2012. S28 WARNING You must return this paper with your answer book. Otherwise marks will be lost. Write your Examination Number here: Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit State Examinations Commission JUNIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION, 2012 GEOGRAPHY HIGHER LEVEL SECTION 1 FOLDER (60 marks) FRIDAY, 8 JUNE MORNING, 9.30-11.30 Total Folder Marking Grid Questions Mark Examiner @ 3 @ 2 @ 1 @ 0 Advising Examiner NOTE: SECTION 2 OF THIS PAPER IS SUPPLIED SEPARATELY Page 1 of 12
SECTION 1 (60 marks) Answer ALL questions. You have a choice within three questions. Be sure to return this folder with your answer book. Otherwise, marks will be lost. 1. ROCKS A rock with small crystals that formed inside the earth s crust. www.utexas.edu Examine the photograph above and circle the correct answer in each of the statements below. (iii) The name of this rock is granite / basalt. This rock is an igneous / a sedimentary rock. An example of this rock is found in the Burren / Wicklow. 2. EARTHQUAKES Complete the following sentences. (iii) The origin of an earthquake is known as the. A tidal wave created by an earthquake is known as a. The scale used to measure earthquakes is the. Page 2 of 12
3. LIMESTONE In the boxes provided, match each of the letters in Column X with the number of its pair in Column Y. One match has been made for you. Column X Column Y X Y A Stalagmite 1 Deep cracks in the limestone pavement. A B Clints 2 Deposits of calcite hanging from the roof of a cave. C Stalactite 3 Blocks of limestone. C D Grikes 4 Deposits of calcite on the floor of a cave. D 1 B 4. MASS MOVEMENT Circle the correct option in each of the statements below. Mudflows are one of the fastest forms of mass movement. True / False Mudflows occur in dry areas. True / False (iii) Gradient is very important for mass movement. True / False 5. INDUSTRY Which of the following groups are all examples of people involved in secondary economic activity? Dentist, farmer, Garda, taxi driver. Teacher, insurance official, nurse, journalist. Bank official, miner, shopkeeper, plumber. Baker, factory worker, cabinet maker, brewer. Tick ( ) the correct box. Page 3 of 12
6. OCEAN CURRENTS X Y www.johndenugent.com Examine the map above. Circle the correct answer in each of the statements below. (iii) The current at X is a warm / cold current. The current at Y is a warm / cold current. The current at X is called the Labrador Current / North Atlantic Drift. 7. WEATHER PATTERNS Indicate which three statements below are correct by ticking ( ) the correct box. 1. The prevailing winds in Ireland are south westerly. 2. The average annual temperature in Ireland is 20 C. 3. Anticyclones are associated with good weather conditions. 4. The Atlantic Ocean has no influence on weather conditions in Ireland. 5. Relief rainfall is common on the west coast of Ireland. 1, 2, 3 2, 3, 4 1, 3, 5 2, 4, 5 Page 4 of 12
8. RIVERS The diagram below shows the course of a river. Give the correct location for each of the river features shown on the diagram, by writing the correct letter beside each feature named in the table below. One pair has been completed for you. Upper Course D Middle Course B C A Lower Course www.bbc.co.uk Meander Oxbow lake Waterfall Floodplain Feature Letter B Page 5 of 12
ANSWER EITHER 9A OR 9B 9A. COASTS Which of the following are all features of coastal deposition? Sea cliff, sea cave, sea stack. Tombolo, spit, bar. Beach, sea arch, headland. Tick ( ) the correct box. OR 9B. GLACIATION Which of the following are all features of glacial deposition? Eskers, moraines, drumlins. Corries, drumlins, erratic. U-shaped valleys, moraines, cirque (corrie). Tick ( ) the correct box. Page 6 of 12
ANSWER EITHER 10A OR 10B 10A. NATURAL VEGETATION A B www.thinkquest.org Examine the map above showing the distribution of the world s forests. Circle the correct option in each of the following statements. Boreal forests are located at A. True / False Red Tropical soils are found at B. True / False (iii) Boreal forests are deciduous forests. True / False 10B. TOURISM OR Overseas visits to and from Ireland (millions) from 2004 to 2010 YEAR 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Number of overseas visitors to Ireland 6.6 7.0 7.7 8.0 7.8 6.9 6.0 Number of visits abroad by Irish residents 5.4 6.1 6.8 7.7 7.9 7.0 6.6 Amended from www.cso.ie Examine the table above showing overseas visits to and from Ireland and answer the following questions. What year had the most overseas visitors to Ireland? In which year was the greatest number of visits abroad by Irish residents? (iii) What was the lowest number of visits abroad by Irish residents? Page 7 of 12
ANSWER EITHER 11A OR 11B 11A. SOIL Indicate which three statements below are correct by ticking ( ) the correct box. 1. Podzol soils are very fertile soils. 2. Brown soils are very fertile soils. 3. When plant litter decays it forms humus. 4. Impermeable layers within soil allow water to seep through the soil. 5. Leaching is when nutrients are washed from the soil. 1, 2, 3 2, 3, 4 2, 3, 5 2, 4, 5 OR 11B. SETTLEMENT Examine the photographs below and name each housing type, by writing the correct answer in the spaces provided. A B C www.lectros.com www.ireland.com www.laois.ie A. B. C. Page 8 of 12
12. POPULATION Demographic Transition Model Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5 Birth Rate Births / Deaths per 1000 Death Rate Total Population Time www.bbc.co.uk Examine the Demographic Transition Model above. In Stage 1, total population growth is slow because: Death rates are low and birth rates are high. Both birth and death rates are high. Death rates are high and birth rates are low. Tick ( ) the correct box. 13. FARMING The box below contains inputs, processes and outputs on a farm. Circle three processes on a farm. calves cutting silage fertilisers milking ploughing crops tractors milk maize Page 9 of 12
14. WEATHER STATISTICS The table and bar graph below show the average monthly temperatures in Celsius for 2011 in Belmullet, Co Mayo. Use the information in the table below to complete the graph for March, June and August. Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Temp C 5 7 8 11 11 12 14 14 13 www.met.ie Average monthly temperatures in 2011 for Belmullet, Co Mayo Temperature C Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Month Page 10 of 12
15. IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITY Indicate which three statements below are correct by ticking ( ) the correct box. 1. Afforestation is the cutting down of forests. 2. Overcropping is the growing of the same crops in the same area every year. 3. Desertification has a positive impact on agriculture. 4. Colonialism exploited less well off countries. 5. Urban renewal is good for inner cities. 1, 3, 4 1, 4, 5 2, 3, 5 2, 4, 5 16. MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE Migration can be caused by push and pull factors. Circle the correct answer in each statement. (iii) Civil war and unrest are a push / pull factor. Excellent job opportunities are a push / pull factor. A mild climate is a push / pull factor. 17. ORDNANCE SURVEY MAP Examine the Ordnance Survey map supplied. If you were travelling along the N4 from M 972 983 to M 953 995, in which direction would you be travelling? Direction Page 11 of 12
18. ORDNANCE SURVEY MAP In the boxes provided, match each of the letters in Column X with the number of its pair in Column Y. One match has been made for you. Column X Column Y X Y A G 946 037 1 Garda station A B M 931 988 2 Crannóg B C M 965 951 3 Railway station C 4 D G 894 038 4 Church D 19. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH Examine the aerial photograph supplied. What is the main land-use in the left background? Residential Agricultural Religious Tick ( ) the correct box. 20. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH AND ORDNANCE SURVEY MAP This bridge is shown in the aerial photograph accompanying this paper. Find this bridge on the Ordnance Survey map and write down its location, using a six-figure grid reference. Location Page 12 of 12
2012. S28 Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit State Examinations Commission JUNIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION, 2012 GEOGRAPHY HIGHER LEVEL SECTION 2 (90 marks) FRIDAY, 8 JUNE MORNING, 9.30-11.30 Note: Section 1 of this paper is in a separate folder, where spaces are provided for your answers. Please remember to return your completed Section 1 Folder with your answer book. Page 1 of 8
SECTION 2 (90 marks) Answer any THREE questions. All questions carry equal marks. Question 1. THE EARTH S SURFACE AND OUR PLANET A. Rainfall Cold Air Cold Air Warm Air www.sec2hocs.edu www.swc2hocs.edu Name the type of rainfall shown in the diagram above. Describe how this type of rainfall occurs. B. Plate Tectonics Volcanoes www.thelearningmag.com Name one example of a volcano. With reference to the diagram above explain how volcanoes occur. C. Weathering With the aid of a labelled diagram(s), explain how frost action occurs. Page 2 of 8
Question 2. RIVERS AND NATURAL RESOURCES A. River Feature Name one feature formed by river erosion and explain with the aid of a labelled diagram, how it was formed. B. Water Supplies www.drpinna.com (iii) (iv) What is the term given to the artificial watering of crops as shown above? Name one such scheme that you have studied. Explain one advantage of this scheme. Explain one disadvantage of this scheme. C. Fishing (iii) Name two Irish fishing ports. Explain two reasons for overfishing. Describe two measures that can be used to conserve fish stocks. Page 3 of 8
Question 3. GEOGRAPHICAL MIX Answer ANY THREE of the questions 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D. 3A. Population Pyramids Males Age Females Males Females Pyramid A % Pyramid B www.rcn.com Name one country with a population structure similar to Pyramid A. Name one country with a population structure similar to Pyramid B. (iii) Explain one reason why Pyramid B has a wider base than Pyramid A. (iv) Name two uses of population pyramids. 3B. Aerial Photograph Examine the aerial photograph accompanying this paper. Using the correct terms (right background etc.) identify and locate a suitable site for an hotel. Explain two reasons why this site would be a suitable location for an hotel. Page 4 of 8
Question 3. GEOGRAPHICAL MIX (continued) 3C. World Climates A B C www.worksheets.com Examine the map above which shows the location of three of the world s climatic regions. Name the type of climate at each of the locations A, B, and C. Explain the characteristics of any one climate type that you have studied. 3D. Energy (iii) Name one example of renewable energy. Explain any two physical (natural) factors that are required for the generation of energy using the renewable energy source named in part above. Explain one advantage of renewable energy. Page 5 of 8
Question 4. URBANISATION, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AND DEVELOPMENT A. World Cities Name one city with a high population density, that you have studied. Describe and explain two problems experienced as a result of the high population density, in the city named in part above. B. Industrial Activity Explain one impact of industrial activity on the environment. Explain how the role of women in industry has changed over time. C. Unequal World Unequal World North / South Divide South North www.rsrevision.com Levels of economic development are unequal throughout the world. Explain three reasons why the level of economic development is lower in the south. Name two ways in which this can be addressed. Page 6 of 8
Question 5. ORDNANCE SURVEY MAP AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH A. Examine the ORDNANCE SURVEY MAP provided. Draw a sketch map of the area shown on the Ordnance Survey map. On your sketch map show and label each of the following features: The railway line The built up area of Carrick-on-Shannon An area of natural woodland The River Shannon. B. The area shown on the Ordnance Survey map has a long history of settlement. Name, locate and explain, using six-figure grid references, any two examples of historic settlement on the map. (8) C. With reference to the ORDNANCE SURVEY MAP and AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH provided, explain three reasons why Carrick-On-Shannon (and the surrounding area on the map) is an important tourist destination. (12) Page 7 of 8
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