ST. FRANCIS SECONDARY SCHOOL Annual Exam 2017 BIOLOGY

ST. FRANCIS SECONDARY SCHOOL Annual Exam 2017 BIOLOGY NAME: FORM: TIME: 2 Hours Section A: Section A answer ALL questions. This section carries 50 marks. Section B: Section B answer BOTH questions. This section carries 20 marks. Section C: Section C answer ANY 2 questions of your choice. This section carries 30 marks. Section A B C 50 20 30 Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 Flowering plants Bacteria and viruses Animal kingdom Gaseous exchange lungs Comprehension graphs Mark 19 8 9 5 9 10 10 15 15 Page 1 of 16

Section A: This section carries 50 marks. Answer ALL questions. 1. This questions is about Flowering plants in the Plant Kingdom. 1a.Observe the picture below and fill in the labellings by using the words given. (5 marks) Stigma, style, ovary, carpel, anther, stamen, filament, petals, sepals, ovule. A: B: C: D: E: F: G: H: I: J: a. Is this flower a wind or an insect-pollinated flower? Give one reason for your answer. (2 marks) a. The flower belongs to the angiosperm (flowering plants) group. Angiosperms are divided into monocots and dicots. Is this flower a monocot or a dicot? (1 mark) ii. Compare and contrast the monocot and dicot root, leaf and seed structure by drawing in the boxes below. (3 marks) Diagram of: Monocot Dicot Roots Leaf Seed Page 2 of 16

The picture shows part of the leaf structure. Give the annotation of: (5 marks) i. Stomata ii. Palisade layer iii. Waxy cuticle iv. Is the upper epidermis green? Give a reason for your answer. v. What happens to the guard cells in the stomata when they are turgid? b. The picture above does not have the vascular bundles. Name the parts that make up vascular bundles and state their functions? (3 marks) (Total: 19 marks) 2. This question is about Bacteria and Viruses. a. A student wrote: All viruses, and bacteria cause diseases. Explain why the statement is incorrect. (1 mark) b. Give two structural differences between bacteria and viruses. (2 marks) c. Bacteria are living whilst viruses are on the borderline. Explain this statement. (1 mark) Page 3 of 16

d. How do bacteria and viruses reproduce? Draw and name the two types of reproduction? (4 marks) (Total: 8 marks) 3. This question is about the Animal kingdom. Page 4 of 16

a. Observe the picture given above and give one class of organisms that: i. Has feathers: ii. An ectothermic invertebrate: iii. An ectothermic vertebrate: iv. An organism with dry waterproof scales: v. Carry out internal fertilisation: vi. Lay eggs: (3 marks) b. What important characteristic is not found in insects but can be observed in all the other animals shown? (1 mark) c. Label and annotate any four parts you have studied in the insect presented. (2 marks) d. Give the two ways how frogs take in oxygen from the air into their body. (1 mark) e. Give one characteristic of snakes that help them to survive in dry arid areas such as deserts. (1 marks) f. Birds and mammals are the only organisms to be referred to as warm blooded (endotherms) what does this term mean? (1 mark) (Total: 9 marks) Page 5 of 16

4. This question is about the topic gaseous exchange During an experiment, a student used a mouse to investigate aerobic respiration as shown in the diagram below. Lime water Lime water Lime water Mouse Lime water a. Continue the following equation that represents how aerobic respiration occurs: (1 mark) Glucose + oxygen + b. Describe the purpose of lime water in container 1. (1 mark) c. Describe the change you would expect to take place in the lime water in container 4 after 1 hour. Give ONE reason for this change. (1, 1 marks) d. If a plant was used instead of the mouse what change would you carry out to the experiment. (1 mark) (Total: 5 marks) Page 6 of 16

5. This question is about gaseous exchange. The structure below represents the respiratory system in humans. a. Label the following diagram in the boxes provided. (3 marks) Right lung Left lung Diaphragm b. What is the role of the lungs in our body? (1 mark) c. What happens to the air as it goes down the trachea. (1 mark) d. Emphysema is a condition resulting from continuous smoking. State two other problems caused by smoking. (2 marks) Page 7 of 16

e. During exhaling and inhaling the rib cage and the diaphragm play a very important role. What is the function of the ribs and diaphragm? (2 mark) Inhaling Exhaling Rib cage Diaphragm Air goes In Out This section carries 50 marks (Total: 11 marks) Page 8 of 16

Section B: This section carries 20 marks. Answer BOTH questions. Question 1: Read the following passage. Use the text and your own knowledge of Biology to answer the questions that follow. Plants and Life on Earth Plants help the environment (and us!) in many different ways: Plants make food Plants are the only organisms that can convert light energy from the sun into food. And plants produce ALL of the food that animals, including people, eat. Even meat. The animals that give us meat, such as chickens and cows, eat grass, oats, corn, or some other plants. Plants make oxygen One of the materials that plants produce as they make food is oxygen gas. This oxygen gas, which is an important part of the air, is the gas that plants and animals must have in order to stay alive. When people breathe, it is the oxygen that we take out of the air to keep our cells and bodies alive. All of the oxygen available for living organisms comes from plants. Plants provide habitats for animals Plants are the primary habitat for thousands of other organisms. Animals live in, on, or under plants. Plants provide shelter and safety for animals, especially gymnosperms. Plants also provide a place for animals to find other food. As a habitat, plants alter the climate. On a small scale, plants provide shade, help moderate the temperature, and protect animals from the wind. On a larger scale, such as in tropical rainforests, plants actually change the rainfall patterns over large areas of the earth's surface (http://www.mbgnet.net/bioplants/earth.html) a. Plants are the only organisms that can convert light energy from the sun into food. Give the name of the process and explain it? (2 marks) b. Which two vital functions are mentioned in the passage? (1 mark) c. Name the structures (specialised cells) in the roots and branches that allow exchange of gases? (1 mark) d. Food and water are transported from the roots up in the stem via the xylem and phloem of plants. Draw a detailed cross section (labelled and annotated) of a Page 9 of 16

plant stem and clearly show the location and function of xylem and phloem. (3 marks) e. Bryophytes (mosses and liverworts), Pteridophytes (ferns) and gymnosperms (conifers) are all different plants groups. Give the name of a plant group mentioned that: (3 marks) i. Offers the highest amount of shelter and safety to animals? ii. does not have a vascular system iii. contains rhizomes iv. have a spore capsule v. have sori vi. have cones (Total 10 marks) 2. After a visit to the aquarium, students planned an investigation. They set up the apparatus below to study a pondweed carrying out photosynthesis in water. Students counted the number of bubbles released after 5 minutes and recorded the data in the table below. Distance from the light bulb/cm Number of bubbles after 5 minutes 10 37 15 26 20 25 25 16 30 5 a. On the graph paper provided, draw a line graph to represent the number of bubbles produced after 5 minutes (y-axis) varied with distance from the light bulb (x- axis). Use your ruler to join the points on the graph. (6 marks) b. At what distance from the light bulb would 20 bubbles be counted? (1 mark) c. Name the gas represented by the bubbles observed in the tubes. (1 mark) d. Give ONE conclusion from the results obtained. (1 mark) e. How would increasing the size of the light source affect the number of bubbles released? (1 mark) (Total 10 marks) Page 10 of 16

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Section C: This section carries 30 marks. Choose any TWO questions from this section. 1. This question is about mammals and fungi. The platypus is a semi-aquatic mammal. The body and the broad tail of the platypus are covered with dense brown fur. The platypus is a carnivore that feeds on annelid worms, insect larvae and freshwater shrimps. Natural predators of the platypus include snakes, water rats, hawks, owls and eagles. Low platypus numbers in Northern Australia are possibly due to predation by crocodiles. a. From the passage above list: i. one reptile and one crustacean ii. one animal that feeds on platypus. iii. one animal that the platypus feeds on. (2, 1, 1marks) b. Mammals are furry and hairy endothermic vertebrates. i. Give two characteristics of mammals apart from hair or fur. (2 mark) ii. Explain the benefit of having a body covered with fur or hair. (1 mark) c. Apart from predation by crocodiles what other reason might cause a decrease of organisms such as the platypus. (2 marks) d. Some fungi infect the surface layer of the platypus by growing hyphae in the body cells and cause infections. Draw a detailed labelled diagram of a fungus you have studied and explain how this fungus feeds and reproduces. (6 marks) (Total: 15 marks) 2. The question is about insects and their gaseous exchange. The monarch butterfly is a beautiful orange butterfly with black wing tips. It belongs to the same group where ants, ladybirds and butterflies are found. a. Name the phylum and class to which butterflies belong. (2 marks) b. Butterflies collect pollen from flowers. They feed on the pollen and nectar while in flight. (1, 3 mark) i. Name the feature that butterflies utilise to locate and find flowers. Page 12 of 16

ii. Butterflies go from one flower to another to obtain pollen to feed on, to carry out pollination. Explain by using diagrams what pollination is. c. Insects have a complex respiratory system with a large surface area. The diagram shows the features that carry air to the body cells of the organisms. i. Explain how the gas exchange system of an insect ensures that there is a large surface area. (2 marks) ii. Apart from a large surface area, name TWO features that help a respiratory system to be efficient. (2 marks) iii. The trachea is surrounded with rings. Explain their importance. (2 marks) v. Explain the importance of valves surrounding each spiracle. (1 mark) d. Explain using diagrams why diffusion is enough in Amoeba to carry out gaseous exchange. (2 mark) (Total: 15 marks) 3. This question is about classification. Observe the organisms labelled A to D, then answer the questions below. A: B: C: D: a. Use the key below to find the scientific name of Organisms B and D. (2 marks) Page 13 of 16

1. a. Legs present. Go to 2 3. No legs present..... Lumbricus terrestris 2. a. 6 pairs of legs.... Phryneta spinator b. More than 6 pairs of legs.... Go to 3 3. a. Body divided into 2 parts. Latrodectus mactans b. Body divided into many segments. Scolopendra cingulate b. Why are scientific terms used and how should you hand write a scientific name? (1 mark) c. Give the genus and species name of the earthworm. (1 mark) d. Organisms B, C and D all belong to the phylum Arthropods, give the three classes to which they belong. (3 marks) e. Earthworms are referred to annelids. Explain why? (1 mark) f. Name ONE way how earthworms are useful to the environment. (1 mark) g. Give one function of the exoskeleton. (1 mark) h. Explain how these organisms grow in spite of the exoskeleton. (2 marks) i. Some organisms carry out complete metamorphosis. Explain how this happens and give a simple diagram to explain details. (3 marks) (Total: 15 marks) 4. This questions is about biological principles Explain the following statements. State if the statements are true or false and explain their biological principles using diagrams. a. A virus is the simplest type of bacteria. (3 marks) b. All molecules including water enter a cell by diffusion. (3 marks) c. Fish perform respiration using gills while mammals use lungs. (3 marks) d. Gymnosperms (conifers) produce seedless trees. (3 marks) e. Flowering plants (angiosperms) have fruits that protect the seeds (3 marks) (Total: 15 marks) Choose well, write the question number in the spaces below. Good Luck!! Page 14 of 16

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