Searching for Dark Matter Annihilation from Milky Way Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies. Present status and future prospects Aldo Morselli INFN Roma Tor Vergata CTA in the quest for Dark Matter and exotic phenomena Milano, Brera, Cupola a Fiore, June 30 2015 Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 1
Neutralino WIMPs Assume χ present in the Galactic halo χ is its own antiparticle => can annihilate in galactic halo producing gamma-rays, antiprotons, positrons. Antimatter not produced in large quantities through standard processes (secondary production through p + p --> anti p + X) So, any extra contribution from exotic sources (χ χ annihilation) is an interesting signature ie: χ χ --> anti p + X Produced from (e. g.) χ χ --> q / g / gauge boson / Higgs boson and subsequent decay and/ or hadronisation. Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 2
Annihilation channels Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 3
Differential yield for each annihilation channel Quite distinctive spectrum (no power-law) solid lines are the total yields, while the dashed lines are components not due to π 0 decays WIMP mass=200gev A.Cesarini, F.Fucito, A.Lionetto, A.Morselli, P.Ullio, Astroparticle Physics, 21, 267, 2004 [astro-ph/0305075] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 4
Differential yield for b bar for different neutralino mass neutralino mass A.Cesarini, F.Fucito, A.Lionetto, A.Morselli, P.Ullio, Astroparticle Physics, 21, 267-285, 2004 [astro-ph/0305075] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 5
Dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dsph) : promising targets for DM detection Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 6
Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies upper-limits No detection by Fermi with 11 months of data. 95% flux upper limits are placed for several possible annihilation final states. Flux upper limits are combined with the DM density inferred by the stellar data (*) for a subset of 8 dsph (based on quality of stellar data) to extract constraints on < v> vs WIMP mass for specific DM models (*) stellar data from the Keck observatory (by Martinez, Bullock, Kaplinghat) Fermi Coll. ApJ 712 (20) 147-158 [arxiv:01.4531] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 7
Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies combined analysis robust constraints including J-factor uncertainties from the stellar data statistical analysis NFW. For cored dark matter profile, the J-factors for most of the dsphs would either increase or not change much Fermi Lat Coll., PRL 7, 241302 (2011) [arxiv:18.3546] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 8
Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies upper-limits 15 Dwarfs 4-year data 500 MeV to 500GeV M.Ackermann et al., [Fermi Coll.] Phys.Rev.D 89, 042001 (2014)[arXiv:13.0828] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 9
Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies upper-limits (6 years ) 15 Dwarfs 6-year data 500 MeV to 500GeV M.Ackermann et al., [Fermi Coll.] PRL accepted [arxiv:1503.02641] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata
Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies upper-limits (6 years ) M.Ackermann et al., [Fermi Coll.] PRL accepted [arxiv:1503.02641] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 11
Upper limits from AMS antiprotons and Fermi LAT for different halo profiles Jin et al., arxiv:1504.04604 Fermi data from M.Ackermann et al., [Fermi Coll.] PRL accepted [arxiv:1503.02641] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 12
Upper limits from Fermi LAT, Antares, IceCube, Magic IceCube 79 Galactic Center Pamela positron excess positron excess Fermi Lat Dwarfs limit Antares Coll. arxiv:1505.04866 Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 13
Upper limits from Fermi LAT, IceCube, Veritas IceCube 79 Galactic Center Pamela positron excess positron excess Fermi Lat Dwarfs limit IceCube Coll. arxiv:1505.07259 Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 14
Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies upper-limits (6 years ) Astrogam range M.Ackermann et al., [Fermi Coll.] PRL Submitted [arxiv:1503.02641] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 15
2015: An interesting start DES Year 1 Survey Found 8 new dwarf candidates! figure in DES discovery paper LAT Collaboration DES Collaboration agreement Feb 2015 - first joint paper Search for Gamma-Ray Emission from DES Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Candidates with Fermi-LAT Data arxiv:1503.02632 analysis of observations of 8 new Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies found by DES: Bechtol, et al. arxiv:1503.02584 also found by Koposov, et al. arxiv:150302079 16 Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 16
New DES Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Candidates (Reticulum II) A.Drlica-Wagner et al. [Fermi and DES Coll.] ApJ Letters Submitted [arxiv:1503.02632] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 17
New DES Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Candidates Scroll down for video! Based on arxiv:1503.02320 and arxiv:1503.06209 Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 18
New DES Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Candidates A.Drlica-Wagner et al. [Fermi and DES Coll.] ApJ Letters Submitted [arxiv:1503.02632] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 19
New DES Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Candidates ( Reticulum II ) A.Drlica-Wagner et al. [Fermi and DES Coll.] ApJ Letters Submitted [arxiv:1503.02632] Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 20
DM limit improvement estimate in years with the composite likelihood approach (2008-2018) years of data instead of 2(5x) 30 dsphs (3x) (supposing that the new optical surveys will find new dsph) -% from spatial extension (source extension increases the signal region at high energy E > GeV, M > 200 GeV ) There are many assumptions in this prediction Doesn t deal with a possible detections. Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 21
New gamma projects in space AstroGam 300 KeV- GeV (Proposal to ESA for M4 ) Gamma-light (Proposed to ESA but not approved ) http://agenda.infn.it/getfile.py/access?contribid=67&resid=0&materialid=slides&confid=4267 Gamma-400 launch foreseen by 2020 0 MeV 3 TeV, an approved Russian γ-ray satellite. Energy resolution (0 GeV) 1 %. Effective area 0.4 m 2. Angular resolution (0 GeV) 0.01. Science with Gamma-400 Workshop http://cdsagenda5.ictp.it/full_display.php?ida=a1311 DAMPE: Satellite of similar performance as Gamma-400. An approved Chinese γ-ray satellite. Planned launch 2015-16. HERD: Instrument on the planned Chinese Space Station. Energy resolution (0 GeV) 1 %. Effective area 1-2 m2. Angular resolution (0 GeV) 0.01. Planned launch around 2020. PANGU: suggested as a candidate for the joint small mission between the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 22
Sensitivity of present and future experiments Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 23
CTA$MC$Prod2$ Add$more$telescope$design.$ More$trigger$types.$ Aiming$at$realis8c$site$parameters:$! al8tude$! geomagne8c$field$! atmospheric$density$profile$! Cherenkov$light$ex8nc8on$! Night$sky$background,$using$single$value$but$it$ " varies$across$the$sky$(stars,$galac8c$plane,$zodiacal$light),$varies$with$8me$ (solar$cycle,$intragnight),$ " varies$with$zenith$angle$(airgglow$layer).$ " For$2662$m:$low$value$~Chile,$high$value$~Leoncito$
Telescope$layout$for$Prod2$
Detector$response$from$Prod2$ We$use$the$ctools$IRF:$ hqp://cta.irap.omp.eu/ctools/index.html$
CTA Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies upper-limits : Segue 1 work in progress with Gonzalo Rodriguez NFW profile T=0h
CTA Prod 2 Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies upper-limits : B Bbar channel 20 21 NFW profile T=0h s -1 ] 3 v> [cm 22 23 <σ ann 24 Ursa minor Draco Scultor Carina Segue 1 Willman 1 25 bb Coma Berenices Thermal Relic cross section 26 1 1 m χ [TeV/c 2 ]
CTA Prod 2 Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies upper-limits : τ + τ - channel 20 21 NFW profile T=0h s -1 ] 3 v> [cm 22 23 <σ ann 24 Ursa minor Draco Scultor Carina Segue 1 Willman 1 25 τ - τ + Coma Berenices Thermal Relic cross section 26 1 1 m χ [TeV/c 2 ]
CTA Prod 2 Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies upper-limits : µ + µ - channel 20 21 NFW profile T=0h s -1 ] 3 v> [cm 22 23 <σ ann 24 Ursa minor Draco Scultor Carina Segue 1 Willman 1 25 µ - µ + Coma Berenices Thermal Relic cross section 26 1 1 m χ [TeV/c 2 ]
CTA Prod 2 New DES Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Candidates 20 21 NFW profile T=0h B Bbar channel s -1 ] 3 v> [cm 22 23 <σ ann 24 DES J0222.7-5217 DES J0255.4-5406 DES J0335.65403 DES J0344.5-4331 DES J0443.8-5017 DES J28.8-59 25 bb DES J2251.2-5836 DES J2339.9-5424 Thermal Relic cross section 26 1 1 m χ [TeV/c 2 ]
CTA Prod 2 New DES Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Candidates 20 21 NFW profile T=0h τ + τ - channel s -1 ] 3 v> [cm 22 23 <σ ann 24 DES J0222.7-5217 DES J0255.4-5406 DES J0335.65403 DES J0344.5-4331 DES J0443.8-5017 DES J28.8-59 25 τ - τ + DES J2251.2-5836 DES J2339.9-5424 Thermal Relic cross section 26 1 1 m χ [TeV/c 2 ]
CTA Prod 2 New DES Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Candidates 20 21 NFW profile T=0h µ + µ - channel s -1 ] 3 v> [cm 22 23 <σ ann 24 DES J0222.7-5217 DES J0255.4-5406 DES J0335.65403 DES J0344.5-4331 DES J0443.8-5017 DES J28.8-59 25 µ - µ + DES J2251.2-5836 DES J2339.9-5424 Thermal Relic cross section 26 1 1 m χ [TeV/c 2 ]
Conclusions Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies are key targets Aldo Morselli, INFN Roma Tor Vergata 34
$Thank$you$!