cn- -tim-[n v saº jn- n-t bpw hcp-am-\-øn-t bpw Dƒs ssbp Imcy-ßfpsS \np-ÿnxn t_m[y-s - -Xmbn Dd v \ In H n At]- -I-fmWv ka n-t - -Xv. si.-kn.-bp. cmp satωm-dn-b Ahm Uv tim -bv Ingt timhn-e- IØv ]tc-x-\mb si.-kn.-bp. cmp-bpss kvac-wm w 2018 _n.-f-kv.-kn. sian-kv{sn bn G hpw IqSp-X am v hmßn XpS hn-zym-`ym-k-øn\v (t]m-kv v {KmPp-th-j ) tn n- p {XnbhnZym n- v 10001 cq] (]Xn-\m-bncØn H v) Iymjv Ahm Uv simsp- m Xocp-am-\n- n-cn- p- p. Xm ]-cy-ap Ip n-iƒ/c n- Xm- ƒ AXmXp bqwn v apjm- ncw sh IS-em-kn Fgp- Xnb At]- -Iƒ Kk- Uv Hm^o-k km y-s -Sp-Ønb am venãv/xps hnzym-`ym-k- Øns tcj-iƒ F nh kln Xw sk{i- -dn, {Xn-b-t -ak-`, kpμ-c-hn-emkw sim m-cw, Xncp-h-\- -]p-cw 695023 F hnem-k-øn 2018 \hw-_ 15- \Iw Ab-bv p-hm Xmev]-cys Sp- p. 6 Pqsse 2018

{Xnb t a-k` kw ÿm\ `cw \n hm-li kanxn tbmk-øns kºq Æ tbmkw 17 06 2018 ssh w bqwn- ns t\xr-xz-øn bqwn v {]kn-u v lcn-\-μ\ h Ω-bpsS hk-xn-bn (]m-bv m v timhne-iw, Aw_nIm`h ) tncp-i-bp- m-bn. kwÿm\ {]kn-u v s{]m^. si.-f. kptc-{μ-\my h Ω A y- X hln- p. 10.15 \v Cuiz-c-{]m -\-tbmss tbmkw Bcw-`n- p. ssh w bqwn- nse lcn-h Ω kzmkxw Biw-kn- p. A\p-tim-N\ {]tabøn\p-tijw P\-d sk{i- dn BflP h Ω Xºp-cm dnt m v Ah-X-cn- n- p. N -Iƒ p tijw dnt m v AwKo-I-cn- p. AwK-ß-fpsS ]c-kv]cw ]cn-n-bs -S-en-\p-tijw A y- D]- {Ia {]kwkw \S-Øn. AP- bnep ]Xnhv N -Iƒ p ]pdsa {Inbm-fl-I-amb ]e Xocpam-\-ß-fpw Cu tbmk-øn ssis m- -W-sa v {]kn-u v \n t±-in- p. ASpØ kwÿm\ hm jn Iw, bph-p-t\m- -hw, Iem-k- y 2019 hm jn-iw, m{xkv]μ \w, dnbm-ivsv, sk kkv, B ÿm\ aμncw XpS-ßnb hnj-bß-fn N bpw Xocp-am-\-hp-ap- mbn. P\-d sk{i- -dn-bpss dnt m n-s bpw an\n- vkn-s bpw Ah-X-c-W-Øn-\p-tijw tbmkw tncp Ime-b-fhp hsc-bp {]h Ø\ dnt m pw C\n-ap-X Ah-X-cn- n- -W-sa v {]Xn-\n-[n- Iƒ \n t±-in- p. ASpØ tbmkw apx CXv {]m_-ey-øn h-cp- Øp-sa pw {]kn-u v Adnbn p. ASpØ kwÿm\ hm jn Iw Icn-sh- q bqwn- ns t\xr-xz-øn \S-Øp- -Xn\v bqwn v `mc-hm-ln-iƒ k - X ti{μ k`m hm ØI-ƒ Adn-bn -Xmbn {]kn-u v hnhcn- p. F m Ah v AXn- \p aps m-cp- -ßƒ \S-Øp- -Xn\v Ct mƒ Xs hm jni XobXn \n -bn- m \ mbncn pw. Icn-sh- q-cn \n pw kao] bqwn- p-i-fn \n pw 200 {]Xn-\n-[n-Isf tbmk-øn ]s - Sp- n- m-sa v Icn-sh- q bqwn v kω-xn- n- p- v. hm jni s]mxp-tbmkw F Xc-Øn-ep Kuc-h-amb tbmkw F \ne-bn a v bqwn- p-i-fn \n pw samøw 300 {]Xn-\n-[n- Isf qsn ]s -Sp- n- m-sa v Ah v hm p \ In-b-Xmbn {]kn-u v shfn-s -Sp-Øn. AXn- \m Hcp bqwn- n \n v G hpw Ipd- Xv 20 {]Xn-\n-[n- I-sf ]s -Sp- n- -W-sa pw hm jni \S-Øn- n-\p ^ m bn Hcp bqwn v Npcp-ßn-bXv 10,000 cq] kw`m-h\ \evi-w-sa pw {]kn-u v si.-f.-f-kv. h Ω ]d- p. AwK-ß-fpsS N -bv p-tijw Xocp-am\w sfii-wvtty\ AwKo-I-cn- p. kwÿm\ hm jniw \hw-_ 11 \v Icn-sh- q-cn \S-Øp- - Xn\v tbmkw Xocp-am-\n- p. XpS p {]h Ø-\-ßƒ \S- Øp- -Xn\v kwÿm\ Kth- WnwKv t_mun-bpss kl-i-c-wtøm-ssbpw A\p-a-Xn-tbm-sSbpw Icn-sh- q bqwn- ns\ Npa-X-es -Sp-Øn. tn Øe I sh j t]mse {Xn-b AwK-ß-fpsS CS-bn ka{k DW Δn\pw Iq mbvabv pw bph-p-t\m- hw \S- Øp- -Xn\p Xob-Xnbpw ÿe hpw Xocp-am-\n- m \ m-bn-cn- psa A`n-{]m-bhpw {]kn- U ns D]-{I-a-Øn-ep- m-bn. 2019 se hm jn-ihpw bph-p-t\m- hhpw Hcp-an v \S-Øn-bm m{x-kv]μ\w \ m-bn-cn- p-sa v A`n-{]m-b-apb p. Xncp-h-\- -]pcw, Xncp-h-, tim bw, tn Øe F o bqwn- p-i-fpss t\xr-xz-øn Fhn-sS-sb- nepw bph-p-t\m- hw \S-Ø-W-sa A`n-{]m-bamWv Db -Xv. Cu bqwn- p- Isf mw Ah-c-h-cpsS IΩn- nbn hnjbw N snbvxv ASpØ tbmk-øn Xocp-am\w Adn-bn- m\pw [mc-w-bm-bn. as m bqwn- p-iƒ pw _p nap pw Aku-I-cyhpw BsW- n bph-p-t\m- hw F Bibw Dt]- n-t -s pw {Xnb kap-zmb AwK-ß-fpsS DW Δv e y-am n tim bw bqwn v CXv \S-Øp-hm Xømdm-sW pw {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ tbmksø Adn-bn- p. bqwn- n\v kmº-øni _m yx hcmø hn[w bph-p-t\m- hw \S-Øm Xøm-dm-sW v tim bw bqwn v `mc-hm-ln-iƒ ]d p. sk kkv {]h Ø-\-ßfpsS CXp-h-sc-bp ]ptcm-kxn tpmbn v sk{i- dn B. chnh Ω hni-zo-i-cn- p. bqwn vxe kμ i\w 50% ]q Øn-bm-bn. a v kμ i\ ]cn-]m-sn-iƒ ho pw XobXn \n -bn v \S-Øpw. CtX kabw sk kkv t^md-ßƒ ]qcn- n p \ Im-\p bqwn- p- Iƒ tpmbn v sk{i- -dn-tb-sbm, ssh w bqwn- n-t\sbm G n- -W-sa v At±lw \n t±-in- p. ssh w bqwn n \ In-bn- p sk kkv t^md-ßƒ apgph Un.- n.-]n.snbvxv ]q Øn-bm- n-bn- p- v. " m{x-kv]-μ-\-'øns {]h Ø-\-ßƒ No^v FUn- tum. Fw.-e-fn-Xmw-_nI hnh-cn- p. ASpØ e -Øn-te-bv p am - dp-ifpw, bqwn- p-xe dnt m p Ifpw DS Abv -W-sa v No^v Pqsse 2018 7

Iq m-bva-bn IpSpw-_-ktaXw ]s -Sp- pi hnp-bn- n- pi FUn- \n t±-in- p. ]{Xm-[n- ] p IØp-Ifpw IqSp-X AwK-ß-fpsS krjvsn-ifpw amkn- I-bn Dƒs -Sp-Ø-W-sa v \n t±i-ap-b p. hy n-]-c-ambn Bt - ]n- p IØp-I-sfm-gnsI as mw {]kn- o-i-cn- p-sa v tum. efn-xmw-_ni ]d- p. AXn-\p-tijw REACTs {]h Ø-\-ß-sf- p-dn v snb t]-gvk tum. Fw. efn- Xmw-_nI hni-zo-i-cn- p. {Xnb t a-k` kwÿm\ `cw \n Δm-lI kan-xn-tbm-k-øn-\ptijw dnbm-ivsns {]txyi tbmkw tncp-sa pw dnt m pw IW pw Ah-X-cn- n- p-sa pw Ah hni-zo-i-cn- p. k`-bpss kwÿm\ {Sjd dpw apxn AwK-hp-amb B. cma-h Ω (hn-p-b ) Bÿm\ aμn-c-sø- p-dn pw ss_tem t`z-k-xn-sb- p-dn pw kwkm-cn- p. \ne-hn-ep Bÿm-\-a-μncw ]pxp- p- -Xn\v ]me-kn\v FXn n-s pw F m Cu timºu- n {]h Øn- p ]pcm-hkvxp hip- ns kwÿm \ Hm^o-kns A\p-a-Xn-Iq-Sn hmtß- -Xp-s pw At±lw ]d- p. ]pcm-hkvxp hip- ns A\p-a-Xn-bv mbn {ian- p- -Xm- Wv. CXn-\p-tijw tim -td-js bpw a pw A\p-aXn hmtß- -Xp-s pw B. cma-h Ω ]d- p. ss_tem t`z-kxn bqwn- p-i-fn N snøp- -Xn\v ss_tem-bpss ]I v bqwn- p- Iƒ v \ In. tbmk-øn-\v F- ØmØ bqwn- p-iƒ v X]men ss_tem ]I v Ab p simsp- -W-sa pw At±lw \n t±-in- p. ss_tem ssi - nb bqwn- p-iƒ : Ccn- n, \oteiz-cw, Icn-sh- q, Fd-Wm-Ip-fw, tim -bw, Xncp-h-, tn Øe, ] -fw, Xr»q, Ccn-ßm-e- p-s, Nme- p-sn, Xr q-wn-øp-d, CS- - n, ssh w, Xncp-h-\- -]p-cw, ]nem-ød. REACT s {]h Ø\w Du n-x-am- p- -Xn\pw ^ v h n- n- p- -Xn\pw tpmentbm hcp-am-\tam D -hcn \n pw amkw 100/ cq] hoxw Imcp-Wy-\n[n-bmbn kzoicn p -Xv \ m-bn-cn- p-sa v tbmk-øn \n t±iw Db p. bqwn- p-x-e-øn CXv BtemNn- m \ m-bn-cn- p-sa pw AwKßƒ \n t±-in p. A y- s D]-kw-lm-ctØmsS tbmkw 1.30 \v kaw-kfw ]cy-h-km-\n- p. tbmk Xocp-am-\-ßƒ {Xnb t ak`-bpss 2018se kwÿm\ hm jn Iw \hw-_ 11 \v Icn-sh- q-cn \S-Øp-hm Xocpam-\n- p. Icn-sh- q bqwn v t\xrxzw hln- pw. kwÿm\ ktω-f-\-øns hnp-b-øn-\mbn bqwn- p- Iƒ G hpw Ipd- Xv 10,000/ cq] kw`mh\ HIvtSm-_ 15 \v apºmbn \ I-Ww. Hmtcm bqwn- p- I-fn \n pw Ipd- Xv 20 {]Xn-\n-[n-I-sf-sb- nepw ]s -Sp- n- -Ww. bqwn- p-iƒ ti{μ-k-`bv v \ Im-\p h nwkv ^ v ({]-h Ø\ aqe-[-\w) 2000/ cq] IpSn-»nI D h F{Xbpw thkw \ ti- -Xm-Wv. " m{x-kv]-μ\w' hcn-kwjy IpSn-»nIbp bqwn- p-iƒ k`sb G n-t - - Xm-Wv. {Xnb t ak`-bpss 2019 h jsø kwÿm\ hm jnihpw bph-p-t\m- hhpw Hcp-an v sabv amk- Øn \S-Øp-hm Xocp-am- \n- p. ASpØ tbmk-øn ÿehpw Xob-Xnbpw Xocpam-\n pw. ss_tem t`z-k-xn-iƒ, bq Wn- p-iƒ Pqsse 15 \v apºv ti{μ-k-`sb Adn-bn-t - - Xm-Wv. 8 Pqsse 2018

cma-h Ω, CS- n simsp-ß- q F v Ct mƒ Adn-b-s -Sp ] -Ww- ] v ]te t]cp-i-fnepw Adn-b-s - n-cp- p. apk-co-kv, amtim-ssx, atlm-zb-]p-cw-, hm n, atlm-z-b-]- Ww Fs m-s -bmwv ]gb t]cp- Iƒ. ticfw `cn- n-cp tnc cmpm hv sn p- h-\mwv simsp-ß- qcnse t]cp-ti `K-h-Xn-t {Xw ]Wn-bn- -sx v ]d-b-s -Sp- p. At±-l-Øns A\p-P-\m-bn-cp - "Cft mh-sn-iƒ' F {]kn- - \mb ssp\-ap\n simsp-ß- q-cn- \-Sp-Øp axn-e-i-ømwv Xmakn- n-cp- -Xv. At±-l-Øns t]cp-ti IrXn-bmWv Xan-gn-segp-Xnb "Nne- -Xn-Imcw.' ao\-am-k- Ønse `c-wn- v ti-c-f-ønse ºmSp-ap Bbn-c-ßsf Cu t {X-Øn-te v BI jn- p- p. apk-cokv tic-f-ønse {]kn- -amb Hcp Xpd-ap-J-am-bn-cp- p. F.-Un. 1341 s]cn-bm \Zn-bnep- mb sh -s m w aqew simsp-ß- q-cnse Xpd-apJw aæv h -Sn v \in- p-ibpw ]Icw Agn ]nf v Hcp ]pxnb XpdapJw Xpd- -s -Sp-Ibpw sn bvxp. Cu apk-cokv Xpd-apJw hgn {Ko p-imcpw tdmam- mcpw Ad-_n-Ifpw t]m p-ko-kp-im cpw U p-imcpw {^ p-imcpw {_n ojpimcpw a p-ambn ]Xn-hm bn hym]m-c-_ w \ne-\n Ønbn-cp- p. A sø tnc N{Ih Øn-bpsS AwKo-Im-c-tØmsS \n Ωn- -XmWv simsp-ß- q-cnep "tnc-am Ppam-a-kvPoZv' F C y-bnse BZysØ ap ow-]- n. hm n k Δ-I-em-ime F t]cn-e-dn-b-s - n-cp hnzym-`ymk ti{μw Chn-sS-bm-bn-cp- p. sim Sp-ß- q-cnse cmp-hwiw \S-Ønbn-cp KpcpIpew sxs C y apgp-h {]kn- -am-bn-cp- p. ticf-ønse "\fμ' sbt m "X in-e-'sbt m CXns\ hnti-jn- n- m-hp- -Xm-Wv. simsp-ß- q-cnse cmp-ip-spw- _-Øn {]i-kvx-cmb \nc-h[n Ihn-Ifpw kwko-x- cpw ssh Zy mcpw tpymxn-jn-ifpw a pw D m-bn-cp- p. Ah-cn G hpw {]ap-j-\m-bn-cp- p "tic-f-hym-k ' F -dn-b-s -Sp "simsp-ß- q Ip n p- Xºp-cm '. {]kn Ihn sh awn ]cta-iz-c \ºq-Xn-cn-bp-sSbpw simsp-ß- q timhn-e-isø Ip p-]n Xºp-cm- n-bpssbpw ai-\mbn 1865 `qpm-x-\m-bn. Xºp-cm Xs Ggm-a-sØ -h-bn kwkvir-x-ønepw ae-bmf-ønepw Ihn-X-Iƒ cnn- m XpS-ßn. {ZpX Ihn-Xm-c-N-\bn At±-l-Øns Ignhv A]m-cambncp p. Ip n p- Xºp-cm hymks Ht -Im e w t«mi-ß-fp alm-`m-cxw shdpw 874 Znhkw sim v X a ]q Øn-bm- n. Xºp-cm\v Hcn- Xoh- nbn c p {_n o-jp-imcpss \Sphn Ccp v bm{x sntø- nh- p. Xºp-cms hkv{x[m-c-wco-xnbpw IpSp-abpw {_n o-jp-imcn AXoh ]p w Df-hm- n sb p Ah-cpsS kwkm-c-øn \n pw Xºp-cm\v a\- n-em-bn. Xºp-cm\v A v Cw ojv Xosc Adn-bn- m-bn-cp- p. timhn-e-iøv Xncn-s -Ønb tijw At±lw simsp-ß- q t_mbvkv sslkviq-fnse {][m\ A ym-]-is\ hnfn- p-h-cp-øp-ibpw, {_n o-jp-im XΩn Xoh nbn \S kw`m-jww apgp-h At±-lsØ ]d v tiƒ n v ae-bm-f-øn X a Bh-iy-s -Sp-Ibpw snbvxp. ]cn- N-b-an- m-xn-cp `mj-bm-bn pw Ah-cpsS GXm v Ac awn- q kw`m-jww apgp-h Bh Øn- m At±-l-Øn\v Ign- p. Hcp amkw sim v Cw ojv `mj A`y-kn- p-ibpw Xma-kn-bmsX tjivkv]n-b-dpss c p IrXn-Iƒ ae-bm-f-øn-te v samgn-am w \S-Øp-Ibpw sn bvxp. Xºp-cms ImeØv alm- Ihn h -tømƒ hf p-h-cp Hcp Ihnbmbn-cp- p. Xs Ihn- X-Iƒ ImWn v A`n-{]mbw Bcm-bm h -tømƒ CSbv nss Xºp-cms ASpØv hcm-dp- m-bn-cp- p. Hcp {]mhiyw h -t mƒ At±lw alm-`m-cx X -a-bn apgpinbncp- -Xn- \m h -tøm-fnt\msv Ipd v kabw ImØn-cn- m A`y n- p. hymks kwkvir-x-øn- Pqsse 2018 9

ep aqe-irxn Xs apºn h v AXn t\m n ae-bmf X a \mep ]I søgpøpim v snm n-s m-sp- p- I-bm-bn-cp p. Hmtcm ]I søgp-øp-im-c\pw Hcp t«mi-øns Hcp hcn am{x-am-bn-cp- p Fgp-Xnbn-cp- Xv. Xºp-cms X -a-bpss thk-øm Fgp-Øp-Im-c Hcp hcn ho pw snm m Bh-iys - m BZy-tØ-Xnepw hyxykvxhpw IqSp-X at\m-l-c-hpamb as mcp hcn-bm-bn-cn pw X -a-bmbn c m-axv hcp- -Xv. Ipsdt\cw ImØn-cp v apjn- t mƒ Xºpcm snøp tpmen Xm \n Δ-ln- m-sa pw, B ka-bøv Xm sim p-h IhnX hmbn v th Xncp-Ø \n t±-in- m sim m-sa- pw h -tømƒ Adnbn- p. Xºp-cm "A p-]ng Xncp- Ø ' (Proof Reading) snøp-ibm-sw v Icp-Xn-bmWv h tømƒ C{]-Imcw A`n-{]m-b-s - Xv. Xºp-cm Xs apºn-ep- mbn-cp hymks aqe-irxn \o n h v simsp-ø-t mƒ h tømƒ A p-x-kvx_v -\m-bn. Ip nip Xºp-cms BZy `mcy acn- -t mƒ c m-axpw hnhmlw Ign- p. c m-asø `mcy acn- -t mƒ aq m-axpw hnhmlw Ign- p. 1913 P\p-hcn 25\v Xs 48- -m-asø hb- n At±lw A -cn- p. At±lw acn- p- - Xn\v c p h jw apºv aq masø `mcybpw acn- p. At±-l-Øns {]kn IrXn- I-fn s hbmwv "Ihn-`m-cXw', "koxm-kz-bw-h-cw', "{ioam-\- hn-{ia hnpbw' F nh. ae-bmf at\m-ca ]{X-Øn Ihn-Xsb Ipdn v ]Xn-hmbn Hcp timfw Fgp-Xn-bn-cp- p. "ckn-i-c-rvpn\n' amknibn Ipd- p-\mƒ ]{Xm- [n-]-cpambncp p. Acn-In hcq how si. h Ω, ]pxnb timhn-e-iw, Aº-e- pg \ng-embv \osb- -cn-in hcq \mz-ambv \osbs ImXn aqfp ]q- sf p Ip lkvx-ß-fm F inc-s m p Xtem-Sn-Øcq am\kw hnßp thz-\-bn \ns -Øncbp p Rms\ kjo DS-embv \sω-b-i- n-sb- mepw a\-ambv \msa- p-sam- - tbm Pe-am-sbm-gpIn, Im mbv XgpIn, IS-ep-Iƒ Xm n Rms\Øpw \n IÆn-eq-dp I-Æp-\o-cm-ses I\hpw \n\hpw hnxpºpw IÆp-\o-sc- pss Ic-Ømse Rm sas -b-sßm- n-sb-sp pw kv] i-\-ta-ip t\cøp Xs \o kpμc kpkvanxw XqIpw am\kw hnßp thz-\-bn \ns -Øn-c-bp p Rms\ kjo DS-embv \sω AI- n-sb- mepw a\-ambv \msa- psam - tbm c -Zm\w alm-zm\w {Xn-b-t -ak` Icn-sh- q- bqwn- ns c m-[n-im-cnhn.-fw. Zmtam-Z-c ^puv tim -tdj Hm^v C Uy bnse DtZym-K-ÿ\mbn 39 sim w tkh-\-a-\p-jvtn tijw 2005 hnc-an- p. Cu Ime-L- -Øn At±lw ]mhs tcmkn-iƒ p-th n 54 {]mhiyw kz w c w Zm\w snbvxn p- v. k ho-kn \n v hnc-an- -Xn- \p-tijw At±lw kz w Ahb-h-Zm-\-Øn-\p-th n HkyØv Xøm-dm n kl-po-hn-i-tfm- Sp {]Xn-_- -Xbv pw kvt\ l-øn\pw amxr-i-bm-bn. 10 Pqsse 2018

{io i -cm-nm-cy-cpss km[\-]- Iw (Hcp Bkzm-Z\w) si.-kn. cma-h Ω-cmP (\o-te-izcw hen-b-cm-p) hnnm-c-[m-c-bmwv a\- v. a\-»m n Dt±-in v, \mw hnnm-c- [m-c-isf Ipd v sim p-h-cm {ian- p- p. Ah-km-\w, a\- n, hnnm-c-ß-sfm- p-an- mø Ah-ÿ-bn, A io-x-fx D m-hp- p. Cu ÿnxn XpS-c-Wsa- n, a\- n \ hnnm-cßƒ Hgp-Ip-hm A\p-h-Zn- -Ww. CXn- mbn, km[\] -I- Ønse A v t«mi-ß-fn-em-bn, \mev]xv D]-tZ-i-ßƒ, {ioi- -cm- Nmcy kzman-iƒ \ap v {]Zm\w snbvxn-cn- p- p. Cu D]-tZ-ißƒ \mw Ft mgpw Hm Ωn- p- I-bm-sW- n, \on hnnm-c-ßƒ \ΩpsS a\- n IS- m-\ns hcn- I-bn-. {]XypX, \ΩpsS IÆp- Isf D n-te v Xncn- p-hn v a\pjys bmym yw Fs - v a\- n-em n Xcn-Ibpw snøp- p. a\p-jy shdpw PU-i-co-c-a-. Ah AJfi t_m[-kz-cq-]- amb {_ -am-wv. AXn v \mian-. Cu {_ - m\w Adn m PohnXw [\y-am-ipw. C\n \ap v km[\] -I- Ønse t«mi-ß-fn \nd- p-\nev p XXz-c-Xv\-ßsf Bkz- Zn- mw. t«miw 1 ""thtzm-\n-xy-a-[o-bxmw XZp-ZnXw I Ω-kz-\p-jvTob Xmw txt\iky hn[o-b-xma ]NnXnx ImtayaXn-kvXy-PyXmw ]m]ulx ]cn-[q-bxmw `h-kp-tjtzmtjmf\pk- o-bxmw Btfl- m-hy-h-ko-b-xmw, \np-krlmxv Xq Æw hn\n -ayxmw'' hnzym-`ym-k-øn-eqss _p n-hn- Imkw am{x-amwv In pi; a\- ns _e-øn- v, B ym-fln- IX thww. AXn-\m (1) \nxy hpw thz-]m-cm-bww snøp-ibpw (2) AX-\p-k-cn I Ω-ßƒ (3) Cuiz-c-]q-P-bmbn snøp-ibpw thww. CXn-\m "Rm ' "Ft Xv' F `mhw, ip -ambn t]mbn In p-ibpw \ΩpsS hmk-\-iƒ Ipd- p-h-cn-ibpw snøp- p. (4) kpj-ß-fpss ]n m-se-bp Hm ßƒ Npcp-ßp-tºmƒ, Bflo-b- Nn- -Iƒ v a\- n IqSp-X ÿm\w e`n- p- -Xm-Wv. (5) apºv snbvx I Ω-ßfpsS hmk- \Iƒ s]s v a\- n \n v t]min-. B ]m]-ß-sf mw ]n osv snøp k Ω-ß sf sim v \in-t - n-bn-cn- p- p. (6) PU-Øn-ep kpj-ßsf mw ZpxJ-{]-Z-ß-fm-Wv. AXn icn- p Xpw ÿnc-am-bxpw Bb B\-μw e`n- n-, Im v, h -Øns\ AXns e y- Øn \n v hen v sim p-t]m- Ip- Xv t]mse-bmwv a\- n-s\ hnj-b-ßƒ snøp- -Xv. (7) ""Rm I p, Rm ti p'' Fs ms, \mw ]d-bpw. Pm{K- Xv, kz]v\w, kpjp]vxn F m Ah-ÿ-bnepw am -an- m-ø-xv. "Rm ' F t_m[ hkvxp. "D v' F A\p-`hw t_m[- Øn\v am{xta D q. B t_m[w Xs -bmwv "{_ w'. a\- nse ad \o n-bm axn, N pw Nh dpw \nd Ip n n-s- p "Rm ' F -Xns {]Im-iw ]pd-tø v Ipsdt» ImWmw. ChnsS "t_m[w' F H hkvxp-h- msx thsd H p-an-. F n-ep "t_m[w' Xs bmwv kqcy-\n-ep- -Xpw. (8) kºq Æm-\μw {]Zm\w snøp- Xv Bfl-\m-sW v a\- n-em- n-bm, \ap v {XnKp-W-ßfpsS (k-xz-c-tpm-x-a- v) si n \n v tam w t\sm km[n- p- -Xm-Wv. tihet_m[sø Is -Ø-emWv ssih-eyw. t«miw 2 "kwkx k q hn[o-bxmw `K-htXm-`- n Zr-Vm-[o-bXmw im ymznx ]cn-no-bxmw ZrV Xcw I Ωm-ip-k- y-pyxmw kzv-hn-zzm\p ]k yxmw {]Xn- Zn\w XXv]m-ZptI tkhyxmw {_ss -Im- -c-a yxmw {ipxnin-tcm-hmiyw kam-i ÆyXmw' (9) k wkw kzoi-cn- p-ibpw (10) `K-hm-\n ` n Dd- n- p-ibpw snøpi: H n-te v am{xw {i Dd- n- p- Xv ` n. ]e-xn-te pw {i ImWn- p- Xv k n As - n Pqsse 2018 11

kvt\lw. ` n apgp-in-bm \ΩpsS lrz-b-øn-te v Cuizc-hn-Nmcw [mcmfw IpXn v Ibdpw. (11) a\-»m- n-bp-s - n-te, _p n \ hn[-øn {]h Øn- p-i-bp- p. AXn-\m im n apx-emb KpW-ßƒ ]cn-n-bn- - Ww. "Aim ky IpX kpjw?'' F mwv `K-h-ZvKo-X-bn ]d-bp- -Xv. (12) kzm Xmev]-cy- Øn {]h Øn snøp Xv sim v hmk-\-iƒ h n- p- p. AXpaqew, cmk-tzz-j-ß-fpw, t`z-nn- -I-fpw, Ima-t{Im-[-ßfpw h n- p- p. Ch-sb mw a\pjys\ \mi-k Ø-Øn-te v \bn- p- p. \njvima I Ω-ßƒ snøp-tºmƒ At\I h j-ßfmbn \mw kºm-zn- n- p hmk- \-Iƒ \in- p-t]m-ip- p. Aßs\ A io-x-fx h n- p-i-bpw, kwxr-]vxn-tbmss Pohn- m Ign-bp-Ibpw snøp- p. (13) kxy-a-dn-bm-hp Kpcphns\ kao-]n- p-i. (14) At±-l- Øns Ime-Sn-Iƒ F pw tkhn- pi (15) \mi-a {_ -sam p am{xw tnmzn- pi (16) thz- Ønse, alm-hm-iy-ßƒ {ihww snøp-i. t«miw 3 ""hmiym - hn-nm-cyxmw {ipxn intcm-] kam-{io-bxmw ZpkvX mxvkphn-c-ayxmw {ipxn axkvx t m-f-\p-k- o-bxmw {_ss -hmkvaoxnhn`mhy Xmalc-l K Δx ]cn-xypyxmw tztl-f-lw axn-cp-xv Xmw; _p[-p-ss\ hm-zx-]-cn-xy-pyxmw'' (17) thz-ønse Cu \mev kn m- -ßƒ, CS- nss a\\w snbvxv simt -bn-cn- -Ww. (i) {] m\mw {_ (Consciousness is Brahma) amwv. (t_m[w, {_ w). (ii) XXz-akn (that thou art) AXv \o Xs (iii) Abw Bfl {_ (This Atman is Brahma) Cu Bflmhv {_ w (iv) Alw {_ mkvan ( I am Brahman) Rm {_ -am-ip- p. 18. AXns ^e-ambn thzm- -] w kzoi-cn- pi (19) D]- \n-j-øn hnizm-k-an- mø htcmsv shdp-sx X -ßƒ v t]mim-xn-cn- -bmwv \ -Xv. (20) X w Xs bpw thz-\n- -b- Øn-te v FØn- m-\mbn am{xw snbvxpsim p-i. (21) ""Rm {_ w Xs '' F v ho pw ho pw hn`mh\ snøp-i. Rm ico-c-a- m-ø-xn-\m P\-\w, ac- Ww, Btcm-Kyw, A\m-tcmKyw, PmXn F n-h-sbm pw Fs _m[n- n-. AXp-t]mseXs, Rm a\- - m-ø-xn-\m kt m-jw, k m]w F nh Fs _m[n- p-i-bn-. Rm _p n-b- m-ø-xn-\m _p n-]-camb Aim- -X-Iƒ Fs _m[n- n-. "Rm {_ -am-ip- p' F v a\- n-em-ip-tºmƒ, A io-x-fbpw AXn-bmb kt m-jhpw D n txm p- - Xm-Wv. (22) tzl-øn Rms\ `mhw hn p-i-f-bp-ibpw K Δw Ipd-bv p-ibpw thww (23) Cu XqWv Ds v Rm\-dn-bp- p F p h m, XqWpw Rm\pw hyxy-kvx-am-wv. XqWv Adn-b-s - Sp hkvxphpw Rm Adnbp Bfpw BWv. Rm Cu icocw Ds v Adn-bp- p. At mƒ Rm Cu ico-c-øn \n pw hyxy-kvx-\mwv. Cu sim p ico-cw Cuizcs t {X-am-Wv. AXn-\m a\- n- t\bpw _p n-tbbpw Ft mgpw ip -am n sh -Ww. (24) Adnhp- -h-cp-ambn Xosc hmzn- m-xncn- p-i. t«miw 4 " pzv hym[n NnIn- yxmw {]Xn-Zn\w `n u-j[w `ppyxmw kzmzz w \ Xp bmnyxmw hn[nh-imxv {]m]vtx\ k p-jyxmw iotxmjvwmzn hnj-lyxmw \ Xp hrym hmiyw kap- m-cyxmw HuZm-ko-\y-a`o]vkyXmw P\-Ir- ]m-ss\-jvtp-cy-ap- ypyxmw'' (25) hni- pw, hym[nbpw icocsø _m[n- p \ne-bm-wv. tcmkw am m acp- p-iƒ D]- tbm-kn- p- -Xp-t]m-se, hni v am m Blmcw Ign- mw. Blmcw kpjn- m-\p- -X-. (26) In nb Blmcw Cuizc\v A n- -tijw {]m -\-tbmsv IqSn Cuiz-c-{]-km-Z-ambn Ign- - Ww. (27) BNm-cy D]-tZ-in- p- Xv Hcp Bkzm-Z-\hpw \mw Dt±in- m ]msn-s - mwv. hmb bv v Blm-cw, IÆn\v \nd-ßfpw cq]-ß-fpw, ImXn\v i_vzw, N Ω-Øn\v kv] i-\w, aq n v aww Ch-bmWv Bkzm-Z-\-hkvXp- ƒ. Bflm-\μamWv bym B\-μw. (28) D -XpsIm v kwxr-]vxn-s - v, B cob kpjw sim v temisø A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn- -bmwv \ Pohn- X-co-Xn. (29) \ΩpsS bmym yw a\- n-em- n-bm iotxmjvww, Pbm-]-P-bw, kpj-zpxjw, kt m-j-k- m]w F o Zzμzmh-ÿ-Iƒ \sω hnj-an- n- p-ibn-. ""Fs Pohn-X-amWv Fs ktμiw'' F v Km n-pn v ]dbm Ign- n- p-s - n, AXns clkyw CXm-Wv. (30) km[m-c-w-bmbn th mø kwkm-c-ßƒ [\w, kt m-jßƒ, i{xp- ƒ F o hnj-bß-sf- nbmbn-cn- pw. Cß-s\- bp hnj-b-ß-fn IS- m, \ΩpsS Bflob e yw ad p t]mim-\n-s-bp- v. (31) kpj-zpx-jß-fn ]s -Sp- m a\- ns\ hnsmsx ka-\ne ]men- -Ww. 12 Pqsse 2018

(32) Bfp-I-tfmSv B {Z-Xbpw {Iqc-Xbpw IqSm-sX-bn-cn- -Ww. t«miw 5: ""GImt kpj-am-kyxmw ]cxtc tnxx kam-[o-b-xmw. ]q Æmflm kpk-ao- yxmw PK- ZnZw XZv_m-[nXw ZriyXmw {] Ω {]hn-em-]yxmw NnXn-_- em- m-]yp-øsscx «njyxmw {]mc_v[w Xznl `ppyxmw AY- ]c{_ m-fl-\m-ÿn-bxmw. (33) Bcpw C mø ÿeøv kpjw ImWpI F - ChnsS {io i -cm-nm-cy Dt±-in- p- -Xv. AhnsSbpw a\- n Bbncw Nn -I-fp-s - n, kpjw FhnsS In pw? kwkvir-x-øn GIw F m H v, A w F m e yw F m-wv. Htc e y-øn a\- ns\ ti{μo-icn- m, a\- -am-[m-\hpw A - io-x-fxbpw e`n- pw. At mƒ a\ v ]c-a-kpjw A\p-`-hn- p- p. (34) Ima-t{Im-[-ßfpw cmktzz-j-ßfpw t`z-nn- bpw sim v a\- ns i n Zpcp-]-tbm-K-s - Sp-ØmsX, CuizcNn bv v am{xw CSw simsp- p-i. (35) At mƒ k Δw {_ -abw F v Ffp- -Øn a\- n-em-ipw. B Z i-\-øn Cu PKXv apgp-h ambp- -Xmbn ImWmw. (37) D]mk-\-Iƒ, {]m -\-Iƒ, ]qp- Iƒ, alzv {KŸ-hm-b-\, X]- v, [ym\w F o \ Imcy-ßƒ aqew apºv snbvx sx p-isf XncpØn FSp-t - n-bn-cn- p- p. (38) Rm I Ømhpw t`m m hpw As m\-tømss "Rm ', "Ft Xv' F `mh-an- msx, \n wk _p ym-i Ω-ßƒ snbvxm k n-x-hm-k\ D qe\w snøm-\pw, ]pxnb hmk\ Hgn-hm- m\pw Ign-bpw. (39) hn n \n v hn Aºv amxn-cnbmwv ]gb I Ω-ßƒ. AXv A\p-`-hn v Xs Xoc-Ww. (40) _m n-bp Ime-ß-fn Rm ]c-{_- -amwv F `mh-øn Pohn- -Ww. hnth-im-\μ kzman-pn-bpss Hcp IY-bmWv Hm Ω hcp- -Xv. B n Iq- -Øn Hcp s] knw lw h vs]sp-ibpw {]k-hn DSs\ acn- p-ibpw snbvxp. Ip n knwlw B n Iq- -Øn hf p-h- p. Hcp XhW thsd Hcp knwlsø I -t m-gmwv Ip n knwl-øn\v Xs bmym yw a\- n-em-b-xv. AXp-t]mse \mw \ΩpsS bmym yw a\- n- em- p- n-. ]cn-]q ÆXzw ssih-tc- -X-, {]XypX, \mw kzxth ]cn-]q Æ-cm-Wv. Hmw im nx im nx im nx ]c- -\msv kzcq-]-ønse henb Xºp-cm n lcn- msv A\- -]p-cøp sim m-c-øn IuapZn Xºp-cm n Pq 13\v ixm-`n-jn- -bm-bn. BtLm-j ßfpw Bc-h-ßfpw H p-an- m sx ]Xnhv t {X-Z i-\hpw hgn- ]m-sp-ifpw \S-Øn, IpSpw_mw- K-ßƒs m w ]nd- mƒ Zn\w ] n- p. A\- -]p-cøp sim m-c- Øn A\n-gw-\mƒ e van Xºp-cm- n-bp-ssbpw aqhm- p-]pg tas-ßme a\-bv hmkp-tzh \ºq-Xn-cn-bp-sSbpw ]p{xnbm-wv. bmym-ÿn-xni IpSpw-_- Ønse AwK-am-b-Xn-\m Hu]- Nm-cnI hnzym-`ymkw e`n- n-cp- n-. F nepw amxm-hn \n pw amxm-a-ln-bn \n pw kwkvir- X-Ønepw ]pcm-wßfnepw th p-thmfw Adnhv kºm-zn- n- p- v. kwkvir-x-ønepw ae-bmf-ønepw ]pdsa lnμn-bnepw {]mhowyw t\sn-bn- p- v. \mcmb-wobw BZy-h-km-\w- X-ºp-cm- n v lrzn-ÿ-am-wv. Xr q-wn-øpd Ia-em-ebw ]me- n A -cn B.hn. Ip - Xºp-cm-\mWv ` Ømhv. a ƒ: ]tc-x-\mb Atim-I, tim`-\. acp-a- ƒ: kppmx, apc-fo-[-c-h Ω. ImeSn i - cm-nmcy kw kvirx k Δ I-em-im-e-bn \n v kwkv IrX hymi-c-w- Øn tumivstd v e`n {iolcnh Ω. Xr q-wn-øpd im n-\n-ti-x ]me- n dn. s{]m^-k IrjvW-Ip-am-dn-t bpw iymaf h Ωbp-sSbpw ai-\m-wv. ImeSn kwkvirx k Δ-I-emime Akn-Ã v s{]m^-k (KÃv ^m n) BWv. Pqsse 2018 13

s]cp-ºs- ns \oxn-t_m[w _n.-kn. 36 apx 24 hsc Hcp ] ocm v ticfw `cn sn p- -s -cp-amƒ At±-l-Øns ASp- h n-cp Bh-em-Xn- msc Xo p snøp-hm s]cp-º-s- ns\-bm-bn-cp p A[n-Im-c-s -Sp- Øn-b-Xv. apsºm-cn- _p -a- X- m h -Xp-t]mse sn p- hs ImeØpw Hcp kwl- m h v tic-f-øn ]e-bn-s-ß-fn epw _p -axw {]N-cn- n p XpSßn. \ºq-Xn-cn-amcpw a pw s]cpam-fpss B -b-\p-k-cn v s]cp- º-S- ns\ h p I -t mƒ At± lw thdpiqdp Im msx \oxn-\ym bw sx msx kz w \m p-imtcmsv ]d- n- p- Xv C{]-Im-c-ambn-cp- p. ""Ah-km\w Bcn-b-hcpw s]cp-º- S- -W p Bh-emZn snm n-b-xn B psam-cp-]cn `bhpw hc-h-gn mxncn pw Imesa-{Xbpw Bb hsc hne- p-hxp \oxn pw s\dn pw tn X s t m-xn-bm-tbm-cm-cn-b-h-sc-b- msp aß-b- q-hxpw snbvx-xv.'' hne-tb-dnb _p -a-x-x-xzßƒ s]cp-º-s p a\- n-em- n-bncp- p. AXv \m n-te v KpW-a- msx bmsxm-cp-]-{z-hhpw hcp- Øp- -X-s v At±-l-Øn\v \ t]mse t_m[-ap- m-bn- p- v. \m p-im \m\m-{]-im-c-øn-emt -]n- n pw ax-im-cy-ß-fn IønS-cp-sX XXzsØbmWv At±lw apdpsi ]nsn- -Xv. a p sim n kzcq]w ]n.-b. tat\m Bbn-cØn sxm m-bn-cøn A ]-Xp-I-fpsS a y-øn "Xp -sø-gp-ø- ' amkn-i-bn XpS -bmbn {]kn- o-i-cn- n-cp tej\w {]Im-c-Øn D]-{Z-hn-I- fmbnøocm-xn-cn- p-t -S-tØm-fw- Imew Ahsc bmsxm-cmfpw t{zmln p t]mi-cp-sx- mwv s]cp-º-s v Iev]n- -Xv. [\-Im-cy-a{ n s]cp-º-s v ssh{km-bn-am-sc-t m-em-bn-cp- p-hs m s]cp-am- - m ticfw `cn- n-cp- -Xv. B Ime-Øp- m-bncp Hmtcm cmpm- - mcpw Hcp n]vx kwjy s]cp-amƒ p -sim- Sp-t XmsW- pw, ]pdw B{Ia-Wß-fn \n pw B`y- c Iel-ß-fn \n pw \msns\ kwc- n-t - Xv s]cp-am-fpss Npa- X-e-bm-sW- p-am-bn-cp p A sø \n -bw. A{]-Imcw F m cmpm- - m-cn \n pw "B p-imww' ]ncn-s -Sp- p-hm s]cp-am- - m s]cp-º-s- n-s\- bmwv \ntbm-kn- n-cp- -Xv. GgmasØ s]cp-am-fmb hoc-am Ømfi-s -cp-am-fmwv s]cp-º-s- ns\ BZy-ambn At±-l-Øns [\- Im-cy-a-{ n-bmbn \nb-an- -Xv. ""s]cn-b-h -S-tb- p-am p ImW-aßp ]ncn- -b thwp-a-[n-imcw s]cp ºS- p-i-fp-s-b-h s m s]cpamƒ \evinb-xv.'' s]cp-º-s v sim n-kz-cq-]- tømsv ebn hgn AXn Hcp {]txyi Xmh-gn-bp- m-bn. s]cp- º-S v Xmh-gn-bpsS aqe-kz-cq-]- amb sim n-sb- n hgnsb a\- n-em- m-hp- -Xm-Wv. C{Xbpw t{ijvtx-tb-dnb s]cp-ºm-øp-ds -cn-b-h-cmb s]cp-º-s p ht cn cmp-hwiw sim nbnse Hcp Xmhgn am{x-ambn AXn ebn- -W-sa- n B sim n-kzcq]w F{X-am{Xw B`n-Pm-Xyhpw amlm-fly-hp-ta-dnbxmsw p am{xw Ct mƒ a\- n-em- nbm axn. tnc-am\pw s]cp-º-s pw III HSp-hn-esØ s]cp-am-fmb Ipe-ti-Jc chn-h Ω-s\ km m tncam s]cp-amƒ s]cp-º-s- ns\ F{X-am-{Xw _lp-am-\-tøm-sp-iqsnbmbn-cp p BZ-cn- n-cp- Xv F kwk-xn-sb- - n \ap p \mxn-ÿq-e-ambn hnh-cn- mw. \mev]-søm p hntz-i-s -cpam- - mcpw ht -cn-a- s\ kmam\yøne-[niw _lp-am-\n- n-cp- -Xmbn ImWp- p- v. s]cpamƒ `c-wmcw-`-øn\pw F{Xtbm ixm-_vz-ßƒ apºpxs ticf-øn ]cn-e-kn- n-cp Cu hwi-øns bym -tbm-kyx apgph\pw {Kln- Xp tnc-am s]cp-amƒ am{x-am-bn-cp- p. tnc-am s]cp-amƒ Hcp ssih-\-b-\m-cm-sw p \mw a\- n-em- n-b-s m. At±-l-Øns D]-mk-\m-aq Øn {ionn-zw-_-tc-i- \m-bn-cp p. B `K-hms\ Z in- pw, `Pn- pw, Ahn-SpsØ Xm fi-h-\røw I m-\-μn pw \mfp-iƒ Ign- p-h-cp-tºm-gmwv Ahn-Nm-cn-X-ambn At±-l-Øn\p tic-f-s -cp-am-fmbn htc- n-h- Xv F mwv Xan-gv -{K-Ÿßfn ImWp- -Xv. {io \S-cmP s A\p-a-Xnbpw A\p-{K-lhpw hmßn At±lw Xncp-h- - f- 14 Pqsse 2018

- Øn-cp- mwv `cww \S-Øn-b-Xv. Xncp-h- fw Xs ]m n- S-am- p-hm X -Xmb Imc-W-ap- v. ""afi-e-s -cp-am-fm-bn- n ew ]q p-sim sim -bm Ipfp Nq-S Xs men-bm- n-cp-t m Nfin-bm \S\w snbvx afiew I tx X hn -e-sa-s -Æn-s m- ßp Xm\m- p-sim- m '' (sim bm Ipfp Nq-S-\mb ]c-a-in-hs Xs m-en Xmfih-\r-Ø-i-_vZw {ihn- p-sim- ncp afi-e-s cp-amƒ \mev]- søm- masø s]cp-amƒ C ew ]q p-sim v ChnsS tic-f-øn h v Nfin-bm \S\w snbvx afiew {io ]m ΔXn \røw sh v hkn ÿew Xncp-h- fw ( Cu ]Z-Øns A w Xncp = {io; A = Ass AΩ; Ifw= \S-\-ÿ-ew) I -txm-sp-iqsn hn -e-sas Æn hn Xew = kz w kz -k-am-\-am-wm-ÿe-sa v Xo -bm n AhnsS hkn- p. tnc-am s]cp-amƒ Fhn-sSbn-cp- mepw `K-hms Xmfi-h- \r-ø-k-a-b-øp Im -Nn-eºp i_vzw At±-l-Øn\p {ihn- phm km[n- n-cp- p. Aß-s\- bp hc-_-e-tøm-sp-iq-snb B alm Xncp-h- fw cmp-[m-\nbm n AhnsS Ccp- -cp-fn-b-xn HuNn-Xy-ta-dn-bn-cn- p- p- v. At±lw A - -f-ø- -s\-bm Wv Xs D]m-k-\m-aq Ønbmbn tkhn- n-cp- -Xv. ]e-t mgpw ` - Zm-k-\mb s]cp-amƒ p {io NnZw-_-tc-i Znhy-Z i\w simsp-øn- p- v. AX-\p-k-cn v At±lw {io\-s-cmps Hcp hn{klw ] -temlw sim p \n Ωn- p-sh p ]qpn- n-cp- Xv Xncp-h- - fw t {X-Øn Hcp {]txyi {iotim-hn-en-\-iøp ImWmw. B hn{k-l-øns ]ot- Øn Xan-gn ""Xncp-h- fw k`m]xn'' Fs -gp-xo- p-ap- v. Cu {]Xn-jvTsb kw_- n- p sx n- m-cw sim m-bn-cn- Ww Nne Ncn-{X-Im-c- m aqet -{Xw tnc-am ÿm]n- -XmsW- -`n-{]m-b-s - n- p- -Xv. tnc-am s]cp-am-fp-ts-bpw At±-l-Øns txmg-cmb kpμc-aq Øn \b-\m-b-cp-ssbpw B Ime-Øp- m-bn-cp a p ` -{ZmhUv Ihn-I-fp-sSbpw kvtxm{x-c- Xv\-ß-fn Cu alm-t -{X-sØ- n kvxpxn- n- p v. NnZw-_-cw, cmta-iz-cw, {iocw-kw, Pw_p-tIizcw apx-emb Ccp-\q-s -gp-]-øn- \mep {]mno\ ssih sshjvw h t {X-ß-sf- n h Æn- n- p- -Xn Cu alm-t -{Xhpw Dƒs n- p v. tnc-am s]cp-amƒ pw aq mep ixm-_vz-ßƒ apºp hmwn-cp sn p- h s]cp-amƒ At±-l-Øns kp{]-kn- -amb ZnKv-hn-P-b-Øn p bm{x ]pd-s - Sp- -Xn\papºv Cu alm-t -{X- Øn h p kzman-z i\w \SØn A\p-{Klw hmßn- n- p- -Xmbn Nne- -Xn-Im-c-Øn ]dbp- p. ""sxæo Id sn n-sss- - S-hpƒ hæ-t -hsn; \nehp -Xn ap-snø \ocngpw si n, De-Ip-s]mXn Dcp høv Db t m tnh-sn.'' F n-ßs\ {]Xn-]m-Zn- n- p Xv Xncp-h- - f-ø- -s\- - n-bm-wv. B ImeØp B {]tziøv Cu Hcp inh-t -{X-a- msx as m- p-ap- m-bn-cp- n-. t {X-am-lm-fly- m-c Cu t {Xw ]c-ip-cm-a-ÿm-]n-x-amsw p ]d-bp- Xp AXns m{x-kv]μ\w {]mno-\-xsb ImWn- pi am{xam-wv. s]cp-amƒ At±-l-Øns D]-hm-k-\m-aq Øn-bm-b-XpsIm p B t {X-Ønse `cww t\cn- mwv \n Δ-ln- ncp Xv. At±-l-Øns cmp-[m- \nbpw B alm-t {X ]cn-k-c- Øm-W-s m. tnc-am s]cp-am-fpss `c-whn-p-b-øn-\p ASn-ÿm\w s]cp-º-s- ns kl-i-c-w-amsw p ]s Bcpw A{X Adn- n-cn- -bn-. s]cp-am-fm-i-s, kzm ` n-bn apgp-in-bn-cp- -XpsIm- p `c-wm-[n-im-cy-ß-fn A{Xbv p {i snep-øp-hm ka-b-ap- m-bn-cp- n-. sim n-kz-cq-]-tømsp s]cp-º- S phwiw ebn- -Xp-t]mse amshwiw Fs mcp Xmh-gn-bp-ap- mbn-cp- p. CXn-s\- n IqSp-X hgnsb hnh-cn- mw. ams-hw-i- Øns amlmflyw s]cp-amƒ \ -t]mse a\- n-em- n-bn-cp- p. s]cp-amƒ tic-fm-[n-]-xy-ta p BZyw snbvx kwkxn ams-hwisø _lp-am-\n- p-i-bm-bn-cp- p. "s]cp-amƒhmgvn' F {]m No\ {KŸ-Øn Cßs\ ]d-bp- p. ""amstc ams-tb-øn, tis-tc-tø- Sn-bm n ]ms-tc-]m-s-th-øn, ImStc ImSth n \mstc \ms-th-øn, BStc BSnbm n hostc hos-hmøn, NqStc NqSn- \mtc'' (kmcw: t{ijvt-\mb ams-cm- Pm-hns alxzw a\- n-em n At±-lsØ G hpw Db ÿm\øv (Xs Kpcp-\m-Y-ÿm- \-Øv) Ib- n-sh p _lp-am-\n- p. B Kpcq-]-tZ-i-{]-Im-c-amWv At±lw PohnXw \bn- -Xv. B Kpcp D]-tZ-in- -{]-Imcw P\-ß- Pqsse 2018 15

fpss A m-\m- -Im-c-a-I- n Ahsc kzvhrø-cm- p-hm \msp-txmdpw k -\-ß-fmb hnzzm- msc \nb-an v thz-im-kv{x- ]p-cm-tw-xn-lmk {KŸ-ßƒ ]mcm-bww snøn- n- p. ax t_m[w, kzm-nm-cw, sfiyw, kvt\lw apx-em-b-hsb \m- n {]N-cn- n- p. hnzym-lo-\-cmb ]ip- {]m-b- m-cmbn \m n Ie-l-ap- m p \nir-jvs-po-hn-i-fmb a\p-jysc kzvhrø-cm- p-hm th Xv snbvxp. Krl-ÿ- msc \m n Øs am\-ambn Pohn-t - -Xn-te v th tx msp snbvxp. Cßs\ \m ns t a-øn p th -sx- m-ta msp snbvxv At±lw ]ca-in-hs\ `Pn- p-sim- n-cp- p. s]-cp-º-s pw ams-hw-ihpw ebn sim n-kz- -cq-]sø tncam s]cp-amƒ _lp- -am-\n- Xv CXp-sIm- v am{x-am-bn-. "s]cpa-mƒ hmgvn' mc ]d-bp- Xv t\m p-i. ""De-I-Øn-\p-bn-cn-\n-cs io \netb \e-am-i-s m-en-th nb auen-iessb ae-\m- n-\-c-in-b-em-xn-x-etb Ae-am-\-an-e-tIIn ]pe-b-w-xpetb'' (kmcw: k tδ-iz-c-\mb `Khm {io ]c-a-in-hs Bÿm- \-amb Xncp-h- fw almt {Xw Ien-bpsS Zpt jvs- Iƒ v ASn-s] p Po Æn- -Xns\ ]pxp n `wkn-bmbn ]Wn Ign v si n-s-øns Io Ønsb \ne- \n Øn. {iotim-hn-en Xmgn-I- psw ÿm]n- pi F alm- I Ωhpw \nd-th- n. A\- cw Xo m-s-\-øn-e-`n-cpnn P\n v Xm as-ßn-h-cp- -Xp-hsc ticfw `cn- p-hm BZn-tI-c-tf-izcs\ (sim- n-kz-cq-]-sø) Xs snt m simsp-tø-ev]n v s]cp-amƒ Zqc-tZ-ißfn Xo m-s-\-øn-\p-t]m-bn. Ipe-Kpcp-hmb hkn-jvt-\n cmpy-`m-c-taev]n v cma-`- -\mb `c-x \μn- {Km-a-Øn-te v t]mb kwk-xnbmwv \ap- n-hnss Hm Ω hcp - Xv. tnc-am s]cp-am-fpss Ime- Øp-Xs GXm\pw h jw ticf-s -cp-am-fmbn `cww \S-Ønb sim n-kz-cq-]-øns Dev]Øn tnc-am-\n \n m-sw- p [mcw sx m-sw v C\n ]d-tb- -Xn- -s m. hoc-am Øm-fi-h Ω-s -cpamƒ s]cp-º-s- ns\ ticf t {X-ß-fpsS ta t m-bva-bmbn \n -bn- -X-\p-k-cn v s]cp-º-s p X -bm-bn-cp p tnc-ams Ime Øpw Xncp-h- fw t {X- Ønse ta t m-bva-bm-bn-cp- -Xv. s]cp-amƒ B t {X-Øn se cmp-tim-bva-bp-am-bn- m-wn-cp- -Xv. tnc-am s]cp-amƒ v cmpy- `-c-w-t iw AXy w Zp -l-ambn-tøm- n, F p am{x-a, X\p- XymKw snbvxv ]c-a-in-h-]m-zm-chn-μ-a-w-bp-hm AXym-Imw- bpw P\n- p. Xs {]nb txmg-\mb kpμ-c-aq Øn \b \m ssiemkw {]m]n hnhcw tnc-am\v a\- n-em-b-txm-sp- IqSnbmWv At±-l-Øn\v temitøm-sp sshcmkyw P\n- -Xv. am\-h s\dn-b-dn v am\-h ]dnsb-dn- v, ]\n-asse inc-øn io j-a-wh-sx\n \Øp sim p, iqs X Ipew s]men amssc Xe-h-cm- n, iqs-apw-timep-tain Imh sshøm-i-t]in'' (kmcw: s]cp-amƒ a\p-kvar- XnXXzw a\- n-em n kzx-\p- XymKw snbvxv ssiemkw {]m ]n- - m-\m-{k-ln- p. kqcy-hw-i- Pcmb amshwisø Inco-Shpw snt mepw simspøv tic-f-s cp-am-fmbn hmgn- n-cpøp-hm-\m-tem- Nn- p) Cu hnhcw At±lw {]P- I-tf-h-tcbpw ap Iq n Adn-bn- p. ""s]cp- -ssi-ø-cp-tf, Icp-Øtb aw-øv, am\n-s-ø-e-h-tc, tn Øv s]cp-in- \-]p-c-ta, Acn-b-W-bm Øv, hms-sc-ø-e-hcmbv t] Øv, Xncp-ap-Sn-a-Wntb, bpe-i-fn-im-si, apsn-bn-\n s]men-øp-sh-øv, Acp-]-gn-]p-dtb, sbmcp- -Xp-tcm-am n inh-\msc \q ]SnØv'' cmpy-`-cw t i-øn \n p Hgn-hmbn injvs-ap Imew `Kh `P\w snbvxp ap n t\sphm-\m-{k-ln v kakvx {]P-I-fpsS-bp-a-`n-{]m-b-a-\p-k-cn v B \nd kz- n sh v s]cpamƒ ams-cm-p-hw-isø Xs ]n Kmanbmbn Xnc-s -SpØp \n -bn v kz w Xrss sim p Xs Xs Inco-SsØ amscmp inc- n Nm Øn snt m ep simspøp ""temiw apgp-h kº -k-ar- -am n hmgpi'' F m-io h-zn p. tnc-ams Cu {]hr-ønsb "hmgvn-bn-cp-ø ' F mwv ]d- p-h-cp- -Xv. tncam s]cp-am-fpss Ah-km\w apx C pw Inco-S-[m-c-Wm-h-kc-Øn Cu hmgvn-bn-cp-ø I Ωw sim n alm-cm-pm- - mcmwv \n Δ-ln- p-h-cp -Xv. CXp sim n alm-cm-pm- mcpss Hcp Inco-S-[m-c-W- -S-ßmWv. Cu hmgvn-bn-cp-ø Ign- m am{xta `c-wm-[n-im-cn-bm-i-bp p F mwv \n -bw. 16 Pqsse 2018

sim n henbxºp-cm Xos - -tijw Xncp-h- fn apxem-b ASn-b- -c-ß-ƒ Ign- mep-ss\ a m-t cn timhn-e-iøp sh p ]n sø aq n\p Inco-S- [m-cww \S-Øpw. A[nIw Xmakn-bmsX henb Xºp-cm ]cnhm-c-k-taxw Xncp-h- - f-tøs -gp-s n B alm-t -{X- Øn sh p "hmgvn-bn-cpø-epw' \S-Øpw. t {X-Ønse Hcp apjy D]-Nm-c-I-\mb "shfpø \ºn-bm ' F ÿm\-t -cp- bm-fmwv hmgvn-bn-cp-ø I Ωw \S-Øp-hm-\p A[n-Im-cn. shfpø \ºn-bm Xrt m-hn-en- \-I-Øp-sh v {]txyiw ]qp Ign v Acnbpw ]qhpw henb Xºp-cms inc- n hnxdn ""aq mwv Xrt m-hn-ep-s-a-bmbv s]cp-amƒ Xºp-cm-\mbv snt m snepøn s\sp-\mƒ hmwncn '' F n-ßs\ aq p {]m hiyw Dds snm n Bio h- Zn- pw. hmgvn-bn-cp-ø-ens amlm-fly-a-\p-k-cn v a m-tlm-jß-sf- m-ap- m-bn-cn- pw. Cu k{º-zmbw Xos "sim n [m ΩnI N{I-h Øn' F A]- c-\m-a-øm-e-dn-b-s almcm-pmhns Ime-tØm-f-ap- m-bn-cp- p. shfpø \ºn-bm-sc- n Cu L -Øn Aev]w Adn-tb- - Xp v. tic-fo-b-cpss ]qpm-k- {ºZmbw tnc-am s]cp-amƒ p Xr]vXn-h-cmsX thfm-]p-cøp Xs ]ptcm-lnx IpSpw-_-Øn \n p Hcp imj hc-h-gn v t {X- Øns hs p `mk-sømcp Zn n IpSn-bn-cp-Øn -t {Xw ]qpm-zn-iƒ mbn Npa-X-e-s -Sp- Øn. Chsc "thfm-]p-cøp \ºn'sb m-bn-cp- p ]d- n-cp- Xv. "\ºn' F ]Z-Øn\p Xangn "]qp-i ' F mw w tic-f-ønepw Nne-bn-S-ß-fn ]qp-i- msc \ºn F p ]d-bmdp v. iqno-{μøp X{ n- aq-ø- Xm-Wv. F m At±-lsØ "\ºn' F mwv hnfn- p- -Xv. \ºn-am inh-zzn-p- m-cmwv. ticf-øn Ahsc "aqøxv' F p ]d-bpw. thfm-]p-cøp \ºn m{x-kv]μ\w tem]n v thfmøp \ºn-bmbn HSp-hn shfpø \ºn F mbn Øo p. shfpø \ºn-am v "Xrt mhnepw s]mxp-hmfpw' Fs m-cp ÿm\-t -cp- m-b-xmbn tzhkzw dn m Up-I-fn ImWp- p. a p Nne {]mno\ e y-ß-fnepw Cß-s\-Xs ImWp- p- v. henb Xºp-cms Xo q-c-ß-fnse mw ""\ΩpsS Xrt m-hnepw s]mxp-hmfpw'' F mwv Fgp- Xmdv ]Xn-hv. Xrt m-hn-se ]Zw sim p Xncp-h- - -ftøbpw s]mxp-hm-sf ]Zw sim p F m-h pw s]mxp-hmbn- p- -bmƒ F p-am-wv kqnn- n- p- -Xv. CXn p Iq m-bn- p A w tnc-am s]cp-am-fpss {]Xn-\n[n F m-wv. tase-gp-xnb {]Im-c-ap hmgn- n-cp-ø Ign- m am{xta sim n henb Xºp-cm "KwKm-[c Xncp-t m-hn-e-[n-imcn' F ÿm\-øn- l-\m-ibp- p. (Xp-S-cpw) {io]fl-\m` k n-[n-bn Cfw-X-e-ap-d-bpsS taf-s]-cp w Xr qwn-øpd timhn-e- IsØ Cfw-X-eap-d- m-cmb ic h Ωbpw ]m ΔXn h Ωbpw C -gn sabv 26 mw XobXn Xncp-h-\- -]pcw {io]-fl- \m-`-kzman t {X-Ønse Xpem- `mc afi-]-øn Hcp awn- q \o p-\n Xmb-ºI Ah-X-cn- n- p. \m p-imcpw adp-\m- p-im-cp-a-sßnb h ` -P-\- km n- y- Øn-emWv Cu Iuam-c- m sim n- -b-dn-b-xv. G{]n amk- Øn Xriq s\bvxe mhn-e- Ω-bpsS k n-[n-bnepw Ch XmbºI Ah-X-cn- n- ncp- p. acsv {KntKm-dnb ]ªnIv kviqƒ F mw mkv hnzym n-bmb ic, {]Imiv h Ω bp-ssbpw cmp{io h Ω bp-ssbpw ai-\m-wv. Xncphm- pfw `h kv ap jn hnzym{iw ]Ømw m v hnzym n-\n-bmb ]m ΔXn, Pb-N-{μ Xºp-cms bpw Pb{io h Ω-bp-sSbpw ai-fm-wv. cmp-ip-spw-_-ønse Xs AwK-amb tkm]o- Ir-jvW Xºp-cms Iogn-emWv Ign H c h j-ambn Ch Xmb-ºI A`y-kn- p- -Xv. Pqsse 2018 17

alm-ihn ] fw tic-f-h Ω Nc-a-i-Xm-_vZn-bm-tLmjw alm-ihn ] fw tic-f-h ΩbpsS Hcp h jw \o p\n p Nc-a-i-Xm_vZn BtLm jw ] -føv XpSßn. ticf kmlnxy A m-z-anbpw ] fw tic-f-h Ω kvamci kan-xnbpw tn v \S-Øp ]cn-]msn kn\nam-kw-hn-[m-b-i ASq tkm]me-ir-jvw DZvLm-S\w snbvxp. al-ømb Bi-b-ßƒ ae-bm-fn- Iƒ v Ihn-X-bn-eqsS ]I p- X Ihn-bmWv ] fw tic-fh Ω-sb v At±lw ]d- p. B[p-\n-I-X-bn-te- p \S- mx sxfn- -Xn-s\m w efn-xhpw Kl- \-hp-amb Bi-b-ßƒ km[m-c-w- m-cmb P\-ß-fn-te v FØn- p-i-bm-bn-cp p At±lw snbvx-sx pw ASq tkm]m-e- Ir-jvW ]d- p. ticf kmlnxy A m-zan sk{i dn tum. si.-]n. taml-\ A y- X hln- p. Fgp-Øp-Im-c s_\ym-an apjy-{]-`mjww \S- Øn. `n n v Ah-\-hs IqSm-c- Øn-te-s m-xp-ßp kaqlsø H n p tn p- Xv kmln-xy-iq- m-bva-bm-sw v At±lw ]d- p. Ihn-X-bn P\n v Ihn-X-bn Pohn v Ihn- X-bn acn Ihn-bmWv ] fw tic-f-h Ω-sb pw At±-l- Øns kvac-w- mbn {]Xna ÿm]n- -W-sa pw _me-i-hn-x- Iƒ ]mt-]p-kvx-i-ß-fn Dƒs - Sp-Ø-W-sa pw kmlnxy A m- Z-an-bn At±-l-Øns Nn{Xw sh -W-sa pw s_\ym-an ]d- p. ] fw tic-f-h Ω kmln- Xy-k-anXn {]kn-u vtum. si.- F-kv. chn-ip-am, sse{_dn Iu kn Pn m {]kn-u v s{]m^. Sn.-sI.Pn. \mb, t\mhenãv kn. dlnw, hmb-\- q w kwlm-s-i Pn. clp-\m-yv, si.- kn. Knco-jvIp-am F n-h {]kw-kn- p. DZvLm-S-\-Øns `mk-ambn \S skan-\m-dn kmln-xy-k-anxn sshkv {]kn- U v]n.-pn. iin-ip-am h Ω A y- X hln- p. tum. F. AP-b-Ip-am, chn-h Ω Xºpcm, tum. Fkv. Fkv. {ioipam, ]n. chn-h Ω, AΩn-Wn-bΩ F n-h {]kw-kn- p. ]fin-x-cxv\w ]pc-kv mcw hnizkwkvirx {]Xn-jvTm\w ticf ti{μ- Øns "]fin-x-cxv\w' ]pc-kvimcøn\v Xr q-wn- Øpd im n-\n-ti-x ]me- nse s{]m^.- IrjvWIpam-c Xºp-cm A l-\m-bn. amth-en- -c-bn \S NS-ßn U ln cmjv{sob kwÿm cpn-kv{sm s{]m^. (tum.) kp{_ Wyi Ωbpw tum. Pn. KwKm-[-c \m-bcpw tn v ]pc-kv m-chpw ^e-i-hpw kωm-\n- p. irwtkcn `mcxn Xo -bn \n pw kph Ælmcw, Ien-bØv ]c-ta-izc`mcxn kzman-bm kvamci kph Æ ap{z F o ]pc-kv m-c-ßfpw e`n- n- p- v. Xr q-wn-øpd Kh. kwkvirx timtf- Pn \n v s{]m^- -dm-bmwv hnc-an- -Xv. 18 Pqsse 2018

hntæm sxmgpw thz- mtº Hs -Sp- s at\m-c-a-x-ºp-cm- n, timgn-t msv h j-ßƒ p-apºv Hcp kpzn-\-øn, tic-f-hym-ks ktlm-z-c-\mb sh Wn C sø, ]c-a-`- \pw kmln-xy-hnim-c-z-\p-amb \ºq-Xncn apø-» ]pxnb timhn-eiw `K-hXn s n-se-øn. \ma-k- o Ø\w sim v apj-cn-x-amb txhmcs nse ]mh-\m- -co w B hμy-h-tbm-[n-is lrz-bsø kmc-ambn kv] in- p. ` nbpss \nd-hn B {_m -W-t{ijvT c p ssiøpw \o n `Khms\ kwt_m-[\ snbvxp. ""sshz- m-tº, Hs -Sp- s.'' A{ip- ƒ \nd t\{xßƒ, IWvT-i-_vZ-Øn\v CS hcp-øn. F n-epw, sh Wn apø-» ck\xe-ap-d-iƒ p th n A -c-ßƒ tim sø -SpØv kvtxm{x-ame cnn p B A\-izcame "ap pipøn Ir jvw\v Nm Øn, ` n\n `-c-am bn ]msn. ""H p-\o n ap p IpØn tnd- Wn p amdn-s-øn ]oen-øn-cp-apsn ]mxn Xncp-In-s - n. ^me-at[y Xne-Ihpw \oe-t\{x ARvP-\hpw ]q W-N-{μ-{]-Im-iamw Xncpap-Jhpw _me-a-wn-tam-xn-chpw Inßn-Wnbpw-X-f-hf Xmtem-e-s -Xemw IrjvW-\-Wn- p-sim v ] m-c- m ]mb-khpw shæbp-a-ar-xp-ap v. ]p n-cn-]q- Ω Xs apjøp t\m pw hn{]-tz-hm-ebw X n C{]- Imcw hmw-cpfpw A{]-ta-b I\n-thmsS ImØcp-ftW! tzho-tz-hm-ebw X n C{]- Imcw hmw-cpfpw A{]-ta-b I\n-thmsS ImØpsIm-t Ww shæbpw ]m m-b-khpw th p-thm-fw Xcp-th Rm ""hntæm sxmgpw, thz- mtº!'' Hs -Sp- -s! A -c-]qp Ign v `mk-htxm-ø-a asßn F m t]mipw aptº A t±lw cnn kvxpxn-koxw F pw txhm-c-s - n apg-ßs F Hcm-ibw \ In-bn- mwv bm{x-bm-b-xv. ]g-b-im-esø ]q h-i-c- msx C v A[n-Iamcpw Cu Imcyw Adn- n- n-s - nepw "ap p-ipøn IrjvW ' Cu Io Ø-\m-em]w A v apx ti p-sim v ]p ncn XqIp- p, C pw XpS-cp- p. Ime-N{Iw Xncn psim ncn- -b-s. A v txhm-c-s - n P]-Øn\v h n-cp hcmcpw Xs C v Cu temi-øn-en-. D -htcm? txhm-c-s - ns kao-]-{]-tz-iøp \n v F{Xtbm AI-e-ß-fn-embn Xmakw. Cu Io Ø\w txhm-c-s - n\v ]pdwtem-iøpw FØn- -Ww. A c-ßƒ ambmsx \nev m AXym-h-iy-am-W-Xv. sndnb Xºpcm n (k-zm-in-hw) bpss A`n-{]mbsØ am\n v Io Ø\w `wknbm-bn s{^bnw snbvxv Fs ai {]Zo-] (dn. ko\n-b kq{]- v, kmaq-xncn Kpcp-hm-bq-c- timtf-pv) ho n-se-øn- p. tai- p-døv k o Ø-\- t^mt m FØnb \nanjw "20 apdn-'bn-se- aq v kv{xoiƒ F s kμ in- m-\mbn h p. (ao ÿeøv "kmaq-xncn timhn-eiw' F si n-s-øn-\- cnsi "20 apdn' F Hcp si nsw (^vfm v t]mse) D m-bn-cp- p. 50 h jw apºv hsc, ÿm\- ta p kmaq-xncn cmpm- - mcpss hmk-ÿm-\-ambncp p "ao kmaq-xncn timhn-eiw' F -dn-b-s - n-cp si nsw (C v F.-F-kv.-F-kv.kvIqƒ). Cu sim m-c-ønse tkh-i v Xmakn- m kmaq-xncn cmpmhv \ In-b-Xm-bn-cp p "20 apdn' Xncp-h-Æq timhn-e-iøpw Ch v tkh-\-ap- m-bn-cp- p. ]gb tkh-i-cpss BKat\mt±iw Rm At\z-jn- p. hn-\btøm-ss-sb- nepw asn v asn v Ah Hcm-hiyw ]d- p. Ah timhn-e-isø ]gb tkh-i-sc- m-hcpw IqSn Hcp `mk-hx k]vxmlw ao {ioirjvw t {X-Øn h v \SØm\p-t±in- p- p. Fs km n yw Ah v AXym-h-iyw. th - Xmb F m kui-cyhpw sn bvxp Xcmw; (Xn-cp-h-Æq-cn \n v GI-tZiw c p Intem-ao- Zqcw ao - -bn-te- p- v.) hnj-a-ßsfm pw hcp-ømsx Xncn-s - Øn mw. A[nI {]kw-k-am-sw v txm -cp-xv, F\n v hmkvxh-øn hfsc kt m-j-amwv txm n-b-xv. C{Xbpw al-ømb Hcp Imcyw, ]W- n-ehpw DØ-c-hm- ZnXz `mc-hp-ap Hcp kxvi aw Pqsse 2018 19

v m{x-kv]μ\w `K-hm-\ n- m Ch v a\ pw Pohn-X-km-l-N-cyhpw `K-hm \ In-bt m? Fs IrjvWm, Ahn-Sp v F{X Icp- Wm-\n-[n-bm-Wv. tkh-i-cmbn PohnXw \bn v PohnXw sa -s - Sp-Ønbhcm-sW- nepw, a\ kzv {]hr-øn-bn-te- m-ws m am \n t±iw snbvx-xv. h kv{xoiƒ XpS p. Ahn-Sp v Hcp Znh-k-sa- nepw hc- Ww. h v ""H p-\o n'' F Io Ø\w k]vxm-l-cw-køv snm - Ww. {]bmk-an-s - n thsdbpw Io Ø-\-ßƒ snm n-bm k t mjw. Cu Io Ø\w F mbmepw snm -Ww. Fs Ir jvwm Rm\o tiƒ p Xv kxy-amtwm F v txm n-t mbn. k o Ø-\-h-cn-Iƒ `wknbm n tai- p-døv Ccn- p- -txbp- p. ]ns Xma-kn- n-. k o Ø-\-h-cn-Iƒ Xncp-h-Æq alminh t {X-Øn-se hnjvwpt -{X-Øns hmxn amsøn ÿm]n- p. A\-h[n ` -I-WvTßƒ C pw ""Hs -Sp- s '' F v `K-hm-t\mSv {]m n- p- p. Bem-]-\-tØmsS. Ww kzoi-cn v Rm k]vxm-l-cw-k-sø-øn. CS-th-fbn ""Hs -Sp- s '' F v a\ v \nd- p-sim v Rm DÆn- rjvw-t\msv At]- n- p. k]vxm lw \S- p-sim- n-cns H pc- p t] (A-]-cn-Nn-X ) Io Ø\w ho pw tiƒ m B{Klw {]I-Sn- n- p. C{X-bp-amb-t mƒ ]pxnb timhn-eiw txhm-c-s - nse I Wnsb sh Wn apø-» t\cn I p-sim v Cu hcn-iƒ cnn- -XmsWs -\n- p-d- m-bn. lrzb-øn X n Rm IÆ-t\mSv {]m n- p. ""\n Ia-\o-bamw AwKw ad- p-t]mbv F nepap p \n \ma-sa ssihiw Xt m-sp-ir-jvwmwk \oe-c-xv\- Øn\p kmbq-py-ta-inb IqS- amwn- IysØ \n pss kp-μ-c-\m-asø \mhpsim v Hs -Sp-s s Rm DΩhbv s Rm \ma-ta, Io Ø-\-tLm-j-Ønem p sim t mat\, \mhnepw s\ nepw hmgvi \o. sxm n-emsa \mhn \ns InS-ØoSmw B n-bp-d- osmw Xmcm p ]msn Rm Hm m-c-\- -Wn, hnzym-zn-\-awn ` -Nn- m-a-wn, Fs I Wn I -Wo-sh I \o'' (Hm q ) sndnb Xºp-cm n v (k-zm-inhw) {]nb-s hcn-iƒ. Cu k o Ø-\-h-cn-Iƒ sh Wn C sø B s - nepw kωm-\n- Ww F Hcp tamlw Fs D n DZn- p. sszh-\n-tbm-kw, AYhm thz- m-ºns ImcpWyw Cu-sbm-cm- {Klw k^-e-am-im F\n v XpW-bm-bn. c p\mep `mj-ifn {]mho-wy-ap cm[m-am-[-hs\ Iem-Im-cn-sb, (`mk-h-xm- Nm-cy mcmb sh Wn hnjvwp, IrjvW F n-h-cpss ktlm- Zcn cm[sb) ]cn-n-b-s -Sm\pw kulrzw hf-cm\pw kwkxn h -txmss ap- p-ipøn IrjvW s k o Ø-\-cq]w Rm cm[bv v kωm-\n- p. kk-t m jw cm[ Fs kωm\w kzoicn- p. c m-a-sxm-cmƒ p IqSn Cu kωm\w Rm ka n v IrXm -bm-bn. hnzp-jnbpw, ` nbpw Bflo-b- m-\hpw XnI a\- ns DS-a-bpamb k Δm-Z-c-Wobbmb, cmp-cm-p{io AizXn Xncp-\mƒ Kucn-e- van- `mbn Xºp-cm- n- mwv Rm\o kωm\w ]n osv ka n- -Xv. Fs ai {]Zo-] "{iocp- {Zm w' F Fs {KŸw Ahn-SpsØ ImWn v A`n-{]m-bw Adn-bm sn kμ `w. almdmwn t^mwn IqSn Fs hnfn v ""Io Ø\w H v snm n- Ø-cmtam'' F tnmzyw kkt mjw Rm kzoi-cn- p. dmwn-bpss A`n-\-μ-\hpw Fs kt m-jhpw F mw "thz- m- ºn'\v ka n p. ""thz- m-tº, icww.'' thz- m-ºns Xrss -hn-fbm w Cu hcn-i-fn \ mbn ]Xn- n- p- v. cnn `t m-øas amlmflyw Xs -bmhmw F hnizmkw Fs a\- n cqv-aq-e-am-bn. "{iotzhn\nebw' F -dn-b-s - Sp-, ]pxnb timhn-eiw (km-aq-xncn cmp-hw-i-øn aq v cmp-k- n-[n-i-fn H v) `K-hXn s n "ap p-ipøn IrjvW ' Fßns\ C{XtØmfw ÿm\m- [n-cq-v-\m-bn? AsXmcp {ih-wa-[p-c-amb IY-bm-Wv. Cu IY Ncn-{X-Im-c- m tcj-s -SpØn ImWp-I-bn-. Ah-cpsS Xqen-Ibn hcp hnj-bw, cmpm- - mcpss PohnX Ime-b-fhpw `c-w- ]-cn-jv m-chpw am{x-am-bn-cn- pw. Bflo-b-X-bpsS am[p-cyhpw ]mh- \-Xbpw kuip-amcyhpw sim mc-s - p-i-f-n am{xw Xßn-\nev p- p. IY-Iƒ v Bkv]-Zamb Nne {]txy-i-x-iƒ v km nxzw hln- p hkvxp-x- Ifpw D m-hpw. Ime-{I-taW C -d ss]xr-i-ßfpw \mamh-ti-j-am-ipw. \ΩpsS {i Cu A\-izc ss]xr-i-ß-fn ]Xn- m CS-h-cs F v `Khmt\mSv {]m n- p-sim- v, \q m- p-iƒ v apºv `K-hZv ]mzw ]qinb ]q hn-isc {]Wan- p-sim v ]gb Ime-tØ v H v Rm\pw ItÆm-Sn- -s. "ap p-ipøn IrjvW ' ]pxnb timhn-e-iøv knwlm-k- \m-cq-v-\mb IY. 20 Pqsse 2018

v NXp m-a-bm{x si.- si. Atim-I, s]cp-ºm-hq m{x-kv]μ\w (Ign e w XpS ) ]nt -Zn-hkw cmhnse 7.00 awn-tbm-sp-iqsn Kp]vX-Im-in-bnte v ]pd-s - p. 10.30\v Nº SuWn FØn. [mcmfw IS- Ifpw tlm -ep-ifpw dntkm p- Ifpap - Hcp sndnb ] -W-amWv Nº. Hcp tlm -en Ibdn Nmb IpSn- p. bm{xm at y `mkoc-yo-\-znbn-ep temi-ønse G hpw Dbcw IqSnb "sxlcn Umw' I p. D bv v 2.00 awntbmsp IqSn Af-I-\μ XocØv "kqcy-tzhv' aμn-c-øn\p ap ]n D -`- -W-Øn-\mbn _ \n Øn. 2.45 HmsS "^m ' bnte v bm{x XpS p. 4.00 awn v cp{z-{]bmkv SuWn FØn. hf sc CSp-ßnb hgn-iƒ. tdmun\v Ccp-h-ihpw [mcmfw IS-Iƒ, aμm-in-\n, Af-I-\μ \Zn-I-fpsS kwkaw tdmun \n v t\m n I p. ChnsS \n v ^m -bnte v 54 In. an. Zqcw D v. sshin v 6.00 awn v Kp]vX-Imin-bn-seØn. alm-`m-c-x-bp- - Øn kz w _ pp\-ßsf simt n h -Xn-\m ] m- Øm] hnh-i-cmb ]mfi-h AXn-\p {]mb- nøøn-\m-bnth D]-tZ-i-ßƒ \ Ip-hm alm-hnjvwphns\ kao-]n- p. At mƒ Cu hnj-b-øn Xm \n -lm-b-\m-sw pw CXn-\mbn {io alm-tz-hs\ icww {]m]n- p-hm\pw D]-tZ-in- p. AX-\p-kcn v ]mfi-h ssiem-k-ønte v hcp- p-s - -dn v almtz-h A m\w snbvxv cl-ky-ambn X] p snbvx ÿe-amwv Kp]vX-Im-in. CXdn ]mfi-h- m ChnsS FØn-b-t mƒ alm-tz-h Hcp Imf- q- -Øn\nS-bn Hcp ImfbpsS cq]w [cn v A{]-Xy- -ambn. CXv a\- n-em- nb [ Ω- ]p-{x `oa-tk-\-t\msv Cu Imf- q w t]mip hgn-bn c p ] Δ-X-ß-fpsS api-fn c p Imep-Ifpw h v \ne-bp-d- n- m\pw Aßns\ snøp-tºmƒ alm-tz-h Hcn- epw Ahs Im o-gn IqSn t]mhp-i-bns pw At mƒ amdn-t]m-ip Imfsb ]nsn-iq-sm\pw \n t±-in- p. CX-\p-k-cn v `oa-tk-\ hgnamdn t]mb Imf-bpsS apxp-in ]nsn-iq-sn. Cu ÿe-ømwv Ct mgsø tizm \my t {Xw. Chn- SpsØ kzbw-`penwkw (`m-c-x- Ønse 12 tpymxn enwk-ß-fn H v) ImfbpsS apxp-ins cq]- Øn BWv. Cu Imf-bpsS inc v t\ m-fnse ]ip-]-xn\my t {X-Øn-em-sW- v ]d-b-s - Sp- p. Kp]vX-Im-in-bn tdmun \n v \qtdmfw ]Sn-Iƒ Ibdn sn p- n-s-ømwv Kp]vX-Imin hniz-\m-y-t -{Xw. t {X-Øn\v ap h-iøv ka-n-xp-cm-ir-xn-bn D Hcp Ipgn-bn c v tkmap- J-ß-fn IqSn-bp Pe-{]- hmlw H v bap-\bpw at Xv KwK-bp-am-sW v Ahn-SpsØ ]qpmcn ]d- p. c p {]hm-lß-fnepw Imepw apjhpw Igp-InbmWv `K-hXv Z i\w \S-Øn-b- Xv. CS-Xp-h-i-Ømbn A -\m-coizc {]Xn-jvTbpw D v. bm{x-bn-ep-s-\ofw 'Dear pilgrims, all routes are open to Chardham Yathra, Have a happy and safe journey' F DØ Lfiv t]meokv Un m p-sa ns Fkv.Fw.-F-kv. ktμiw e`n- p- Pqsse 2018 21

v m{x-kv]μ\w sim- n-cp- p. F m ^m -bn FØp- -Xn\v ap ]v cm{xn F p awn-tbm-sp-iqsn sndp-xmbn ag- Nm- D m-bn. hgn-bn Hcp hml\w t{_ v Uu Bbn InS- -Xp-sIm v bm{xbpw XS- -s - p. F m-hcpw Dds `KhXv \ma-ßƒ P]n p {]m n- p. Ac awn- q-dn-\p- n bm{xm XS w \oßp-ibpw ho pw Ac-a-Wn- q bm{xbv p-tijw ^m -bn \ap v th n G msp snbvxn-cp tlm -en FØp-Ibpw sn bvxp. F m-hcpw Blmcw Ign v ]nt -Zn-hkw tizm-dn-te v t]mim th n InS- p-d-ßn. 17.9.2016 tizm-dn-te v cmhnse 5 awn- v F m-hcpw Ipfn- v, skz, ukv, Iym v F nh [cn v {]Xn-Iqe Imemh-ÿ-bn tizm \m-yn Xtß ] w [cn- p- -Xn\v Hcp sk v A[nI {U v klnxw bm{xbv v Xøm-dm-bn. 5.30\v hml-\-øn Ib-dn. {]m - \bv pw {io \tc-{μs elp-hnh-c-w-øn-\pw-tijw slen-]m-unte v Xncn- p. 6.aWn-tbm-Sp-IqSn Air Boarding Station FØn. 7.00 awn-tbmss Hmtcm-cp-Ø-scbmbn etkpv Dƒs ss shbn v t\m n ]mk- enkv v Xømdm- n. Hcmƒ v A\p-h-Z-\o-bamb amivknaw shbv v 85 Intem BWv. A[n-I-ap Hmtcm Intem{Kmw `mc-øn\pw 150 cq] h v A[nI Nm v simsp- Ww. _mkn IØn, kqnn, aq -bp a p hkvxp- ƒ H pw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-. shbn v t\m n-b-tijw {Ko Im Uv, sf.-un. F nh sn v snbvxp. t_m Unw-Kv Sn - p-ambn 5 t] hox-ap _m p-i-fmbn slen- ]m-un-te v sim p-t]m-bn. 8 awn apx BWv Rß-fpsS bm{x _p v snbvxn-cp- -Xv. GXm v 5 an\n- mwv ^vfbnwkv ka-bw. Hcp XhW ^vssf v t]mbm 15 an\n- n-\p- n ASpØ ^vssf n\v ]mi-øn\v slen-tim-]v asßn FØn-bncp- p. ]e Iº-\n-Ifpw ChnsS slen-tim-]v k Δokv \S-Ønbn-cp- p. ChnsS H n IqSp- X slen-]muv D m-bn-cp-s - nepw tizm \m-yn Hcp slen- muv am{x-amwv D -Xv. AXn- \m Hmtcm Iº-\n-Iƒ pw {]txyiw sssw t m v Ds v txm p- p-. tizm \m-yn ` - P-\-Øn-c v IqSp-X BsW- n slen-tim-]v am w bm{x snøp- -h v A p- Xs as-ßp- -Xn\v 1100 cq] \nc- n- kvs]jy Z i-\-øn\v G mspw D m-bn-cp- p. A m Ø ] w Hcp Znhkw AhnsS Xtß n ht - mw. Cuiz-cm- \p-{k-l-øm Rßƒ v bm sxmcp _p nap pw D m-bn-. Xnc pw Ipd-hm-bn-cp- p. tizm \m-yn t {X-Øn\v ]pdøv KW-]Xn, \μn,aiøv hexp hiøv ]m Δ-Xn, ] ]mfi-h, K `-Kr-l-Øn Htc ine-bn (Im-f-bpsS apxp-ins BIr-Xn-bn D ine) ap hiøv KW-]-Xn, ]m Δ-Xn, inh k -ev]w. Chn-sS-bmWv ]qpm X -Ww, A`n-tj-Iw, F nh snøp- Xv. Rßƒ 1100 cq] simspøv IpSpw_ ]qp, acn p t]mb-h v X Ww apx-embh \S-Øn. AXn-\p-tijw slen-]m-un-te v t]m p. t {X-Øn\v shfn-bn AI-sebmbn i -cm-nm-cy X] snbvxn-cp ÿew ImWmw. GXm\pw h jw ap ]v AhnsS Hcp talkvt^ms\w \S- p-ibpw XpS v s]s v {]fbw D m-b-xmbpw {]f-b-øn- `oamim-c-amb Hcp I v Hgp-Inh v tizm \my t {X-Øn\v ]pd-in Xßn-\n v t {XsØ {]f-b-øn \n pw c n- Xpw t {Xw HgnsI AhnsS D mbn-cp- -sx mw At\-Im-bncw a\p-jy Dƒs ss {]f-b-øn Hen p t]mb-xmbpw \tc-{μ ]d-bp-i-bp- m-bn. D -tbmsp IqSn F m-hcpw tizm \my t {X- Z i\w Ign v slen-]m-un as-ßn FØn-b-tijw _ n- tlm -en FØn ` Ww Ign- p. hn{i-a-øn\v tijw sshin v c p Po p-i-fn-embn {Xnbp-Kn-\mcm-b t {X-Øn-te v t]mbn. Chn-sSbmWv alm-hn-jvwp-hns km n- y-øn ]m Δ-Xo-]-c-taiz-c- m-cpss hnhmlw \S- -Xv F mwv hnizm-kw. aq v bpkßƒ v ap ]v \S B hnhml-øns kvacw \ne\n ØnbmWv Cu t {Xw {Xnbp-Kn-\mcm-bW t {Xw F v Adn-b-s - Sm XpS-ßn-b-Xv. ChnsS t {X- Øn\v ]pdøv {_ -Ip-fiv, hnjvwp-ip-fiv, cp{z-ipfiv F o aq v {]hm-l-ßƒ ImWmw. {iotim-hn-en\v ]pdøv Zº-Xn-]qP \S-Øn XpS v t {X-Øn-\p- -n {]th-in- p. A\- \p api-fn ibn- p alm-hn-jvwp-hns\ sxmgpxp. ap ]n Ct mgpw sismsx kq n- n- p ]m ΔXn hnhml ka-bsø tlma-ip-fi-øn \an- p. tlma-ip-fi-øn {Zhyw ( hndiv 10 cq] simsp-øm Hcp IjWw hndiv e`n- pw) ka n- p. tlma-ip-fi-ønse hn`qxn AWn p. Cu tlma- Ip-fi-Ønse `kvaw [cn- p- - Xpw, IpSpw-_-Øn kq n- p- Xpw hfsc sfiz-cy-{]-z-amsw pw Ip n-iƒ p- m-ip Zpxkz-]v\w, ] ntcmz-\w, izmkwap v, a p _me-]o-u-iƒ F n-hbv v kn u-j-[-amsw pw Ahn-SpsØ ]qpm-cn-am ]d- p. AXn-\m Rßƒ 22 Pqsse 2018

10 cq] simspøv Aev]w `kvaw hmßn. Z i-\-øn-\p-tijw Xncn v tlm -en FØn hn{ian- p. 18 9 2016 cmhnse 5 awn v _Z-co-\mYnte v ]pd-s - p. ^m bn \n v cp{z-{]-bmkv hsc Xncn p t]m -ti-j-amwv _Z-cnbn-te- p bm{x. hgn-bn ]ebn-søpw sndpxpw hep-xp-amb sh - m- -ßƒ I p. hgn v \Zo a y-øn Dt±iw 25 ASn s]m hpw 10 ASn-tbmfw hymkhp-ap-ff inhenw-km-ir-xn-bnep Hcp ]md I p. 8.00 awn-tbmsp IqSn cp{z {]bm-kv Af-I-\-μ aμm-in\n \Zn- I-fpsS kwk-a-ÿm\w FØn. Xmtg v 115 ]Sn-Iƒ Cdßn \Zokw-K-a-Øn ssiim-ep-iƒ Igp- In, Nmap-fin-tZ-hn, ss`ch t {X-ß-fn Z i\w \SØn ho pw api-fn-te v 23 ]Sn-Iƒ Ibdn sn p- n-s-ømwv cp{z \my t {Xw. ChnsS h mwv alm-tz-h \mcz al jn v alxn F how kωm-\n- -Xv. {][m\ {iotim-hn-en\v ]n n aqeÿm\w. \mc-z, e vao-\m-cmbw {]Xn-jvT-Iƒ. XpS v hgn-bn I Æ {]bmkv. Chn-sS-bm-Ws{X alm-`m-c-x-bp- - Øn hoc-arxyp hcn I Æs kam-[n. k ybv v ap ]mbn _Z-cn- \m-yn FØn. RßfpsS _ v "]-c-am -\n-ti-x\w' [ tω{μ kc-kzxn kvarxn-`-h, _Z-cnbnse BZy-sØ hn{i-a-ti{μw ([ Ω ÿm]-\w), ]cn-k-cøv _ v Ãm Un ]m v sn bvxp. apdn-bn t]mbn hn{i-an tijw t {Xhpw ]cn-k-c-ßfpw Np n \S- p. 19- - 9 2016 cm{xn-bn \ XWp- p- m-bn-cp- p. Iºnfn, tkmivkv, skz, Iym v F nh [cn- mwv Xte-Zn-hkw InS- -Xv. cmhnse 5.00 awn-tbmsp IqSn Fgp-t v t {X-Øn-te v t]mip hgn p Xs -bp NqSv \ocp-d-h-bn Ipfn v Z i- \w \S-Øn. ChnsS t {X-Øn {][m\ {iotim-hn-en _Z-cn-\m- Y-\p ]pdta Ipt_-c, hymk, \mc-z, KW-]-Xn, e van-tz-hn, D -h F n-h-cp-ssbpw ]pdøv Np -º-e-Øn alm-e- van, \c- \m-cm-b-w- m, Kcp-U F n-hcp-tsbpw {]Xn-jvT-Iƒ D v. t {X-Øns sx v `mkøv AIsebmbn \oe-iwvt ] Δ Xw DZ-b-kq-cys civan-itf v kz Æ h Æ-Øn Xnf-ßn \n p A p-x-i-c-amb Im gvn I p. t {X-Z i-\-øn-\ptijw Xmsg Cdßn "{_ I]m ' tebv p t]mbn. ]q Δn- I v _enx -W-ßƒ \S-Øn. XpS v "dmh Pn' sb I v Z n-w \ In A\p-{K-lminp-Iƒ t\sn. _Z-cn-\m-Yn Ipt_-cs ap ]n ]W- ngn ]qpn v hmßp- Xpw _Z-cn-\m- Y\v ]qwq ]qpn v hmßp- Xpw hfsc hnti-j-am-sw v Adn- n-cp- -Xp-sIm v Xte v Xs AXn-\p-th- G m-sp- Iƒ {io. \tc-{μ \S-Øn-bn-cp- p. XpS v t{_ v ^mãn-\ptijw c paq p-h w IqSn t {X-Z i-\hpw AXn-\p-ti-jw tjm nwkn\pw t]mbn. _Z-cn-bn Iºnfnhkv{X-ßƒ pw a p IuXpI hkvxp- ƒ pw hne- p-d-hmwv. Imcy-amb hne-t]- iepw C. D bv v ` -W-Øn\pw hn{ia-øn\pw-tijw C y-bpss AXn Øn-bnse G hpw Ahkm-\sØ {Kma-amb am\-hn-t -Pnte p t]mbn. alm-`m-c-x-hp-ambn _ -s ]e ]pwy-ÿ-eßfpw awn `{Z-]p-cn, KW-]Xn m{x-kv]μ\w Kpl, hymk Kpl (K-W-]-Xn v hymk alm-`mcxw ]d- psim-spø ÿew) m\-k-ckz-xn-bpss Dd-hnSw kc-kzxn t {Xw Hcp ]md-s - ns CSbn \n pw GXm v Hcp In.- ao. am{xta kc-kzxn \Zn Hgp- Ip- p- p. AXn-\p-tijw AXv Af-I-\μ \Zn-bn kwk-an- p- p. Cu ÿew tiih {]bmkv F v Adn-b-s -Sp- p. kc-kzxn \Zn-bpsS D -h-ÿm-\øv t {X-Øn-\p-k-ao]w "`oa]p ' \Zn v IpdpsI `oa \n Ωn `oam-imc H I nep ]mew I p. Chn-sS-bmWv alm-`m-cx bp -Øn-\p-tijw alm-{]-ÿm-\- Øn\v t]mb ]mfi-h-cn ]m men Hcp I n X n \Znbn-te v howv tam w {]m]n- - Xv. k y v Rßƒ _Z-cn-bn Xs as-ßn-sb-øn. k y v {iotim-hn-en-\-iøv Ibdn A \ \S-Øp- -Xn-\p Sn - p-iƒ apgp-h simspøp Xo Øn-cp- -Xmbn dm-h Pn Adnbn- n-cp- p-. AXn-\m Rßƒ {]Z- nww h v sxmgpxv Xncpap- Øv Ccp v BcXn ho n- p- Ibpw hnjvwp kl-{k\maw, \mcm-b-wobw F nh ]mcmbww snøp-ibpw snbvxp 20-9 2016 Cuiz-cm-\p{KlØm RßfpsS bm{xm-kw-l-ønep B pw Xs bmsxmcp t i-ßfpw hnlv\-ß-fpw IqSmsX NXp m-a-bm{x \n Δln- m km[n- -Xn-ep \nd kwxr-]vxn-tbmss cmhnse 5.00 awn v _Z-co-\m-Yn \n v as- -bm{x Bcw-`n- p. t\sc Rßƒ lcn-zzm-dn-te- mwv bm{x Bcw-`n- -Xv. cmhnse 7.00 awn v Rßƒ tpmjn-a-tn BZn-i- -cm-nm-cy ÿm]n \mev at-ß-fn H n FØn. Pqsse 2018 23

AhnsS e van-\m-cm-b-wt {Xw, CSXv api-fn txms- Im-Nm-cy Kpl ChnsS h mwv i -cm-nm-cy txms-im- Nm-cy v D]-tZiw \ In-b-Xv. ChnsS Kpl-bn inhs kv^sn-i-enwkv Ccp- n {]Im-in- p- -Xv Z in- p. hexphiøv ]Sn-Iƒ Ibdn sn m inht -{Xw. Iev]-hr Nph- nemwv inh-t -{Xw. GXm v 10 ASnbn IqSp-X hymkw txm n Cu hr -Øn\v. CXn\p Xmsg i -cm-nm-cy X] p snbvx ÿew. Cu hr - p-h- n h mwv i -cm-nm-cy v mt\m-zbw e`n -Xv. D bv v 3.15\v Rßƒ Af-I-\-μ- -`m-kocyn \Zn-Iƒ kwk-an v KwK-bmbn Hgp-Ip ÿew tzh {]bmkv FØn. Chn-sS-bmWv hknjvt Kpl. sshio v 6.15\v Rßƒ lcn- Zzm-dn FØn. 6.30\v KwKm Bc- Xn-bn ] p-sim- p. XpS v 7.00 awn v lcn-zzm-dn _p v snbvxn-cp- -tlm- -en FØn. tlm -ep-sa Rßƒ NXp ma-bm{x Ign p hcp- -h- -cm-b-xpsim v F m-h-tcbpw Nμ-\-ame \ In BcXn Dgn v kzoicn p. lcn-zzm-dn FØp- -Xphsc Rß-tfmsSm w bm{x snbvxn-cp hnth-imμ {Smh kv DSa {io. \tc-{μ as mcp bm{xmkwlsø \bn- m- \p XpsIm v Rß-tfm-Sv hns ]d- p. bm{xm-kw-l-øn D m-bn-cp F m-hcpw {io. \tc- {μ snbvxp X klm-bßƒ v \μn tcj-s -SpØn. 21-9 2016 cmhnse t\csø Xs Z ln-bn-te v ]pd-s - p. D -tbmss Z ln-bn FØn. tlm -en DuWn\pw hn{i-a- Øn\pw tijw sshin v Itcmƒ _mkn tjm nwkn\v t]mbn. sshin v ` -WØn\p- ap ]mbn Rßƒ v bm{x-bn-ep-s-\ofw bym-k-a-b-ß-fn hnhn[ Xcw ` Ww Xøm-dm n \ In-bncp, hnth-im-\μ {Smh kv G s -Sp-Øn-bn-cp ]mn-i- m v ]mcn-txm-jn-i-ßƒ \ In. 22-9- 2016 cmhnse 8.30\v {]`mx ` - W-Øn-\p-tijw \yqu ln sdbn sh-kvt -j-\n-te v ]pds - p. 9.00 awn v sdbn th tãj-\n FØn. cmhnse tlm -en \n p t]mcp-tºmƒ D bv v Ign- m ssxcvimxw, sshin v Ign- m N m-øn, ]nt - -tø v sea ssdkv, ]pfntbm-zc F nh {]txyiw {]txyiw πmãniv U -I-fn Rß-fp-sS ]mn-i- m Xs ]m v snbvxp X n-cp- -XpsIm v ` -W-Im-cy-Øn _p n-ap- p- m-bn. Rß-fpsS bm{xm-kwlw \nkm-ap-±n kvt j-\n Cd-ßn-bXp apx asßn \yqu ln tãj-\n iymaf h Ω, Xncp-h-\- -]pcw ] p-]-s mcp apø- ] n- m-sømcp apø- ]me- m-t bv p t]mim-\mbv ]mxn-hgn sn -t m-sgmcp ]mxn-cnsb p-ap n ]mxn-cn-bp-am-bv ] n-ta-s-bn ]m pw-]msn ckn- t m ]mxn-cm-t mgn Iqhn-b-t\cw ] p-sa-ø-bn ibn- t m t\cw ]pe p t\m p-t cw ]mxn-cn-sbsbßpw I -Xn ]mxn-cnsb t\m n-t\m n \S- p-ht m apø- ]me- m-t -bv p t]mip Imcyw ]mts ad- p-t]mbv apø FØp- -Xp-hsc hfsc kpc- n- X-ambn hml\w HmSn ] m_n ss{uh {io ca-wn\pw DNn-Xamb ]mcn-txm-jniw kωm-\n- p- I-bp- m-bn. Z ln-bn Rß-fpsS Xmak-Øn-t bpw bm{x-bp-ssbpw Npa-Xe \n Δ-ln- n-cp cho- {μ sdbn sh πm vt^mw hsc Rßsf A\p-K-an- p. cmhnse IrXy-k-a-bØv (11.30) Xs ticfmk -F-Ivkv{]- n bm{x Bcw-`n- p. F nepw B{ m {]tz-in D mb sh -s m- sø XpS v s{sbn \n nx dq n \n v hf-sc-b-[niw amdn k -cn-t n h p. AXn-\m GXm v 8 awn- q sshin 24\v sshin v 5.30\v BWv Rßƒ ho n Xncn-s -Øn-b-Xv. Aßns\ GsXm-cmfpw Pohn-X- Øn Hcn- se nepw snø-wsa v B{K-ln- p NXp ma-bm{x Cuiz-cm-\p-{K-l-Øm k^-e-am-bn. (Ah-km-\n p) 24 Pqsse 2018

thwmsv (Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq cmp-hwiw) tum. B. ]n. cmpm cmpm chn-h Ω-bpsS, Ccp- ]Xmw \q m- nse Poh Ncn-{X- Im-c- m, hnimjw Xncp-\mƒ alm-cm-pm-hns hfsc tami-amb Hcp Nn{X-amWv hc pim n-bn-cn- p- Xv. AXv hfsc \n `mky- I-c-sa v ]d-bmsx Xc-an-. Xncphn-Xmw-Iq cmp-ip-spw-_-øn-se, bym cmp jn-bm-bn-cp B alm-cm-pm-hns\, crvpnøv tzimbn apx-emb IYm-Ir-Øp- ƒ Hcp azy-]m-\nbpw kv{xoe- º-S-\p-ambn hsc Nn{Xo-I-cn- n-cn- p- p. C{]-Im-c-samcp Nn{Xw hnimjw Xncp-\m-fn-s\- p-dn v hcp-hm Imc-Ww, Infnam-\q sim m-c-øn \ne-\n- n-cp, C pw \n p p F v kwibn- p sx n- m-cw sim m- Wv. C\n Ncn{X bmym y-ßfn-te p IS- mw. H m-a-xmbn, c p-t]-cp-tsbpw kz`m-hsø ]cn-tim-[n p t\m mw. Bbneyw Xncp-\mƒ Hcp _ln ap-j-\m-bn-cp- p. [mcmfw Iq p-im-cpw, Ah-cp-ambn IS- p-døp t]mbp k m-]- ßfpw a pw [mcm-f-ambn D m-bncp- p. hnimjw Xncp-\m-fm-Is A ap-j-\pw Nn -I\pw Bbncp- p. At±-l-Øns `mcym-krl-amb Acp-a\ AΩ ho n-ep- h ]d- p-ti n-cn- p- -Xv, hnimjw Xncp-\mƒ Nncn- p- Xv kz w `mcy t]mepw I n-cn- bn F m-wv. AXv, At±lw {Iqc-\m-bn-Xp-sIm- -, A ap- J-\m-bXp sim mwv. hnimjw Xncp-\m-fn\v `mcy-sbbpw k m- \-ß-tfbpw hfsc hm -ey-am-bncp- p. alm-cm-pm-hn Kuch kz`m-hsø hnti-jn- n v ]dbp Hcp IY am{x-am-w-xv. Cfb Xºp-cm- - m-cpss sim m-cw, {io ]Zva-\m` kzman t {X-Øns hs- p-h-i-øp ]Zva-hn-emkw tdmun ÿnxn snøp "hss ' sim m-c-am-bncp- p. F.-Un. 1832, Bbneyw Xncp-\mƒ `qpm-x-\m-bn. 1848 D]-\-b\w Ign- v, Xmakw hss sim m-c-øn-em-bn. AXphsc "{io]mzw' sim m-c-øn-embn-cp- p. hnimjw Xncp-\mƒ P\n- -Xv, 1837. 1853 D]\-b\w Ign v At±-lhpw hss sim m-c- Øn Xma-k-am-bn. k Sn. am[h dmhp-hns in Ww Hcpan v Xs \S- p. F m, 1860 D{Xw Xncp-\mƒ am Øm fi h Ω cmpy-`m-c-ta- -t mƒ, Bbneyw Xncp-\m-fns Xmakw alm-cm-pm-hn-s\m w henb sim m-c-øn-em-bn. AtXmsS tpyjvtm-\p-p- m XΩn ImWp- -Xv, Hu]-Nm-cnI kμ `-ßfnembn Npcp-ßn. IpSpw_ kw_- -am-bn- sim- m-c-øn \S- p NS-ßp-I-fnepw {io ]Zva-\m` kzman t {X kw_- -amb NSßp-I-fnepw am{x-am-bn. ]c-kv]- cw- BNmc azym-z-iƒ ]men- p- -sxm-gn- m henb Iq p-sis m pw ]Xn-hn- m-bn-cp- p. CXv, Ah XΩn ]c-kv]cw tzjytam sshcm-kytam sim mbn-cp- p-sh v sx n- -cn- -cp-xv. F.-Un. 1860 apx, Bbneyw Xncp-\mfpw hnimjw Xncp-\mfpw XΩn ImWp- Xp Xs hfsc hnc-f-am-bn-cp- p F p I p Ign- -s m. AXn\p Imc- Ww, Bbneyw Xncp-\mƒ, almcm-pm-hns IqsS henb sim mc-øn Xma-k-am- n-b-xv am{xa-, hnimjw Xncp-\mƒ Hcp KthjW ]Tn-Xm-hm-bn-cp- p. At±lw Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dns hnhn[ `mkß-fn k -cn psim n-cp- p. t\ctø {]kvxm-hn- -Xp-t]m-se, IqsS Nn{X-Im-c- mcpw imkv{x- - mcpw Fgp-Øp-Imcpw Hs ImWpw. Nn{X-Im-c- m-cn {][m\n cma-kzman \mbv Bbn-cp- p. Cu cma-kzman \mbn- -s\- n Infn-am-\q-cn ]e ]cm- Xn-Ifpw ti n- p- v. GtXm Hcp Ime-Øv, ktlm-z-c- m-cpss _ -ßƒ v De- n X n. sim m-c-øn c p {Kq p-iƒ kwpm-x-am-bn. Bbneyw Xncp-\mfns {Kq pw hnimjw Xncp-\mfns {Kq pw. Ch XΩn t\cn v s]cp-am-dpi hfsc Npcp- -am-bn-cp- p. AXn\p Imc-Ww, alm-cm-pm- - m-cpss A{]oXn kºm-zn- psa `bw sim mbn-cp p cma-kzman \mbv cmpm chn-h Ωsb klm-bn- n-cp- n F Xv hmkvxhw Xs. At±l-Øns {Kq n Xs -bp- mbn-cp as mcp Nn{X-sa-gp-Øp-Im- Pqsse 2018 25

-- m{x-kv]μ\w c-\m-bn-cp p cmpm-c-hn-h Ωsb klm-bn- n-cp- -Xv. AXpw hfsc cl-ky-am-bn. cmpm- - m XΩnep kzc-t -bn- mbva AhcpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fnepw ImWpI kzm`m-hn-i-am-w-s m. hnimjw Xncp-\m-fn-s\- p-dn v Infn-am-\q-cn \n pw tiƒ p as mcp Btcm-]-Ww, sim m-c- Øn \n pw tnmdq, IeymWw apx-emb NSßpIƒ v, \ In-h- n-cp ]Ww, hnimjw Xncp-\mƒ sh n- p-d p F m-wv. F m F mwv hmkvxhw? sim mcw Hm^o-kn, sim mc-øn \n pw Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iqdnse cmpipspw-_-ßƒ pw AΩ hosp-iƒ pw Nne {_m W Krl-ßƒ pw {][m- \n-iƒ pw Hs Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_-ß-fn \S- p NSßp-Iƒ v, cmp sim m-c-øn \n pw \ In h n-cp "]Xnhp-I-fpsS' IW- p-iƒ ImWn- p Hcp ]pkvxiw `mky-him e`y-am-wv. Bbneyw Xncp-\mƒ cmpy- `mcw snbvx-xv, sim.-h. 1035 apx, 1055 hsc-bm-wv. Ct mƒ e`y-am-bn-cn- p IW- p-iƒ, 1040 apx-te-bp- p. _m n t]pp- Iƒ \jvs-s p t]mbn-cn- p- p. Infn-am-\q sim m-c-øn-te v \ In-b-Xn-s e`y-amb IW- p- Iƒ ChnsS Ah-X-cn- n- -s. 1040 Nnßw Hcp Ieym-W-Øn\v 3500 ]Ww CShw c v D]-\-b-\-Øn\v 1400 ]Ww 1041 hr niw Hcp Ieym-W-Øn\v 3500 ]Ww 1042 Xpemw Hcp A -{]m-i-\-øn 500 ]Ww tasw Hcp Ieym-W-Øn\v 3500 ]Ww I -SIw Hcp A -{]m-i-\-øn\v 500 ]Ww 1043 Xpemw Hcp A -{]m-i-\-øn\v 500 ]Ww Ipw`w c v D]-\-b-\-Øn\v 1500 ]Ww 1044 I n c v D]-\-b- -\Øn\v 1500 ]Ww aicw Hcp ]pwym-l-øn\v 2800 ]Ww tasw- Hcp D]-\-\-b-Øn\v 15-00 ]Ww 1045 Nnßw Hcp D]-\b\hpw A -{]m-i-\hpw 2000 ]Ww - Xpemw aqø timbn-ø-ºp-cms ]pwym-l-øn\v - 7000 ]Ww [\p Hcp amk-sn-b- n-c-øn\v 1000 ]Ww aicw aqø timbn-ø-ºp-cms ]pwym-l-øn\v - 4000 ]Ww Ipw`w aqø timbn-ø-ºp-cms ]pwym-l-øn\v - 4000 ]Ww- CShw c v Ieym-W-Øn\v 7000 ]Ww 1046 I n Hcp amk-øn\v 5000 ]Ww Sn amk-øn ]Ww simsp-ø-xn\p ]pdsa 2000 ]Ww [\p Hcp amk-øn\v 4000 ]Ww tasw c v A -]m-i-\-øn\v 1000 ]Ww 1047 aicw Hcp Ieym-W-Øn\v 3500 ]Ww ao\w Sn Ieym-W-Øn\p ap simsp-ø-xn\p ]pdsa 1500 ]Ww CShw Hcp D]-\-b-Øn\v 700 ]Ww 1048 I n aqø timbn-ø-ºp-cms jjvsn-]q Øn 700 ]Ww Hcp A -{]m-i-\-øn\p 500 ]Ww CShw Hcp Xºm- n-bpss ]pwym-l-øn\v 1000 ]Ww 1049 hr niw Hcp A -{]m-i-\-øn\v 500 ]Ww 1051 CShw CX-Ωcp timbn-øºpcms jjvsn-]q Øn v 700 ]Ww aicw c v D]-\-b-\-Øn\v 1500 ]Ww an-yp\w `cwo\mƒ acp-a-i-fpss ]pwym-l-øn\v 1000 ]Ww 26 Pqsse 2018

I -SIw Hcp A -{]m-i-\-øn\v 500 ]Ww 1052 aicw Ahn w\mƒ sim p Xºp-cms D]-\b-\-Øn\v 1500 CShw Hcp Xºm- n-bpss amk-øn\v 1000 ]Ww I n-siw tcmln-wn-\mƒ Xºm- n v A -{]miw 500 ]Ww I n-siw tcmln-wn-\mƒ, tnmxn-\mƒ Cu Xº- n-am v Ieym-W-Øn\v 3500 ]Ww 1053 Nnßw Ahn w \mƒ sim p Xºm- n-bpss IeymW-Øn\v 3500 ]Ww aicw tch-xnbpw, aihpw \mƒ Xºm- - m-cpss D]-\-b-\-Øn\v Bbneyw Xncp-\mƒ 1055, CShw 19- mw XobXn \msp-\o-ßn. 1055, CShw 31 mw Xob-Xn, hnimjw Xncp- \mƒ cm-py-`m-c-ta- p. At±-l-Øns Imew {lkz-am-bn-cp- p. 1060, I -SIw 21- mw XobXn At±lw \msp-\o-ßn. Cu A p h j- m-e-øn-\n-s-bn, Infn-am-\q sim m-c-øn-te v \ Inb ]Xn-hp-Iƒ C{]-Im-c-am-Wv. 1055 anyp\w Hcp Xºm- n-bpss ]pwym-l-øn\v 4000 1056 Nnßw Im ØnI \mƒ sim p Xºp-cm A {]mi\w 500 tasw A\ngw \mƒ Xºm- n-bpss am-k-øn\v 4000 1057 Nnßw Hcp sim p Xºp-cm\pw acp-a-iƒ pw A -{]m-i-\-øn\v 500 CShw ]qcw \mƒ sim p Xºp-cms D]-\-b-\-Øn\v 750 1058 ao\w acp-a-i-fpss ]pwym-l-øn\v 1000 acp-a-i-fpss Ip ns A -{]m-i-\-øn\v 500 1059 acp-a-iƒ aiw\mƒ Ip ns A -{]m-i-\-øn\v 500 ]Ww 58- \S A -{]m-i-\-øn\pw Dƒs ss 1000 ]Ww I n `cwo\mƒ aqø timbn-ø-ºp-cms ]pwym-l-øn\v 5000 tasw Infn-am-\q timbn-ø-ºp-cms tpyjvtøn (- -Ip-Spw-_-Øn aq v) bpss ]pwym-l-øn\v 4000 CShw tnmxn\mƒ Xºp-cm- n-bpss acp-a-is A -{]m-i-\-øn\v 500 1060 Nnßw `c-wn-\mƒ timbn-ø-ºp-cms amk-øn\v 4000 Xpemw Infn-am-\q timbn-ø-ºp-cms Xrt \mƒ Cfb DS- n-d- -hƒ Xos p t]mb ASn-b- n-c-øn - 1000 Ipw`w hnimjw\mƒ aqø tpyjvt-øn-bpss amk-øn\v 4000 Xpemw D{XmSw \mƒ Ip n\v A {]mi-\-øn\v 500 Cu IW- p-iƒ ]cn-tim-[n- ptºmƒ ImWp- -Xv, Bbneyw Xncp- \m-fns ImeØv, 1052 m-am v, I -S-I-Øn, tcmln-wn, tnmxn F o c p Xºm- n-am-cpss Ieym- W-Øn, sim m-c-øn \n pw 3500 ]Ww simsp-ø-xm-bn- mwv ImWp- -Xv. Bbneyw Xncp-\m-fns ImesØ IW- p-iƒ ]cn-tim- [n- p-tºmƒ H m-bmepw c- mbmepw ]Xnhv ]W-am- -bn-cp- p. IeymWw A sø me Øv si p IeymWw am{x-am-bn-cp- psh pw Hm t - -Xp- v. hnimjw Xncp-\m-fns Ime-Øv, 1059 I n-bn \S Hcp A- - {]m-i-\-øn\v 500 ]Ww simsp-ø- Xn\p ]pdsa, AXn\p ap ]p \S A {]mi-\-øn, ]Ww simsp- p-hm hn p-t]m-b-xpw IqsS tn Øv, 1000 ]Ww simsp- Ø-Xmbn ImWp- p. AXm-b-Xv, hnimjw Xncp-\m-fn-s\- p-dn v D bn- n-cn- p Btcm-]-W-ßƒ ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-bn-cp- p-sh p Xs ]d-tb- n-bn-cn- p- p. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq cmp-ipspw_w ]e IpSpw-_-ß-sfbpw BZ-cn- ncp- p, klm-bn- n-cp- p. Ncn{X IuXp-I-Øn-\p-th- nbpw IpSpw_ Ncn{X Kth-j-I- mcpss Adn-hn-te- mbpw B IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS t]cp-iƒ IqSn ChnsS \ Ip-I-bm-Wv. "snß' timhn-eiw hi 1. amth-en- c hss sim mcw 2. Pqsse 2018 27

amth-en- c aæq atw sim mcw. 3. FÆ- msv sim mcw 4. {]mbn- c sim m-cw "DZ-b-aw-K-eØp' timhn-eiw hi 5. adn-b- - n sim mcw 6. Bd- pf snº-i-t»cn, apfbv ]pen{] apx-emb sim mc-ßƒ 7. Xncp-h s\sp-{ºøv timbn- 8. sim m-c- c sim m-cw. (C-hnsS hnh- n- p Xv Im Øn-I- -ffn sim mc-amwv. C p Im Øn-I- -ffn sim mcw sim m-c- -c-bn \n pw ZØv h -Xm-Wv.) "Benb-t m p hi' 9. Nß-\m-t»-cn e van-]p-cw, snt{ºm Cu sim mc-ß-ƒ (A-\- -]pcw sim m-c-øns ]Xn-hp-I-fpw, Cu q- -Øn Xs -bmwv \ In-bn-cn- p- -Xv.) 10. Xncp-h ]men-tb- c timbn- 11. ] - Øp sim m-cw. 12. {KmaØn sim m-cw. 13. ""Icn m timhn-eiw hibn '' s\sn-bm simbn-, Imcm, sndp-tim, FÆ- msv hss atw. 14. Infn-am-\q timbn-. 15. ]q m p Xºp-cm. 16. Beßm v Xºp-cm 17. hs- pw-iq, sx pw-iq, aps- m-cn, IS-\m-Sv, It n Cu Xºp-cm- - m. 18. Xc-W\- q \ºq-Xn-cn- msv 19. amº n ] m-c-øn. 20. Zo n-x. 21 I m v t]m n. 22. CS- n kzcq-]w. 23. ] føv henb timbn- -epw sim p timbn- epw 24. Rmh- msv I Øm-hv. "]e-hi' 25. \mk-cp-timhn AΩ hosv. 26. Acpa\ AΩ hosv. 27. hst»cn AΩ hosv. 28. Xncp-h- m v AΩ hosv. 29. Xºnam, X - n-am. 30. DtZym-K-ÿ- m. 31. tbmk-øn t]m n-am. 32. sxt -SØp ` -Xncn cmpm-c-hn-h Ω P -Zn-\m-tLmjw \SØn cmpm-c-hn-h Ω Iƒ -d skmssk- nbpss t\xr-xz-øn Infn-am-\q-cn \S- cmpm-c-hn-h Ω P -Zn-\mtLm-jw a{ n IS-Iw- ] n kptc-{μ DZvLm- S\w snbvxp. B[p-\nI Nn{X-I-ebpsS ]nxmhv cmpm-c-hnh Ω-bm-sW v At± lw ]d- p. cmpm -c-hn-h Ω Ahm Uv hn. kxo-i\p a{ n kωm- \n- p. kwÿm\ tziob Ne- n{x ]pc-kv mcw t\snb kpohv ]mgq-cns\ BZ-cn- p. dm v tpxm- sf A\p-tam- Zn- p. Nn{X-c-N\m a -c-hn-p-bn- Iƒ p kωm\w hnx-cww snbvxp. _n. kxy Fw.-F.F 33. I m- n Kpcp- ƒ 34. Idp-tØ-SØv ]mgq \ºq-Xn-cn- m- Sv. 35. Ipam-c-aw-K-e v \ºq-Xn-cn- msv 36. hb- c aq v 37. Noc- a aq v 38. Xncp-h aqhn-s- Øp-ta-t»cn t]m n 39. h- - -d- ºn hen-b- -Øm 40. h - o aqøxv 41. sh nae ]njm-scmsn 42. Xncp-ap-JØp am Øm-fi-]n- -bpss hi- m 43. Nhdbn ]pfn-aq p hosv 44. h -e-bn henb AIcw 45. ]d-hq tat\m- I-bvaƒ 46. hs-bm- p ]n 47. Iap- Id Ipdp v 48. Ic-WØm Ipdp v 49. ]d-hq Xºp-cm 50. ]menbøv ta\-h. Cu IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS Ncn{Xw ]cn-tim-[n- p-tºmƒ, cmp-ip- A y- X hln- p. Fkv. Pb - {μ, Fw. jmp-lm, efn-x-iem A m-zan snb am t\aw ]pjv]-cm-pv, Pn m ] m-bøv ÿnc-k-anxn A y- _n.-]n. apcfn, aps-hq A\n, Un. kvanx, Fkv.cLp-\m-Y \m-b F nh {]kw-kn- p. Spw_w Cu ]Xn-hp-Iƒ p ]pdsa, [mcmfw `qkz-øp- fpw ASp- Øq-Wmbn ]Whpw, Bhiyw hcp ka-bøv si n-s-ßfpw a pw ]WnXp simsp-ø-xmbn ImWp- p- v. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq {]tz-iøv ap ]n\mse D m-bn-cp- -Xpw, ssakq kp Øm- m-cpss B{I-aW ImeØv Xncp-hn-Xmw- Iqdn A`bw {]m]n- -hbpamb IpSpw-_-ßfnse ]gb Xe-ap-d- m, Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq cmp-ip-spw- _-tømsv IrX- -X-bp- -h-cmbn-cp- Xv, kzm`m-hn-i-am-w-s m. B IpSpw_w X n-cp ASp- Øq ] p- -h C p-ap- -t m. 28 Pqsse 2018

]cn-anxhmh {In ns Xºp-cm cma-`-{z Xºp-cm, Xr q-wn-øpd 1951 C y {In - v Ncn-{X- Ønse Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amb h jw. C y-bn, Hcp-]-t temi-øn Xs, \nb- -{ nx Hmh-dp-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb GI-Zn\ {In v Sq W-sa v XpS-ßp- Xv Cu h j-amwv; AXpw, Aßp Zqsc t_mws_-bn-tem, U lnbn-tem, I - -bntem H p-a-, `mc-x-øns sxt A Øp InS- p tic-f-ønse sim p Xr q-wn-øp-d-bn. Ifn-{`m- - mcmb Ipd p sim p Xºp-cm- - m-cpss "Ifn- q- - mbva' bn ]ndhn-sb-spø Sq W-sa v, C v Gsd {]i-kvxn-bn-te- p-b "]qp {In v Sq W-sa v' Aß s\ ]nd-hn-sb-sp-øp. Cu Ifn- q- F p hnfn- p Xr q-wn-øpd timhn-e-isø (I-t cn amfn-i) tic-f-h Ω tif- Xºp-cm. ]qpm {In - nse BZy ] v t\cn hn v Io Hm -WnwKv _m vkvam\mwv tic-f-h Ω tif- Xºp-cm. Xr q-wn-øpd bnse {In v t{]an-ifpss kz w "Ht m-fn- -dºv' F ]me v Hmh-emWv ]qpm {In ns X -Iw. ""Cw - n Hcp {In v a cw 50 Hmhdm n Npcp n'' F Hcp hm Ø... C y-bnse, AXn-ep-]cn Xr q-wn-øp-d-bnse, ]qpm-{in- - ns Bibw Cu ]{X-hm Ø-bm-sW p thw-sa- n ]d-bmw. 1940Ifn sim n AXve- nivkv At m-kn-tb- Xma-kw, alm-cm-pm-kn ]T-\w, Un.-F- v.-{ku- n Ifn. ]s At m Btdm h jw sim v B Sq W-sa v \ne- p. ImcWw XpS -bmb ka-\n-e-i-fn \n p- mb hnc-k-x... Ifn p ckn p h tif- Xºpcm\pw Iq p-im pw CsXmcp Xncn- Sn Bbn. kz ambn Hcp Sq W-sa v XpS-ßn-bmtem F mbn Btem-N-\. Cw - nse 50 Hmh Sq W-sa ns ]{X-hm Ø {]tnm-z-\-am-bn. Aßns\ tif- Xºp-cms m-bva-bpss t\xmhv a m-cp-am-bncp- n-, C -gn sabv 19- mw XobXn P -i-xm-_vzn-bm-tlmjn F m-hcpw BZ-c-thm-sS, kvt\l-tømss "tif-ωm-a ' js t\xr-xz-øn Fd-Wm- Ipfw U _m lmƒ {Ku n "H C nwkvkv Sq W-sa v' \S- Øn-bn-cp- p. cmp-ip-spw-_mw-kßƒ dkn-u jy ]me- n t\xr-xz-øn ]qpm Ah-[n v Xr q-wn-øp-d-bn ]cn-anx Hmh {In v Sq W-sa n\v XpS w Ipdn- p. ]qpm Ah- [n p XpS-ßn-b-Xp-sIm v Pqsse 2018 29

{_m W {Xn-b D -X-cm-bXv Ime-L- -Øn\p tbmpn- -X- t m a{ hpw ]qpbpw kmøznihrønbpw H p-t]m \Ωƒ shsn p \S- twm? F n-\p-ta-xn\pw Bt -]-hm- n-\m ic-amcn h jn pw cmjv-{so-b-po-hn-iƒ s]cp-h-gn-s - -t]m X p-hm-\m pta ss[cyw hcp-s mcp Ime-am-bvt m-b-t m. kxyhpw \ bpw \oxn-\ym-b-ßfpw \Ωƒ shsn-b-ww, ]qwq If-bWw sh -a-sn- Ww B`m-k-hm-Wn-Iƒ sim p \mw Imew Xpe- p-i-f-bww \sω kh Æ-cmbv ap{z IpØp- -h p n kh Æ-Xz-ap- Xptam Ww. \ºqcn {Xnb_ w ]d- n-sm shºp p hºp h Æ P\-ßfpw \mgni \mep Ign-bp-tºmƒ \ΩpsS h Æ-a-lna theq ]c-ta-iz-c \ºq-Xn-cn, Ip -tº-cq kxy-[ Ωm-Zn-Iƒ ssihn- p-t]m-in kqcy-s\-t mse Pzen p \n o-sp p {_m W {Xnb hwi-]-c-ºc {ioi- -c, sndp-t»-cnbpw ]q m\w C.Fw.-F-kv, hn.- n.bpw A \w ]ns kzmxn, hnim-jw, {ionn-ønc ]ns G Bdpw tic-f-h Ω-bp-ap- t m Ch-cp-sS kwkv mcw ]Ÿm-hn-eq-sSbmw {_m W {Xn-b k -cn q kzm `mcx kwkv mcw kº- -cm- nb hwiamw Rß-sf- -dn- o-sp-i. h -\, h N-Xn-bn- mø Rß sfßs\ ]ns ]cn-lm-ky-cm-ip p Rßƒ p th Xv kxy-[ Ωm-Zn-Iƒ Rßƒ ]qpn- Xv \oxn-\ym-b-ßsf Rßƒ p kºøv BNmc PohnXw ]ns Rßƒ v \yq\-x-sb- nev? "]qpmt\m u v {In - v Sq Wsa v' F p Adn-b-s - p. 1951 Bcw-`n BZy ]qpm-{in- v Sq W-sa n hnp-bn- Xv BXntYb Soamb Xr q-wn-øpd Xs -bmbn-cp p. Xncp- -sim n Soans BZysØ Iym]v -\m-bncp p "tif-ωm-a ' F tif- Xºp-cm. ]n osv Xncp- sim n {In v ns {]kn- U mbpw \nc-h[n h jw {]h Øn- p. tif- Xºpcms \qdmw P -Zn\w AXn-hn- ]p-e-ambn Xr q-wn-øpd {In - v v BtLm-jn p. {In - v pw ticfm {In - v At m- kn-tb-j\pw cmp-ip-spw-_mw-kßfpw kwbp- -am-bmwv B- tlmjw kwl-sn- n- -Xv. tif- Xºp-cms H w Ifn- n- p tic-f-h Ω Xºp-cm (ti-f tn ), si.-si.-b. h Ω, chnb F n-h tn mwv BtLmjw D Lm-S\w snbvx- Xv. ]qpm-{in- - ns ]gb Zriyß-fpsS t^mt m {]Z i\w {In v t{]an-i-fn IuXp-I-ap- W Øn. tif- Xºp-cms kw`m-h-\-isf ap _nknkn sf sk{i- dn Fkv. si. \mb, ap C y Xmcw hn.-hn.-ip-am, ap ticfm crvpn-xm-c-ß-fmb chn-b-, sp.-si. atl-{μ, ]n. _me-n-{μ, si. Pb-dmw XpSßn-b-h A\p-kva-cn- p. ]pxp- Xmbn \n Ωn ]h-en-b\v tif- Xºp-cms t]cp \ In. {ioe- v temi-i v t\sn-s m- SpØ, ticf {In - ns Ct mgsø ]cn-io-e-i-\mb, tuhnuv hm vtam ]h-en-b D LmS\w snbvxp. Izn v a -cw, skan- \m, N -Iƒ XpS-ßn-bh BtLm-j-tØm-S-\p-_- n v \S- Ø-s - p. HutZym-Kn-I-cw-KØv hnpb _m v dopn-b-w amt\-p-cmbn hnc-an tif- Xºp-cms IqsS Ifn ]gb Xe-ap-dbn s - -h v Hm Ω ]pxp- m\pw ]pxnb Xe-ap-d-bnse Ifn- m v, Ah-cpsS ImbnI Pohn-X-Øn Hcp ]pø DW Δpw Du hpw e`n- phm\pw Cu P i-xm_vzn BtLmjw Ah-k-c-sam-cp n F p \n w-ibw ]d-bmw. 30 Pqsse 2018

Ifn-b-c-ßnse A v efn-x-am ssh w DZ-b-h Ω (H pw c pw efn-x-am-sc- n (iq -W-J, lnupw-_n) 2017 e w 2 {]kn- o-i-cn tej-\-øns XpS ) ASp-Ø-Xmbn \Ωƒ Im Wm t]mip- Xv tim -bøp Xºp-cm cnn In Ωoch[w B - -Y-bnse knwln-i-bpss "efnx' thj-am-wv. 3. knwlni (3- mw efn-x) knwln-i-bpss efn-x-thjw D X\ne-hmcw ssih-cn- pi Xs snbv-xn- p- v. Xs ` Øm-hmb im Zqes\ h[n ]m fi-h- m-tcmsv {]Xn-Imcw snøphm In Ωoc ktlm-z-cn-bmb knwlni Xo -s -Sp-Øp- p. ]mfi-h-cp-ss `mcy-bmb ]m m-ensb kzm[o-\n v kzkt -X-Øn-te v sim p-t]mbn ktlm-z-c-\mb In Ωo-c\v Ah sf ImgvN hbv -W-sa- mwv knwln-i-bpss Dt±iyw. {]Xn-Imtc- phmb Ahƒ timafkzcq-]n- Wn-bmbn ]m m-ensb kao-]n v, Xs hmivnmxpcyw sim v Ahsf {]tem-`n- n- p-hm XpSßp- p. CXmWv IYm-`m-Kw. C\n \ap v Ifn ImWmw. ` Øm-hns h[-hr-øm- -a-dn knwlni F cm kn tlmcm n Pzen- p IÆp-Itfm-Spw {Iqc Zwjv{S A -lm-ktømspw IqSn im ±qe h\-øn IqSn k -cn- p ka-b-øv, KwKm-\-Zn- -c-bn H -bv n-cn- p ]m m-ensb ImWp- p. Xs {]Xn-Imcw Xo m CXp Xs ] nb Ah-k-c-sa v Xocpam-\n v knwlni AXn-a-t\m-lcn-bmb "efnx' bmbn ]m m-enbpss kao-]-sø-øp- p. F n v Xs BI j-i-amb hm v NmXpcyw sim v Ahsf {]tem- `n- n- p-hm XpS-ßp- p. ]Zw \ m IpeaWnbpw auen-amte! \ samgn tiƒ \o A -e-i- nxp Acn-In Xs A -Wn-Ip-g-emsf Im I-bm \ns hm eyw sim p ]d-sitsm hgn-t]mse ht Xh Ipe-\m-a-ß-f-ate:'' C{]-Imcw ]m m-en-bpss Ipe-\m-am-Zn-Iƒ Adn-bp- -Xn-\p IuXpIw {]Z in- n- -tijw Ahƒ Xs hnh-c-ßƒ shfn-s - Sp-Øp- p. ]Zw ""KK\Nmcn-Wn-am-cn Hcp-Øn- Rm-s\- p KXn-Pn-X-Ift`! \o [cn- m-epan p KK\ koa\n \ns nl h p KWn-I-sb-s - pss \ma-am-ip- p.'' BIm-i-Øn-eqsS k -cn- p- A]vkc- p-ifn Hcm-fmWv v Xms\ pw. AXn-kp-μ-cn-bmb \o ChnsS H - n-cn- p- -Xp-I v ASpØp h -Xm-sW pw Fs t]cv KWnI F m-sw pw ]d v ]cn-n-b-s - -Xn-\p-ti-jw, ]m m-ensb ASp-Øp h\- `wkn ImWm t]mip- -Xn\v Wn- p-ibpw snøp- p. ]m m-en p KWn-I-tbmSv kvt\ lw txm p-ibpw AhfpsS IqsS h\-`wkn Bkz-Zn- p- - Xn\v t]mhp-ibpw snøp- p. AXy w kulr-z-`m-h-øn ""lkvtx\ lkvx-x-e-am-økpjw'' {Kln v h\-`wkniƒ Hmtcm- mbn ImWn v apt m p \oßp p efnx \S-Øp- - h-\-h Æ\ lrzblmcn Xs -bm-wv. ]Zw I m-e-xn-tam-z-ap- mbv hcpw hn]n\anxp I mtbm ] -hmw-kp-en`nc-`n-\-bn- p- p.'' h nim \Sn-I-tfm-sSm w knw lni \S-Øp \ Ø-\hpw A`n- \-bhpw ]m m-ensb hfsc BI jn- p- p. Nne Zp»-Ip-\-ßƒ I v Ah sf ]n p-s-cm ]m men asn- p p. At mƒ, Xm\p-t±-in Imcyw \S- n- m-sb- p-d- m-bt mƒ "efnx' Ip]n-X-bm-Ip- p. ]Zw ""s] ßp Kan- m\pw ]p\-cn-jvs-tcm-ssmøp can- m\pw ]p\-scm- p-a-b- n-sptam Rm\pw'' F p K n p-sim v `oic-amb Xs cm -kocq]w Ah sf ImWn- p- p. ]Zw ""I m-e-xn-tlm-c-amipw ico-c-anxp I mtbm'' F -e-dn-sim v ]m m-en sb _em m-c-ambn ]nsn- p- Pqsse 2018 31

sim- p-t]m-ip-hm cm kn Hcp-ßp- p. ]m m-en-bpss \ne-hnfn ti v kl-tz-h Ahn-sS-sb-Øp-I-bpw ]m m-ensb cm -kn-bpss Iøn \n pw tamnn- n- p-ibpw snøp- p. DS Xs kl-tz-h-s\- FSp-Øp-sIm v t]mip-hm knwlni {ian- p- p. kl-tzh hmfp sim v knwln-i-bpss IpN-\m-knI {I \w snøp- p. Aøtøm hnfn-i-tfmss Ahƒ HmSn-t m-ip- p. 4. \{I-Xpfin (4- mw efn-x) Im ØnI Xncp-\mƒ alm-cm- Pm-hns \c-im-kp-c-h-[w B - - Y-bn "tlmc-zwjv{stbmspw -`oam-imcbpambn {]Xy- -s -Sp Zm\-hn-bmWv \{I-Xp-fin. {]mkv tpymxnj]pcsø cmpmhpw `qantzhnbpss ]p{x-\p-amb \c- Im-kp-cs B m-\p-h Øn-\nbmWv \{I-Xp-fin. Ahƒ Xs kz -amb cm -ko-cq]w ad v kpcxcp-wn-t]mse tzl-im n kzoi-cn v AXn-a-t\m-l-cn-bmb efn-x-bmbn C{μ-]p-cn-bn k cn- p-tºmƒ, C{μ-]p-{X\pw AXntIm-a-f-\p-amb Pb- s\ ImWp- p. Ima-]m-c-h-iyw]q Ahƒ Xs Ima-]q-c-W-Øn-\mbn Pb- s\ kao-]n- p- p. \{I-Xp-fin-bpsS ]Zw ""hr{x sshcn-\-μ-\m-tiƒ hn{ipx ]cm-{ia \o k{xmi\ Ipe-atW kmtam-zw ta hmnw A{X \ns Im I-bmte B\μw ta hf-cp p ` Ør `mky-an p aa h -txhw sszhm '' ]cm-{iaimenbpw timaf Itf-_-c\pw Bb A tbm C{μ ]p{xm Asßs `mcybmbn kzoi-cn- -W-sa- v, Bh-iy-s - Sp- p-. A s A\p-hmZw IqSm sx Rm hnhmlw Ign- p-i-bns v Pb- ]d-bp- p. apkv m- ]mw-k-kvan-xm-zn-i-fmepw a[p-c-h-n- \-ß-fmepw Ahƒ Pb- s\ hio-i-cn- m ho pw ho pw {ian- p- p. ""F{Xbpw I Æ ItTmcw A{X \n samgn-i-sf mw Nn{X-sat ]dbmhq Ip{Xm]n \o t]mi'' F{Xbpw I ÆItTm-c-amb \ns hm p-iƒ F\n p tiƒ -, \o Fhn-tS-bvs - nepw t]mip- -XmWv \ Xv F p ]dbp- p. F nepw Ima-]m-c-h-iyam Ahƒ Pb- s\ Benw- K\w snøm apxn-cp- p. Abmƒ hg-ßp- n-. Xs CwKnXw km[n- p-i-bn- F p-d- m-bt mƒ \{I-Xp-fin v \ncm-ibpw tim]hpw h n- p- p. ambmtam-ln-\n-bmb cm kn Xs kz -cq]w ssis m- p- p. \{I-Xpfin ]Zw ""\ns sim p t]mh-xn-\mbv h Xpw Rm\n p [\ym \ns ]ncn- p-s t]mi-bn Im I'' F p ]d- v _em-ev m-cambn Pb- s\ ]nsn- p-hm {ian- p- p. \{I-Xp-finbpw Pb- -\p-ambn G p-ap- p- p. HSp-hn Pb- hmfp sim v \{I- XpfinbpsS IpN-\m-km-{I \w snøp- p. Aøtøm hnfnitfm ss c hpw Hen- n \{I-Xpfin HmSn-t m-ip- p. ]qx\ (5- mw efn-x) AizXn Xncp-\mƒ alm-cm- Pmhv cnn ]qx-\m-tam w B - -Y-bnse Zm\-hnbmb IYm- ]m-{x-amwv ]qx-\. Iwks \ntbm-k-øm sim p-ip- mb IrjvWs\ h[n- p- -Xn\p th- n \μ-tkm-]-cpss Bÿm-\- amb Aºm-Sn-bn FØn-t XmWv ]qx\ F cm -kn. Xs kzcq-]-øn sn m Bfp-Iƒ t]sn-t mspw. AXp-sIm- v. ""I IÆn-Iƒ auen-cxv\ Ien-Im-cq]w [cn- m-z-cm s]m n ame-b-wn p ]qx\ XZm aμw \S- o-sn-\mƒ ]ns s -hƒ tkmipte Ipfn ap-e- p- n\p aotx Nncw an pw N{μn-I-t]mse aμ-lknxw XqIn- -d- o-sn-\mƒ'' amb sim v Xs cm -kcq]w am n kpμ-cn-am-cn kpμ-cnbm-bn v hiy-amb ]p ncn XqInsIm- mwv ]qx\ Bºm-Sn-bn {]th-in- p- -Xv. Bºm-Sn-bn {]th-in- p-tºmƒ Xs Ahn- SpsØ ImgvNIƒ Ahsf A p- X-]-c-X-{ -bm- p- p. AºmSn KpWw h Æn o-sp-hm hº-\ ^Wn cmp\pw...... aμ-sa- ntb IS- o-sp-t Achnμ \b\ \nl t]m hmgp- p.'' \ Ø-In-I-fmb tkm]-kv{xo- I-fpsS Ifn-Nm-Xp-cnbpw kao-]- Øp tkmh -\-Kn-cn-bn \røw hbv p abn-ep-i-fpss kuμ-cyhpw Np p-ap- `h-\-ßfn \n pw ssxcp IS-s -Sp- p ]pxp-sh-æ-bpss kuc- `yhpw tn Bºm-Sn-bpsS KpWw hnh-cn- m k -t{i-jvt- \mb A\- \pt]mepw km[n- p-i-bn F v Bfl-KXw sn bvxp-sim v IrjvW InS- p \μ-tk-l-øn-te v Ahƒ {]th-in- p- p. ""kpip-amc \μ-ip-amc hcni Acn- In \o tamzm 32 Pqsse 2018

] h arzp-e-amipw ]mzw ]mwnsims SpØp sa th apj-ø-w- p-aμw ]p ncn XqIp p Ahƒ \μ-tkm-]-cpss awna-μn-c-øn IS psn v sxm nen InS- p Ip ns\ Im Wp p. Ac-hnμ \b-\-\mb IrjvWs\ I v- Ahƒ hnhn[ hnim-c-ßƒ v hnt[-b-bmbnøocp p. amxr-k-l-p-amb hm eyw Ah-fn DS-se-Sp- p- p. Ip ns\ Iøn-se-Sp-Øv Xmtem-en pw Ifn- n pw Ahƒ ]ehn-[-øn emfn- p.- Xm F n- \mwv Ahn-sS-sbØnbsX Imcyhpw Ahƒ ad- p-t]m-bn. ]qx-\-bpss ]Zw ss]xse\n\ p ]mcw ss]zm-l-ap-s - m-intem {]oxn-tbm-ss ape-isf XmX ]m\w snbvxm-epw.'' F p ]d v ]qx\ Ir jvws\ Iøn FSp- p- p. Ip ns apj-tø p t\m ptºmƒ amxr-k-l-p-amb hm eyw hf-cp- p. C X\n o Ip ns\ sim m km[n- p- I-bn- F p hnnm-cn v Xnscy t]mim XpS-ßp- p. ]s, AtX kabw Iwks D{K-imk\ Ah-fpsS I Ø-hy-t_m-[- sø-bpw cm -ko-b-amb {Iqc-Xtbbpw X n-bp-w Øp- p. HSphn B \njvtqc I Ωw \n Δln- m Xs Xo -s -SpØn. IrjvWs\ Iøn-se-SpØv hnjw ]pc- nb Xs ape-iƒ IpSn- n- p- p. {ioir-jvw ape- m-tem- Sp-IqSn Ah-fpsS Pohs\ hens -Sp- p- p. inip-hns\ amdn \n pw ]nsn- p-am- m \S-Ønb {iaw hn^-e-am-ip- p. `bw, kwi-bw, kw{`-aw F o hnim-cßƒ Ahsf ac-w-øn-te p \bn- p- p. tamln-\o-cq-]w amdn. Zwjv{S-Iƒ hncn v tlmc-cq-]- Øn ]pd-tim v acn- p-ho-gp- p. ]qx\ efnx Hgn v a v 4 efn-x-amcpw kz A`n-em-j-km- y-xbv p tamln-\n-thjw [cn- -h-cm-wv. AºmSn KpWw h Æn- p-sim- mwv ]qx\m tam - Ønse efn-x-bpss cwk-{]-th-iw hocw, A p-xw, cu{zw, `bw, IcpWw F o ck-ßƒ kμ t`m-nn-x-am-bn -A-h-X-cn n p- - Xn ]qx\ efnxhnp-bn- n- p- v. BZy-h-km\ mc-\mb Hcp A\p-{K-loX \S\p am{xsa ]qx\ efnx \njv{]bmkw Acß-Ø-h-X-cn- n- p-hm km[n- p- I-bp- p. Ifn-b-c-ßnse "efnx' thjß-fpss t{iwn-bn {]Y-aÿm\w ]qx\m tam -Ønse efn-x-bv m-sw- -Xn ] m- -c-ap- m-ip-sa v txm p- n-. \Ωƒ Ifn-b-c-ßn I v Bkz-Zn-, IY-I-fn-bnse AXyp- e IYm-]m-{X-ß-fmb A p efn-x-am-tcbpw Ah-X-cn- n v P\- e- -ß-fpsS AXn-{]-iwk t\snbxv \ΩpsS {Xnb cmpm- - m-cmb sim m-c- c Xºp-cm, tim -bøp Xºpcm, Im ØnI Xncp-\mƒ almcm-pmhv, AizXn Xncp-\mƒ almcm-pm-hv F n-h-cm-sw- Xv {Xn-b-cmb \ap-s - m-h pw A`n-am-\n- m-hp- -Xm-Wv. IY-I-fn-bnse thj-ßtfbpw AXns Na-b-ß-tfbpw ] n a\- n-em- m ASpØ XhW \ap v AWn-b-d-bnte v'' Hs -Øn-t\m- mw. ]cky-\n-c- p-iƒ Back Cover (full Colour) - ` 3000/- One Year ( 4 Issues) - `10,000/- Front Inner & Back Inner Full Page Colour - ` 2000/- Front Inner & Back Inner Half Page Colour - ` 1250/- Matrimonial - ` 500/- Inner B/W Full - ` 1000/- Half Page B/W - ` 700/- XncpØv Ign e -Øn 41- mw t]pnse "hnhml awk-fmiwkifn ' Ihn-Wn-t»cn timhn-e-iøv {ioip-am h ΩbpsS "aiƒ' F v tn Øn-cp- Xv "ai ' F p XncpØn hmbn- p-i. sx v ] n-b-xn tjzn- p p. ]{Xm-[n-] Pqsse 2018 33

- m{x-kv]μ\w amth-en- c imc-zm-a-μncw sim m-c-øn kmhn{xn AΩ Xºp-cm-t bpw Infn-am-\q sim m-c-øn tum. tkmz-h Ωbp-sSbpw ai-\mbn 1925 G{]n 18 \v BWv cho{μh Ω P\n- - Xv. tic-f-]m-wn\n F.-B. cmpcmp h Ω-bpsS sim p-a-i-\m-bncp- p. Xncp-h-\- -]p-cøv B Svkv timtf-pnepw a{zmkv {InkvXy timtf-pn-ep-am-bn-cp p hnzym-`ymkw. ka -\mb hnzym n. ]t, timtfpv hnzym-`ymkw ]q Øn-bm- p- -Xn\p apºp Xs 17 m-asø hb- n almflpn Blzm\w snbvx "Izn v C Uym' aqhvsa n `mk-`m- mbn. Xma-kn-bmsX At±lw Ad- Ãn-embn Pbn-en-e-S-bv -s - p. Pbn tamnn-x-\m-b-ti-jhpw At±lw kzpo-hnxw C Uy kzmx-{ y-k-a-c-øn-\p-th n Dgn- p-h- p. C m-eøv hnzym n- I-tfbpw sndp- - m-tcbpw C Uy \mj-w tim {Kn kwl-sn- n- p- -Xn At±lw {i snep-øn. anihp kwlm-s-i-\m-b-xn-\m ]e DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ßfpw At±-l- Øn \n n-]vx-am-bn. Aßs\ At±lw ]e Xpd-I-fnepw {]h Øn- p. 1945-46 - Executive Committe Member, World University Service 1946-49-President, All India Students Congress 1949-51-National Secretary, Indian Youth Congress 1958-62-International President, World Assembly of Youth (Way) 34 Pqsse 2018 {Xnb {]Xn-`mim-en-Iƒ Pn. cho-{μ-h Ω C m-eøv At±lw Gjy, bqtdm- v, B{^n-, em n Atacn-, t\m Øv Ata-cn XpSßnb cmpy-ßfn temi bph- P-\-ßsf H n p sim p-h-cp- - Xn\v Atlm-cm{Xw {]h Øn- p. Fw.-]n. Bbn At±lw aq p {]mhiyw Xnc-s -Sp- -s - p. 1962 67 Fw.]n. (Xn-cp-h- ) 1977 79 Fw.-]n. (dm- n) 1979 84 Fw.]n. (apwss_) Fw.-]n. Bbn-cns At±lw ]e IΩ- n-i-fnepw kpoh km n- y-am-bn-cp- p. External Affairs Ministry, Defence Ministry, Privileges Committee, Rules Commitee F nh Ah-bn Ipd p am{xw. 1979 At±lw Indian National Labour Organization s P\o-h-bn \S ao nw- Kns {]kn-u m-bn-cp- p. Cμn-cm-Km n -{]Jym-]n- - "ASn-b- n-cm-hÿ' tbmsv A\p- `m-h-an- m-ø-xn-\mepw AXns\- Xnsc {]h Øn- -Xn-\mepw At±lw AdÃp snø-s v 1976 s^{_p-hcn apx 1977 s^{_p- hcn hsc apwss_-bnse "[ms\' (Thane) Pbn-en-e-S-bv -s - p. Pbn hntam-nn-x-\m-b-tijw 77 apx 79 hsc samdm Pn tzim-bn-bpss a{ n-k-`-bn bqwn-b Im_n-\ v an\n-kv (te-_ B Uv ]m e-sa dn A^-tbgvkv) Bbn {]h Øn- p. Km n-b am -ß-fn IqSn am{xw Ncn- n-cp Hcp hy n-bmbn-cp p cho-{μ-h Ω. AXp-sIm- p-xs ]mh-s - -h-cpss sxmgn taj-e-bp-ambn \ _ -ap- m-bn-cp- p. DZm. All India Spinners Assocation, All India Village Industries' Association XpS-ßn-b-h. alm-fl-pn-bpss ac-w-øn-\ptijw At±-lhpw At±-l- Øns D kplrøp fpw tn v hm bn Km n hnnm ]cn-jøv ÿm]n- p. sndp- - m-cp-ss-bn-s-bn Km nb BZ i-ß-sf- n Aht_m[w D m- p-i-bmbncp p e yw. C v AXv cmpym- c {]i-kvxn-bp Hcp ÿm]-\-amb-xn\v ]n n cho-{μ-h Ω-bpsS ITn-\m- zm-\-amwv Imc-W-sa v \n w-ibw ]d-bmw. Cu ÿm]- \-Øns XpS w apx (1987) c m-bncmam v sabv amkw hsc CXns snb am-\mbn XpS p. 1989 apx Xs At±lw Km n-b BZ i-ßƒ {]N-cn- n- p ÿm]-\-amb Gandhi Peace Foundation t bpw snb am ÿm\w hln- p-h- p. Km n-b kv Un Iymºp-Iƒ tijw t]pv 59

P km-^eyw (Fw. c-hn-hà-½-cm-p-bpss HmÀ-½- p-dn- p-iä) BKÌv 22 \v Xn-cp-h-\- -]pc v {]-Imi-\w sn- -s -Sp- p. {]-km-[-ià : ]qà- ]_v-fn-tj-gvkv Xn-cp-h-\- -]p-cw tim-gn-t m-sv IÂ ä 0471þ2452166 0495þ2721025 0493þ6203842 t]-pv : 216 hn-e: cq-].250 tim- n-iä B-h-iy-ap-ÅhÀ ]qà- ]_v-fn-tj-gvkn-sâ im-j-i-fpamtbm t\-cn-t«m (sam: 9446178983) _-Ô-s SpI

B-Im-iv hà-½ Im\-dm _m- v A-bn-cq]m-d im-j- ko-\n-bà am-t\-pà BÀ.Fw. Zn-eo-]v Ip-am-dn-sâbpw I-h-Sn-bmÀ ss{i-ìv \-KÀ kv-iqä A-²ym]n-I cm-jn hà-½-bp-ss-bpw (sf-izcy, CGRA-136, ssnx-\y KmÀ-U³-kv, än.si.zn-hm-i-c³ tdmuv, ap-«-s ]n.h., Xn-cp-h-\- -]pcw) a-i³ Xp-jmÀ hà-½bp-ssbpw ti-c-f sk-{i-t«-dn-b-äv skivj³ Hm-^o-kÀ ]-tc-x\m-b {]-Im-in-sâbpw sk-{i-t«-dn-b-äv D-tZym-K-Ø {]o-xm-hà-½-bp-ss-bpw (ta-\mwhnf tim-hn-eiw, tii-htz-hv tdmuv, ap-s-h³-apiä, Xn-cp-h-\- -]pcw) a-i³ B-Im-iv hà-½- bp-ssbpw D-]\-b-\ IÀ-½w 20.5.2018 Rm-b-dmgv-N cm-hn-se Xn-cp-h-\- -]p-cw ]-ß-XoÀ-Y- c-bn-ep-å A-\- -]p-cn A-t\ym-\y- nâ h- v k-awk-fw \-S p. {]-kvxp-x aw-k-f-ià-½- n-\v Xn-cp-h-\- -]p-cw -{Xn-b t a-k-` t\-xrxzw \ÂIn. Xp-jmÀ hà-½- P\mÀ-±-\³ P-b- n Nm-t m- n-s- nâ, h-s-t -atw, sim- msv, a- qà, I- qàþ670501 25þmw hn-hm-l-hm-à-jn-iw 2018 G-{]nÂ 26þmw Xob-Xn Ip-Spw-_mw-K- -tfm-ssm- w k-awk-fw B-tLm-jn p. B-iwk-I-tfm-sS tpym-xn-jv h-s-t -atw (ai³)

sndp-iy ""FSm \ΩsS sim w- tdm Uv hoxn Iq W ]Wn Ign BgvN sxmsßotszm. \ hoxn-bnem ]WnbWXv.'' \m n-te v BgvN txmdp-ap t^m hnfn-bn AΩ BZyw Xs ]d hnti-jw. Ipsd Ime-ambn {]Xo- n- -Xm-sW- nepw Ft m B hm Ø Fs h msx Akz-ÿ-\m- n. s]s v a\- n-te-t msn h Xpw ap- -s - apjw Xs -bm-bncp- p. Np n- p-fn apjhpw {]Imiw snmcn-bp \c B IÆp-fpw. AΩ ]ns bpw Fs m-s tbm ]d-bp- p- v. Ipcp-ap-fIv ]dn- p- -Xn-s\- p-dn pw A s bm{x-i-sf- p-dn- pw... Aß s\ ]expw. ]t H pw a\- n-te v Atßm v Ib-dp- n-. ""AtΩ, Btcm hmxn-en ap p- p- t m! Rm ]ns hnfn- mw.'' \n tzm-j-amb \pw-iƒ ]cn- `-h-ß-sfm-gn-hm- m klm-bn- pat m! Xev mew Rm t^m Xmsg-h- p. Ip n- mew sxmt ap s\ Adn-bmw. A s ssibn Xqßn t]ßm- ncn Aßm-Sn-bn apl-ωzv Ip n-bpss ]osn-i-bn t]mip-tºmgpw Xe-apSn sh m {io[-cs _m _ tjm n t]mip-tºm-gpw Hs ap s\ ImWm-dp- m-bn-cp- p. Nne-t msgms ap s `mcy Imfn-sbbpw. ap s\ am{x-a-, I p-sh- p- Im-c Nman, \mcm-b-w Ip n amjv, ssk nƒ dn -b sn øp \mcm-b-w, ao Im-c B amhv {io {]kmzv, hs-s - m v Ben (cm-hnse am{xw) Aßs\ ]ecpw. B ]e-cn Hcmƒ am{xam-bn-cp p ap -\pw. apl-ω-zvip- n-bpss ]e-n-c- p- I-S, {io[-cs _m _ jm v, Fgp-Ø- -s -td-j ]osn-i, Ipam-c sshzy-cpss Bbp tδz acp- p-i-s, tdmun-te v Ib-dp Ib- -Øn \mcm-b-ws hosnt\msp tn ssk nƒ, dnt dnwkv ÿew. ]ns Dßn tnm n ao Ip bp-ambn Ccn- p Ben-bpw. C{X-bp-amWv Fs Hm Ω-Isf ]c-am-h[n ]n n-te v \o n-bm A sø t]ßm- ncn Aßm-Sn. Hm^o-kp- Ifmbn t]mãv Hm^okpw ] mbøv Hm^okpw At D m-bncp- p. Fs Ip n- m-eøp Xs -bmwv kl-i-c-w-_m- n s Hcp si n-s-hpw t]ßm- n-cnbn hcp- -Xv. Smdn hgn-bmbn ] m-ºn-bn \n pw sn p-f-t»- cn-bn-te- p Htc Hcp tdm UmWv Rß-fpsS \m n-e- p- mbn-cp- -Xv. N - pc `mk-øp- \n pw XpSßn Ipep- - q sd bn ]mx hsc t]mip Hcp \m p-hgn D m-bn-cp- p. B \m phgn Xncn-bp- nsw Cw ojv A c-amb Y- p kam-\-ambncp- p. ]S p ] -en p \n n-cp Hcp Dßp-acw hgnsb ]nf m-s\- t]mse AhnsS \n n-cp- p. B \m p-h-gn-bmwv ]n osv sim w tdmumbn amdn-b-xv. Cu hgnbpss Hmc-ØmWv RßfpsS \m nse GI sxmgn ÿm]\- am-bn-cp Cu -an D m-bn-cp- -Xv. sndp-xmbn B[p-\n-Ih -cww \SØn AXv C pw Ahn-sS-Ø-s -bp- v. apl-ω-zp-ip- n-tbmsv a -cn- m Ip w-ipfwimcs ]e- N-c p ISbpw sambnzo Ip- nbpss t_ -dn-bp-sams hcp- Xv Rm A mw m ntem Bdmw m ntem ]Tn- p-tºmgm-wv. ""Fs m-s bm ap m hntij-ßƒ?'' ap s\ hgn-bn I m A -\Xp tnmzn- m-sxbn-cp Hcp Znhkw t]mepw F\n-t m Ω-bn-. ""RΩ pw ho ntew s\c- Øntew Ip n-tbmƒ pw \ Xs amtj'' ap s ]Xnhv adp-]sn. IqsS Imfn IqsS Ds - n Ah-cpsS hi apdp- p-id ]nsn ] p-im n \s mcp Nncn-bpw. BZy-sam pw ap s adp-]sn apgp-h-\mbpw F\n v a\- n-embn-cp- n-. ""Cu \nc-ønse Ip n-iƒ Bcm-W m?'' ""FSm ap \nc-sø p ]d-bp- Xv Cu AßmSnsbbm- Wv. Chn-sS- m-wp `qcn-`mkw ac-ßfpw ap sh v ]nsn- n- -Xm-Wv. CsX mw kz w a fm-sw m Abm-fpsS ]d- n.'' F n pw F\n-s m pw a\- n- em-bn-. ho n-seøn AΩ-tbmSv tnmzn p ""ap -s\-ß-s\-bmwv hgn-bnse ac-ßsfms a -fm- Ip- Xv?'' ""B ap \v {]m m-sw-sm.- A-bmfpw `mcy Imfnbpw thsd ]Wn-bn- m-ø-t m-sgms tdmup-h- -Øv t]mbn acw \Sepw sh -sam-gn- -ep-sam-s bmwv. Cß\ow Hmtcm {]m - mcv mtδm?'' Pqsse 2018 39

A Xp icn-bm-sw v F\n pw txm n. ho ns ]d-ºnepw sxmsn-bn-ep-sams CjvSwt]mse ac-ß-fp- t m? Cbm-sf- n\m hgn-bn-sems acw h v sh w \\ v t\cw If-b-WXv? icn pw {]m p Xs. 1993- BWv Rm tpmen In n apwss_ \lm-\-k-c-ønte v h n Ib- -dp- -Xv. As - \n v {]mbw Ccp-]-Xn-t\m-S-Sp- mdm-bn-cp- p. sjmd-wq dbn th tãj-\n-te v h n Ib-dm-\mbn t]mip-tºmgpw t]ßm- ncn Aßm-Sn-bn ap s\ I Xmbn sndnb Hm Ω-bp- v. c mbn-cm-am- n-\p-ti-j-amwv Ipep- - qcn sdbn-ens\ apdn- p-sim v Hcp tdmup hcp- Xpw sim w tdmuns \ndw Idp- m-ip- -Xpw. apfbw Imhnse Imf the- p Imf-t m-e-ßƒ Bfp-IfpsS txmfn \n n-dßn tdmuneqss Dcpfm XpS-ßnb ]ptcm- K-a\w CXn-s ]cn-wx ^e-ambn-cp- p. Bbn-S- mwv ] m-b-ønse ]ptcm-k-a-\-hm-zn-iƒ Hcp tjm nwkv timwπivkv ]Wn-bm- \p Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-Ø-Xv. ] nb ÿew ] mºn tdmun\pw sim w tdmun\pw CS- p ÿew Xs -bm-sw v ]d-tb- -Xn- t m! BsI XS- -am-bn- p- m-bn-cp Xv \nc-ønse ap s Ipd p a ƒ am{x-ambn-cp- p. ""As ac-ß-sf-s m v txm qtem ap m. GXm-bmepw Cu -an sxm -Sp-Øp-Xs D Xv Imcym-bn.'' {]kn-u ns hm p-iƒ ] m-b-øns XnÆbn Ip n- n-cp- p-sim v \n hn- Im-c-\mbn ap ti p. acßƒ p ap n Øs sh n- o-dm-\p kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ D Xv Imcy-am-bn. ]ns Ipd p \mfp-iƒ nss t]ßm- ncn Aßm-Sn-bn Xe s]mßn-bxv ]pxn hnt Pv B okv si n-s-am-wv. tjm nwkv timwsπ-ivkn-t\msv tn p Ipd p XW IqSn A{]-Xy- am-bn. ap - -t mgpw \n hn-imc-\mbn a ƒ v sh w timcn. IqsS Imfn-bpw. sim -Øn H pc p Xh- W-bp \m n t]m n CsXm pw Fs Imcy-ambn _m[n- -tx-bn-. As - n-se v _m[n- m? \m n t]mbmep Hm -Øn-\n-S-bn Aßm-Snbnse am -ß-sf mw \ap v kzm`m-hn-i-am-bxp Xs As! Bbn-S-bv mwv ] m-f-øn t]mb caws t^m hn-fnbn Hcp hntijw hcp Xv! ""DtÆy- m, Adnt m \ΩsS ap Bfv {]i-kvx-\mbn t m!'' ""AsX m cawm ap ] pw {]i-kvx-\-s? sndnb s\m ns {]i-kvxn-bt?'' ""A DtÆy- m, ap s t^mt mbpw hm Ø-bp-sams t] -dn h p. AXpw lnμphnepw C y FIvkv{]- n-epsams!'' ""s]ms sn m, h - m-cpss hm Ø simsp- m Ah pw h mtbm?'' ""AX-, ap s acw \Sepw sh w \\- -ep-sams henb Imcy-am-bn- m-wv- Ah dnt m v snbvxn-cn- p- -Xv. Rm\-Xns en v Csa-bn snbvxp Xcmw-. H v hmbn p t\m q. ap s\ ac-ap- F mwv Ct mƒ F m-hcpw hnfn- p- -Xt{X!'' ca-ws sabnepw B hm Ø-Ifpw hmbn- -Xn-\ptijw, Ft m Hcp Ip -t_m[w Fs th -bm-sm XpS-ßn. I ap-ºnse B sndnb a\pjy-\p- nse henb al-xzsø Ft ImWmsX t]mbxv? ]n o-smwv ap s {]i-kvxnbpss Imc-W- mc _m nse _m_p-th- -\m-sw v Bimcn tkm]n ]d- -dn-bp- -Xv. Fs - mƒ Btdm Gtgm hbt _m_p-th- \v IqSp-X-ep- p. kl-i-cw _m nse tpmen- mc-\m-wv. ap -\m-sw- n _m nse cm{xn Imh m-c-\pw. H mw m n Hcp Znhkw am{xw ]Tn ap s\ hm vam F v hnfn m hnj-aam-b-xn- \m _m nse Imh m-c F p-x-s -bmwv F m-hcpw ]d- n-cp- -Xv. ap pw txmfnse txm Øpw A p I tsm pamwv cm{xn-bnse HutZym-KnI thjw! XmgvØn-bn j -dn\p ap ]n ]mb-bn v InS- pw. AXpXs Imh. ap s ac-t{]-ahpw sh w \\bpw I v _m_p-th- aq tcmsv Hcp Znhkw tnmzn p "ap m ß v Cu ]Wn-s ms Bsc- nepw iº-fm-bn v h Xpw XcvWv t m?'' ""l l CXv RΩ-sf Bcpw G n ]Wy Ipt y. Hs Hcp kt m-j-xvøn\v snø-w- Xt!'' ""AsX m ap m, Zn {X kt m-jn- m?'' ""Ipt y B ac-øns tamƒ te v H v t\mtiy! F{X Infn- Ifm? Ah- ss B kt mjw H ImWv. ]s ms Xe- p-a- Sp-ambn hcw Bƒ mcv Rm \ Cu Dßns XW-enev Ccn- m-dp- v. th\- m-eøv ta p- \-S- W BSp-I-fpw- ss] fpw Cu ac-ßƒss XW-en howp- In-S- W Fs - nepw Fe Hs Xn v Cßs\ sis- mdp v. Ah- ss samjøv ImW W B kpjw Xs t G hpw htey kt m-jw. _m_p- Cs m w H v hm.'' ap _m_p-th- -s\bpw sim v hnt - 40 Pqsse 2018

Pm- o-kns ]n n-te v \oßn. ""Ipt y Zv It m! Cu Bev Rm IeymWw Ibn sim w \ Xm øv AXns tamfnte v H v t\m v. As ms Ieym Ww Ccp-]Xv hb- n\pw ap ]m \S- m. Cs m \m p-im-cpss IW- p-t]mse BsW- n C v sxmæqdv Ibn- p.'' Be-ßns\ hf v hnt -Pm- o-kn\v IpS ]nsn t]mse \n p-i-bm-wv. ""_m_q m Cu Beos ASp-Øp-\n- W B amhv I t m? AZv s Imfn aptøm mbn v Hcv sim w Ibn- n v \ -Xm-Wv. ß -dntbm Hcv Bepw amhpw IqSn-bm-ev B amhv BWv. t w Imfnt w B amhmwv B \n -W-Xv.'' am v amk-øns XpS- - Øn Ce-Isf ad v ]q ƒ am{xw \nd p \n p B amhn Np-h- n ap s \c IÆp-Iƒ api-fn-te v t\m n \nd- p-\n- p. B Ben-e-I-fm- Is Nm p sncn v ap s\ hoin-bm-dn- p. ÿesø Adn-b-s -Sp kl-im-cn-bmwv _m_p-th-. Xqsh JZ j pw ap pw. txmfn-semcp Cuscg txm Øpw ÿncw thjw. _m n-embmepw ]pd-øm-sw- nepw Aßs\ Xs. C±-l-Øns t]\bpw \m pw Xs -bm-wv R-ß-fpsS \m n ]p-d-øn-\p-a- pd-tø v ac-ap- s\ hcys AkvXn-Xz-sØ- p-dn- p hm Ø-I-sf-Øn- -Xpw. C m-e-øn-\n-s-bn-em-wv ca- Ws Hcp Cu sabnepw AXnsemcp bp Syq_v en pw F\n v hcp- Xv, \ΩpsS kndmppw Iq p- Imcpw ap -s\- A-`n-\-bn- n- p- Ibpw snbvxp F ASn- p-dnt mss! ap -s\- p-dn- p B at\m-lc elp-nn-{xw -{]-Ir-Xn-bpam-bp a\p-jys IqSn-t -c- Izn v ens A\n-hm-cy-Xsb ASn-h-cbn p ]d-bp H m-sw v I t mƒ txm n. B bpsyq_v en v a p- -h v Ab- psim Sp ptºmƒ ap s \m p-im-c-\mwv Rm F Hcp A`n-am-\hpw (AtXm Al- m-c-tam) D n txm n-bn-cp- p. ap -\n- n-. A m-dpsim w ap t] Xs a sf \nc-øn hn v ac-ap- api-fnte v bm{x-bm-bn. AXn\pw ap t] ap -t\msp tnmzn- m-sx- Xs ]e a -sfbpw ]ecpw P\epw hmxnepw hnd-ip-ambn am n-bn-cp- p. sim w tdmunse Dßn Nph- n Hcp Hmt m Ãm Uv ÿew ]nsn- n-cp- p. ao Im-c Bensb AhnsS ImWm-\p- m-bn-cp- n-. ] mbøv si nb IS-ap-dn-Iƒs m- n Rm Adn-bmØ Hcmƒ ao I -hsw XpS-ßn-bn-cp- p. {io[-cs _m _ tjm n\p ]Icw GtXm Hcp bph-tim-afs Fb I n-j snbvx slb {UknwKv sk t]ßm- n-cn-bn {]h Ø\w XpS-ßn-bncp- p. At mgpw hnt -Pm- o-kn- \-cn-in Cu -an- ns\ t\m ns m v ap s A amhpw AXnse Infn-Ifpw Xmsg XWepw D m-bn-cp- p. AΩ-bpsS tdmup-]wn hntijw t^m h n v c paq p amkw Ign- n-cp- p. C esø hnfn-bn B Imcyw ho pw h p. ""FSm sim w tdmuns hoxn Iq W ]Wn-sbms Ign- p.'' ""As m AtΩ \ΩsS ap s Bepw amhp-sams?'' Hcm- -temss Rm tnmzn- p. ""F mw sh n Cu -an- n-em- n-sb-sm. F m tdmuns hoxn! SmdnMv ]Wn DSs\ XpSßpw. Cu tdmuv tã v sslth B m t]mhm m ti -WXv'' AΩ v \ kt mjw! ap s A amhpw Dßp- Ifpw XW hncn- m-ø, IdpØp \o sim w tdmuv B ao\- q-sn Fs s\spho p-i-fn Np p-]-gpøp InS- p. v 1. a\pjyico-c-øn C kp-en Dev]m-Zn- n- p {KŸn 2. _ln-cm-im-iøp t]mbn Xncn-s -Ønb ]q -bpss t]cv 3. ]fl{io _lp-axn t\snb BZn-hmkn h\nx 4. 2017 se hb-em Ahm Un\v A l-\mbxmcv? 5. "a\-km-kva-cman' F {KŸw BcpsS Bfl-IY 6. C Uy B an No^v Bcv? 7. IoS-\m-in\nIfpsS AanX D]tbmKw hcp-øp `hn-jy- Øp-I-sf- nbp ]pkvx-i-am-wv 'The silent spring.' CXv cnn- -Xmcv? 8. 2018 se ]cn-ÿnxn Zn\-Øns "Xow' F m-bn-cp- p? 9. hmbp-hn HmIvkn-Ps Afhv F{X ix-am\w? 10. \mc-ß-bn AS-ßn-bn-cn- p BknUv GXv? 11. FIFA bpss ]q Æ cq]w 12. ti{μ kmlnxy A m-u-an-bpss Ct m-g-sø {]knu DØcw t]pv 51 Pqsse 2018 41

BwKe`mjsb kvt\ln Xºp-cm n hs-s ae-_m-dns hs s A Øv BwKe kmln- XysØ {]W-bn Hcp Xºp-cm- n, \mev]-øn-b p h jßƒ p apºv Cw o-jn Fw.- F. _ncp-z-sa-sp-øn pw ho -Ωbmbn Ign-bpI, CsXm-s -bmwv Fs \oteizcw sxs timhn-e-iøv `mko-cyn Xºp-cm- n-bpss ap n-se-øn- -Xv. timhne-i-øns Kcn-asbm Nn -h- ßsfm H p-an- mø Dbcw Ipd Hcp Iri-Km-{Xn. XnI pw km[m-cw mcn. Np -\-ßp- -Xn \n v kwkm-cn- p-i-bmsw v Duln-bv mw. Fs G s t]cp-]-d v kzbw ]cn- N-b- -Sp-Øn-b-t mƒ lrz-bw Xpd Nncn-tbmsS FXntc- p. \mep ]Xn- m- p-iƒ p apºv Fw.-F. Cw ojv ]m m-bn- pw, tpmen v t]mim-xn-cp- -bmƒ \yqp-\-td-j\v hnkva-b-am-bn-cn- pw. timhn-eiw hi kviqƒ D m-bn-cp- n- p-t]mepw Hcp So t]mep-am-bn-. _m v, k m ÿm]-\-ßƒ apx-em-b-h-bn F{Xtbm km y-x-i-fp- m-bn-cp- n pw {ian- n-. t]mbn-. Bcpw \n _- n- n-. t]mim-ø-xn ] m-øm-]-hp-an-. ]ns C{X-hsc ]Tn- txm F tnmzy-øn\v "BwK-e-tØm- Sp CjvSw' F m-bn-cp p adp- ]Sn. Cw ojv ]Tn- n A ym-]- Icpw hmb-\m-io-e-hp-am-bn-cn mw AXn\v Imc-W-sa v ]d v Ah ]Xps Fs B ]gb Ime-tØ v Iq n-s m- p-t]mbn. 1.1.1951 emwv P\-\w. A \ote-izcw I msv Ing- n- Øv hnjvwp ]t cn. XnI Km nb. A sø lnμn {]ho _ncp-z-[m-cn. JmZn-bpsS A\\y tum. aoc, Fw. IÆq `. Ipd- p-\mƒ ]fl-\m` kzman t {X-Øn A u v kv sk \n tpmen snbvxncp At±lw XnI Dev]-XnjvWp-hm-bn-cp- p. AΩ DØa Xºp-cm n kaq-l-ønse am - ßƒ Dƒs m- p- -Xnepw kv{xo hnzym-`ym-k-ønepw XXv]- c-bm-bn-cp- p. \ote-izcw timhn-e-iøv AwK-ßƒ \s Ipd-hm-bn-cp- p. {]txy-in pw s] Ip- n-iƒ. A v sxs timhn-e-iøv 3 AΩq-Ω-am-cpw, `mko-c-yn-bpss AΩbpw Ah-cpsS 3 s] a- fpw am{x-amwv kv{xop-\-ßfmbn D m-bn-cp- -Xv. Hcp ktlm- Z-c Ggmw hb- n acn- p. Hcp Ip n v Hcp Bb F IW- n a p tpmen-iƒ pw [mcm fw ]Wn- m. cmhnse ]mn-i- m-c I n, ]pgp v apx-emb A sø \m p-\-s- -\p-k-cn- p ` -W-ap- m- pw. s] Ip- n- Isf Bbam henb Xºpcms timhn-e-i-tø p sim p-t]m-ipw. Ah p-am{xw hen-b-ωms hi ]m, Nmb, tzmi, CÕen apx-emb A sø BUw-_c hn`-h-ßƒ henb-ωm-h IqsS-bn-cpØn hm - ey-tømss Du pw. At±-l-Øn\v k m-\-ß-fn- m-bn-cp- p. acp-a- fn s] Ip- n-i-tfmsv At±-l- Øn\v {]txyi hm -ey-am-bn-cp- p. Xd-hm-Sns \ne-\n v Ahcn-eq-sS-bm-W-s m. hen-b-ωm-as kvt\l-hm- -ey-øns a[pchpw \ms `- -W-Øns cpnnbpw C pw a\- nepw \mhnepw D v. `mko-c-yn v 7Dw A\n-b-Ønam v 5 Dw 3 Dw hb- -p -t m gmbn-cp p timhn-e-i-øns F p-si- ns \Sp-ap- Øv AhcpsS si p-i-eym-ww. Nnd-bv timhn-e-isø hb- mb Xºpcm-\mWv Xmen si p-i. s\ n- w si nb B\ Xºp-cms\ kzoicn- pw. Xmen-sI- n-\p-tijw Ggp- Zn-hkw \ms-s v kzy. Xmen-sI v IeymWw Ign- -Xn-\m ]ns Ieym-W-Øn\v Xmen-bn-. Hcp kz Æ-am-e-bn-Spw. tamxncw amdpw. ]psh Xcpw. Kw`o-c-k-Zy. AXn-\- pdw B `m-s-sam kz Æ {]Z i-\tam A n-. F{X D h-cm-sw- n-epw. ]Ømw m p hsc timhneiw hi cmpmkv sslkviqfn ]Tn- p. A v Imk timuv Kh sa v timtfpv XpS-ßnbns D q. {]oun-{kn v ]Tn- - W-sa- p- v. Zqsc Ab-bv m AΩq-Ωbv v kω-x-an-. A ym- ]-I-\mbncp AΩm-a\pw ]ptcm- K-a-\-hm-Zn-bmb A \pw ]n Xp- W- -t mƒ AΩqΩ Ab- p. ]n m-eøv simfo-pn-tb v Ub-d-IvS-dmbn dn -b snbvx hn. tkm]m-e \mb-cm-bn-cp p {]n kn- epw `mko-c-yn-bpss tem Km Un-b\pw. At±-l- 42 Pqsse 2018

Øns Xma-k-ÿ-e-Øn-\-cnsI Hcp sndnb hosv. AhnsS `mkoc-yn-b-s w 3,4 Ip n-iƒ. A v tlmã-en- m-bn-cp- p. AΩqΩ t]c- n-sm-hn\v ` -W-ap- m- m Hcp C -Ø-Ω-sbbpw Iq n\v Ah-cpsS ai-sfbpw G msv snbvxn-cp- p. B kxo y _m n Db DtZym-K-ÿ-bmbn dn -b snbvxp. Cw ojv CjvS-hn-j-bambn cp -Xp-sIm v Db am p- m-bn pw kb kv {Kq n\v ]Icw tx Uv {Kqs - SpØp. ]ns Ahn-sS-Øs _n.-f. Cw o-jn\v tn p. {^o ]oco-b-up-i-fn hcm-dp tkm]m-e \m-b kmdns m p-i-fpw, At±-l-Øns ]nxr-xp-ey-amb kvt\lhpw C pw BZ-c-thmsS Ah-tcm Ωn- p- p. A pw hnzym n cmjv{so-bap- v. kviqfn ka-c-ap- m-bn-cps - nepw Imk tkmuv timtf- Pn kacw Ipd-hm-bn-cp- p. Zmh- Wnbpw ]mhm-s-bp-amwv ^mj. Hgnhpka-bØv [mcmfw Cw ojv ]pkvx-i-ßƒ hmbn- p-am-bn-cp- p. Fw. F. Ign-t Ieym-Wap- p. ]s tpmen p t]mim XmXv]-cy-an-, F v c n-xm- -tfmsv BZyta ]d- ncp- p. Xriq hnaem timtf-pn \n mwv Fw.-F. ]m m-bxv. sπbn kmcn, IΩ, hm v Chbm-bn-cp p thjw. amk-øn-semcn- hm U-s\m- n v kn\nabpw tjm nw-kpw. ]qcw, shsns v F mw tlmã-ens ssdn \n v am{xw. tic-f-øns hss A -Øp-\n v Xriq-cn-se- Ønb Xºp-cm nbpss \K-c-PohnXw C{X-am-{Xw. c p-h jw Ign v Nndbv timhn-e-isø kp[o h Ω-bp-ambp hnhmlw \S- p. At±-l-Øn\v kz w πm kv niv Iº-\n-bm-bn-cp- p. ` Ør- Kr-l-Øn Ah Ggv a -fm-bncp- p. G hpw Cfb Ip nbv v 5 hb v am{xw. \nd IpSpw-_w. Hcp]mSv tpmen- m-cpw tzl-fi- m-cpw. kvt\l-k-º- -amb A -co- w. ]ns Cc- - p- n-ifmb {]nb Zb-am-cpsS AΩ-bpsS tdmfn. 2 Ip n-isf h v aiƒ _p n-ap- F v IcpXn {]nbsb AΩqΩ \ote-iz-ctø v sim p-t]m-bn. Zb aq mw - m- p-hsc Nnd-bv kviqfn ]Tn- p. hb- m-bt mƒ `mko-c-yn-bpss AΩ t]c- n-sm-ßƒ H w thw-sa v imtyw ]nsn Xp ImcWw Ah \oteizc-tø v Xmakw am n. ` Øm-hv, kp[o h Ω-bpsS hntbmkw s]s - m-bn-cp- p. 1957 \ote-izcw timhn-e- IsØ `mkw Ign- n-cp- p. hmcw, ]m w apx-em-b-h-bp- -XpsIm- v Po-hnXw kp`n- -am-bn-cp- p. Imcy-ÿ-cmWv F mw t\m n \S-Øn-bn-cp- -Xv. Ipcp-apf-Iv, s\ v, Gew apx-em-bh awkem-]p-cøv sim p-t]mbn hn n-cp- p. s] a- ƒ tpmen p t]mbn-s - nepw ]W-Øn\v Bscbpw B{i-bn-bv -cp-sx A s Zo L-ho- Ww amen- Jm In p- n-s - nepw kz w REACT s [\-k-lmbw Imen \n m Xs {]m]vx-bm n F v Xºp-cm- n. a -fn {]nb cmpmkv kviqfn So. Zb U ln-bn ho -Ω. AΩ tpmen p t]mim-ø-xns sa w Rßƒ p- mbn F v aiƒ. ka- -{]m-b- m- 18Dw 20 Dw hb- n hnhm-ln-x-cm-bt mƒ "IeymWw Ct mƒ ths - n th ]s ]Tn- Ww' F v AΩ ]d- Xv AtΩsS hnzym-`ym-k-øns Zo L-ho- Ww. apø- hm -ey-\n-[n-bm-bn-cp- p. AΩq Ω sim n- p-am-bn-cp-s - nepw in n- p-am-bn-cp- p. Fw.- F. mcn-bm-bn pw tpmen v t]mim-ø-sx-s v F m-hcpw tnmzn- pw. Fs apjøpw AtX tnmzyw I n- mimw Xºpcm- n-bpss apjøv At mgpw AtX \\pø ]p ncn Xs. Rßƒ v Krl-]mTw ]d- p-x- Xpw Rßsf t\ hgn \S-Øn- Xpw AΩ Xs -bm-wv. am{xa AΩ C pw k -cn- p Hcp \nlfip Xs -bmwv Rßƒ v. So -dmb aiƒ km y-s -Sp-Øp- p. t]c- n- Smhv BZn-Xy AXv icn h p. REACTs [\-k-lm-b-amb 5,000/- cq]bpss sn v {ioaxn e vanbv v (t]m timf-\n, ]msq, ]me- msv) snb t]-gvk tum. Fw. efnxmw_ni ssiam-dp- p. Pqsse 2018 43

]c-{_- -kz-cq-]-\mb inh -`-K-hm injvsm-\p-{k-l-øn\pw ZpjvS-\n-{K-l-Øn\pw th n kmim-c-ønepw \ncm-im-c-ønepw Ah-Xm-c-ßƒ kzoi-cn- n- p- v. Ah-bn NneXv Awim-h-Xm-cßfpw a p Nneh ]q Æm-h-Xm-cßfpw BWv. hymk-hn-c-nn-x-amb {ioazv inh-a-lm-]p-cm-w-ønse "ix-cp-{z-kw-lnx'bn `K-hms kmim-cm-h-xm-c-ßƒ hni-z-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn- n-cn- p- p. Ah-bpsS Hcp kw{klw NphsS tn p- p. krjvsn-i Øm-hmb {_ - tzh\v {]Pm-h -\hv D m- m Ign-bmsX h -t mƒ i n-kta-x-\mb inh-`-k-hms\ X] p snbvxp. {]k- -\mb alm-tzh tzhn-tbmsv tn v {]Xy- s cq]-amwv A -\m-co-iz-c. Cu Ah-Xm-c-Øn-eqsS ]c-ta-izc {_ m-hn\v \mco-ip-esø krjvsn- p-hm-\p A\p-{Klw \ Ip-Ibpw Aßs\ "krjvsnan-yp-\pmw Ipcp' F Ai-co-cnhm v km -am- p-ibpw sn bvxp. Zpcm-flm-hmb Zptcym-[-\s B m-\p-h Øn-bmbn F Ønb ambm-hnbpw kqi-c-cq-]n bpw Bb aqim-kp-cs\ \n{k-ln- p-hm\pw {]nb-`- -\mb A p-\s\ Znhym-kv{X-ßƒ \ In A\p-{K-ln- p-hm\pw th n inh- `-K-hm kzoi-cn Ah-Xm-c-amWv Incm-X-aq Øn. Incm-X-cq-]-Øn- {]Xy- -s v A p\\v ]mip- ]-Xmkv{Xw {]Zm\w snøp-ibpw hnp-bm-iw-k-iƒ \ Ip-Ibpw snbvx Incm-X-cq-]n-bmb `K-hm ` -h- -e-\m-wv. inh-k-w-ß-fn {]ap-j\pw inh-hm-l-\hpw Bb "\μn' inhs Awim-h-Xmc-am-Wv. {]kinhm-h-xm-c-ßƒ cm[m-awn Xºp-cm n, Fd-Wm-Ipfw hn- -s -Sm-Ø-h\pw ac-w-an- m-øh\pw Bb Hcp ]p{xs\ e`n- phm Bbncw h jw X]- -\pjvtn inem-z-a-l jn-bpss ap n inh-`-k-hm {]Xy- -s - Sp-Ibpw Xm Xs ]p{x-\mbn P\n- m-sa v A\p-{K-ln- p- Ibpw snbvxp. al jn bmk-øn- \p-th n \new Dgp-X-t mƒ txpkznbpw inh-cq-]nbpw Bb Hcp _me {]Xy- -s -Sp-Ibpw B{i-a-Øn-te v {]th-in- t mƒ a\p-jy-cq]w ssis m- p-ibpw snbvxp. Atbm-\n-P-\mbn P\n Xs Ah-Xm-c-Øn\v AIm-e-a-c- W-Øn \n v c \ Ip-Ibpw arxyp kao-]n- p-i-bn-s v A\p- {K-ln- p-ibpw snbvxp. am{x-a-, \μo-iz-cs\ k Xkl-Nmcn-bm- p-ibpw snbvxp. Ahy-bhpw GIhpw Bb XØzw GXm-sW- n-bmsx ambmtam-ln-x-cmb {_ mhpw hnjvwphpw hmkzmzw \S-Øn. At mƒ icocw kzoi-cn \mep thz-ßfpw ]c-a-amb XØzw ]cta-iz-c-\m-sw v ]d- p. ambmh-e-b-øn-e-i-s c p tzh- m pw CXv kzoim-cy-am-bn-. At mƒ Ccp-h-cp-tSbpw a y-ønembn ssibn {Xniq-ehpw s\ nbn IÆpw \mkm-`-c-w-ßfpw D inh-`-k-hm {]Xy- -s - p. {_ mhv `K-hms\ ]cn-l-kn- p. {Ip -\mb inhs t{im[-øn \n pw Hcp ]pcp-j Bhn `-hn- p. B Ah-Xm-c-amWv ss`c-h. Z -bm-k-øn kxo-tzhn A]-am-\n- -s -Sp-Ibpw tzlw XyPn- p-ibpw snbvx-t mƒ tim]n-jvt-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c bmkw \in- n- p- -Xn\v Hcp aq Ønsb krjvsn- p. PS ]dns -SpØv ] Δ-X-Øns api-fn ASn- -t mƒ Hcp cq]w D m-bn. B Ah-Xm-c-amWv hoc-`-{zm-h- Xmcw. cp{z-kw-ln-x-bnse kxo- J-fi-Øn-emWv Cu Ah-Xm-ch Æ\ D -Xv. "lnc-wy-i-in]p' F Akpcs\ \n{k-ln- m\pw ` -\mb {]Àm-Zs\ A\p-{K-ln- p-hm\pw th n Ah-X-cn- \c-knw-laq Øn-bmb hnjvwp-tz-hs\ im -\m- m alm-tz-h kzo I-cn Ah-Xm-c-amWv ic-`m-h- Xm-cw. (i-c`w Hcp k -ev]-po-hnbm-wv. ark-ønt bpw ] n-bptsbpw h -Øn CXns\ Dƒ s -Sp-Ømw. knwlsø sim m Ign-hp- ic-`øn\v PS, N{μ- -e, Nnd-Iv, sim v, henb Zwjv{S, h{p-xp-ey-amb \Jw F nh D v.) kie Poh-Pm-e-ß-fp-tSbpw D n sshizm-\-c-\mbn Blmc-]-Zm -ßsf Zln- n- p Xv alm-tz-h BWv. CXn-\p-th n `K-hm hnizm-\-c-]p-{x-\mb Krl- ]-Xn-bmbn Ah-Xmcw kzoi-cn- p. inh-tx-p v D Hcp ]p{x-\p- m-ip-hm th n Imin-bnse hntiiz-c-enw-ksø hnizm-\-c Bcm-[n- -Xns ^e-ambn `Khm _me-i- -c-cq-]-øn {]Xy- -s - p. ` s B{Klw km [n- p-sim-sp- m-sa v hmkvzm\w snbvxp. bym-imew hnizm-\-ct bpw ipnn-jva-xn-bp-ssbpw ]p{x-\mbn P\n- p. ]e A\p-{Kl-ßfpw \ In. G hpw {][m- \-am-bxv A n-bpss ]Zhn \ In A\p-{K-ln- -Xm-Wv. ""Alw sshizm-\-tcm-`qxzm'' F v `K-h-ZvKo-X-bn ]d-bp 44 Pqsse 2018

sshiz-m\-c hnizm-\c ]p{x- \mb alm-tz-h-\m-wv. ]mem-gn-a-y-\-im-eøv hnjvwptz-hs A\p-{K-l-Øm AarXv ]m\w snøp-hm\pw hnpbw ssih-cn- p-hm\pw km[n tzh- m Xß-fpsS Ign-hm-sW v Al- -cn- -t mƒ AXv ian- n- phm th n alm-tz-h kzoicn Ah-Xm-c-amWv bt -iz-cmh-xmcw. Hcp XrWw t]mepw A\- p-hm Ign-bmsX h -t mƒ Ah v sx v a\- n-em-bn. ` -\mb Z[oNn al jn-bptsbpw kph -bp-tsbpw ]p{x- \mbn inh-`-k-hm kzoi-cn Ah-Xm-c-amWv ]n -em-zm-h-xm-cw. tzh- m v h{pmÿn sim p Bbp[w D m- m ]Xn kzi-cocw XyPn p F -dn- -t mƒ ZpxJn-Xbpw K `n- Wnbpw Bb ap\n ]Xv\n ]Xntem-I-Øn-te v t]mim th n DZcw Iodn-b-t mƒ Znhy tzl-tømsp IqSn ap\n-]p-{x P\n- p. At±lw amxmhv \n t±in- -X-\p-k-cn v ]n -e-øns (B ) ASpØv hkn- p-ibpw Aßs\ ]n -em-z F \maw kn n- p-ibpw snbvxp. {iocm-a-zm-k-\mb l\p-am, atl-iz-cs Awim-h-Xm-c-am-Wv. [ Ω-c- m w Ah-X-cn Zp Δm-km-hv, t{zmw-]p-{x-\mb Aiz- m-amhv F n-hcpw `Khms Awim-h-Xm-c-ß-fm-Wv. ]mxm-f-øn-e-i-s - p-t]mb hnjvwp-tz-hs\ Xncn- p-sim- ph-cp-hm kzoi-cn Ah-Xm-camWv hrtj-iz-cm-h-xm-cw. inh-`- -bmb "alm-\μ-'bpss ` n ]co- n- p-hm\pw A\p-{K-ln- phm\pw th n `K-hm sshiy- \mymh-xmcw kzoi-cn- p. `{Zmbp v F ` s at\m-`mhw ]co- n- p-hm th n inh- ]m Δ-Xn-am {_m -W-Z-º-Xn-IfpsS cq]w kzoi-cn- p. AXmWv ZzntP-iz-cm-h-Xmcw. m{x-kv]μ\w Im mf Zº-Xn-am-cpsS ` ntbbpw [ Ω-tØbpw ]co- n- p-hm bxn (k-\ym-kn)-bpss cq]-ønepw Ah-cpsS ASpØ P -Øn ]c-kv]cw _ n- n- p-hm th n lwk-øns cq]-ønepw `K-hm {]Xy- -s - p. bxn-\my lwkm-lz-bm-h- Xmcw F v AX-dn-b-s -Sp- p. ]q Δ-P- -Øn Im mf Zº-Xn-amcm-bn-cp- Ah ]n osv \f- Z-a-b- n-am-cm-bn- A-dn-b-s - p. At mƒ Ahsc tbmpn- n- phm Hcp lwkw ZqX-\mbn FØnb IY kp{]-kn- -am-ws m. Cu lwkw ]c-ta-iz-cs Ah-Xm-c-am-Wv. Kpcp-Ipe hnzym-`ym-k-øn-\pt]mb \`-K\v (Aw-_-co- s ]nxm-a-l ) ktlm-z-c- m kºøv \ In-bn-. hnzym-`ymkm-\- cw Xncn-s -Ønb At± lw ]nxm-hns \n t±-im-\p-kcww Hcp k{x-øn ]s -Sp- Øp. AhnsS thz-a-{ -ß-ƒ P]n- -t mƒ e`n Z nw At±lw kzoi-cn- -t mƒ "IrjvW-Z i- \ ' F \ma-t[-b-tøm-sp-iqsn `K-hm Ah-X-cn- p. b m-hinjvsw X\n- p- -Xm-sW v `Khm ]d- -t mƒ \`K\v kz w sx v a\- n-em-bn. alm-tzh m\n-bm-im A\p-{K-ln- p-ibpw Ejn-am bmkm-h-in-jvsambn \ Inb [\w \ Ip-Ibpw snbvxp. tzth-{μs Al- mcw ian- n- p-hm th n kzoi-cn Ah-Xm-c-amWv Ah-[q-tX-iz-cm-h- Xm-cw. Hcp hn{]-\m-cn-bpss ap n {]Xy- -s Ah-Xm-c-amWv `n p-h-cym-lz-in-hm-h-xmcw. hym{l]mz- a-l jn-bpss ]p{x- \mb D]-a-\yp-hns apºn {]Xy- -s Ah-Xm-c-amWv kptc-iz-cm-lz-in-hm-h-xm-cw. X]- -\p-jvtn- p ]m Δ-Xnsb ]co- n- p-hm th n ]c-am-flmhmb ]c-ta-iz-c {_ -Nm-cnbpsS cq]-øn Ah-X-cn- p. lna-hms cmp-[m-\n-bn \ Ø- I-cq-]-Øn ]m Δ-Xnsb `n bmbn Bh-iy-s Ah-Xm-c-amWv kp\ Ømlzinhm-h-Xm-cw. lnahms inh-`- n-bpss Bgw Ipdbv p-hm th n kzbw \nμ \S- Øp-hm ZznPs cq]w kzoi-cn- -Xv km[p-zznp inhm-h-xmcw F -dn-b- -Sp- p. alm-im-f, Xmc, _mem-lz, {iohntzyi, ss`c-h, On -a-kvx-i, [qa-hm, _K-fm-ap-J, amxw- K, Ia-e F o ]Ø-h-Xm-cßƒ `K-hm kzoi-cn- -t mƒ BZn-]-cm-i- nbpw Cu t]cp-ifn-se mw Xs Adn-b-s - p. alm-im-fn, Xmc, _mem-lz, {iohn-zy, ss`c-hn, On -a-kvx-i, [qam-h-xn, _K-fm-ap-Jn, amxw-kn, Iae F nhbmbn-cp- p ]cm-i- nbpss \ma-ßƒ. ]p{x- m-cmb tzh- m-sc a p ]p{x- mcmb Akp-c- m ]oun- n- p- -Xn ZpxJn-X-\mb Iiy-]-a-l jn inh- `-K-hms\ Bcm-[n- p. ZpxJ-Øn\v ]cn-lmcw D m- m-sa v ]d ]c-ta-iz-c kpc`n F Ima-t[- \p-hn ]Xn-s\m v DS-tem-Sp-IqSn Ah-X-cn- n- p. inh-kz-cq-]-am-bn- p alm-cp-{z F pw tzh- msc ]cn-]m-en- p- p. `K-hms ] {_ m-h-xm-cßƒ hfsc {]m[m\yw A ln- p- p. XXv]p-cp-j, AtLmc, Cuim-\, hma-tz-h, ktzym-pm-x F n-h-bmwv B A v Ah-Xm-c-ßƒ. k Δ- -cyman-bmb PKXv {]`p-hns tbmkoiz-cm-h-xm-c-ßƒ {]kn- -ß-fm-Wv. `K-hm tbmko-iz-c-\mbn Ah-Xcn- p-tºmƒ At±-l-Øn-s\ klm-bn- m-\mbn hymk- mcpw Ah-X-cn- m-dp- v. Ccp-]-Ønsb mw bpk-øn `K-hm hkptz-h-]p-{x-\mb {ioir-jvw-\mbn Ah-X-cn- -t mƒ ]cm-i-c-kp-x- \mb IrjvW-ssZz-]m-b-\ Bbncp p hymk. Pqsse 2018 45

h o-i-aw-kfw Hcp ^vfmjv _m v Fs Ip n- m-eøv Xd-hm- Smb ]men-tb- c sim m-c- Ønse \S- p-c-bpss Ing- p-`m-k- Øp NnØnc cmp-{]-xn-a-bpss ap ]n \n v F m Ip n-ifpw IqSn h o-i-aw-kfw ]msp-am-bn-cp- p. k ybv v \maw snm p- - Xn\v ap ]m-bn-cp p Cu ]Xn-hv. Iuamc{]mb- m-cmb B Ip n- Ifpw s] Ip- n-i-fp-am-wv ]msnbn-cp- -Xv. Rßƒ, sndnb Ip n- Iƒ, ssiiq n \nev pi am{x ta snbvxn-cp- p- p. henb Ip n- q- -Øns Ifn-I-fp-sSbpw IpkrXnI-fp-tSbpw ImgvN- m-cmbn-cp p Rßƒ. kzmx-{ ym-\- cw Xncp-hn- Xmw-Iq C y bqwn-b-\n ebn- -t mƒ kviqfp-i-f-s w at\m-ca h Ω, ]q p- w, Xr-»q F m-bn-s-øpw Cu Km\m-em-]\w Ah-km-\n- p. ]Icw "P\-K-W a\'\n _- -am n. "h o-i -aw-kfw' ti n- n- m-ø-h p-th n Xmsg simsp- p- p. h o-`q-an-]tx Nncw k nxm`w Pbnt Ww tzh-tzh `hm-s\ pw tzl-kujyw hf tøww tzln-iƒ X a\w Xh tzl-ambn `hn-t Ww sflni c m w Xh tzl-kpjw hf tøww Xz -cn-x-sa pw `qsau hn{ip-x-ambv hnf-tßww ame-i n Nncw {]Pm ]me\w snbvx-cp-tfww a Øy-a-\-taXpw `h ]Ø-\-ambv `hn-t -Ww Xmh-Iamw Ipew ta ta {ioh-f p- -kn-bvt Ww (h n-`q-ao-]tx Nncw...) cnn- Xv: D q Fkv. ]c-ta-iz-c-ø 1937 Xs 16- mw hb- n Iaem IrjvW-aq Øn ]msnb h o-i-aw-kfw Xncp-h-\- -]pcw tdun-tbm-tã-j-\n sdt m Uv snø-s - n-cp- p. Znh-khpw cm{xn-bn {]t -]Ww snøp-ambn-cp- p. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq C y bqwn-b-\n tn -t mƒ B {]t -]Ww Ah-km-\n- n- p. ae-bm-f-øn Hcp \hm-kx kwhn-[m-b-i Nß\mt»cn e van]pcwsim mcønse AwKamb AtPmbvh Ω kwhn[m\w snøp "\ocmfn' F BIvj {Xn taml em Nn{Xw Pqsse 13\v Xotb dpifn FØn. Nß\mt»cn e van]pcw sim mc AwKw cawn h ΩbpsSbpw ] føv hss apdn ]pø sim mc Øn ticfh ΩbpsSbpw ]p{x\mwv. P\n Xpw hf Xpw t_mws_bnemwv. F n\obdnßv _ncpzsasp ØXn\ptijw ^nenw FUn nwkn XpS w Ipdn p. \nch[n ]ckynn{xßfpw ^o Nn{Xßfpw FUn p snbvxp. BZyw kwhn[m\w snbvx lnμnnn{xw "B.sI.' CXphsc dneokv snbvxn n. 2010 dneokmb, timaun {Umam ^nenw "ZkvtXme' bmwv c masø Nn{Xw. at\mpv _mpvs]bv apjythjøn seønb "ZkvtXme', kxy A n msv clp\myv ]tecn Nn{Xamb "s]m ap bnsp Xmdmhn' s dota mwv. aebmføn BZyambn snøp Nn{XamWv \ocmfn. A\LbmWv AtPmbvbpsS]Xv\n. ai KpcpZØv. 46 Pqsse 2018

cmp-knwlw Fw. Fw.-F. Icn-sh- q tlmc-h-\m- -c-ßƒ Ime-Sn-t m- n-em n hoc-\mbv hnl-cn pw Rm\m\p cmp-knwlw hnæn-t\m-ts- p-ap pw ae-x Xmgv-h-c-bn h Æ-]p-jv]-ßƒ Nn n nx-dp-am-c-wy-øn, CSn-an- -ep-isf XI sø-dn tim, hsn-shm-sømcp ]pcm X\amw snº tim tim X p- n Ime sa{xtbm apºp-xo Ø sim mcw ac-x-i m n\p sxm p ImWmw [\ybmw amxm-hp v tkmz-co-tkm-zccpw hμy-cm-am-nm-cy- m N{I-h Øn Rm Xm\pw. apºn Rm, a{ n-amcpw ]cn-hm-chpw IqsS aebpw ImSpw taspw IS p Ib-dp- p. apºn s] p t]msb- m em\bpw Xe-XmgvØpw akvxiw XI ØXn c w Rm ]m\w snøpw Aßp Ing phm\n se pss apj-a o s]mßn-h-cp p snº Ip n-tcm-a-hp-ambn snº Xma-c- q- ƒ snº-\n-\o q-hp-iƒ snº-c-øn- q-hp-iƒ I Xp-d-s -gp-t p an emw Nnd-Ip-Iƒ hncp-øn- -d- p hnæn-se ]qºm- sb aænepsaøn p Rm ]qsºmsn hmcn-øqhn ]qt \pi p-sim p ]q -fn ibn- p s]m ]qºm Iƒ \nßƒ \mep Zn p-i-sfbpw Xtem-Sn- n-s- p- p t\m n-bm IsÆ-ØmØ snº ]p ssaxm-\-ßƒ knwl-ti-kcw t]mse Xnf-ßpao ssaxm\w knwl tikcw t]mse hn e ssaxm-\hpw sxfn-\o Ø-Sm-I-ßƒ kv^sn-i-sa- t]mse Hfn-an- nspw icxv mew h -W- -t m. ama-e-isf snº tal-ßƒ ]pw-cp p Xqa-tbmepw XocsØ \Zn-Iƒ Xgp-Ip p \ndsb ]qøpw ImbvNp apebpw h\-ßfpw \nd at\m-c-ay `qan-bm-sw km{ampyw Im m-\-x Iq -ßƒ Im p-t]m-øn ] -ßƒ Im p Imf- q- -ßƒ Im m-sn \nc-ifpw am\p-iƒ apb-ep-iƒ hc-b IpXn-c-Iƒ am\-ambv I w X p kkpjw Pohn- p- p. iey-a- n-h- -Iƒ kky-`- Ww am{xw. kzmtz-sd-bn-d- n- m sw patx-sd-bnjvsw! \cn-iƒ, ]pen-iƒ sn mbx h -ßfpw Ipdp- - mcpw Ipc ß mcpw Iqa- mcpw ]mºp-i-fp-sp-ºp-iƒ IS- q- -ßfpw ]cs»ey-am-wn h -ß-sf-s m-s pw snº Im-Sp-Iƒ ]qøp ap - m-sp-iƒ ]qøp snøn- m-sp-iƒ ]qøp ama-c-saßpw ]qøp. P p- ƒ P\n- p p Pohn p \in- p p P ptemi-øn N{I h Øn Rm `cn- p- p. F{Xbpw tntxm-l-c sa pkuc`w `qhn n{xbpw ku`m-ky-a kz -cm-py-øn-\pt m? ]I-tem X Igp-Øn IØn hbv p- p, c w ]m\w snøp- p. Imf cm{xn Xna Øm-Sp p ]qøncn IØn- p- p s]m - m-sp-iƒ \osf Pqsse 2018 47

]msem-fn- -{μn-i-bn ]me q aμ-lmkw {]` Nn nspw cmp k -Øn ^Wm-c-Xv\ ZypXn-bn-se km{ampyw {]Imiam-\-ambn aw-hm- nsb tøsn nsn p sim p-h-cm XpWsb Iq o-tsww kabw ImWp- n. A -\-Ωsb th {]mb-sa-\n- p-ambn \n bw tla- -Øn apºxp \S- ospw. ] -a-lnjn thww cmpy-`m-c-ta-ev n- m ] nb cmp-ip-am-c- mcpw ]nd- Ww Gsd hnim-e-amip sa pss km{am-py-øn Gsd-bp-ØpwKamIpw Xe-Øn KP-ho-c X pss ]pdw t]mse Xnfßpw ine-bn- simønb tntxm-l-c aminb knwlm-k\w \ntbm-k-øm-se alm ]q hn-i-cm-k\ ÿ cmsbmcp ]pcm-x-\ ÿm\-an- nw-lm-k\w Rm\n- nw-lm-k-\-øn ep]-hn-jvs-\m-ip p Rms\s Iøn snt m- te p p `cn- p- p. Chn-sS-bn-cp- m-se km{am-py-amsi ImWmw Chn-sS-bn-cp-s m p K n- m-se mw im w Fs K \w ti p Zn p-iƒ hnd- p p Fs K \w tit m tal-ßƒ K n- p p? N{I-h Øn XS-h-d-bn! NXn-hn ]nsn-s -s Xpdp- n-en- nt \o? axn-bm-thm-f-sas NqjWw snbvxnt \o? a Øy-s\-sb pw t{zmln- n Rm cmp-knwlw F n psat sbs h n p \cm-[-a \o \S- m høm-sømcp Ime-sa-\n p h m shsn-sh-s s sim pw \nμy \nir-jvs \o I\-I-knw-lm-k\w ths p h -XmWv I\Iw I m a Øy I p-sim- p t]mbo knwl-ßƒ knwl-ßsf sim Ncn-{X-apt m knwl-ßƒ knwl-ßsf NXn Ncn-{X-apt m cmpy-`mcw e`n- m-\- s\t mepw sim pw cmpm-[n-cm-p-\m-bm \ns bpw \o ad pw ]I-t]m- p-hm-\mbn a Øy a Øys\ sim pw ]I Xo Øo-Sp-thm-f-am-scbpw sims m-sp pw Cebpw ]p pw Xn p sxfn-\o IpSn- p ae-x Ncn-hnse ]p n-am-\n Iq -ß-ƒ F pss K w aw Ødn p c -s -Sm an -en thk-x-bn ]m p-t]m-hxp Im si IS- p ]nsn p Rm s\m ns N -dpøp IpSn p NpSp-tNmc th -t]m Xn p amkw hn p simspøp _m n h Xp Iq p-im p H pw _m n hbv msx Xn -h kwxr-]vx-cmbv ` -W-Øn\p am{xw sim pw Rm {]P-Isf ` y-am-wt m I - ambn Rm ]ncn- p- p. 48 Pqsse 2018

If-sa-gpØpw ]m pw ] o-cm-bn-chpw B. \tc-{μ-h Ω, Aº-e- pg Aº-e- pg Icq {io th bvs mcpai t {X-Ønse Cu h jsø If-sa-gpØpw ]m pw G{]n 27,28 Xob-Xn-Ifn hnhn[ ]cn-]m-sn-i-tfmss BtLm-j-]q hw \S- p. 27\p NS-ßp-]m pw 28\p ] o-cm-bncw \mfn-ticw DS- p-sim- p {][m\ If-sa-gpØpw ]m pw \S- p. H mw Znh-k-amb 27- \p cmhnse Aº-e- pg tbmk-t a-k`m h\nxm hn`m-k-øns B`n-ap-Jy-Øn \mcm-b-wob ]mcm-bww \S- p. D v tijw Ipamcn Pn. BXn-c-h Ω-bpsS kwko-xm \ Bkzm-Zy-I-c-amb A\p-`-h-am-bn-cp- p. Zo]m-cm-[-\ v tijw NS-ßp-]m v \S- p. c mw- Zn-h-k-amb 28\p cmhnse B. Intjm Ip-am h Ω \bn ` n-km-\-kp-[bpw D - p-tijw Aº-e- pg kptcjv h Ω-bpsS Hm Xp- epw \nd kz- n\v ap n Ah-X-cn- n- p. sshio v \S kmwkvim-cni ktω-f\w s{]m^. B. Fkv. h ΩPn DZvLm-S\w snbvxp. si.-f. {ioir-jvw-zmkv A y- -\m-bncp- p. tum. Aº-e- pg tkm]- Ip-am, {io.-]n.-pn. iin-ip-am h Ω F n-h Biw-km-{]-`m-j- W-ßƒ \S-Øn. {io. B. Intjm Ipam h Ω kzmk-xw Biw-kn- p-ibpw, kp\n h Ω IrX- X tcj-s -Sp-Øp- Ibpw snbvxp. tzhn si. h Ω Bbn-cp p ktω-f-\-øns Ah-Xm-c-I. ktω-f-\-øn sh p Imc- Ipsd cma-n-{μ \mb, Sn.-sI. `mkvi-c-h Ω, tum. hn.-sn. \mbv v, Aº-e- pg kptcjv h Ω, Aº-e- pg hnp-b-ip-am, Iem-a-fiew j ap-j, I m v tkmhn-μ- p-dp- v, If-Øn N{μti-J-c \mb F n-hsc BZcn- p. 27\p \S th bvs mcp ai {SÃns s]mxp-tbm-k- Øn sh p ]pxnb {]kn- U mbn B. \tc-{μ-h Ωsbbpw sshkv {]kn-u mbn B. Zot]jv h Ω-sbbpw sxcs -Sp-Øp. sk{i- -dn-bmbn F.-B.-B. h Ωbpw tpmbn v sk{i- -dn-bmbn `{Zm h Ωbpw {Sj-d Bbn ]n.-b. tkmah Ωbpw XpS-cpw. IΩn n AwKß-fmbn B. cma-h Ω, F.- B. DZ-b-h Ω, tamlnxv h Ω, icxv h Ω, tum. hnjvwp {]km-zv, {]nb h Ω F n-h v ]pdsa howm h Ω-sbbpw sxcs -Sp-Øp. X{ n ]pxp-a\ {io[-c \ºq-Xn-cn, s{]m^. B. Fkv. h Ω-Pn, Sn.-sI. `mkvic h Ω F n-h-cmwv c m-[n-im-cn-iƒ. {_ {io am[- h \ºq-Xn-cn-bm-Wv ta im- n. 28\p \S Xmb-º-Ibpw Aº-e- pg hnp-b-ip-am Ah-Xcn- n tkm]m\ kwko-x-hpw ` -P-\-ßƒ, \nd a\-t mss Bkz-Zn- p. Zo]m-cm-[-\, AØmg-]q-P, ap - ]m v, If-{]-Z- n- Ww, Ifw-]q-P, Xncn-bp-gn-b, Ifw ambv F n-h-bv ptijw \S ] o-cm-bncw txß-tbdp A\p-]-ahpw A`u-ahp-amb A\p-`q-Xn-bmWv Bbn-c- -W- n\v Bcm-[-I v ]I p \evin-b-xv. I \ ]db, If {]kmz hnx-c-ww, Iqd hen- F n-h-tbmss NS-ßp- Iƒ kaw-kfw ]cy-h-km-\n- p. Aº-e- p-g-bnse {Xnb IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS `c-tz-h-x-bmwv {io th -bvs mcp ai. Pqsse 2018 49

H p Ipd \mev]xv {]Zo]v h Ω, simtωcn, timgn-t msv Ign h jw sabv amk- Øn Imk tkmuv Pn -bnse \ote-iz-cøv I m v at-øn timhn-eiw A -W-Øn sh v Hcp s]cp- -fn-bm w \S- p. Ign Ggp ]Xn- m- p-i-fmbn aps-ßn-\n- n-cp "H p Ipd \mev]xv' (A-Yhm ap -søm ]- Xv) Zriy ani-hm sxø-t me-ß-fpss s]cp- -fnbm w timhne-isø henb Xºp-cm- n-bpss B{K-l-{]-Imcw _ p- ƒ tn v Xt±-io-b-cpsS kºq W kl-i-c-w-tømss \S-Øn-bXv Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amb A\p-`-hambn. Xpem- Øv XpSßn si n-bm- Sp sxø- m-e-øns Cu h jsø Adp-Xn v ap ]m-bncp p Cu Ifn-bm- w. c p cm{xnbpw Hcp ]Iepw \o thj- -I bv pw A\p-{K-lh j-øn\pw P\-i-X-ßƒ p apºn timhn-e-i-ap w thzn-bmbn. \m p-im kz w hnf-hp-iƒ ImgvN-bmbn ka n v kaql t`mp-\-øn-\p Ie-hd \nd- p. s]cp- -fn-bm sa m H -\- h[n sxø-ßƒ si n-bm-sp A\p-jvTm-\w. `c-tz-h-x-bmb tbmkn-bm. AI-ºSn apx P\- Io-b-\mb s]m sxøw hsc At\Iw sszh-t m-e-ßƒ Hs m- mbn Dd-s -gp- - p- Xv I Ip-fn s ImWm-\mbn. H mw cmhn txm -ßƒ snm n-bm-sn. sxø-t m-e-ß-fpss hc-hn\v apt m-sn-bmbn AXmXv sszh-øn-s\- p-dn- p Ncn{Xw kvtxm{x-cq-t]w (txm w) snm n-bm-sp- p. txm -Øn\v 50 Pqsse 2018 an\naw apj-sø-gptø D m-hq. Hmtcm sxø-øn\pw {]txyiw txm w-]m- p- m-ipw. ae-bm-fhpw Xpfphpw Ie {ZmhnU kwkvim-c-ø-\n-a-bpss sxfnhm Na-b- m-gv I-fmWv sxø-ßƒ. {]mtz-ini Imhp-IfpsS `c-tz-h-x-am apx ] nar-km-zn-ifpw bp -ho-c- mcpw hsc sxø-ß-fmbn Dd- p-h-cp- Xv ae-bm- -bpss DZm-Ø-amb {]Ir-Xyp-]m-k-\-bpsS t\ mgvn-bm-ip- p. c mw-zn\w ]pe- apx sxø-t meßfpss Bhn `m-h-am-bn. Fgp-Øm-f- p-cbn a ƒs]m-snbpw Np NpÆmºpw Nmbn-eyhpw Ie apj-sø-gpøpw AXmXv sxøßƒ p tn apsn-tb- -ambn ] n-b-dbv v ap n-se-øp sxø-øn\v Acnbpw IØn Xncnbpw sh \m ne \ Ip- p. hs p Xncn v hc-hn-fntøm w]msnøo Øv kz w apipcw apj- -Æm-Sn-bn-eqsS t\m n Dd-bp-tºmƒ timew sxø-ambn amdp Xv at\m-l-camb A\p-`-h-am-Wv. Iem-i- p-h- Sp-Ifpw A\p-{Klsamgn-I-fp-ambn sxø-ß-ƒ ` -P-\-ßsf kao- ]n v Bio hmzw \ Ip- p. Ifn-bm- ap Øv \nd- m-snb sxø-t m-e-ßƒ {][m-\-ambpw sszh-t m-e-ß-fm-bn-cp- p; BdfØv `K-h-Xn, ]p q-cm-fn, ]msm Ip-f-ßc `K-h-Xn, A - m v `K-h-Xn, tim - p-døv Nmapfin, Ip -føv `K-h-Xn, s]tsm- S- Øv Nmap-fin, hnjvwpaq Øn, Imf-cm-{Xn, Zfiy-ßm- \Øv `K-hXn F n-ß-s\. XpS v `qx-sø-ø-ß-fmb Kpfn- I\pw s]m sxø-hpw. cmthsd-s - m-bn-cp p s]m s

]I m- w. a p time-ßƒ v Nmbn-ey-Øns apj-sø-gp-øm-sw- n s]m sxø-øn\v Ihpßn ]mfbpw Ipcp-tØm-ebpw tn apj-]-s-am- Wv. \nc-h[n Np p-i-fp Ipcp-tØme- m-hm-sbpw. t\csø Xøm-dm- nb A n-ip-fi-øn HmSns v hogp-i-bpw-, ae v InS- p-i-bp-amwv s]m sxø-øns coxn. aq mw-zn-hkw cmhnse timhn-e-i-øns `c tzh-x-bmb tbmkn-bm AI-º-Sn-bpsS hc-hmbn. h Wm-`-amb apj-tø- n-s\m w Xr -Æm-Ir-Xnbp Ipdn. apsn hen w Ipd-hv. ÿm\o-b-scbpw, \msp-hm-gn-i-sfbpw XpS v as m {]P-I-sfbpw t\cn I v ""KpWw hcs ''sb v samgn v A\p- {K-l-h jw snmcn- p. ` -cpss k -S-ßƒ t\cn v ti v DNn-X-amb ]cn-lm-c-{]-xn-{in-b-iƒ \n t±-in- p. XdhmSns "kzcq] hnnmcw' snbvxv Xd-hm- ns bpw {Kma-Øn-s bpw A`yp- -Xn v Bio hmzw snmcn- p. XpS p-h "DΩ- nsøøw' ae-_m-dns kmaqlni cn-\-bp-ssbpw ax-ku-lm ±-Øn-s bpw DXvIr-jvS-amb A\p-`hw ]I p \ In. \m p-im-cp-ambn kwh-zn v am n-f- m v ti v A\p-{K-ln v DΩ- n-søøw as-ßn-btxmss Ifn-bm- -Øn\p kam-]-\-am-bn. apsßn \n n-cp Cu A\p-jvTm-t\m- -h-øn\v km m-xvimcw \ In-b-Xn henb Xºp-cm n Da- Ø-ºp-cm- n-bp-ssbpw c m-[n-im-cn-bmb am\-h Ω cmp-bp-ssbpw Bio hm-z-tøm-ssm w \μ-ip-am-c, ]fl-\m-`, IrjvW-Ip-am, kp`m-jv, kptajv XpSßn H -t\iw bphm- -fpss ]cn-{i-ahpw Hcp {Kmaw H -S w ka n kl-i-c-whpw henb ] p-h-ln p. Iznkv... DØcw 1. ]m {In-bmkv 2. s^en-sk v 3. e van- p n 4. n.-un. cma-ir-jvws "kpk n F B mƒ tzh-\m-bin' F IrXn v 5. s{]m^. Fkv. Kp]vX \mb 6. P\-d _n]n dmhøv 7. td Imƒk 8. πmãniv aen-\o-i-cww C m-xm- p-i. 9. 20.95% 10. kn{sniv BknUv 11. s^u-td-j Hm^v C \m-j-w ^psvt_mƒ At m- n-tb-j 12. tum. N{μ-ti-Jc Imºm m{x-kv]μ\w kqcy-ssn-x\y I n-sp- p- -w_-c-øn amcn-hn- n \nd-ag hown-sp p ImXn-\p- n Ipbn ]m n a[p-ag angnap n-se-øn-sp p \nd-tadpw ae ag ]mw-\m-cpss how-x- n hmwn-sp p ag- m v HmW-hn- n RmsWm-en-bn CuW-ao o kzc-kp[ I n-amkw X n-et m ]q\n-em-hn ]pxp-ag ap -a-e m-hn \n pw Dƒ\n-dbpw aw-ag I -S-Øn-se-Øp-at m Zp L-S-Øn- s]c-p-ag Bi \evipw kz]v\-at m a\p-p-\n v Ipfn ag tiwn-sp- p- - -ambn Zo\-Zo\w ag- p v `qan-x- n hmsn-howp NqSn-Xn ag- m-sp-iƒ s]m ms\ mwn-h-\pss \maw Im am \s mcp tnem-wn-h\pw amt\-t m-e- n-h-\pss cq]w am\-øp-bsc ac-øn hmkw sn n-d-at m Np -Øn-h\pw ta\n-bn \ndsb \oe-\ndw On Ons -s mcp \mz-ap-b Øpw Ip m-bp-s mcp ta\n-bv p-sa am\w X n Dbcpw XzcnXw ao\n api-fn h p ]Xn pw Xcp-hn simºn [ym\-an-cn pw s]m m hncp-x ao\p]n-sn- m InW-dn- p- n \q p IS pw Ip n\p Xo n simsp-øo-sm Nn -Iƒ txmdpw h- p-h-kn pw s]m m IÆn\p s]m -I-Wn-b-t m. Pqsse 2018 51

]n. tii-h-tzhv kmln-xy- ]p-c-kvimcw {]`m-h Ωbv v ]n. tii-h-tzhv {SÃns km lnxy ]pc-kv mcw Ihnbpw Km\-c-N-bn-Xm-hp-amb {]`m-h Ωbv v kωm-\n- p. 25,000 cq]bpw B SnÃv _n.-un.-z-ø cq]- I \ snbvx in hpw {]ikvxn]{x-hp-amwv ]pc-kv Im-cw. ae-bmf Imhy kmln-xy- Øn\v \ Inb ka-{k-kw-`m-h-\- bv mwv {]`m-h Ω v ]pc-kvimcw. iyma-am-[-hw, A ]q Æn-a, ku] Æn-I, Nμ-\-\m-gn, B {Zw, Ahn-Nm-cn-Xw, A]-cn- {Klw XpS-ßn-b-h-bmWv Imhyk-am-lm-c-ßƒ. ]mcm-b-w- Øns coxn-t`-z-ßƒ F {]_ kam-lm-chpw ate-jy Ub-dn- p-dn- p-iƒ F bm{xmhn-h-c-whpw {]kn- o-i-cn- n- p- v. 2016se ti{μ kmlnxy A mzan ]pc-kvimcw, Bim ss{]kv, hb-em Ahm Uv, h tømƒ kωm-\w, ticf kmln Xy A m-zan Ahm Uv, ani Ne- n-{x-km-\-c-n-bn-xm-hn-\p ]pc-kvim-c-ßƒ XpS-ßnbh e`n- p. tzim-`n-am\n dkn-u v FUn- -dmbn {]h Øn- n- p- v. Pqsse 11\v sshin v Xncp-h- \- -]pcw ln tlm -en \S NS-ßn ]pc-kvim-c-ßƒ hnx-cww snbvxp elp-]m-niw tum. Fw. efn-xmw-_ni 9446509414 ({io-e- -bn {]Nm-c-ap- -Xv) 1. ] -amß sxmen-i-f v Ac C p hen- -Øn Acn- Xv c v I v 2. ] -kmc - 1 I v 3. apf-ip-s]msn 1/2 Sokv]q 4. D v Bh-iy-Øn\v 5. {Kmºq 15 FÆw Xøm-dm- p hn[w ] -amß Acn- Xv sndnb Xobn thhn- p-i. Ipg-b-cp-Xv. ] -kmc Ac- v sh w tn Øv Xnf- n v "]m\n'-bm- p-i. hmßn h -tijw CXn-te v thhn amß C v Cf- p-i. D pw apf-ip-s]m-snbpw tn Øv ho pw Cf- p-i. CXn-te v NqSmdp- -Xn\v apºv {Kmºp NX- Xv C v ho pw Cf n hbv p-i. aq p awn- q-dn-\p-tijw tnmdns IqsSbpw N m-øn-bpss IqsSbpw D]-tbm-Kn- mw. Ip n-iƒ v Xo -bmbpw CjvS-s -Spw. N -bpss as ap p am n-b-xn-\p-tijw \Ωƒ ]pfn- -dn v D]-tbm-Kn- m-dp- v. (N- -a-sepw amß-bp-amwv tncp-h) ]s ChnsS \Ωƒ N a-s A m D m- p- -sx-ß-s\-sb p t\m mw. N -a-s ap p \ mbn snøn -f tijw amß A m-dn\v Acn-bp hen- -Øn Acn-s -Sp- p-i. AXv sndnb Xobn thhn- p-i. Ipg-bm-Xm-cn- m {]txyiw {i n- -Ww. CXn-te v apf-iv, Imbw, Deph F n-h-bpss s]msn-iƒ Hcp-an- n v NqSm n tn p-i. Bh-iy-Øn\v D p tn Øv, ]pfn-c-k- Øn\v Aev]w kn{sniv BknUpw hn\m-kn-cnbpw tn pi. hn\m- Kncn CjvS-a- møh kn{sniv BknUv am{x-ap-]-tbm-kn- m axn. (\m-c-ß-\o-cm-bmepw axn-bm-ipw.) CXn-te- v \s Æ D]-tbm-Kn v ISpIp hdp-øn-sp-i. Bh-iy-Øn\v Idnth n-ebpw tn mw. Cu A m-dp-i-sf- - n-bp A`n-{]mbw FgpXn Adn-bn- m asn-bv cptx! hmb-\- m-cpss {i bv v Hmtcm e -Øn-tebv- p-ap tej-\-ßƒ, Ihn-X-Iƒ, bqwn v dnt m p-iƒ XpS-ßn-bh {]kn- o-i-cw amk-ß-fpss ap ]nesø amkw (am v, Pq, sk]v w-_, Unkw-_ ) 20- mw XobXn p ap ]mbn Xmsg- -d-bp C -sa-bn-entem k`m Hm^okntem e`n- n-cn- -Ww. C -sa-bn : lalithambika43@gmail.com kshathraspandanam@gmail.com Mob. 9446509414 52 Pqsse 2018

A\- -]pcw sim m-c-ønse _me-k-w-]xn "ticf Imfn-Zmk'-s bpw "tic-f- -]m-wn\n' bpssbpw a p [mcmfw kmlnxy hnzzm- m-cpssbpw hnzp-jn-i-fp-ssbpw P w sim v A\pKr-lo-X-amb 150 h j-øn-tesd ]g- -ap lcn- msv A\- ]pcw sim m-c- Ønse, temi-sa-ºmspw NnX-dn- n-s- p IpSpw-_mw-K-ßƒ h j-øn-sem-cn- HØp-tN- cp p. lcn- msv kp{_- -Wy t {X-Ønse Bdm- n\p sxm - SpØ Znhkw simsn-tb-dp A\- ]pcw sim m-c-ønse amaq- n txh-cpss D -h- m-e- ØmWv Cu IpSpw-_-kw-K-aw. sim m-c-øns ]Sn- msd \Sbnse _me-k-w-]xn {]Xn-jvTbmWp amaq- n txh. AXn\v 85 h jsø ]g- -ap Hcp Ncn-{X-ap- v. AXn-ßs\: sim m-c-ønse Ip n-iƒ sim m-c-øn\p Ing p `mk-øp- IqSn Hgp-Ip txm n Ifn- m- \n-dßn. AXn-\nsS Ah s mcp KW-]Xn hn{klw In n. Ah BtLm-j-ambn ]mf-tøm-en KW-]-Xnsb CcpØn XI-c-s - -Iƒ sim n ]Sn- msd \Sbn-se-Øn- p. CXp-I Imc-Wh- m KW-]-Xnsb AhnsSbncp- Øn {]Xn-jvTn- p. A p apx aps-ßmsx F m-s m- hpw IpSpw-_-Ønse Ip n-iƒ ChnsS ]qp \S-Øn-h-cp- p. D]-\-b\w IgnbmØ (]-Xn-\mep hb- n Xmsg-bp- ) aq p _me- m-cmwp ]qpm-cn-am. Ggpw F pw Znh-ksØ D -h-ßƒ p Ip n-ifpssbpw apxn -h-cpssbpw Iem-]-cn-]m-Sn-bpap v. Cu NS-ßpIsf apxn -h ` n-]q hamwp ImWp- -Xv. AXpsIm- p-xs temi søhnss-bm-sw- nepw Cu D -h-im-eøp IpSpw-_-Øn-ep ]c-amh[n t] Chn-tSs Øpw. Ign 85 h j hpw D hw \S-Øn- pambn _ -s IW- p-iƒ IrXy-ambn kq n- p- ps XmWp as mcp Imcyw. kvtimf jn v e`n- p {_n ojv Iu kn C ybpss Fgp]Xmw hm jni kvtimf jn v- e`n `{Z tkxpam[h. {_n \nse {]ikvx k hiemimeifn D X hnzym`ymkw \SØp Xn\p ticføn \n v sxcs Sp s F v hnzym YnIfn HcmfmWv `{Z. simc n {imºn "lcnx'øn si.ticfh Ω bpssbpw A\nX h ΩbpsSbpw (imczm aμncw, amth en c)aifpw, bqwnb _m v Hm^v C y Ip ºpg {_m v sluv si.tkxpam[hs ]Xv\nbpw BWv. Pqsse 2018 53

h j- _n-μp- ƒ (H-cp Bfl-KXw) {iotz-hn. ]n.kn. "`mh-\', s]cp-ºm-hq kqcy txp- m-em-ir-jvs-cmbv Rßƒ kmkc ]p{x, Ipkr-Xn- p-cp- p-iƒ P -tk-l-øn \n p-samcp Zn\w hm\n-te v Kan p \n»-_vz-cm-bv. Bgn-bn \n p-b p hcp- Xmw amxm-hn Zo\-tcm-Z\w sx pta ti -Xmbv \Sn- o-sm-sx-b- ßv \ {X temiw txsn Ae- p-t]mbv. BZnXy _nw_w Rßƒ Icp-Xnb t]mse kpμ-c-a-s -s mcp am{x tzløp ]Xn- o-sn\ civan-i tfipw Xm]-Øm Rß-f-dn- p-s. hm\n Xo q-f- X- n ]Xn-s mcp ss]x-ßƒ Rßƒ ]m]hnap- -cmbv kqcy-_nw-_-a-en-bn p lrønse km -X-bp-a-`n-am-\-`m-hhpw. km z-\-ß-f-cp-fnb Im talw kzmkxw snbvxp bm{x-bn Iq n-\mbv aμ-am-cp-x X arzp-kv] i-øm aμw aμw \bn- nxp Rßsf K \kzcw \osf apg- nbm kmkc Xnc-am-e-Iƒ imkn- p. C p Zml-Pew e`n- o-sp-hm h n hs mcm ]ms-ßƒ {]m n- p. D -X-ßfmw ] ΔX irwk-ßƒ sas Rß-sf-bm-iz-kn- n- -t mƒ im Kw`o-c-`m-h-apƒs m p Im\-\-ßƒ Ipfn-tcIn Rßƒ v. A -an- m-søm-cm-l- -bm-e v snbvxp-t]m-sbm-c-]-cm-[-ßƒs mw XocmZpx-J-Øn Xo q-f-bn InS mbncw am -t]- n p sim p-s Ip -t_m-[-øm \odpw- lr-z-b-øm t]m p Xmtg- v, h j _nμp- -fmbv th ]n-cn-s m-cm -am-xm-]n-xm- sf I p amdn ]Xn p tiwosphm RUDYARD KIPLING E. Rama Varma Raja, Ennakkad Palace Rudyard Kipling born in Bombay (now Mumbai) India in 1865, was sent to be educated in England at the age of five. He mostly wrote poems, short stories and novels during British rule in India. The Nobel Prize for English Literature was given to him, the first English Indian to get. His most popular works include The Jungle Book about which I say here and now. The story involved in it is wolves in the jungles of India keep company with a lost boy by name Mowgli and nurture the Kid without any human contact, like a frog in the well. But he is threatened by the ferocious tiger, Sher Khan. Hence he comes back to a village accompanied by the Panther or Leopard named Bagheera. Mowgli the lost boy says of the dense forest (Jungle) from his experience thus. "The Jungle speaks to me because I know how to listen. He is brought up on a diet of Jungle Law, loyalty and fresh meat from the kill. Author says if we have a grain of sense we can easily understand animals cry out in pain, rage and fright. Further they cry out for breakfast, dinner, drink, lost loves and for sleep or rest. Rudyard Kipling has translated into verse just to give us an idea of the immense variety of the Jungle Law. Baloo, the sleepy brown bear who teaches the wolf cubs the Law of the Jungle. The opening sentence of the Law of the jungle is as follows: ''Now this is the Law of the Jungle as old and as true as the sky. The last sentence is But the head and hoof of the Law and the haunch and the hump is - Obey! Rudyard Kipling is a Man of Letters (Scholar). He died in 1936. 54 Pqsse 2018

AanXm h Ω ]q m- {ioaq-e-hnemkw lb sk dn hnzym n\n AanXm h Ω C -gn Fkv.-F-kv.- F.-kn. ]co- bv v F m hnj-b-ßƒ pw A+ t\sn ]m m-bn. Cu sim p ansp n ]q m "kpz i-\'-øn A\p-Pm-h Ω-bp-tSbpw tzh-ip-am h Ω-bpsSbpw ai-fm-wv. Un. Xpjm h Ω Xncp-h-\- -]pcw ssh.-fw.- kn.-f.bpss B`n-ap-Jy- Øn Pq embv 8\v \S- Ønb 9 -m-axv "KUB tat\m satωm-dnb Hm sn v Sq Wsa v 2018' Xncp-h-\- -]pcw ] w ti{μob hnzym-eb-ønse F mw Ãm tu Uv hnzym n- Un. Xpjm h Ω {]ikvx hnp-bhpw 2000 cq] Iymjv Ahm Upw t\sn. Im\-dm-_m v Abn-cq ]md imjbnse ko\nb amt\-p B.-Fw. Zneo]v Ipam-dn-s bpw Xncp-h-\- -]pcw Ih-Sn-bm ss{iãv \K kviqƒ A ym-]n-i cmjn h Ω-bp-sSbpw ai-\m-wv. ticf kwÿm\ {Xnb t a-k-`-bnse ap {]h Ø-I-k-anXn AwKhpw dn tb Uv Sqdnkw hip v AUo-j- W Ub-d-IvS-dp-amb B. apcfo-[c h Ω-bp-sSbpw dn -tb Uv hf-cp- {]Xn-`-Iƒ kvxpxn cmti-jv C -gn CBSE 10- mw m v ]co bn ani \ne bn (94%) hnp bw Ic-ÿam- nb kvxpxn cmtijv. \oteizcw {Xn-bt -a-k`m bq Wn v AwK-ß-fmb cmtijns bpw Znhy-bp-sSbpw aifm-wv. ark-kw-c- -W-h-Ip v AUvan-\nkvt{S- ohv Akn-Ã v cp nwn Xºm- n-bp-ssbpw ] fw cmp-ip- Spw-_m-wK-amb cml-hh Ω-cm-Pbp-sSbpw sn n-øe hnp-b-hnem-k-øn cmp-awn h Ω-bpsSbpw sndp-a-i-\p-am-wv. tic-f-øn-epw Xangv\m nepw \S hnhn[ sn v a -c-ßfn Imjv Ahm Upw t{sm^n bpw k n-^n- - p-ifpw t\sn-bn- p Xpjm h Ω Ih-Sn-bm B\μv sn v A m-u-an-bn BWv ]cn-io-e\w t\sp- -Xv. X\p{io h Ω ] w ti{μob hnzym-e-bw- \S- Ønb kaqlkm\ a -c-øn H mw kωm\w \memw Ãm tu Uv hnzym n\n X\p{io h Ω Ic-ÿ-am- n. ap h jß-fn kviqƒ kwl-sn- n Cw o-jv, lnμn ]Zyw snm -en \pw lnμn lm Uvssd nwkv a - c-ønepw ]s -SpØv H pw c pw ÿm\-ßƒ Ic-ÿ-am- nbn- p- v. Im\-dm-_m v Abncq ]md-im-j-bnse ko\n-b m{x-kv]μ\w cmk lcnh Ω {Xn-bt -a-k` ssh w bq- Wn v AwKamb cmk lcn h Ω 77% am t mss _n.- F-kv.-kn. am Ø-am- nivkv hnp-bn- p. ]qtøm imiz-xo-im- \μ timtf-pnse hnzym n-\n-bm- Wv. ssh w hs-t -a-t-øn lcnh Ω-bp-sSbpw tpymxn h Ω-bpsSbpw ]p{xn-bm-wv. amt\-p- B.-Fw. Zneo]v Ipamdns bpw Xncp-h-\- -]p cw Ih-Sn-bm ss{ikv v \K kviqƒ A ym-]n-i cmjn-h Ωbp-sSbpw ai-fm-wv. aqimw-_ni kwkox hnzym-e-b-øn \røw, hben, Nn{X-c-N\ F n-hbnepw ]cn-io-e\w t\sp- p. Pqsse 2018 55

FEELING LOST DEVIKA ANIL, Trivandrum In the hurricanes of this busy world, Of long days in turmoil and sweat, Lost I remain in unknown dimensions, Wild winds, like unknown threats. Greedy minds hungry for wealth, Heartless hearts that bear revenge, When honesty and faith loses its strength, Perplexed I remain like a lost soul in hell, When bullets burn holes through patriotic hearts, Blood scatters a child s innocent face, When a woman s beauty is objectified, I wonder what is to be rectified? When a ruthless axe kills a shade, When the sky above becomes pale, When vast oceans become cracked lands, Nature s fury starts from our hands! And how I wonder where I am, Where I lost those hearty days, Of bright blue skies and happy smiles, Of pure warm hearts in solace. Solidarity they wished, Unity we thrived, Breaking bonds, creating boundaries, Dividing all that s alive. Lost in a world of caste and creed, Of colour and nativity, I wonder when we forgot, That we re all homo sapiens. We create, we divide, We regret even being alive, Like a little child lost in a crowd, Searching for the smile we wore. The feeling of getting lost, In this honeycomb, I wish to travel back, To my mother s beautiful womb. Lost are the days of calm, soothing breeze, When my eyes saw cheer, Citizens who loved and cared, You may lose yourself, so please beware!! {Xn-b- q- mbva _lvssd-\nepw -kuzn Atd_y AS- -ap Kƒ^v cmpyßƒ p ]ndsi _lvssd-\nepw {Xnb IpSpw- _-ß-fpsS Iq mbva cq]o-i-cn- p. VAYU (Varma Association of UAE) F kwl-s\ hnhn[ cmpyß-fn {Xnb kap-zm-bmw-k-ß-fpss Iq m-bvabmbn {]h Øn p hcn-i-bm-wv. _lvssd F sim p cmpyøv \ΩpsS kap-zm-bmw-k-ß-fpss \nch[n sim p IpSpw-_-ß-fp- v. Ah n-s-bn Hcp HØp-tN-c aq v \mev amk-ßƒ v apºv \S- p. A v Ipd p IpSpw-_-ßƒ p am{xta HØp-tNcm Ign- p- p. G{]n 7\v ]n.-pn. iin-ip-am h Ω-bpsS kμ i-\tøm-s-\p-_- n- mbncp p HØp-tN-c. Npcp-ßnb ka-bøv hnfn p tn Ø- Xm-b-Xp-sIm v {]Xo- n- {X IpSpw-_-ßƒ ]s - SpØns - nepw \ote-izcw apx Xncp-h-\- -]pcw hsc-bp 16 IpSpw-_-ß-fnse AwK-ßƒ ]s -Sp- Øp. ticf {Xnbk`-bpsS {]h Ø-\-ßƒ, `mhn- ]-cn-]m-sn-i-ƒ, dnbmivsv, " m{x-kv]-μ\w' F n-h-sb- n iin-ip-am h Ω hni-zo-i-cn- p. cmp- {]-Xn-\n[n F \ne-bn i_-cnae Z i\w \S- Øn-b-Xn-s\- - n-bp kwi-b-ßƒ v hni-zo-i-cww \ In. Gsd-Øm-a-kn-bmsX hn]p-e-amb tbmkw tncm Iq mbva Xocp-am-\n- p. cmpohv h Ω, kqcpv h Ω, Pb-Ip-am h Ω, ctaiv h Ω XpSßn-b-h-cm-bn-cp p Iq m-bva-bpss kwlm-s-i. 56 Pqsse 2018

\nth-znx h Ω C.-sI. Ãm tu Uv 2 _n. ti{μob hnzym-e-b, ] w, Xncp-h-\- -]pcw A`n-\hv h Ω APnØv Ãm tu Uv 3 {]`mxv ]ªnIv kviqƒ, Xr q-wn-øpd Pqsse 2018 57

]nem-ød bqwn- nse ]pd-t cn aw- m p atw hn.-sn. [\-RvP-b hc Nn{Xw 58 Pqsse 2018

]pkvx-i-pmeiw kqcys\ hc-bv p-tºmƒ B. {ioe-xm-h Ω {]km-[-i sskixw _pivkv timx-aw-kew hne: cq. 80 t]pv: 96 {ioexm-h Ω-bpsS sn dnb 61 Ihn-X-I-fpsS kam-lm-camwv "kqcys\ hc-bv p-tºmƒ' F ]pkvx-iw. kp\n ]n. Cfbn-S-Øns Kl-\-amb, kmam \yw Zo L-amb Ah-Xm-cnI Ihbn-{Xn-tb-bpw, Ihn-X-I-tfbpw ]cn- N-b-s -Sp-Øp- p. Ihn-X-I-fpsS Bflm-hn-te v Cd-ßn-s v Ah-bnse \nkq-v-x-iƒ A]-{K- Yn- p- p. Iq n-søm-sp-hn c p Ip p- Iƒ n-s-bn Hcp Hmd- v. B\- bpss akvx-i-øn-te- nb XnS-ºpt]mse; B\ \n p; cmhptxmdpw ]I-ep-tXmdpw, kqcy\pw. hc-bv p-tºmƒ Nn{Xw ]q Æ-ambn. ]pe-cn-i-fn kl-{k-]-fl-ßƒ hncn-bn kqcy. Hmtcm kqcy-\n-epw Hcp "hn[p-c-lr-zbw' txßp- p- v. ]s AXv hcbv m-\m-hn-. "kqcys\ hc-bv ptºmƒ' F IhnX lrzy-ambn txm n. Cu kam-lm-c-ønse Ihn-X- I-fn G hpw \ mbn txm nb Hcm-ibw "t^mkn ' F Ihn-X-bm-sW p txm p- p. a\p-jy-cm-in-bpss Bhn `m-h- Øn\p apsºt m hncn Hcp Ce. sr v h w Np n Np n aæn howv aæns\ DΩ h v p{z-po-hn-iƒ Ih s -SpØ Hcp arx-i-cocw. F nepw Fs m cp Xe-sb-Sp v, bpk-ßƒ - p-dap Pohn-X-sØ- p-dn v \tωm Sv kwh-zn- p Poh-\p Hcp arx-i-co-cw. DZm-Ø-amb Hcp k - ev]w. ISepw Icbpw CSnbpw an epw ag-bp-sa mw, F n\v {]Ir- Xn-bn-se m ImgvN-Ifpw {ioe-xbpss ho -W-tIm-Wn-eqsS \Ωsf Nn n- n- p- p. "\rø'- Øn tal- pi ad-ambpw aptº ag hogpw aptº am\w ap pw ]oen \nh Øn-bm-Sp abn-embn amdp IS, AXv I p-sim- n-cn- p Fs lrz-bhpw `mh-i-x-ßƒ ]oen-hn-cn-bv p as mcp abn-embn amdpw. Imew Ign- v Rm\n- m-xm-bmepw Cu \røw I p-sim- n-cn- p hcpss lrz-b-øn-emhpw Fs lrz-b-hpw. Poh t]mbn, s]m -bm-bn, Bcpw ImWmsX aæn ]q p- In-S- n-cp ]mgv-hkvxp t]msebp Fs iwjns\- - sbsp Øv AXn \mz-{_ w DuXn \nd-bv p-tºmƒ, thymam- -c Øn Rm ams mens m ptºmƒ Poh-\n-t? hmt\mfw Db-cp Xnc-am-e- Iƒ, F{X Db mepw Xoc- Øns ]mz-ß-fn \a-kv -cn- p p; Al shsn- v. \ k -ev]w. {ioe-xm-h Ω-bpsS Bi-bßƒ Ihn-Xm-cq-]-Øn C\n-bpan-\nbpw Bkzm-Z-I-tem-I-Øn\v kωm-\-ambn In s. Ihn-X-bv v hrøw thw-sa- Xv Hcp ]g- {]am-w-am-bn-cn- mw. F m IhnX H p Dds snm n t\m q. hrø-ap- - n-et `wkn? hrμm-tzhn Xºp-cm 34- \n pw cmpy-øp-s-\ofw \S-Øp-hm At±lw ap ssi FSpØp {]h Øn- p. Km n-pn-bpss Pohn-XsØ Bkv]-Z-am n ]e {KŸ-ßfpw At±lw cnn- p. Ah-bn NneXv NphsS tn p- p. 1. Gandhi - a biography for children and beginners 2. Gandhi in anecdots 3. Spiritual basis of Sathyagraha 4. Spiritual Perceptions of Mahatma Gandhi F m-h-tcbpw kvt\ln- m\pw _lp-am-\n- m-\p-ap a\ v At±-lsØ XnI pw henb-h-\m- n. XnI Hcp I Ω-tbm-Kn-bmbn-cp At±lw 2006 HIvtSm- _ 9\v Xs 81- -m-asø hbn \sω hn p-t]m-bn. `mcy : awk-f, a ƒ: KuXw h Ω, l j h h Ω kzcm-py-øn\p th n Dgn- ph At±-l-Øn-s PohnXw F m-h pw {]tnm-z- \-am-is!- Pqsse 2018 59

bqwn v hm Ø-Iƒ hnti-j-ßƒ Xncp-h-\- -]pcw G{]n apx Pq hsc `c- W-k-anXn tbmk-ßƒ IqSn N snbvxv Xocp-am-\-ßƒ FSp-Øph-cp- p. Xncp-h-\ ]pcw {Xnb-t -a-k` ap sk{i- dn B. IrjvW-h ΩbpsS hntbm-k- Øn G{]n 13\v kpμ-chn-emkw sim m-c-øn h v Hcp A\p-kva-cW tbmkw IqSn. apxn AwKw B. cma-h Ω, A\n Ip-am h Ω, B. kpamh Ω F n-h A\p-kva-cW {]kwkw \S-Øn. IqSmsX k`mw Kw sim -\n-b Xncp-ap msv, ap h\nxsk{i- dn efn-xmw-_n- I-bpsS ktlm-zcn ktcm-pn\n Xºp-cm n, saw_ {ioiemh ΩbpsS amxmhv e van- p n timhn-e-ω F n-h-cpss \ncym-w- Øn k` A\p-tim-N\w tcjs -Sp-Øn. hm jni s]mxp-tbmkw A\p-tam-Z\w Xncp-h-\- -]pcw {Xn-b -t -a-k-`-bpss 2017 18se hm jni s]mxp-tbmkw Pqembv 1\v cwk-hn-emkw lmfn cmhnse 10\v Bcw-`n- p. sshkv {]kn-u v B. A\n Ipam h ΩbpsS A y- Xbn IqSnb tbmk-øn tpmbn v sk{i- dn si. hnpnøv h Ω kzmk-xhpw sk{i- dn PbN{μ h Ω ]n.-si. 2017-18se {]h Ø\ dnt m pw {Sj-d si.-f. cma-h Ω hm jni IW pw Ah-X-cn- n- p. {]kn- U v Pn. cma-h Ω Nne hy- n- ]-c-amb Imc-W-ß-fm cmpnsh Hgn-hn-te v F.-kn. tkmzh Ωsb {]kn-u mbn \n t±-in- p-ibpw sxc-s -Sp- p-ibpw snbvxp. IqSm-sX cmpn-h tpmbn v sk{i- dn hnpnøv h Ωbv v ]Icw APnØv h Ωsb tpmbn v sk{i- dn Bbn sxc-s -Sp- p-ibpw n.- B. cma-h ΩcmPsb ]pxnb-xmbn IΩn- n-bn-te v FSp- p- Ibpw snbvxp. XpS v Bbp thz timtf-pnse dn -tb Uv s{]m^-k tum. hniz-\m-y "]I -hym-[n-ifpw Pohn-X-ssien-Ifpw' F hnjbsø p dn v Btcm-Ky-{]-`mjWw \S-Øn. bqwn- nse saw_ am-cpss Ip n- I-fn Fkv.-F-kv.-F.-kn., +2 ]co- -I-fn hnp-bn BZ iv h Ω, `cxv h Ω, Acp-Wna h Ω, A nx h Ω, A\-izc h Ω, kp] W h Ω, Xo h Ω, Kncn-[ h Ω, ]m ΔXn h Ω, \ocp h Ω F n-h v k`-bpss hi-bmbn k n-^n- - pw D]-lm-chpw \ In. XpS v \h-xn-bpss \nd-hn FØn- \n p- apxn AwKw n.-b. cma-h Ω-cm-Psb k` A\p-tam-Zn- p-ibpw D]-lmcw \ Ip-Ibpw snbvxp. At±-l- Øns Pohn-X-co-Xn-I-sfbpw HutZym-KnI Imcy-ß-sfbpw Ipdn v Pn. cma-h Ω kz- n\v hnhcn p. Xncp-h {Xn-b-t a-k`bpss C sø Db pw Ct m-gsø Hm^okv si n-s- Øns D `-h-øn\pw {][m\ ] p hln- Xv At±-l-amWv F v Du n -d- p. h\n-xmhn-`m-k-øns hm jni s]mxptbm-k-øn {]kn-u v tim`-\- h Ω A y- X hln p. ti{μ h\nxm {]kn-u v eoem-_mbn Xºp-cm n k n-ln-x-bm-bn-cp- p. 2017 Unkw-_-dn ti{μ hm jni s]mxp-tbm-k-øn \S- Ønb D]-\ymk a -c-øn ]s -SpØ F m-h pw D]- lmcw \ In-b-Xn A v lmpcm-imø Xncp-h-\- -]pcw bqwn- nse h\nxm {]Xn-\n[n Dj DZb-h Ω v tbmk-øn h v D]- lmcw \ In. XpS v sk{i- dn efn-xmw-_ni Fw.-sI. dnt m pw {Sj-d _nμp IrjvW-Zmkv IW pw Ah-X-cn- n- p. sk{i- dn efn-xmw_ni h Ω cmpn-h Hgn-hn-te v Dj DZ-b-h Ω sk{i- -dn-bmbn Xnc-s -Sp- -s - p. GI-tZiw \q n-bn-cp-]txm-fw IpSpw-_mw-K-ßƒ kw_- n- p- Ibpw D ` -W-Øn-\p-tijw 3 awn-tbmss tbmkw Ah-km-\n- p-ibpw snbvxp. Nme- psn {]h Ø\ dnt m v {Xn-b-t -a-k` Nme- psn 60 Pqsse 2018

bqwn- ns sszzamkao nw-kp-iƒ aps-ßm-sx \S-Øp- p- v. {]h Ø-\-ßƒ km[m-c-w-\n-e-bn apt m p t]mip- p- v. Cu h jsø bqwn v hm jniw tabv amk-øn \S-tØ- n-bn-cp- Xv BKÃv 22- mw XobXn _p[- \mgvn \S-Øp-hm-\pw, AtXmsSm w HmWm-tLm-jhpw \S-Øphm\pw Xocp-am-\n- p. {Xnb IpSpw-_mw-K-ßsf ]s -Sp- n v ti{μ-k` \S-Øm \n -bn- ncn- p bph-p-t\m- -hsø kw_- n v k`mw-k-ßsf Adnbn- n- p- v. bph-p-t\m- -h- Øns \S-Øn- pimcy-ßƒ mbp Iem-Im-c- m-cp-tsbpw Iem- Im-cn-I-fp-sSbpw ]m\-ep-iƒ Xømdm-bn. tic-fønse F m {Xnbk` bqwn- p-i-fn-tebpw IpSpw- _mw-k-ßƒ v Nme- psn bqwn- ns HmWm-iw-k-Iƒ t\cp- p. \ote-izcw {Xn-b-t -a-k` \ote-izcw bqwn v AwK-amb IS- -aæ timhn-e-iøv Zmtam-Z-c cmpbpss \ncym-w-øn bqwn v A\p-timN\w tcj-s -Sp-Øn. {]kn-u v si.-kn. chn-h Ω-cm-PmbpsS A y- -X-bn sk{i- dn ]n.-kn. IrjvW-h Ω cmpm kzmk- Xhpw si.-kn. am\-h Ω-cm-P, Sn.- kn. IrjvW-h ΩcmPm, ]n.-si. kp`m-jv, si.-kn.si. cmpm, F.- kn. \μ-ip-am XpS-ßn-b-h A\ptim-N\hpa n- p-sim v kwkmcn- p. IpSpw-_-kw-K-ahpw {Xnb sk kkv bqwn v Xe kμ i-\-øns DZvLm-S-\hpw 21-04 2018\p \ote-izcw hst timhn-e-iøp sh v \S IpSpw-_-kw-K-ahpw {Xnb t a-k`m sk kkv {]h Ø-\-Øns bqwn v Xe kμ i-\-øns DZvLm-S-\hpw kwÿm\ tpmbn v sk{i- dn B. chn-h Ω \n h-ln- p. NSßn \ote-izcw bqwn v {]kn- U v si.-kn. chn-h ΩcmP A y- X hln- p. sk{i- dn hn.-kn. IrjvW-h ΩcmP kzmk- Xw Biw-kn- p.kwkvym\ sshkv {]kn-u v Sn.-Fw. {ioipam, si.-kn. am\-h Ω-cmP, Icnsh- q bqwn v {]kn-u v kp{_- -Wy, IrjvW DWn- Øn-cn, tum. si.-kn.-si. cmpm, si.-kn. cmti-jv, tum.-sn.-kn. hnp-b-irjvw XpS-ßn-b-h kwkm-cn- p. at\m-c-a -X-ºp-cm n \μn ]d- p. \ote-izcw I m v at-øn timhn-e-iøv alm-{]-` X-ºp-cm- n-bpss ` Ømhv Nnd- timhn-e-iøv A -cn {]k- - Ip-am-c-h Ω-bpsS A\p-tim-N\ tbmk-øn bqwn- v {]kn-u v si.-kn. chn-h ΩcmP A y- X hln- p. sk{i- dn IrjvWh Ω-cm-P kzmk-xhpw si.-kn. am\-h Ω-cm-P, si.-kn. cmti-jv, Sn.-Un. hnp-b-ir-jvw, Sn.-Un. IrjvW-h Ω-cm-P, F.-kn. \μ- Ip-am, ]n.-si. kp`m-jv, Sn.Un. at\m-c-a-x-ºp-cm n XpS-ßn-b-h A\p-tim-N-\-hpa n p kwkmcn- p. \ote-izcw cmpmkv lb sk dn kviqƒ ixm_vzn BtLmjw \ote-izcw cmpmkv lb sk dn kviqƒ ixm_vzn BtLm-j-Øns `mk-ambn \S hnzym-`ymk skan-\m a{ n s{]m^. kn. cho-{μ-\myv DZvLm-S\w snbvxp. Fw. cmptkm-]m-e Fw.-F.-F. A y- X hln- p. ap No^v sk{i- dn Fkv. hnp-bm-\μv apjy-{]-`mjww \S-Øn. ]n. Icp-Wm-I-c (Fw.-]n.), kviqƒ amt\-p Sn.- Un. DZ-b-h Ω cmp, si.-kn. am\-h Ω-cmP XpS-ßn-b-h m{x-kv]μ\w kwkm-cn- p. Xfn-bn \oe-i-wvtt-izc t {Xw D hw \ote-izcw Xfn-bn \oe-i- WvtT-izcw t {X-Øn D -hmtlmj-øn\v \ote-izcw cmp-ip- Spw-_m-wK-ßfpsS km n-[y- Øn t {Xw X{ n {io XcWs\- q ]fl-\m-` DÆn \ºq-Xncn- m-sns Im Ωn-I-Xz-Øn simsn-tb w \S-Øn. am v 12\pw 13\pw \S ] n-th- bpw Bdm- p- -hhpw cmp-ip-spw-_mw-k-ßfpss kpoh km n-[y-øn kap-nn-x-ambn \S- p. Xncp-h G{]n sabv Pq amkß-fn k`m IΩn n F m amk hpw IqSp-Ibpw ]e Imcy-ß-fn N \S-Øp-Ibpw ]e Xocp-am- \-ßƒ FSp- p-ibpw snbvxp. {][m\ N sabv amk-øn \S-Øp-hm Dt±-in- p hm jniw Xs -bm-bn-cp p. CXns Imcy-ß-fn Xocp-am-\-ap- m-bn. 2018 sabv 27 Rmb-dmgvN k`mhm jniw Xncp-h ]men-tb- c sim m-c-øn h v \S-Øp-hm Xocp-am-\n- p. Krl-k-μ i-\w, hcn-kw-jy, m{x-[z-\n hm jn- I- n-cn-hv, ImcpWy ^ v ]ncn-hv F nh Du nx-s -SpØn. Cu Ime-b-f-hn ]men-tb- c sim m-c-ønse {ioaxn Ipamcn tzhn Xºp-cm- n-bpss \hxn, {io am Øm-fi-h Ω-bpsS ixm-`ntjiw, {ioaxn \fn\nxºp-cm- nbpss ixm-`n-tjiw, {io. B.- B. h Ω-bpsS jjvsy-_vz- ]q Øn, {io {]k- -h Ω-bpsS (Nn-d-bv sim m-cw) k]vxxn F o BtLm-j-ßƒ Xncp-h ]men-tb- c sim m-c-øn h pw Xr q-wn-øpd "ku] ÆnI' bn h pw \S- p. k`-bpss {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ NS-ßp-I-fn ]s -SpØv Ch v Biw-k-Iƒ Pqsse 2018 61

t\ p. 2018 sabv 27 Rmb-dmgvN 9.30\v ]men-tb- c sim m-c-øn h v k`-bpss hm jni ktωf\w \S p. Cuizc{]m \, kzmk-xw, A y {]kwkw F nhbv ptijw k`-bpss 2017-18 se hm jni dnt m v, hchp Nnehv IW v, h\n-xm-hn- `mkw dnt m v F nh bym- {Iaw sk{i- -dn Ac-hnμ h Ω, {Sj-d taml-\-h Ω, h\nxm sk{i- dn Sn.-sI. eoem-_mbn Xºp-cm n F n-h AwKo-Im-c- Øn-\mbn s]mxp-tbmkw apºm si Ah-X-cn- n- p. N -Iƒ p tijw Ah AwKo-I-cn- p. AXn- \p-tijw ap Ime k`m {]h Ø-I\pw k`-bv mbn Hcp si n- S-ap- m- p-hm ]cn-{i-an- -h-cn {][m-\n-bp-am-bn-cp Znhw-K-X- \mb {]k- -h Ω-bpsS Ombm- Nn{Xw ai cmpohv h Ω-bpsS km n- y-øn k`m {]kn-u v ]n.-b. h Ω- A\m- m-z\w snbvxp. k`mw-k-ß-fpss Ip n- Iƒ m-bp kvtimf jn- p- Iƒ, k` \ Ip Ahm Up- Iƒ, hy n-kx Ahm Up-Iƒ, s] j F n-h-bpss hnx-c-wam-bn-cp p ASp-Ø-Xmbn \S- - Xv. k` Cubn-\-Øn ap -Xn-\mbncw cq] Ip n-iƒ pw s] jtw-gvkn\pw \ In. k`mw-k- Øns aiƒ {ioh Ωbv v hnzym-`ym-k-øn-\mbn VAYU F hntzi {Xnb Iq mbva \ Inb ]Xn-t\-gm-bncw cq]- bpss tumiyp-sa vkv k`m {]kn-u v {iotzhn h Ωbv v ssiam-dn. ]n o-sv ]pxnb IΩn- n-bpss sxc-s -Sp- m-bn-cp- p. Ct m-gsø {]txyi kml-n-cy- Øn \ne-hn-ep IΩn n Xs XpS-cp-hm s]mxp-tbmkw Xocpam-\n- p. D bv v k`mwkw cm[ni 62 Pqsse 2018 hn-p-b-h Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS Im - dnwkv k hokv Hcp- nb DuWn- \p-tijw c v awn-tbmss hm jni ktω-f\w ]n.-b. h ΩbpsS A y- -X-bn Bcw-`n- p. Cuizc {]m -\, kzmk-xw, A y {]kwkw F n-h-bv ptijw ti{μ-k-`- P\-d sk{i dn Bfl-Ph Ω Xºp-cm `{Z- Zo]w sxfn-bn v hm jni ktωf\w DZvLmS\w snbvxp. ti{μk-`-bpss {]h Ø-\-ß-sf- pdn pw {Xn-b ]pxnb ]pxnb {]h Ø-\-cw-K-ßƒ kzmb-ø-amt Bh-iy-I-X-sb- - nbpw k`mw-k-ßsf DZvt_m-[n- n At±lw kwÿm\ Km\-ambn sxc-s -Sp- p-hm ] fw tic-f-h Ω-bpsS ""sszhta ssi sxmgmw'' As - n ] fw si.- ]n. bpss ""AJn-emfi afiew AWn-bn-s m-cp n'' F o Km\- ßƒ ske enãn Dƒs - Sp-Ø-W-sa v apjy-a-{ n v \nth- Z\w \ ti- -Xm-sW pw ]dbp-i-bp- m-bn. AXv s]mxptbmkw AwKo-I-cn- p. Cu thzn-bn {]kn kmln-xy-im-c 2018 Xs Xs "]qpyw' F t\mh-en\v Xne-I kvamci Iem kmln Xy Ahm Uv, D q Iem kmw kvim-cni Ahm Uv F n-h-iƒ v A l-\m-ip-ibpw snbvx chn-h Ω Xºp-cms\ s]m m-s bpw ]pc-kv m-chpw \ In BZcn- p. chn-h Ω Xºp-cm DZvLm- S\ {]`m-j-w-øn Xs cn-\- I-sf- n hnh-cn- p-i-bp- m-bn. {Xn-b-cpsS BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\- ßƒ ad- -cp-sx pw Ah Xo bmbpw XpS-c-W-sa pw At±lw DZvt_m-[n- n- p. bix-i-co-c-\mb tkmz-h Ω Xºp-cms (Im-cyÿ Xºp-cm ) kvacw mbn IpSpw-_mw-K-ßƒ G s -Sp-Ønb G hpw \ k`m {]h Ø-I- \p Ahm Un\v A l-\mb ap Ime k`m {]h Ø-I-\m-bncp tkma-h Ω (tn Øe ]pø timbn- )sb s]m m-sbpw ]pc-kvim-chpw \ In BZ-cn- p. kwÿm\ h\n-xm-{]-kn-u v Sn.-sI. eoem-_mbn Xºp-cm- nbpss Biw-km-{]-kwKw, IrX- X F n-h-bv p-tijw k`mw-k-ß-fpssbpw Ip n-i-fpssbpw ]cn-]m-sn-iƒ \S- p. A -c-tbmss ktω-f\w ]cnkam-]vxn-bn-se-øn. ]pxnb IΩn nbpss BZy ao nw-kn Cu h jsø HmWmtLm-jhpw IpSpw_ kwk-ahpw ]men-tb- c sim m-c-øn h v 23.9.2018 \S-Øp-hm Xocpam\n- p. 14.6.2018 \ncym-x-\mb k`mwkw chn-h ΩbpsS ac- Wm-\- c I Ω-ßƒ mbn k`bn \n pw Aøm-bncw cq] k lm-b-[-\-ambn \ In. k`mwkw {ioip-amcn h Ω-bpsS aiƒ {iotzhn h Ω-bv v hnzym-`ymk klm-b-ambn Ata-cn- -bn-ep {Xnb Iq mbva ap -Øn- A-øm bncw cq] \ In. k`-bpss hmb- \-ime XpS pw {]h Øn- phm Bcw-`n- p. ti{μk`-bpss ao nw-kp-i-fn {]kn-u v, sk{i- -dn, tpm. sk {I- -dn, h\nxm sk{i- dn F nh kpo-h-ambn ]s -Sp-Øph-cp- p. ssh w F m amkhpw `c-w-k-anxn tbmk-ßƒ IqSp- p- v. CØ-h- WsØ ti{μ-`-c-w-k-anxn tbmk- Øn\v BXnYyw hln- Xv ssh w D]-k-`-bm-Wv. ti{μ-k- `-bpss sk kkv {]h Ø-\- Øn In n-bn-s-tømfw IpSpw-_- ß-fpsS ÿnxn-hn-hc IW- p-ifpss Un.- n.-]n. ]q Øn-bm-bn.

hnti-j-x-iƒ \ma am{x-amb hcn-kwjy hcn-kwjy ]cn-jv cn v {]Xn-amkw 10 cq]-bm- n. Ip n-iƒ p {]txyi ]cn-k-w\ Ip n-iƒ v hnjp-ss -\o w G s -Sp-Øn. s]mxp-tbmk ]cn-jv mcw s]mxp-tbm-k-øn\v (3 amkw IqSp-tºmƒ) kn nwkv ^okv \S- n hcp-øn. " m{x-kv]-μ\' hcn-kw- Jybpw hnx-c-whpw IpSn-»nI hcm-xn-cn- m\pw t]mã XI-cm Hgn-hm- m-\pambn " m{x-kv]-μ\w' 35 FÆw t\cn v hmßn hnx-cww snøp- p. ssen-t^m Ub-d-IvSdn G hpw HXp-ßn-bXpw kuicy-{]-z-hp-amb ssen-t^m Ubd-IvSdn D m n kup-\y-ambn hnx-cww snbvxp. ^ v kam-l-cwcoxn ]en-i-c-lnx hmbv]-bn-eqss ^ v kam-l-cww hnp-b-i-cam- n. _nkn-\ v _nkn-\ v Bcw-`n- p. Iºyq- dpw t^mt m-ãm v sajo\pw hmßn. hni-k\ {]{In-bIƒ _nkn-\ v hcp-am-\-øn \n pw 24 πmãniv Itk-cIƒ hmßn- p. hmbv] Xncn- -Shv kpxm-cy-am- ]eni clnx hmbv]-bpss Xncn- -Shv t{]m m-l\ kωm-\- tømss {]mtbm-kn-i-am- n-s m- n-cn- p- p. AjvSan BtLmjw ssh sø G hpw {]m[m- \y-a ln- p "AjvSankZy' c p h jambn hn]p-e-amb coxnbn ssh -Ø- s A\p-{K-l- Øm \S-Øn-s m- n-cn- p- p. Icn-sh- q {]h Ø\ dnt m v G{]n 2018 bqwn v FIvkn-Iyp- ohv IΩn n tbmkw 08.4.2018\v {]kn- U ns hk-xn-bn sh v \S- p. tbmk-øn hn.-fw. Zmtam- Z-c kzmkxw ]d- p. {]kn- U v ]n.-fw. kp{_- -Wy A y- X hln tbmk-øn sk{i- dn Sn.-Fw. {ioip-am dnt m v hmbn- p. XpS v IpSpw_ Ub-d-IvS-dn, a p kwl- S\m Imcy-ßƒ F o hnj-b-ßfn N \S- p. Ub-d-IvS-dnbpsS {]h Ø\ ]ptcm-kxn hne-bn-cpøn ]c-am-h[n ]ckyw AwK-ß-fn \n pw tij-cn- m Xocp-am-\n- p. AwK-ßfpsS hnhn[ kwi-b-ßƒ v sk- {I- dn hni-zo-i-cww \ In. tbmk-øn h e kp{_- - Wy \μn ]d- p. tbmkw 5 awn v Ah-km-\n- p. sabv 2018 13.5.2018\v {]kn-u ns hk- Xn-bn sh v tn {]h Ø- I-k-anXn tbmk-øn kn.-si. cml-h kzmkxw ]d- p. {]kn-u v ]n.-fw. kp{_- - Wy A y- X hln- p. sk{i- dn Sn.-Fw. {ioip-am dnt m v Ah-X-cn- n p kwkm-cn- p. IpSpw_ Ub-d-IvSdn {]h Ø\ ]ptcm-kxn sk{i- dn hni-zo-i-cn- p. IpSpw_ hnh-cßƒ an -hmdpw tij-cn p Ign- -Xmbpw ]ckyw ]c-am-h[n tij-cn p hcp- -Xmbpw F.- si.-si. DWn-Øncn tbmk-øn hni-zo-i-cn- p. XpS p \S N -bn kn. am[-h, C.Fw. IrjvWIp-am, F.-]n. _me- Ir-jvW, kn.-si. {io[c h Ω, kn.-si. cml-h F nh ]s - Sp-Øp. si.-c. _n\p \μn ]d- p. tbmkw 4 awn v Ah-km- \n- p. "IpSpw_ Ub-d-IvSdn 2018' {]Imi\w snbvxp {Xn-b-t -a-k` Icn-sh- q bqwn v ]pxp-xmbn Xømdm- nb "IpSpw_ Ub-d-IvSdn 2018' kwÿm\ `mc-hm-ln-i-fp-ss bpw bqwn v saº am-cp-ssbpw km n- y-øn 9.6.18\v kw ÿm\ {]kn-u v s{]m^. si.- F. kptc-{μ-\my h Ω, " m{x-kv]-μ\w' No^v FUn- dpw "REACT' snb t]-gvkwpw IqSn-bmb tum. Fw. efn-xmw- _ni v (Xn-cp-h-\- -]p-cw) BZy tim n \ In {]Im-i\w sn bvxp. bqwn v {]kn-u v ]n.-fw. kp{_- -Wy A y- X hln tbmk-øn sk{i- dn Sn.-Fw. {ioip-am IpSpw_ Ub- Ub-d-IvSdn {]Im-i\w Pqsse 2018 63

d-ivsdnbpss {]h Ø-\hpw bqwn- ns Ign 15 h jsø {]h Ø-\hpw {]Xn-]m-Zn- p hni-z-amb dnt m v Ah-X-cn- n v kwkm-cn- p. XpS v 2017,18 h j-ß-fn Fkv.-F-kv.-F.- kn. ]co- -bn F m hnj-bßƒ pw A+ t\sn hnp-bn kpi\y lco-{μ & Sn.-Fw. ]pjv]-h n sht d, PnjvWp, S/o si.-c. am[-h & F.-sI. kvanx, {iolcn, S/o F.-Fw. ]hn-{x-n-{μ & si.-si. _nμp Icn-sh- q F n-h v Iymjv Ahm Upw k n-^n- pw kwÿm\ {Sj-d B. cmah Ω (hn-p-b ) hnx-cww snbvxp. XpS v ap kwÿm\ {]kn-u p-am-cmb si.-kn. am\- h Ω-cmP (\ote-izcw), ]n.pn. iin-ip-amc h Ω (Xncp-h-\- - ]pcw), kw-ÿm\ tpmbn v sk{i- -dn B. chn-h Ω (Fd- Wm-Ipfw), bq-wn- v c m-[n-im-cn hn.-fw. Zmtam-Z-c (A q ) F n-h Biwkm{]kwKw \S- Øn. tbmk-øn F.-sI.-sI. DWn-Øncn kzmk-xhpw kn. am[- h \μnbpw ]d- p. {ioi-wvtm-]pcw bqwn v {]h Ø\w Bcw-`n p IÆq Pn -bn s {ioi- WvTm-]p-cw, \Sp-hn, F -cn- n, tnsn-t -cn, Nqfn-bm-Sv, Ccn- q `mk-ß-fn Xma-kn- p-h-cp- kma- - -{Xnb IpSpw-_-ßƒ HØp-tN v {ioi-wvtm-]pcw Bÿm-\-ambn {Xn-b-t -ak-`-bpss ]pxnb bqwn- v Bcw- `n- p. 120 t] bqwn- n AwK- Xz-sa-Sp-Øn- p- v. " m{x-kv]- μ\w' ss{xamkn-i v 20 hcn- msc tn Øp. {ioi-wvtm-]pcw tdmb HmUn-t mdn-b-øn sh v 26.5.18\v tn tbmk- Øn kwÿm\ sshkv {]kn- U v Sn.-Fw. {ioip-am \ne-hnf v simfpøn bqwn- - ns Hu]- Nm-cn-I-amb DZvLm-S\w \n Δln- p. si.-]n. tii-h amã {]kn- U pw Fkv.-sI. cm[m-ir-jvw sk{i- -dnbpw F-kv.-sI. thwptkm-]m {Sj-d-dp-ambn sxcs -Sp- -s - p. Fkv.-sI. Ip n-cm-a \mb-\msc bqwn v c m-[n-im-cn-bmbn sxc-s -Sp- Øp. 15 AwK FIvkn-Iyp- ohv IΩn- nbpw \ne-hn h p. ] fw ] fw bqwn v FIvkn-Iyq- ohv IΩn- n s^{_p-hcn 18, am v 31, sabv 7 Xob-Xn-I-fn \S- p. Cu Ime-b-f-hn \sω hn p-]n-cn ] fw sim p-sim- m-cøn hnimjw Xncp-\mƒ Cμn-cm-h Ω Xºp-cm nbpss hntbmkw sim mcw IpSpw-_mw- K-ßƒ pw kl-{]-h Ø-I pw Xocm-\jvSw Xs -bm-bn-cp- p. ] fw sim mcw \n ΔmlI kwlw {Sj-d Bbn-cp- p. ] fw {Xnbk`-bpsS tpmbn v sk{i- dn tpymxnh Ω-bpsS A Fw.-B. cmah Ω-bpsS (Ip- n-e- n ]Sn- m-td-søp timbn- ) \ncym- W-Ønepw A\p-tim-N\w tcjs -Sp-Øn. 17.2.2018 IqSnb IΩ-n nbn AwKXz ^okv, m{x-kv]- μ\w hcn-kwjy F n-h-bpss ]ncnhv ]q Øn-bm- n-b-xmbn {]kn-u v Adnbn p. XpS v h\n-xm-hn-`mkw {]h Ø-\-ß-sf- p-dn v IΩn- n-bn {]txyi N \S-Øn. h\nxm hn`m-k- Øns Nn n hnp-b-i-c-ambn ]q Øn-bm- n. Ic- pdw {]h Ø\ dnt m v G{]n Pq 2018 Ic- pdw {Xn-b-k-`-bpsS G{]n amk-ønse IpSpw_ kwkaw 2018 G{]n 1 \v k`m {]kn-u v si. lcn-ir-jvwh Ω-bpsS A y- -X-bn k`ma-μn-c-øn \S p. Xncp-h- \- -]pcw {ionn{x C Ãn- yq v Hm^v saun- kb knse _tbm saun- hn`mkw ta[mhn tum. ]n.-b. lcn- Ir-jvW-h Ω "Ir{Xna Ah-b-hß-fpsS km y-x-ifpw k o Æ- X-Ifpw' F hnj-bsø kw_- n p \S-Øp {]`m-j-w-am-bncp- p BZyw. Ir{Xna lrzb hm hp-i-fpw Ir{Xna F p-ifpw kw_- n- mwv {][m-\-ambpw kmkm-cn- -Xv. Ir{Xna lrzb hm hp-ifpw F p-i-fpw a pw {]Z in- n- p-sim- v hfsc efn- X-amb `mj-bn A\ fw {]hln {]`m-jww lrzyhpw AXy w Adnhp ]I-cp- Xpw Bbncp- p. Hmtcm ]pxnb I p-]n-sp- Ø-ßƒ pw ]n n {]h Øn p imkv{x- -cpss h j-ßƒ \o p-\n p _u n-ihpw am\-kn-ihpamb AXy- zm-\-øn-s bpw ]ncn-ap-dp- -ß-fp-sSbpw hnh-c-w-ßƒ F m-h pw ]pxnb Adn-hp-Iƒ ]I p. Hcp awn- q-tdmfw \o {]`m-j-w-øn-\p-tijw AwK-ß-fpsS XpS-sc-bp tnmzy-ßƒ v bp n-k-l-amb adp-]-sn-iƒ \ In. ticfm Kh sa ns h{p- Pq-_nen s^t m-jn- n\v A l- \mb B.-F.-hn. kptzhv h Ωbv v Ic- pdw {Xn-b-k-`bpsS A\p-tam-Z\w Bbn-cp- p ASpØ ]cn-]m-sn. k Δ-I-em-ime-bn c mwdmt mss a±-f- Øn Fw.-F. t\sn-sb-spø kptzhv h Ω hf p-h-cp Hcp Iem-Im-c-\m-Wv. IY-Ifn a±-f- Ønepw ] -hm-zy-ønepw hensbmcp hmkvzm-\-am-sw p kptzhv h Ω CXn-\Iw Xs sxfn-bn p Ign- n-cn- p- p. apø- -\mb _me-cma h Ω bpss ]q Æ ]n pw-tbmss 64 Pqsse 2018

- Iem-tem-I-Øns Hmtcm ]Sn bpw Nhn n Ib-dp kptzhv h Ω v A\p-tam-Z-\-Øns Hcmbncw ]qs - piƒ kωm-\n- p- -txm-ssm w k`-bpss Hcp ^e- Ihpw kωm-\n- p. A\p-_- -ambn ]n.-si. cho- {μ-h Ω, si.-f.-f-kv. h Ω, chn-h Ω cmpm XpS-ßn-b-hcpw kwkm-cn- p. at\m-l-chpw hkvxp-xm-]- chpw Bi-b-k-ºp-jvS-hp-amb {]`m-jww \ap- mbn Ah-X-cn- n tum. ]n.-b. lcn-ir-jvwh Ω v Ic- pdw {Xnb-k-`bpsS AssIX-h-amb IrX- X tcj-s -Sp-Øn. sshin v 6.30 HmsS IpSpw_kwKaw Ahkm-\n- p. XpS v tic-f-hnemkw timhn-e-iøp ssiepm h Ω-bpsS hi-bmbn \S kmbm k mc-øn-\p-ti jw GI-tZiw 7.30 HmsS ]cn- ]msn Ah-km-\n- p. 2018 sabv 30-\v ]cn-a-w-øpa-t-øn cmtpizcn h Ω lr t{zm-k-_m-[sb XpS p AIme-Øn \sω hn p-]n-cn- p. Ic- pdw {Xn-b-k` ihkw kv mc NS-ßp-Iƒ Dƒs ss F m BNm-c-{I-a-ßfpw hn[n -{]-Imcw Gs -SpØp \S-Øn. hm jni ktω-f\w Ic- p-dw {Xn-b-k`-bpsS 65- mw hm jni ktω-f\w 2018 Pq 15 sh n-bmgvn k`m-a-μnc-øn h v kap-nn-x-ambn BtLm-jn- p. cmhnse 9.45\v ]XmI Db Ø-en-\p-tijw 10.15\v hm jni ktω-f\w Bcw-`n- p. Ipam-cn- \b\m h Ω-bpsS Cuizc- {]m \bv ptijw Akn. sk{i- dn ssiepm [t\jv h Ω kzmkxw Biw-kn- p. {]h Ø\ Ime-L- -Øn \sω hn p-]n-cn Ic- p-dsø {Xn b IpSpw-_m-wK-ß-fpsS Bflm- hn\p \nxy-im n mbn F mhcpw tn v au\-{]m \ \S- Øn. {Xnb t a-k-`bpss kwÿm\ A y- s{]m^. kptc-{μ-\my h Ω `{Z-Zo]w simfpøn D Lm-S\w snbvx- Xn-\p-tijw k`sb A`n-kwt_m-[\ snbvxp kwkm-cn- p. si. lcn-ir-jvw-h Ω Xs A y- {]kw-k-øn k`bpss XpS p {]bm-w-øn Hmtcm AwKhpw hln-t ] ns\ Ipdn p {]txyiw Hm Ωn- n- p. kwÿm\ P\-d sk{i- dn BflPm h Ω Xºpcms apjy-{]-`m-jww AXoh lrzyhpw BI j-ihpw A høpw Bbn-cp- p. kmap-zm-bn-iamb sfiyhpw si p-d pw Ime- L- -Øns A\nhm-cyXbm sw v DZvt_m-[n- n- Xp IqSm sx hy n-]-c-amb tzzj-ßƒ kwl-s-\-bpss hf sb {]Xn- Iq-e-ambn _m[n- -Ø coxnbn hf Ø-cp-sX pw hfsc kc-k-ambn Hm Ωn- n- p. sk{i- dn ambm-h Ω-bpsS A`m-h-Øn Akn. sk{i- dn ssiep [t\jv h Ω hm m{x-kv]μ\w jni dnt m pw chn h Ω cmpm 31.03.2018 hsc-bp IW- p- Ifpw Ah-X-cn- n- p. k` sfi- IWvtTy\ dnt m pw IW- p- Ifpw AwKo-I-cn- p. _me-ti-c-f-h Ω Biw-km- {]-kw-k-tøm-ssm w k` ]pxp- Xmbn hmßnb D -`m-jnwn D Lm-S\w snøp-ibpw sn bvxp. D -`m-jnwn hmßp- Xn\p kw`m-h-\-iƒ snbvx _me-ti-cf h Ω, ]n.-si. cho{μ h Ω, chn h Ω cmpm, Fw. B. thwp-tkm-]m, at\mpv h Ω, tzhn at\mpv h Ω, lcn-irjvw h Ω, ambm-h Ω F n-hsc \μn-]q hw kvacn- p- p. _me-cm-a-h Ω Xs Biwkm-{]-kw-K-Øn Nne {][m\ \n t±-i-ßƒ Ah-X-cn- n- p. ti{μk`-bpss simsn- o-gn Ccp-]-Xn-e-[nIw bqwn- p-iƒ {]h Øn- p- p- v. bqwn- p-i-fpssbpw ti{μ-k-`-bp-ssbpw \nb am-h-en-iƒ GIo-I-cn- m DS {ia-ßƒ Bcw-`n- -W-sa- -Xm-bncp p Hcp {][m\ \n t±-iw. bqwn- p-i-fn \n p {]Xn-\n- [n-i-fn \n pw kwÿm\ `mchm-ln-isf sxc-s -Sp- p coxn XpS-cp-tºmƒ, ti{μ-k-`-bpssbpw bqwn- p-i-fp-ssbpw Imemh[n GIo-I-cn- mø ] w AXp `c-w-l-s\m {]Xn-k n p hsc ImcWw Btb- mw F -t±lw Nq n- m- n. {]h Ø\ Ime-L- -Øn k`bv p- mb DW hv XpS pw \ne- \n Ø-W-a- p cho-{μ-h Ω Biw-k-I-tfm-sSm w Hm Ωn- n- p. \ΩpsS kzp\ ]utcmln Xyw \ne-\n Øp- -Xn\p \Ωƒ {]Xn- m-_- -cm-i-w-sa pw Ct m-gp A]m-I-X-Iƒ ]cn-lcn- m \mw ap ssi FSp-t - -Xm-sW pw [t\jv h Ω \n t±-in- p. tzhn at\mpv h ΩbpsS Biw-km-{]-kwKw hfsc lrzyhpw sshim-cn-ihpw Bbn- Pqsse 2018 65

cp- p. \ΩpsS Ip n-iƒ v hnt\m- Z-ßƒ p-]cn Ah-cpsS hmk-\- I-tfbpw {]Xn-`-I-tfbpw t]mjn- n- p- -Xn-\p thzn IqSn-bmbn k` {]h Øn- p- p- v F Xv Hcp {]txy-i-x-bmbn Nq n- m- n. \Ωp-sS hm jn-im-tlm-j-ßfn ]s -Sp- m _wkfq-cphn \n pw ]d-s -Ønb iio-{μh Ω BiwkItfm-sSm w k`bv v kz -am-sbmcp t]mun bw hmßp- -Xn-\p kw`mh\bpw Dd- m- n. hnzym n- Iƒ m-bp kvtimf jn- p- Iƒ Ic-ÿ-am- nb Nn{Xm-h Ω, A\ ni h Ω, {ioe van h Ω, Kncn-[ - Fw. h Ω F nh v ZmXm- -fmb chn h Ω cmp, iio{μ h Ω, [t\iv h Ω F nhcpw k`-bv pth n {]kn-u pw kvtimf jn- p-iƒ hnx-cww snbvxp. "I ji {]Xn-`'-bv mbn lcn-irjvw-h Ω G s -Sp-Ønb Ahm Uv, tpxm-hmb ]n.-si. cho-{μ-h Ωbv v kωm-\n- p. AXn-\p-tijw sxc-s -Sp v Bbn-cp- p. F. DZ-b-h Ω Ah- X-cn- n ]m\ s]mxp-tbm-kw GI-I-WvT-ambn AwKo-I-cn- p. A{]-Imcw \n Δm-lIkan-Xn-bnte v _me-cmah Ω, _me-ticf h Ω, ]n.-si. cho-{μ-h Ω, chn-h Ω cmpm, si. lcn-irjvw-h Ω, ssiepm h Ω, tzho at\mpv h Ω, cam sp. h Ω, ssiepm [t\jv h Ω, ambm h Ω, Pb-e van h Ω F n-h-tcbpw D]-cn-k-`-bn-tebv p {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fmbn si.- F.-F-kv. h Ω, Fw.-B. thwp-tkm-]m F n-h-tcbpw hmc-\msv t {X {]Xn-\n-[n-Ifmbn BNmcy Znt\iv h Ω, [\q]v h Ω F n-h-tcbpw sxcs -Sp-Øp. Cμncm-h Ω-bpsS IrX- -X-bv p-tijw tziob Km\m-em-]-tØmsS ktω-f\w Ah-km-\n- p. hb-em APnXv h Ω Hcp- nb D -`- Ww kzmzn-jvs-am-bn-cp p. AtXmsSm w \S kwbp IΩn- nbn {]kn-u mbn si. lcn-irjvw-h Ω-sbbpw sshkv {]kn- U mbn cam sp h Ω-tbbpw sk{i- -dn-bmbn Pb-e van h Ωtbbpw Akn. sk{i- -dn-bmbn ssiepm [t\jv h Ω-tbbpw sxc-s -Sp-Øp. sh m-c- n-ffn sh m-c- n n {Xn-b-k-`bp-sSbpw timbn- t {X kan-xn-bp-ssbpw kwbp- m-`n-ap- Jy-Øn G{]n 27\v F p {Xnb Ipam-c am-cpss D]-\- b\w timbn- t {Xm- -W- Øn h v \S-Øn. si.-pn. clphn-s bpw hnp-b-e- van-bp-ssbpw ]p{x tkm]m Ir-jvW, si.- si. cmpo-h-t bpw ambm-h Ω-bpsSbpw ]p{x am \n[ojv h Ω, \ocpv h Ω, kptc-jn-t bpw arvpp-hn-t bpw ]p{x \h-\oxv h Ω, kp[o{μ h Ω-bp-sSbpw ic-wy-bp-ssbpw ]p{x kqcy- PnØv h Ω, cmtp-{μ-t bpw _o\-bp-tsbpw ]p{x Bem]v h Ω, chn-bp-tsbpw kn p-hnt bpw ]p{x {iocm-a-h Ω, {]k- -Ip-am-dn-t bpw {iohn-zy-bpssbpw ]p{x Bem]v h Ω F n-h-cpss D]-\-b-\hpw kamh Ø-\-hp-am-Wv \S-Øn-b-Xv. Xr q-wn-øpd txm -bv msv IrjvW \ºq-Xn-cn-bm-bn-cp p Hmbv. D]-\-b-\-Ønepw XpS v \S-Ønb kzy-bnepw A q-dn-e-[niw Bfp-Iƒ ]s - Sp-Øp. sh m-c- n n hs-t -timhnei-øv {]-tz-in-s bpw {iopbp-ssbpw timhn-e-iøv \n Ωn ]pxnb `h-\-øns Krl- {]-thiw G{]n 22\v `wkn-bmbn \S p. sh m-c- n n timbn- at-øn hnt\m-zn-s bpw ARvPp-hn-s bpw timbn- Xd-hm p ]d-ºn \n Ωn ]pxnb `h-\-øns Krl-{]- thiw G{]n 27\v \S- p. hm jn-ihpw HmWm-tLm-jhpw sh m-c- n- n {Xn-b k`bpss hm jn-ihpw HmWm-tLmjhpw sk]v w-_ 10\v \S-Øphm Xocp-am-\n- p. {]ikvx hnpbw ssakq bqwn-th-gvkn- nbn \n v Db am t mss Fw.- _n.-_n.fkv. _ncpzw Ic-ÿam- nb \oxp-h Ω. Icn-sh- q \q -bn Ingt at- Øn ]c-ta-izch Ω-bp-tS bpw kmhn{xn h Ω-bp-tSbpw ai-fm-wv. 66 Pqsse 2018

Ncaw Ip n-cm-a-h Ω simspß- q timhn-e-isø Cfb Xºp-cm Ip- n-cma h Ω (93) Xr q-wn-øpd-bn A -cn- p. Xr q-wn-øpd Ingt hen-b-x-ºpcm timhn-e-iøv kxo-cxv\w Xºpcm\mWv `mcy. a ƒ: Da, cay. e van- p n timhn-eω adn-b- n sim m-c-øn ]tc-x-\m b Fw. DZ-b-h Ω-cm- P-bpsS `mcy e van- p n timhn-eω (k-c-f 92)Znhw-K- Xbm-bn. a ƒ: iin-ie h Ω, N{μnI h Ω, cmtp{μ h Ω (dn-. Fkv.F-kv; sf.- n.-sf; sk{i- -dn, {Xn-b-t -a-k-`, simc n), APnXv h Ω (tã-j kq{]- v, sdbn th, tim -bw; {]kn-u v, {Xnbt a-k` tim -bw) cam-`mbn h Ω, {ioie h Ω (Su πm\nwkv Hm^o-kv, Xncp-h-\- -]p-cw) acp-a- ƒ: Znhw-K-X-\mb cmp- N-{μ-tZhv (_n.-f-kv.-f.-f ) tum. F.-]n. h Ω (sa-un- Hm^o-k, F.-F.-Pn. s]t{sms\- v, sim n), ssiep h Ω (km-{ºn-, simc- n), Aw _ni h Ω (h-eyøp timhn-e- Iw, sn n-ø-e), \μ h Ω (Xr q-wn-øpd), kn.-b. \mcmb-w ] me (eo-k k hokv sk{i- -dn, s\øm- n I-c) Fw.-sI. sim -\n-b Xncpap msv Xr q-wn-øpd hss amfntb- at-ønse Fw.-sI. sim -\nb Xncp-ap msv (90) (dn-. ticfm tã v Ce-Iv{Sn-kn n t_m Uv)Xncp-h-\- - ]p-cøv A -cn- p. `mcy: ssh w hst at-ønse cmpe van \ºnjvSm-Xn-cn. aiƒ: si.-b. KncnPm tzhn. acp-a-i : kn.- si. cmp Xºp-cm. B.-sI. h Ω Xr q-wn-øpd tim -ap v ]mekn (]m-ekv \º 45) B.-sI.h Ω (cm-p- Xºpcm 82) A -cn- p. `mcy: Ipamcn h Ω. (] Øv sim m-cw) a ƒ: ARvP\ h Ω (So-, `h kv, Kncn-\-K ), bap\ h Ω (So-, dnss^-\dn kviqƒ) acp-a- ƒ: Im ØnIv h Ω, cmpohv tat\m. h -e-ip-amcn sim n cmp-ip- Spw-_mwKw tic-fh Ω sim - Xºp-cms `mcy Xncp-h- n- pfw Ach- n h -e-ipamcn (73) A -cn- p. tem Uv IrjvW _m v dn. amt\-p-cm-wv. a ƒ: A\n, aoc, Dam-i-. acp-a- ƒ: tpymxn-e- van, Pb-cm-Pv, kn p. tkmz-h Ω Xncp-h ssi pg timbn- atw Fw.-B. tkmz-h Ω (70) \ncym-x-\m-bn. `mcy: Xr q-wn-øpd timbn- awkf at-øn si. X -a- Wn. a ƒ: Znhy, Zo]-Iv. acp-a- ƒ: {]`m-xv, tcmjv\n. B.- Ir-jvW-h Ω tn Øe tasbn timhn-e-imw Khpw sim Ø SnsF B Uv Fw ap DtZym-K ÿ\p m{x-kv]μ\w amb B. IrjvW-h Ω (78) Xncp-h-\- -]p-cøv \ncym-x-\m-bn. `mcy: tn Øe amfni timhn-e- IØv imc-zm-awn (dn-. A u vkv Hm^o-k. si.-f-kv.-c.- _n) a ƒ: hnthiv h Ω (bp- F-kv), hnzym h Ω (bp-f-kv). acp-a- ƒ: caym h Ω, at\mpv Ipam h Ω. Atamjv h Ω Xriq At cn IÆmSn timhn-e- IØv taml Zmkv si. h Ω-bp-sSbpw Xpfn-ime timbn- tim`\ h Ω-bp-sSbpw ai apwss_ si.-]n.-fw.-pn. Ub-d-IvS Atamjv h Ω (34) \ncym-x-\m-bn. A\m-anI h Ω Xr q-wn-øpd Kh sa v tkƒkv kviqfn\p kao]w "`qani-'bn A\n h Ω-bp-sSbpw DjmtZ-hn-bp-sSbpw aiƒ A\m-anI h Ω (17) \ncym-xbmbn. Xr q-wn-øpd Nn ab hnzym-e-b-ønse πkv Sp hnzym n-\n-bm-wv. tum. taml-\-n-{μ _wkfpcp lnμv ssl hmizw sshkv {]kn-u v simsp-ß- q Nndbv timhn-e- IsØ tum. taml- \-N-{μ (63) \ncym- X-\m-bn. `mcy: ]q Wna (kn-.c.- H. GI-e- y) a ƒ: lcn-taml, BcXntaml. Cμn-cm-h Ω ] fw sim p sim m-c Øn Cμn-cm-h Ω (55) A -cn- p. Bd- pf sim m-c-øn kptc-{μ-h Ω-bpsS `mcy-bmwv. a ƒ: A`n-\-hv h Ω, A -bv Pqsse 2018 67

h Ω. ] fw sim mcw \n Δm-l-IkwLw {Sj-d, Aø- -\-K dkn- U vkv Atkm-kntb-j sshkv {]kn-u v, aln-fm-hn-`mkw {]kn- U v F o \ne-i-fn {]h Øn- n- p- v. AUz. si. \μ-ip-amc h Ω kn.-]n.-sf. ap Nme- psn afiew sk{i- -dnbpw Pn m IΩn n AwK-hp-amb AUz. si. \μ-ipamc h Ω (49) A -cn- p. Pn m ] m-bøv ap AwK-hpwsImc n k hokv kl-i-c-w- _m v `c-w-k-an-xn-bw-k-hp-am-wv. simc n kzcq-]-øn {kmºn- at-øn ]tc-x-\mb Ip -\p-p Xºp-cms ai-\m- Wv. `mcy: A\p-]a h Ω. a ƒ: e vanh Ω, sfizcy h Ω. sim -ΩnWn Xºp-cm Xriq hnthtim-zbw ssl kviqƒ ap A[ym- ]-I ]tc-x-\mb IrjvW \ºq-Xn-cn- m-sns `mcy hn Sw Kh sa v sslkviqƒ dn tb Uv A[ym-]n-Ibpw Xr q-wn- Øpd Ip Xºp-cm timhn-e- Imw-K-hp-amb Xriq tim - pdw "hrμm-h-\'-øn sim -ΩnWn Xºp-cm (78) snss -bn \ncym-x-bm-bn. a ƒ: hrμm-tzhn (tim- - p-dw, Xriq ), kp\-μmtzhn (sn-ss ) acp-a-i : hnjvwp (sn-ss ). ticf h Ω sim - Xºp-cm Xr q-wn-øpd timhn-eisø (]mekv \º 10) ticf-h Ω sim - Xºp-cm (80) A cn- p. `mcy: Xriq Ipa-c-]pcw timhn-e-iøv sim p-ip n Xºpcm n (dn-. A[ym-]n-I, ^mivsv). a ƒ: kwko-xm-h Ω (ayq-kniv Ub-d-IvS, BIm-i-hmWn sim n F^v.-Fw. sdbn t_m), hmwn-h Ω (te-k {Km^n-Ivkv, Fd-Wm-Ip-fw). acp-a- ƒ: Sn.-sI. cmtpjv Ipam h Ω (πm v en nuvkv ss{]h v enan- -Uv, timet cn), A\n Ip-am h Ω (k-d^v t{sunw-kv, sim n). at\m-ca Xºp-cm n Xncp-h ]men-tb c ]Sn msd sim m-c-øn at\m-ca Xºp-cm n (89) Xncp-h-\- -]pcøv A -cn- p. ` Øm-hv: Bd- pf hst sim mc-øn ]tc-x-\mb DZ-b-h Ω cmp. a ƒ: taml-\-h Ω (dn-. amt\-p, tim -td-j _m v), Xncp-h-\- -]pcw {Xnb-t -a-k` h\n-xm-hn-`mkw {]kn-u v tim`\ h Ω (dn-. kb n-ãv, kn -Um- v), kpioe h Ω. acp-a- ƒ: arvppf h Ω, (Im-Ø-enIv kndn-b _m v), A\n-b cmp (dn-. Izmfn n I t{smƒ Hm^o-k, F^v.-kn.-sF.), IrjvW-Ip-amc h Ω (dn-. ]n.- B Uv Sn. DtZym-K-ÿ ). ktcm-pn\n Xºp-cm n (sim- q- n) Iogv-hm-bv q Cf-anse timhn-e-iøv ktcm-pn\n Xºpcm n (sim- q- n 83) \ncym-x-bm-bn. Ahnhm-ln-X-bm-bn-cp- p. DZb h Ω, am Øm fi h Ω, X w, C.- si. efn-xmw-_n-i (Xncp-h-\- -]pcw {Xnb t a-k` h\n-xm-th-znbpss ap sk{i- -dn)- F n-h ktlm-z-c-ßfmwv. N{μnI h Ω IÆq Nnd-bv timhn-e- IØv N{μn-I-h Ω (64) \ncym-xbm-bn. ]q m Im nc-an w sim mc-øn ]n.-b. Atim-I-h Ω cmpbmwv ` Øm-hv. aiƒ: Aw_nI h Ω (A- ym-]n-i, Nnd-bv cmpmkv lb sk dn kv qƒ). acpa-i : Kncojv h Ω (_m-ept»cn timhn-e-iw). F. B. chnh Ω Xºpcm ]tcxcmb ]cnbmcøp timbn (Iogvhmbv]qcv) cm Lhh ΩbptSbpw, ASpw]pdØp tim bn X Ω Xºp cm nbptsbpw (Fgpa q ) ai N. R. chnh Ω Xºp cm (58) \ncym-x- \m-bn. `mcy: tcwpi`mbn (hs pwiq ]me v, IS\mSv). a ƒ N.R. canøv h Ω, N.R. cpnøv h Ω. cmp-e van \ºn-jvSm-Xncn ssh w hst at-øn cmp-e van \ºn-jvSm-Xncn (88) Xncp-h\- -]pcøv A -cn- p. aiƒ: si.-b. Kncn-Pm-tZhn (dn-. sluvan-kv{s-kv). acpa-i :kn.-si. cmp Xºp-cm (dn-. si t{sm ). e van B. h Ω Xr q-wn-øpd ]mekv \º 11- ]tc-x-\mb si.-sn. cma-h ΩbpsS `mcy e van B. h Ω (78) A -cn- p. simsp-ß- q ]pø timhneiw IpSpw-_mw-K-am- Wv. a ƒ: ]tc-x-\mb IrjvW- Ip-am, IhnX \mcm-b-w. acpa-i : F. \mcm-b-w. 68 Pqsse 2018