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cö e Ü RvZxq wk vbxwz-2010 : GKwU ch v jvpbv gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK g 2014 17Zg el 8g msl v Kvgvi hhvgvb web Avãyj evix* (Rvbyqvix- deª qvix msl vi ci) wk v_ x g~j vqb : wk v_ x g~j vqb Aby Q `i 2q I 3q jvb b ejv n q Q, ÔcÂg köyx k l Awfbœ cökœc Î mgvcbx cix v AbywôZ n eõ BwZg a G c wz Pvjy n q M Q ev e `Lv M Q, gv`ivmv wk v_ x `i AwaKvsk welq Aviex I ag xq wk vi b ^i _vk Q gvî 20 Avi evwkuv _vk Q mvaviy welq _ K hvi Kvi Y AwaKvsk gv`ivmv QvÎ mgvcbx cix vq AK ZKvh n Q GUv gv`ivmv wk v e e v aÿs mi mỳ ~icömvix cwikíbv ˆe wkqz bq gva wgk wk v D Ïk I j : gva wgk wk vi D Ïk I j ejv n q Q, ÔbZzb wk v KvVv gvq beg _ K Øv`k köyx ch š gva wgk wk v i wn m e we ewpz n eõ Ab w` K wk v_ x g~j vqb Aby Q ` ejv n q Q, Ô`kg köyx k l RvZxq wfwë Z cvewjk cix v AbywôZ n e GB cix vi bvg n e gva wgk cix v Øv`k köyxi k l Av iv GKwU cvewjk cix v AbywôZ n e Gi bvg n e D P gva wgk cix võ Dc iv³ c q U `yõ Uv ^we ivax I ci úi mvsnwl K Kbbv D Ïk I j ejv nõj, beg _ K Øv`k köyx ch š gva wgk i wnmv e we ewpz n e A_P cix v I g~j vqb Aby Q ` ejv nõj, Øv`k köyxi k l Av iv GKwU cvewjk cix v AbywôZ n e, Gi bvg n e D P gva wgk cix v gva wgk i D P gva wgk cix v nq wkfv e? GUv GKwU nvm Ki welq bq wk? Avi cix v hw` ez gvb avivi gz gva wgk I D P gva wgk `yõ UvB nq ZvnÕ j GB nheij Ae vi D Ïk Uv wk? ev G Z bzzb Z i KvwikgvB ev wk? wk vµg, cvv m~px I cvv cȳ K : AÎ Aby Q ` ejv n q Q, Ôgva wgk wk v i wzbwu aviv _vk e, mvaviy, gv`ivmv I KvwiMwiÕ wk v aviv wef³ Kiv GUv Avgv `i ixwz bq, e wuk `i i L hviqv ixwz G `k ^vaxb-mve fšg niqv m Ë I ivr bwzk, A_ bwzk, wk v I wepvi e e v meb Pj Q e wuk `i bxwz I ixwzi Abymi Y Zv `i g~jbxwz wqj Ôwef³ Ki I kvmb KiÕ G j Zviv mvaviy wk v I ag xq wk v bv g cö_ g wk v K `yõfvm K i mvaviy wk v K Zviv cy ivcywi mkÿ jvi A_ vr ag wbi c K i X j mvrvq G Z Zv `i wpš v- PZbvq GgbwK Pnvivq I cvkv K * cöavb gynvwïq, ejwuqv Kvwgj gv`ivmv, Rvgvjcyi Avg~j cwiez b Av m Bmjv gi bvg biqv GgbwK wb R `i ÔgymwjgÕ cwipq KI Zviv mskxy Zv e j fve Z _v K GB Ae v AvRI Ae vnz Av Q ˆewK? Zvici ag xq wkw Ziv hv Z HK e I kw³kvjx nõ Z bv cv i mrb gv`ivmv wk v K `yõfv M fvm K i GKwU nõj, mikvix wm jevmfy³ I mikvix Abỳ vbcövß Avwjqv gv`ivmv Ges Av ikwu RbM Yi ^ QvK Z `v b cöwzwôz KIgx gv`ivmv `yõai bi gv`ivmvq wk v`vb c wz wfbœ niqvq Zv `i gv S `~iz m wó nõ Z _v K Gfv e GKB wczvi wzbwu Q j wzbgylx n q c o hv gymwjg mgvr K wøavwef³ K i Ges Zv Bs ir `i D Ïk nvwq j mnvqk nq GB wefw³ K ü` qi Mfx i cövw_z K i `Iqvi Rb Zviv gv`ivmv wk vi wm jev m KziAvb I nv`xq K MŠY i L wbw` ó GKwU gvhnv ei wdkn K cvv m~pxfy³ K i `q hvi Ggb c ôv cviqv hv e bv, hlv b GKB wel q wewfbœ gvhnv ei weøvbm Yi g a gz f` bv Av Q d j QvÎ `i Zi Y g b G jv `vi Y cöfve we vi K i Ges Bmjvg K Zviv GKwU SMovi ag e j fve Z _v K Bs ir c ô cvlkzvq 1780 mv j cöwzwôz nq K vjkvuv Avwjqv gv`ivmv (ciez x Z mwu nq XvKv mikvix Avwjqv gv`ivmv) nvm Ki nõ ji mz h, G gv`ivmvi ci ci 26 Rb Aa wq jb Bs ir bvqviv Gi cö_g Aa wq jb W. G úª½vi (1850-57) me kl Bs ir Aa wq jb Av jkrvûvi nwgjub nvwj (1911-23 I 1925-27) 1850 mv j cö_g Aa wb qv Mi c~ e (1780-1850) K vjkvuv gv`ivmvi cöavb wbe vnxi c`ex wqj m µuvix m µuvixi nõ Zb Bs ir K v Þb Avqib wq jb cö_g m µuvix Bmjvgx wk v cöwzôvb gv`ivmvi wbe vnx cöavb Bs ir bvqviv GLvb _ KB eysv hvq h, Zviv wk v e e v wef³ K iwqj Zv `i nxb ^v_ PwiZv_ Kivi gvb m Bs iriv G `k Q o P j M ji AvRI Avgiv Zv `i i L hviqv wk vbxwz AbymiY K i Zv `i `vm Z i k L j Ave n q AvwQ gva wgk i eva Zvg~jK wnmv e h mkj wel qi bv gv j L Kiv n q Q, Zv Z ag xq wk vi Kvb welq bb G Z eysv hv Q, cy iv gva wgk i ag xq wk v eva Zvg~jK welq wnmv e _vk e bv hvi d j G i _ K ag weewr Z bvw K cör b ib AvMgb NU e Kvb Avw K avwg K cörb bq gv`ivmv wk v gv`ivmv wk vi D Ïk I j m ú K ïi _ K Z Zxq c q U ch š hv ejv n q Q, Zv gvuvgywu BwZevPK ZvB RvZxq wk vbxwz cöyqb KwgwU K G wel q mvayev` RvbvB wkš PZz_ c q U ejv n q Q, Ôwk vi wewfbœ 3

i Ab vb avivi m ½ gv`ivmv wk vq mvaviy Avewk K welq mg~ n Awfbœ wk vµg I cvv m~px eva Zvg~jKfv e AbymiY KivÕ GwU LyeB AvcwËRbK Kbbv G Z gv`ivmv wk vi ^KxqZv webó n e d j gv`ivmv wk v I mvaviy wk vi gv S Kvb cv_ K _vk e bv Ges gv`ivmv jv Kvjµ g z j cwiyz n e gv`ivmv wk vi ^vzš ervq ivl Z nõ j Bmjvgx fveavivq wk vµg I cvv m~px cöyqb Ki Z n e gv`ivmv wk vi D Ïk I j m ú K A bk fvj fvj K_v ejv nõ ji Kg KŠk ji 3bs c q U ejv n q Q, wk vi Ab vb avivi m ½ mgš^q i L Be Z`vqx ch v q wbw` ó köyxi wk vµg Abyhvqx wba vwiz welq mg~n eva Zvg~jKfv e AbymiY Kiv n e 6ô köyx _ K 8g köyx ch š cövk-e wëg~jk wk v Ges Z_ cöhyw³ wk v cö`vb Kiv n e `vwlj ch v q evsjv, Bs iwr, mvaviy Ávb, evsjv `k vwwr welq eva Zvg~jK _vk e GLv b Avewk K welq mg~ ni h wdwiw `qv n q Q Zv Z gv`ivmv wk vi g~j welq mg~n h_v- KziAvb, nv`xq, Aviex, wdkn-avkvb` BZ vw`i bvg bb Gme g~j welq jv hw` Avewk K bv _v K ZvnÕ j wbwðzfv e ejv hvq h, gv`ivmv wk v aÿs mi mỳ ~icömvix lohš cvkvcvwk Kiv n q Q 2010 mv j cöyxz RvZxq wk vbxwzi gv`ivmv wk v Aa v qi 2bs Kg KŠk j ez gvb dvwhj `yb eqi gqv`x e j D j L Kiv n q Q A_P BmjvwgK BDwbfvwm wu G v± 2006-Gi 6-Gi 22A (4) aviv gvzv ek 27.03.2007 Bs Zvwi L AbywôZ wek we` vj qi wmwû K U 193 mfvq Aby gvw`z n q 2006-2007 wk vel nõ Z dvwhj wzb eq ii Kvm Pvjy n q Q A_P AvVvi m`m wewkó wk vbxwz cöyqb KwgwUi Kvb m`m B G wel q KvbB Lei iv Lb bv e jb g b nq Av ivi Avðh jv M GRb h, D³ KwgwUi g a GKRb gvijvbv Qv ne Av Qb, whwb wm ju I XvKv mikvix Avwjqv gv`ivmvi mv ek Aa wq jb wzwbi wk welqwu AeMZ bb? bvwk RvZxq wk vbxwz Z wk cöyxz n Q G wel q wzwb Av `Š AeMZ wq jb bv? bvwk G ` ki ag cövy gymjgvb `i Pv L ay jv `qvi Rb Zv K bvg me ^ m`m Kiv n qwqj? bvwk wzb eqi gqv`x mœvzk m vb dvwhj K Avev iv `yb eqi gqv`x K i mœvz Ki mggvb wejywßi cvqzviv n Q? gv`ivmv wk vi Kg KŠk ji 1bs c q U ejv n q Q, ez gv b gv`ivmv wk v RvZxq wk v e e vi GKwU Awe Q` Askiƒ c cöwzwôz GB wk vi ^KxqZv ervq i L G K Av ivi hy Mvc hvmx Kivi j cö qvrbxq c` c bqv n e hv Z G wk v e e vq bzzb cövy mâvwiz nq wbtm ` n GwU GKwU BwZevPK f~wgkv Z e BwZevPK f~wgkvi Aš iv j hw` bwzevpk gvbwmkzvq gv`ivmv wk v K AvaywbKvqb I hy Mvc hvmx Kivi K_v e j gv`ivmvi gšwjk welq mg~ ni gvb Kwg q w` q Av iv mvaviy welq Pvwc q `qv nq, Z e gv`ivmv wk vi ^Zš Zv e vnz n e hv Av `Š Kvg bq D P wk vi Rb gv`ivmv wk v_ xmy cöwz hvwmzvg~jk cix vq DËxY niqv m Ë I Lvov ARynv Z XvKv wek we` vjqmn wewfbœ wek we` vj q evsjv, Bs iwrmn wkqz wwwmwc bi KZ c m ú~y we ØlcivqY n q wek we` vj q fwz i Î cöwzeükzv m wó K i _v Kb A_P ÔIÕ j fj Ges ÔGÕ j fj cix v_ x `i evsjv I Bs iwr Z 100 b ^ ii cökœ Zvjv nq bv gv`ivmv wk vavivi ÎI GKB bxwz niqv DwPZ Kbbv GUv `Lv M Q h, gv`ivmv wk v_ xiv Kvb cöwz hvwmzvg~jk cix vq AeZxY nõ j Zviv Ab vb avivi wk v_ x `i P q wcwq q _vk Q bv eis A bk Î gv`ivmv wk v_ xiv kxl vb AwaKvi K i Avm Q Avgiv gvbbxq wk vgš xi Avk vm evyx (ÔmeiKg ˆel g i Aemvb NwU q mk ji Rb wk vi AwaKvi I my hvm wbwðz Kivi j wk vbxwzi gšwjk wfwë wn m e AbymiY Kiv n q QÕ)-Gi h_vh_ ev evqb Kvgbv Kwi m úªwz Bmjvgx wek we` vj qi Aax b dvwhj I Kvwgj K h_vµ g mœvzk I mœvz KvËi mggvb `qv n q Q Zvi c ii dvwhj I Kvwgj cvk K i Gg.wdj, wcgbp.ww, wewmgm mn M elyvg~jk D P wk vi Kvb my hvm `qv n Q bv RvZxq wk vbxwz 2010-G G e vcv i KvbB w`kwb ` kbv `qv nqwb AwZ m úªwz 31wU gv`ivmvq dvwhj Abvm Lvjvi AbygwZ `qv n q Q Gi c ii Zviv Gg.wdj, wcgbp.ww, wewmgm Kivi my hvm cv e wkbv muvb GLb `Lvi welq ag I ˆbwZK wk v Ôag I ˆbwZK wk võ bv g RvZxq wk vbxwz Z GKwU Aa vq ms hvrb Kiv n q Q wkš G welqwu Kvb ii wk v_x `i Rb ivlv n q Q Ges Zvi cvvµg, cvv m~px wk n e G e vcv i Kvb w`k wb ` kbv bb ag I ˆbwZK wk v bv g Avjv`v Aa vq ms hvrb Kivi inm Uv wk G e vcv ii wkqz D j L Kiv nqwb h i G welqwu cvv Kiv n e H ii Aa v q GwU D j L Ki jb Zv h _ó wqj ev e G bv gi Kvb wel qi Aw Z bb AvR _ K wzb eqi c~ e wk vbxwz P~ovš nõ ji AvR ch š Kvb köyx Z GwU cvv Kiv nqwb g b n Q GwU GKwU evqexq welq, hv ïay wk vbxwz ZB kvfv cv e, ev e bq 4

Bmjvg ag wk v Aby Q ` Bmjvg K AvswkKfv e Zz j aivi AccÖqvm Pvjv bv n q Q ïay ag xq AvPvi-Abyôvb Ges Kv jgv, QvjvZ, QvIg, hvkvz I n ¾i g a B Bmjvg mxgve bq Bmjvg GKwU cwic~y kvk Z mve Rbxb Rxeb weavb Rxe bi cöwzwu m± i i q Q Gi Abycg Kj vykvgx Rxeb weavb ZvB mkj welq m ú K mȳ úó w`k wb ` kbv cö qvrb wqj ˆbwZK wk v Aby Q ` ejv n q Q, ˆbwZKZvi gšwjk Drm ag Z e mvgvwrk I mvs wzk ˆewkó mg~n Ges `kr AvenI i Z c~y Drm ˆbwZKZvi gšwjk Drm ag GUv mz Avi G mz Dcjwäi Rb wk vbxwz cöyqb KwgwU K Avš wik gvevikev` RvbvB wkš ciez x jvb b mvgvwrk I mvs wzk ˆewkó mg~n Ges `kr Aven K ˆbwZKZvi i Z c~y Drm e j fvlvi PvZz h Aag K ag wnmv e Pvwj q `qvi Ac Póvi Kvi Y Zv `i K wa vi I wb `vev` RvbvB mvgvwrk I mvs wzk ˆewkó mg~n Ges `kr Aven Kvbµ gb ˆbwZKZvi Drm nõ Z cv i bv GKgvÎ ag xq g~j eva I cikvjxb Revew`wnZvi fqb gvbyl K ˆbwZKZv m úbœ K i M o Zzj Z cv i Avi Gi g~jwfwë n e KziAvb I nv`xq D P wk v D P wk v wk vrxe bi me kl I i Z c~y i G i _ KB ˆZix nq cö_g kªyxi bvmwik I RvwZi KY avi hv `i bz Z cwipvwjz nq `k, RvwZ, Awdm-Av`vjZ, wk v-cöwzôvb, wpwkrmvjq, mvgwik I emvgwik evwnbxmn ` ki cöwzwu cöwzôvb G `i ØvivB AwR Z nq ` ki DbœwZ-AebwZ, mybxwz-`yb xwz, mybvg-e`bvg, m vb-am vb, Kj vy-akj vy GK K_vq ` ki fvjg ` me wkqzb wbf i K i G `i Kg Kv Êi Dci myzivs G ii wk vi i Z Ab vb ii Zzjbvq A bk ekx wkš G ii GKgvÎ BmjvwgK vwwr wefvm e ZxZ Ab Kvb wefv M ag xq wk vi Kvb welq Avewk K Zv `~ ii K_v Hw QK ev AwZwi³ wnmv e biqvii Kvb my hvm bb D P wk v i ag xq wk vi e e v bv _vkvq wk v_ xiv e ev`x I bxwz weewr Z gvby l cwiyz n Q Zv `i g a AbvPvi-AwePvi, bxwznxbzv e w cv Q Ges Kg Rxe b `yb xwz Z wbgw¾z n q c o Q Zv `i g a e w³ Kw `ªKZv, `qv-gvqv nxbzv, wbg gzv-wbôzizv I cïz eva e ob Pj Q Zv `i g a mœn-gvqv-ggzv, fvjevmv, gnë BZ vw` ˆbwZK Yvejx bb ej jb P j wecixz c ag xq g~j eva I ˆbwZKZv weewr Z niqvi Kvi Y wk vi m e v P we` vcx V wk K KZ K QvÎx I mnkg xi cöwz hšb nqivwb, Aeva hšbvpvi, al Yi mâzix Ges G Dcj Abyôvb K i wgvv-gêv weziy, hšb e emv I hšbk g eva Kivi gz AmsL NUbv Anin N U P j Q gv`kzvi fqvj mªv Z cöwzwu wk v cöwzôvb Ges Rbc` AvR fvm Q m e vcwi ` k `ybx wz I Awbqg Ges ˆbivR GLb `yiv ivm e vwa Z cwiyz n q Q G mgm v wbim bi Dcvq wnmv e ag xq I ˆbwZK wk vi gva g wk v_x i g b ag xq I mvgvwrk g~j eva RvMÖZ Kivi KvbB wekí bb G j AR bi Rb D Pwk vi mkj Î I avivq hgb- gvbwek, mvgvwrk weávb, cöhyw³, AvBb, cö KŠkj, evwyr, gww Kj, mvgwik, UKwbK vj cöf wz wel q mœvzk I mœvz KvËi kªyx Z b~ bzg 200 b ^ ii ag xq I ˆbwZK wk v eva Zvg~jK Ki Z n e `k I RvwZi wk vi gvb Ges RvwZi PwiÎ I ˆbwZKZv m wó Kivi Î Gi Kvb wekí bb kzkiv 50fvM gymwjg cöavb `k gvj qwkqvq wkï kªyx _ K wk vi m ev P i ch š ag xq wk v eva Zvg~jK d j gvj qwkqv AvR we k i ey K gv_v DuPz K i `uvwo q Av Q Ges DbœwZi Pig wkl i Av ivnb K i Q A_P kzkiv 90 fvm gymwjg cöavb `k evsjv ` k Bmjvgx wk v me P q Ae nwjz d j Avgiv AvR me Î AatcwZZ Rvnv½xibMi wek we` vj q A` vewa Aviex I BmjvwgK vwwr welq Lvjv nqwb A_P bvg wek we` vjq UKwbK vj, gww Kj ev cö KŠkj wek we` vj q Bmjvgx wk vi Kvb bvgmüi bb Bmjvgx wek we` vjq cöwzôvi g~j j wqj me Abyl ` Bmjvgx wk v e e v Pvjy Kiv wkš cöwzôvi ci nõ Z bvbv gn ji lohš I Db vwmkzvq Zv Av `Š ev evwqz nqwb GgbwK Bmjv gi b~ bzg gšwjk Ávb `qvi Rb cöwzwu wel qi mv _ 200 b ^ ii Bmjvgx wk v ivlv n qwqj wkš RvwZi `yf vm, KZ c i D`vmxbZvi Kvi Y Zv ev` `qv n q Q djkö wz Z GLb XvKv I ivrkvnx wek we` vjq Ges Bmjvgx wek we` vj qi g a Zgb KvbB cv_ K bb D P wk vi KŠkj 13-G ejv n q Q, mikvix Abỳ vb QvovI D Pwk vi cöwzôvb jv K e q wbe v ni Rb wk v_ xi ezb e envi Ki Z n e Ges e w³mz Abỳ vb msmö ni Póv Pvjv Z n e evsjv ` k ez gv b cvewjk wek we` vjq I K jr jv Z fwz wd I ezb LyeB mvgvb Awffve Ki Avw_ K m QjZvi cöz qbc Îi wfwë Z wk v_ xi ezb wba vi Yi Póv Kiv n e G KŠk ji cö vebv D Pwk v m cömvi Y bwzevpk fqven cöfve dj e Ges D Pwk v ms KvPbbxwZ lvjkjvq c~y nõ Z cv i G Z wk v evwyr I evo e gavex I Mixe `i Rb wk v MÖnY mỳ ~i civnz n e G ` ki mvaviy AwffveK `i h Avq I Kg ms vb Zv w` q `yõgy Vv 5

Lvevi hvmvo Kiv hlv b `y i, mlv b Q j- g q `i jlvcovi ewa Z ezb cö ve wkfv e Kiv nõj ev Kv `i ^v _ Kiv nõj? G KŠk ji cö vebv cöz vnvi K i wk vi m ú~y e q mikvi KB enb Kiv DwPZ Dcmsnvi : RvZxq wk vbxwz 2010Bs 76 c ôve vcx GK wekvj bxwzgvjv G bxwzgvjvi cövk-k_b _ K ïi K i Gi cöwzwu Aa vq, Aby Q`, c q U ch v jvpbv Kiv ^í cwim i m e bq GLv b K qkwu Aa v qi msw ß ch v jvpbv Kiv n q Q gvî cy iv wk vbxwzi mvims c I msw ß ch v jvpbv nõj, RvZxq wk vbxwz 2010-G wkqz BwZevPK w`k Aek B Av Q wkš G Z msweavb, RvwZmËv, RvZxq wek vm-g~j eva, HwZn - PZbvi cy ivcywi cöwzdjb nqwb hgb- ag wbi c Zvev `i cwie Z Amv cà vwqkzv ms hvrb, mnr Rxeb hvc bi gvbwmkzv, mg gšwjk wpš v- PZbv M o Zvjv, DcRvwZ `i Avw`evmx ejv, cöv_wgk, gva wgk I D P gva wgk i f ½ w` q n-h-e-i-j Kiv, cöv_wgk I gva wgk mkj avivq GK I Awfbœ wk vµg-cvv µgcvv cȳ K, cökœcî, cix v g~j vqb e e v, wk K `i e`jx bxwz, K v WU I we klvwqz wk v cöwzôv b we kl my hvm-myweav, mvaviy wk v e e v I gv`ivmv wk v e e v, mikvix wk v cöwzôvb I emikvix wk v cöwzôv bi gv S Pig ˆelg bxwz, Bswjk wgwwqvg Gb,wRI wk v_ x `i Awbqwš Z ivlv, gv`ivmv wk vi gšwjk welq Kwg q G b z j cwiyz Kivi Ac KŠkj, KIgx gv`ivmvi cöwz J`vmxb, D Pwk vq e vck ˆelg I ms KvPb bxwz Ges e vck M elyvi c_ Db y³ bv ivlv cö KŠkj-wPwKrmv mev I ^v wk v Ges weávb wfwëk UKwbK vj wk vq ag xq wk vi G Kev ib Abycw wz, Z_ cöhyw³i bv g AvKvk ms wzi wbqš YnxbZv, bvix `i h_vh_ g~j vqb bv Kiv, cörbb ^v wk vi bv g ms e`bkxj wel q hšb myomywo, Kvi Kjvi bv g b Z -A½we c, hvîv-wm bgv, eªzpvix wk v PvjyKiY cöwzi v I mvgwik wk vi e vcv i J`vmxb, wk v½ b QvÎ-wk K `i `jxq ivrbxwz m ú K Kvb wkqz bv ejv, wk K `i m e v P ^Zš ezb j cö`v bi e vcv i Kvb wkqz bv ejv mn Av iv A bk e vcv i G wk vbxwz Z Ac~Y v½zvi Qvc we` gvb i q Q GKwU Avw K RvwZmËvi wk vbxwz nõ Z n e ^vaxb ` ki ^vaxb bvmwik Movi Dc hvmx ag wfwëk wk v e e v h nzz gvbyl mvgvwrk I ˆbwZK Rxe Ges mb ˆbwZKZv wk vi gšwjk I Kvh Ki cš v nõj ag wk v gvbyl K ïay AvBb w` q bq, eis ag wfwëk ˆbwZKZv eva RvMÖZ Kivi gva gb wbqš Y Kiv m e ZvB me hy M me Kv j gvbyl mf n q Q ag wfwëk ˆbwZKZv eva RvMÖZ Kivi gva g wkš cwizv ci welq, RvZxq wk vbxwz 2010-G ag wfwëk wk v m cömvi Y Kvb D ` vm bb eis ag wfwëk wk v ms KvP bi h_vmva Póv Kiv n q Q A bk eqi c~ e G Dcgnv `k _ K e wuk kvm bi Aemvb nõ ji AvRI e wuk `i i L hviqv AvBb-kvmb, wepvi e e vmn wk v e e vq cy ivcywi Zv `i c`vsk AbymiY Kiv n Q hb jw gk ji mb fwel Z evyxb ev evwqz n Q e wuk MfY i jw gk j ` f i e jwqj, We must at present do our best to form a class who may be interpreters between us and millions whom with we govern, a class of person, Indians in blood and colour, but English in taste, in openions, in morals and intellect. ÔAvgiv ez gv b Avgv `i m e v P cö Póv wb qvwrz Kie Ggb GKwU köyx m wói j, hviv Avgv `i I Avgv `i kvwmz j j RbM Yi g a `~Z wnmv e KvR Ki e hviv i ³ I e Y n e fvizxq wkš i wp Z, wpš v- PZbvq, ˆbwZKZv I eyw e wë Z n e Bs irõ cwi k l eje, RvZxq wk vbxwz 2010-G nheij ev` w` q mwvk I myôz w`k wb ` kbv m ^wjz Kvh Ki bxwzgvjv Kiv nvk mb mv _ agx q welq wk vi me i eva Zvg~jK Kiv nvk Ges RvwZ K ˆbwZK g~j eva m úbœ K i M o Zz j ` ki Kj v Y KvR Kivi Rb cö Z Kiv nvk ZvnÕ j `k DË ivëi DbœwZ I mg w jvf Ki e mgv R eb e cökvwš i nviqv Avj vn Avgv `i ZvIdxK w`b- Avgxb! 6

gvbevwakvi I Bmjvg kvgmzj Avjg* (14Zg wkw ) b vq wepvi cöm½ Article-10 : Every one is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by and independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him. Ô KD Acivax e j Awfhy³ nõ j wzwb Zvi AwaKvi Ges `vq`vwqz wba viy Kivi Rb ^vaxb I wbi c Av`vj Z cökv k wepv ii `vex Ki Z cvi ebõ (Abyt 10) A_ vr Kvb e w³ K AvUK Kiv nõ j Ges wzwb Awfhy³ nõ j Zvi AwaKvi I `vq`vwqz wba viy Kivi Rb wzwb ^vaxb I wbi c Av`vj Z cökv k wepv ii `vex Ki Z cvi eb GLv b Awfhy³ e w³i h_v_ wepvi niqvi c~e ch š Zvi cöwz hb Kvbiƒc Lvivc AvPiY bv Kiv nq Ges wzwb hb b vqwepvi cvb m e vcv i mzk Kiv n q Q evsjv `k msweav bi gšwjk AwaKvi Aa v qi 27 aviv ZI b vqwepvi cövwß m ú K ejv n q Q ez gv b Avgv `i ` ki wepvi e e vq D j L i q Q h, Kvb Awfhy³ e w³ hw` Kvb Av`vj Z b vqwepvi cv e bv e j g b K ib, Z e wzwb evsjv ` ki dšr`vix AvB bi 526 (L) 528 aviv Abyhvqx H Av`vjZ cwiez b Ki Z cv ib wkš G K_v mz h, Avmvgx wbi c (?) Av`vj Z wm qi h b vqwepvi cv eb ZviI Kvb M vivw U bb Gi wewfbœ KviY i q Q, h jv c i Av jvpbv Kiv n e Article-11 (1) : Every one charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guitly according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence. Ô KD Awfhy³ nõ j `vlx mve nevi c~e ch š cökvk Av`vj Z AvB bi AvIZvq wb R K wb ` vl cögvy Kivi Rb Zvi AvZ c mg_ bi mkj my hvm-myweav `vex Ki Z cvi ebõ A_ vr Kvb e w³ wb R K Av`vj Z wb ` vl cögvy Kivi Rb me wkqz Dc vcb Ki Z cvi e GRb Rvwg bi e e v i q Q Zv K Kvbiƒc nqivwb ev kvw cö`vb Kiv hv e bv ez gv b evsjv ` k µm dvqv ii gva g h nz v Kiv n Q m jvi Kiv hv e bv KviY A bk mgq bxwin gvbyli Gi wkkv i cwiyz nõ Z cv i * wk K, Avj-gviKvhyj Bmjvgx Avm-mvjvdx, bi`vcvov, ivrkvnx ez gv b Avgv `i ` k GB AvB bi avivwui jsnb ekx `Lv hv Q (2). No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence under national and international law, at the time when it was committed. Non shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed. Ô KD hw` KLbI Ggb KvR K ib hv ivóªxq ev Avš R vwzk AvB b `vlyxq bq, ZvnÕ j ciezx ch v q Ab Kvb AvB bi AvIZvq H Kv Ri Rb Zv K `vlx mve Kiv hv e bv hw` H mgq `vlyxq wkqz K ii d jb Z e ciezx Kv j H `v li Rb Zv K c~ e i Ae vq cövc mvrvi PvB Z AwaKZi mvrv `qv hv e bvõ GLv b ivóªxq ev Avš R vwzk AvB b e w³i Kvb KvR hw` `vlyxq e j cögvwyz bv nq Ges ciezx Z hw` Abyiƒc Kvb Kvi Y `vlx mve nq Z e c~ e v³ Aciv ai Kvi Y Zv K kvw `qv hv e bv GgbwK Zvi Rb ekx kvw I `qv hv e bv A_ vr GKUv Aciv ai kvw Ab Aciv ai g a MY Kiv hv e bv Avgv `i `k mn wewfbœ ` k G mkj AvB bi AcÖ qvm n Q e U Bmjv gi Av jv K we k ly : G c w_ex Z kvwš cöwzôvi c~e kz nõj gvby li g a b vqwepvi I BbQvd cöwzôv Kiv gvby li g a b vqwepvi bv _vk j gvbyl cïi gz n q hvq ez gvb we k gvbe iwpz AvBb BbQvd cöwzôv Ki Z e _ n q Q A_P c w_ex Z b vqwepvi cöwzôv Kivi Rb Avj vn ZvÔAvjv Av `k K i Qb gnvb Avj vn Zuvi g bvbxz ivm~j gynv v` (Qvt)- K c w_ex Z cöiy K i Qb Zuvi weavb K ev evq bi Rb G m ú K cweî KziAv b ejv n q Q, Ô Zvgv `i g a b vqwepvi cöwzôv Kivi Rb Avwg Avw`ó n qwqõ (k~iv 42/15) gnvb Avj vn Av iv e jb, Ô Zvgiv hlb gvby li gv S wepvi Kvh cwipvjbv Ki e ZLb Zv b vq civqyzvi mv _ Ki eõ (wbmv 4/58) Ab Î wzwb e jb, Ô n gywgbmy! Zvgiv b vqwepv i ` p cöwzwôz _vk e Avj vn&i 7

mv x ^iƒc; hw`i GUv Zvgv `i wb Ri A_ev wczv-gvzv I AvZ xq- ^R bi wei nq, hw` m m ú`kvjx ev `wi`ª nq, Z e Avj vnb Zv `i Rb h _ó AZGe mywepv i ^xq cöe wëi AbymiY Ki bv Ges hw` Zvgiv eµzv Aej ^b Ki ev cðvrc` ni, Z e wbðqb Avj vn ZvÔAvjv Zvgv `i mg K g i c~y msev` iv LbÕ (wbmv 4/135) gnvb Avj vn Ab Î e jb, Ô n gywgbmy! Avj vn&i D Ï k b vq mv `v b Zvgiv AwePj _vk e Kvb m cö`v qi cöwz we Øl Zvgv `i K hb KLbI mywepvi er b cö ivwpz bv K i mywepvi Ki e, GUv ZvK Iqvi wbkuzi Ges Avj vn& K fq Ki e Zvgiv hv Ki wbðqb Avj vn Zvi mg K Lei iv LbÕ (gv q`v 5/8) Ab Î ewy Z n q Q, ÔhLb Zvgiv K_v ej e ZLb b vq K_vB ej e, Zvgvi wbku AvZ xq nõ jiõ (AvbÔAvg 6/152) b vqwepvi m ú K gnvb Avj vn AviI e jb, ÔAvgiv Zv `i Rb G Z weavb w` qwqjvg h, cöv Yi e` j cövy, Pv Li e` j PvL, bv Ki e` j bvk, Kv bi e` j Kvb, `uv Zi e` j `uvz Ges hl gi e` j Abyiƒc wkqvq (hlg)õ (gv q`vn 5/45) Avj vn Zuvi weavb Abyhvqx dvqqvjv Kivi Rb gvbyl K wb ` k w` q Qb Avi hviv Zvi weavb Abyhvqx dvqqvjv K i bv KziAvb gvrx ` Zv `i K Kvwdi, hvwjg I dvwmk e j AvL vwqz Kiv n q Q (gv q`vn 5/45-47) b vqwepv ii Î ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) I Qvnvev q Kivg _ K AmsL bhxi cviqv hvq GKw`b AwfRvZ es ki dvwzgv bvgœx GK bvix Pzwi K i emj Dmvgv (ivt) Zv K gvd K i `Iqvi mycvwik Ki j gnvbex (Qvt) K Vvi fvlvq ej jb, Ô Zvgv `i c~e ezx RvwZ mg~n GRb B aÿsm n q Q h, Zv `i mvaviy jvkiv Pzwi Ki j kvw Kvh Ki KiZ wkš AwfRvZ jvkiv Pzwi Ki j Zv `i Kvb kvw w`z bv mb gnvb mëvi kc_ huvi nv Z Avgvi Rxeb! hw` gynv v `i Kb v dvwzgvi Pzwi KiZ Z e Avwg Zvi nvz K U w`zvg 1 b vqwepvi m ú K wepvik `i D Ï k Igi (ivt) e jb,. ÔwePvi Ki DwPZ nk AbymÜvb K i H mkj welq _ K `~ i _vkv hv Zvi wpš v K G jv g jv K i `q Kv RB KwVb µva, Zxeª zav, wpš v, Aw ikvix fq, Z `ªv, KwVb Mig ev Zxeª kxz, Ggb gvbwmk Ae v hv mwvk I m~² wepvi-eyw _ K weiz iv L G mkj Ae vq wepvik wepvi Ki eb bvõ 2 eyivq`v (ivt) e jb, ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb, ÔwePviK wzb kªyxi Zb a `yõ kªyxi wepvik Rvnvbœvgx Ges GK kªyxi wepvik RvbœvZx whwb Rvbœv Z hv eb wzwb n jb H wepvik, whwb nk ey S m Abyhvqx wepvi-dvqqvjv K ib wøzxq cökvi H wepvik, whwb mz K Rv bb wkš wepvi-dvqqvjvq hyjyg K ib, wzwb Rvnvbœvgx Z Zxq cökvi wepvik wzwb, whwb AÁZvi Dci gvby li wepvi-dvqqvjv K ib, wzwb RvnvbœvgxÕ 3 wepvikm Yi Kvb ivq cö`v bi mgq ivmvwš^z nõ j Pj e bv hgb nv`x Q G m Q, Avãyi ingvb web Avey evkiv (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z wzwb e jb, Avey evkiv (ivt) Zuvi Q j K wj L cvvv jb- ZLb wzwb wmwr v b Ae vb KiwQ jb- Zzwg ivmvwš^z Ae vq `yõe w³i gv S wepvidvqqvjv Ki eb bv Kbbv Avwg bex Kixg (Qvt)- K ej Z ï bwq, Ô Kvb wepvik hb ivmvwš^z Ae vq `yõr bi g a wepvidvqqvjv bv K iõ 4 b vqwepv ii Î wepvi Ki AvPiY hgb niqv DwPZ : (K) gvkïgvi weeiy kvš ghv R I Mfxi g bvwb e ki mv _ kªey Kiv (L) ev`x I weev`x K m y L emv bv 1. eylvix nv/3733, gymwjg nv/1689 2. wdk ûm mybœvn 3/400 ÔwePviÕ Aa vq; Dgvi Bebyj LvË ve, c t 307 3. Aveỳ ve`, Beby gvrvn, wgkkvz nv/3735, mb` Qnxn 4. eylvix nv/7158 8

(M) ev`x I weev`x Kvb c i mv _ c cvzg~jk AvPiY bv Kiv, hv Z Ab c i g a m ` ni m wó nq (N) mv xm Yi mv _ Ggb AvPiY bv Kiv, hv Z Zviv fxz-mš n q h_v_ mv cö`v b A g n q c o (O) ev`x-weev`x Kvb c K fxz-mš bv Kiv (P) cöe wëi ekezx n q Kvb c KZ K cöfvwez A_ev fxz-mš n q wksev A b i AvKv v gvzv ek gvkïgvi ivq cö`vb bv Kiv (Q) gvkïgvi ivq NvlYvi c~e ch š Zv GKvš fv e Mvcb ivlv (R) Av`vj Zi wepvikv h i Av M mswk ó Kvh e ZxZ Ab Kvb KvR bv Kiv (S) KK k fvlx, wbôzi ev DrcxoK bv niqv (T) µvavwš^z, zavz I Nyg RwoZ, Z `ªv Qbœ A_ev e w³mz Kvi Y Aw i ev `ywðš vmö Ae vq wepvikvh cwipvjbv bv Kiv (U) hz Y ch š kvš g b I wbweówp Ë wepvikvh cwipvjbv Kiv m e, ZZ Y wepvikvh cwipvjbv Kiv Ges weiw³ ev kªvwš eva nõ j wepvikvh gyjzex Kiv (V) ^xq AvZ xq- ^Rb ci ú ii wei gvkïgv `v qi Ki j Zvovûov bv K i Zv `i g a mg SvZv vc bi Póv Kiv (W) e emv-evwy R wjß bv niqv (X) ev`x-weev`x Kv iv wbku _ K FY MÖnY bv Kiv (Y) AvZ xq e ZxZ Kv iv wbku nõ Z Kvb Dcnvi- Dc XŠKb MÖnY bv Kiv (Z) Kvb Rvbvhvq kixk nõ j Ges i Mœ e w³ K `L Z M j Z_vq ekx Y Ae vb bv Kiv; i Mœ e w³ ev`x ev weev`x nõ j Zv `i K `L Z bv hviqv (_) ev`x ev weev`xi Kvb Avnv h i `viqvz MÖnY bv Kiv (`) GKwbôfv e kixôav Zi AbymiY Kiv (a) e w³z m úbœ, hvm Zv I mzzvi cözxk niqv, hv Z jv Kiv Zvi cöwz Av vkxj nq (b) RbM Yi mv _ mø envi Kiv Ges wbr Kg PvixMY KI mø envi Kivi wb ` k `Iqv 5 D j L, Igi (ivt) Avey g~mv AvkÔAvix (ivt)- K h `xn cî j Lb, 6 Dc iv³ e³e jv ZviB mvivsk ch v jvpbv : RvwZmsN mve Rbxb gvbevwakvi mb `i 10 I 11 bs avivi Av jv K b vqwepvi wel q h Av jvpbv Kiv n q Q m e vcv i BwZc~ e RvwZmsN mb `i 5, 6 I Ab vb aviv Z cöm½zt wkqzuv aviyv `qv n q Q Z e Av jvp 10bs aviv Z Kvb Awfhy³ e w³i b vqwepvi cvevi Î ^vaxb I wbi c Av`vjZ ev wepvi Ki kiyvcbœ niqvi cöwz ZvKx` `qv n q Q A_ vr D³ Av`vj Zi wepvik Ki wbku Awfhy³ e w³ ev mswk ó e w³ b vqwepvi cv eb weavq m mkj Av`vj Zi Avkª q hvevi K_v ejv n q Q Zvn j Gi Øviv GK_v úó nq h, ez gv b Avgv `i mgvr e e vq h Av`vjZ i q Q Zvi me jv ^vaxb I wbi c bq KviY RvwZms Ni GB mb ` Ô ^vaxb I wbi c Õ kã jv hvm K i mb`wu K cö_ gb wezwk Z I `ye j K i Zvjv n q Q Av iv cözxqgvb n Q h, ez gvb we k i ivóªxq e e vq mkj Av`vjZ ^vaxb I wbi c bq c vš i Bmjvgx Av`vj Z G mkj we klyevpk AwZwi³ kã hvm Kivi Kvb cö qvrb c o bv KviY Bmjvgx Av`vjZ ej Z eysvq KziAvb I Qnxn nv`xq wfwëk wepvi e e v GLv b Kg- ekx Kivi Kv iv Kvb my hvm bb Z e hymmwü Y h mgm vi mgvavb KziAvb-nv`x Q mivmwi cviqv hvq bv ZLb Bmjvgx Áv b cwêzmy BRwZnv `i gva g 7 Zvi mgvavb w` Z cv ib KviY Bmjv g BRwZnv `i `irv wkqvgz Aewa Lvjv i q Q GUv Avj vn&i c _ K we kl ingz gvbevwakvi mb `i 10 avivq D j L i q Q, GKRb Awfhy³ e w³ Ô ^vaxb I wbi c Õ Av`vj Z b vqwepv ii `vex Ki Z cvi eb wkš GLv b GK_vi Kvb M vivw U bb h, D³ Awfhy³ e w³ cök Z b vqwepvi cv eb wkbv? Z e G K_v mz h, gvbe iwpz weavbvbyhvqx GB AvB b b vqwepvi cv e bv KviY Gi c wz, cöyqb I cö qv M i q Q cöpzi fyj cöpwjz GB AvBb cwiez bkxj, ms kvab hvm Ges Gi e envi h_v_ bq fvi Z 1950 mv j Zv `i msweavb Pvjyi ci _ K 3 Rvbyqvix 2013 ch š 98 evi 8, gvwk b hy³iv óª cövq `yõk eq i (1987 ch š ) 30 evi Ges gvî 43 eq i evsjv `k mikvi 15 evi msweavb ms kvab K i Q Zey hb b vqwepvi wkfv e cöwzôv cv e, wkfv e mgv R kvwš -k sljv wd i Avm e Zv Z nv j cvwb cv Q bv hgb- MZ 6 gvp 2014 msm `i wba vwiz cö kœi Rev e ^ivóª cöwzgš x Avmv`y¾vgvb Lvb e j Qb, wemz gnv RvU mikv ii cuvp eq i 26 Rb duvwmi `Ê cviqv Avmvgxi mvrv gikzd K i Qb ivóªcwz 2001 mvj _ K `Ê gikzd cövß gvu 33 R bi g a AvIqvgxjxM Avg j 26 Rb, wegbwc-rvgvqvz RvU mikv ii Avg j 2 Rb Ges GK-GMv ivi ZË veavqk mikv ii mg q Av iv `yb e w³i duvwmi `Ê gikzd Kiv nq evkx 3 5. MvRx kvgqzi ingvb, gvijvbv DevB`yj nk (cögyl), wewae Bmjvgx AvBb (XvKv: BmjvwgK dvd Êkb, Ryb 1996), c. 221-222 6. `vivkzrbx nv/4524; Beby ZvBwgqvn, wgbnvrym mybœvn 6/37 7. eylvix, gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/3732 8. ZvInx `i WvK, Rvbyqvix- deª qvix 2014, c t 25 9

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e w³ G jv ms kvab nvk Pvq bv KviY GKUvB D Ïk Zv `i Kv qgx ^v_ i v Kiv c vš i Bmjvgx Av`vj Z AvB bi Ace env ii Kvb my hvm bb KviY GB Av`vj Z hviv _v Kb Ges hviv Gi mv _ mswk ó mkj c B gnv wepvik Avj vn K fq K ib Zviv ïay `ywbqv Z Avgxi ev Ljxdvi f q bq; cikv j Rvnvbœv gi f q me `v ZU _v Kb Avj vn I Zuvi ivm~ ji weav bi evb i H mkj gvbyl wkqzb Ki Z cv ib bv Avi GRb B mlv b b vqwepvi Avkv Kiv hvq we k i wewfbœ kw³ai DbœZ iv óªi w` K ZvKv j mn R Abygvb Kiv hvq Zviv wkfv e wek evmxi Ici we kl K i gymwjg Rvnv b Ab vq wepvi-hyjyg-wbh vzb Pvwj q hv Q myzivs mb `i 10 avivi Av jv K Av`vj Z Avkªq wb q Awfhy³ e w³ ev mswk ó e w³ Zvi b vh wepvi cvq bv, huv cvq Bmjvgx Av`vj Z GKBfv e RvwZmsN mb `i 11 avivi K Dcavivq hv ejv n q Q, Zvi msw ß A_ nõj h, Kvb Awfhy³ e w³ `vlx mve nevi c~e ch š wb R K wb ` vl cögv Yi Rb Av`vj Z AvZ c mg_ bi mkj my hvm cv e A_ vr m e w³ Av`vj Z Zvi AvBbRxex wb qvm w` Z cvi e, Rvwgb c Z cv i Ges iv qi c~e ch š KvD K `vlx mve Ges Kvbiƒc cywjkx nqivwb Ki Z cvi e bv BZ vw` Avi Bmjvgx weav b cö_ gb D j L i q Q Kvb Awfhy³ e w³i wei h_vh_ Z_ cögvyvw` bv c j Zv K hgb AvUK ivlv hv e bv A_ev hyw³msmz wkqz c ji Kvb DwKj/AvBbRxex QvovB Avmvgx wb Ri e³e Dc vcb Ki e GLv b Awf hvm cögv Yi `vwqz Awf hvmkvixi mv -cögvy bv c j Zvr wyk Avmvgx K Q o `Iqv nq GLv b Kvb Ihi-AvcwËi my hvm bb GUvB Bmjvgx wepvi c wz cöpwjz AvB b Nyl, `ybx wzi my hvm i q Q, hv Kej Avgv `i ` k bq, Ab vb ` ki we` gvb Avgv `i GLv b wepv ii evyx wbf Z Kuv ` GLv b cöpwjz AvB b GKRb Awfhy³ e w³i wepvi Ki Z nõ j KZ eqi, hym cvi n q hv Q Zvi Kvb wnmve bb G Z mswk ó `i Rxeb-msmvi meb kl K i `qv n Q 11 (L) Dcavivi Av jv K ivóªxq ev Avš R vwzk AvB b `vlyxq bv nõ j Kvb e w³ K `vlx mve Kiv hv e bv hw` ciezx Z H Kv Ri Rb Zvi cögvyi cviqv hvq, Z e Zvi Rb AwZwi³ Kvb kvw `qv hv e bv mvaviyz ivr bwzk e w³ I ivr bwzk Avkªq cöv_x `i Î GB AvBbwUi e envimz w`k dz U D V GLv b Kvb ` ki ivr bwzk Acivax ev ivóª KZ K `wêz e w³ K we k i h Kvb `k H e w³ `vlx nšk Avi bv nšk wb R `i ^v _ Zv K Avkªq w` Z cv i A_ev `k _ K V j w` Z cv i wk my `i AvBb? A_P evsjv `kmn we k i cövq mkj ` k G ivr bwzk AvB bi Lj-Zvgvkvi wpî `Lv hvq GLv b G aviv K h Kvb e w³ A_ev ivóªc my hvm gz Kv R jvmvq hlb Kvb mikvi g b K ib cöwzø Øx ivrbxwzk K R j cö ek Kiv bv A_ev ` ki evb i cvvv bv `ikvi, ZLb Zviv Zv K ib G AvB bi Ace envi K i evsjv `k G Î A bk GwM q GKBfv e we k i DbœZ `k jvi w` K ` wó w` ji mn R Abygvb Kiv hvq h, wkfv e gvbiwpz GBme AvBb K wb R `i ^v _ Kv R jvmv bv n Q c vš i Bmjv g Zv m ú~y wbwl cwi k l G K_v ejv hvq h, RvwZmsN mve Rbxb gvbevwakvi mb `i G mkj aviv jv h iwpz n q Q Avm j Zvi Kvb j -D Ï k I úózv bb bb Kvb vqxz mvgvb wkqz fvj w`k _vk ji Zvi h Î wu i q Q m my hv M e w³, RvwZ- Mvôx ev ivóªc I KLbI KLbI muv K Am`y Ï k Kv R jvmvq GKBfv e Kv R jvmv Q Avš R vwzk kw³ai ivóª jvi ZvB ejv hvq h, GB AvB bi Kvb w wzkxjzv hgb bb, Zgwb bb Gi cöwz Kv iv Av v KviY GB RivRxY AvB bi duvk duvk i c o mvaviy gvby liv me ^ nvwi q dj Q jvl jvl gvbyl wf UgvwU nvwi q c _ e m Q KZ gvbyl Rj-hyjy gi wkkvi n q Q, KZ gvby li AKvZ i Rxeb nvwi q Q, KZ kzmnmª gvbyl webv `v l Rj LvU Q Zvi BqËv bb c vš i Bmjvgx weav b Gi Kvb my hvm bb Ges D Ïk cö Yvw`Zfv e Bmjvgx AvBb AccÖ qv MiI Kvb my hvm bb G weav bi Kvb wek wz bb, bb Kvb ms kvab GUv Avj vn cö`ë Aåvš mz I b vqwbô wpiš b wepvwik weavb hvi gva g gvby li cök Z Kj vy mvwaz nq Ges GUvB mgv R myl-kvwš i GKgvÎ M vivw U [Pj e] Iqvnxw`qv Bmjvwgqv jvb eªix GLv b K Igx gv`ivmvi cvv cȳ K mn Avn jnv`xq `i wjwlz I cökvwkz mkj cökvi agx q eb Ges Wvt RvwKi bv q Ki eb mg~n cvbkvix I LyPiv g~ j cviqv hvq D j L, ïµevi mn QzwUi w`b wj ZI jvb eªix Lvjv _v K hvmv hvm Avãyj Iqvnx` web BDbym gv`ivmv gv K U (gmwr `i mvg b) ivyx evrvi, ivrkvnx gvevt 01730-934325, 01922-589645 11

gynv v` (Qvt)-B me kªô ivm~j Ave`yj vn web Ave`yi ivhhvk* gnvb Avj vn cweî KziAv b e j Qb, Avgiv Zuvi ivm~j `i g a Kvb cv_ K Kwi bv (evk vivn 2/285) gynv v` (Qvt) e j Qb, Zvgiv ivm~j `i gv S KvD K kªôz cö`vb K iv bv wzwb Av iv e jb, h e j Avwg BDbym web gvëv P q kªô, m wg_ÿ K- BZ vw` nv`xq jv w` q A b KB Avg Rbmvavi Yi g b fzj aviyv m wó Ki Q h, mkj ivm~j gh v`vmzfv e mgvb Ges Avgv `i ivm~j gynv v` (Qvt)- K me kªô ivm~j g b Kiv GKwU åvš AvK x`v (bvdhywej vn) h nzz GB `jxj jv AvcvZ` wó Z Zv `i gz K mg_ b K i, m nzz A b KB Gi Øviv cöfvwez n Q ZvB cwiw wzi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx Av jvp cöe Ü GB AvqvZ I nv`xq jvi mwvk e vl v Ges gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi me kªô ivm~j niqv wb q Av jvpbv Kivi cöqvm cve BbkvAvj vn gynv v` (Qvt) me kªô ivm~j : mkj bexi dhxjz g~jz `yb fv M wef³ cö_gz, mkj bex K Ggb wkqz dhxjz `qv n q Q, hv Ab bex `i KI `qv n q Q hgb g~mv (Avt)-Gi mv _ Avj vn K_v e j Qb Zgwb wgôiv R ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv _I wzwb K_v e j Qb wøzxqz, KwZcq bex K Ggb wkqz dhxjz `qv n q Q, hv Ab bex `i K `qv nqwb wkš GB dhxjz Zvui Ab bex `i Dci kªô niqvi cögvy enb K ibv GB ikg dhxjz Avgv `i bexmn Ab A bk bex KB `qv n q Q hgb Cmv (Avt)- K webv wczvq m wó Kiv Zvi Rb LvQ dhxjz, hv Ab bex `i K `qv nqwb GRb Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi GB ai bi dhxjz wb q Av jvpbv Kie bv AvR Ki Av jvpbv Z g~jz ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi H mg dhxj Zi Av jvpbv Kie BbkvAvj vn, hv Zvui Ab bex `i Dci kªô niqvi cögvy enb K i KziAvb _ K `jxj : 1. gnvb Avj vn cweî KziAv b e j Qb,. Ô ZvgivB kªô D vz, hv `i K gvbyl `i Rb ei Kiv n q Q Zvgiv Zv `i K mr Kv Ri Av `k Ki e, Amr KvR _ K evuav cö`vb Ki e Ges Avj vn&i cöwz wek vm Ki e hw` Avn j wkzveiv Cgvb AvbZ Zvn j Zv Zv `i Rb Kj vyki nõz (A_ vr Zviv GB kªô D v Zi * `viiv q nv`xq ( kl el ), `vi j Dj~g `Ie `, fviz Aš f z³ n q hz) Zv `i g a wkqz gymjgvb Ges AwaKvskB dv mkõ (Av j Bgivb 3/110) GB Avqv Zi e vl vq Avgiv ivm~j `i gv S cv_ K Kwibv g g wjwlz GKwU eb q ejv n q Q h, GLv b ZvgivB kªô D vz e j ïay ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi D vz D Ïk bq, eis cö Z K D v Zi gywgbmy D Ïk Avmyb Avgiv `wl mvjv d Qv jnxb GB Avqv Zi e vl vq D vz ej Z Kvb D vz D Ïk wb q Qb D j L h, GB eb q m c~y AvqvZ D j L Kiv nqwb ïay Avqv Zi cö_g Ask D j L Kiv n q Q hw` Avgiv m c~y AvqvZ cwo Ges Avqv Zi Av Mi I wcq bi Av jvpbv- hv K Aviex Z wmqvk I mvevk ev c~e vci m úk ejv nq- `wl, Zvn j mȳ cófv e cözxqgvb n e h, Avj vn D vz Øviv D v Z gynv v`x K eyws q Qb Kbbv Avj vn Avqv Zi mv _B GUv e j Qb h, hw` Avn j wkzve Cgvb wb q AvmZ Zvn j Zv `i Rb Kj vy nz Gi Øviv eysv hv Q, Zviv GB kªô D v Zi Aš f z³ bq GB Avqv Zi c ib Avj vn Bû`x m cö`vq K Awfkß m cö`vq e j Qb Gi ØvivI eysv hvq Zviv kªô D vz bq Gi c ii Avgiv nv`xq I mvjv d Qv jnx bi e vl v ck Kie BbkvAvj vn Bgvg wziwghx (int) GB Avqv Zi e vl vq ivm~j (Qvt) _ K GKwU nv`xq ey bv K i Qb hlv b ^qs ivm~j (Qvt) GB Avqv Zi e vl v Ki Qb Gfv e- Ô Zvgiv D Zi msl v mëi c~y KiQ ZvgivB GB mëi D Zi g a me kªô Ges me P q m vwbzõ 16 Gevi Avgiv GB Avqv Zi e vl vq mvjv d Qv jnx bi K_v `Le GB AvqvZ ck Kivi ci Be b KvQxi (int) e jb, : ÔAvj vn ZvÔAvjv GB D Z gynv vw`qv m c K Lei w` Qb h, Zviv mkj D Zi gv S kªô ZvB wzwb e j Qb, ZvgivB kªô D Z hv `i K gvbyl `i Rb ei Kiv n q QÕ 17 Gici Be b KvQxi (int) e jb, - ÔGB D Zi kªô Z i cögvy n Q, GB D Zi ivm~j kªô Kbbv wzwb Avj vn&i m wó RM Zi me P q m vwbz 16. wziwghx, wgkkvz nv/6285, mb` nvmvb 17. Beby KvQxi 2/93, Av j Bgivb 110 Avqv Zi e vl v `ªt 12

Ges bex `i g a me P q m vwbz Avj vn Zuv K Ggb nõ j Bû`x m cö`vq Rvbœv Z Kg hv e G Z g~mv (Avt)- c~y kixôavz w` q cöiy K i Qb, hv Zuvi c~ e Ab Kvb Gi `ytl Kivi wk Av Q? bex-ivm~j K `bwb 18 Be b KvQxi (int)-gi GB K_v Øviv có cözxqgvb n Q h, GLv b D Z Øviv D Z GRb B Avgv `i bex gynv v` (Qvt) e j Qb, gynv vw`qv D Ïk Ges Gi kªô niqvi KviY n Q, GB Ô Zvgiv AwaK mš vb D Zi bex (Qvt) mkj bexi g a kªô ivm~j cömekvix g q K weevn Ki Kbbv Avwg Zvgv `i Gici Be b KvQxi (int) `jxj wnmv e GKwU nv`xq msl vwak wb q wkqvg Zi gv V Me KieÕ 23 ck K ib, ÔAvgvi D Z K kªô wzwb AviI e jb, D Z Kiv n q QÕ 19 Ô Zvgiv ci c i gvivgvwi Z wjß n qv bv Kbbv Avwg GB Avqv Zi e vl vq Avj vgv kvikvbx (int) Zvui Zvgv `i wb q Me KieÕ 24 Ab nv`x Q có G m Q wek miv Zvdmxi MÖ š e jb, h, wzwb Ab bex `i mv _ Me Ki eb 25 ÔGB AvqvZ D Z GRb B Zv gnvb cözvckvjx Avj vn hlb gynv v` (Qvt)- K ej eb gv_v DVvI! hv PvIqvi PvI `Iqv n e, ZLb gynv vw`qv Ab D Zi Dci kªô GB wel qi Av jvpbv K kvwgj K i QÕ 20 wzwb ej eb, D vzx D vzx 26 Zvui D Z wb q wpwš Z niqvi GZ wk `ikvi? GRb wzwb D Z K cöwz Avj vgv RvjvjyÏxb myq~zx Zvui Zvdmx i RvjvjvB b GB Avhv bi k l Zvui Rb gvkv g gvng~ `i Rb `vôav Avqv Z Kv K m ^vab Kiv n q Q Zv ey bv Ki Z wm q Ki Z e jb Kbbv gvkv g gvng~` cviqv hgb ivm~j e jb, (Qvt)-Gi Me, Zgwb D Zi Me GK K_vq D Z I Ô Zvgiv n D Z gynv v`x! Avj vn&i Áv b kªô D ZÕ mb D Zi bexi kªôz ci c i IZ cövzfv e RwoZ ZvB hlb KziAvb _ K GB K_v cögvwyz n q GB Avqv Zi Zvdmx i cövq mkj mvjv d Qv jnxb GB Mj h, D Z gynv v`x me kªô D Z ZLb Aek B D Zi kªô niqvi A bk KviY D j L K i Qb hgb, GB D Zi mëi nvhvi gvbyl webv wnmv e Rbœv Z hv e 21 GUvI cögvwyz n q Mj h, GB D Zi bexi kªô Avi KbB ev bq? whwb me kªô D Zi bzv wzwb Kb gvïvk_v, D Z gynv v`x me kªô D Z Kbbv Zv `i me kªô n eb bv? hw` me kªô bv nb ZvnÕ j Zv Zuvi bex me kªô ivm~j GLb KD hw` mvjv d Qv jnxb I me kªô D Zi bzv ev bex niqvi hvm Zv bb ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi e vl v _ K m i G m wb Ri gbmov (bvdhywej vn) Avj vn Avgv `i G nb åvš AvK x`v _ K e vl v cö`vb K i Zvn j Zuvi wnmve Avj vn&i Kv Q i v Ki b Gic ii hw` Kv iv ey S bv Av m Ges m cökœ n Z cv i h, D Z gynv v`xi kªô niqv _ K ej Z Pvq h, mkj D Z Ges bex mgvb ZvnÕ j Avcwb wkfv e mve Kiv hvq, gynv v` (Qvt) kªô ivm~j? Gi Zv K Avj vn&i Kv Q `vôav Ki Z e jb, Avj vn hb DË i ejv hvq, D Zi kªô niqvi mv _ mb D Zi Zv K Bû`x Ges wlª vb `i mv _ wkqvg Zi gv V DVvb! bexi kªôz IZ cövzfv e RwoZ GB wrwbmuv eysvi GB D Zi kªô niqvi Av ikwu mnr `jxj n Q, Cmv Rb Avgiv K qkwu nv`xq ck Ki Z PvB wgôiv Ri (Avt) hlb Avmgvb _ K bvg eb ZLb Bgvg gvn`x iv Î hlb gynv v` (Qvt) g~mv (Avt)-Gi cvk w` q Zv K BgvgwZ Ki Z ej eb wkš wzwb GB D Zi hvw Q jb ZLb g~mv (Avt) Kuv`wQ jb Zv K Kuv`vi KviY m v b BgvgwZ Kiv eb bv 27 hlv b GKRb bex GB wr Ám Kiv nõ j wzwb e jb, D Zi m v b Giƒc Ki eb, ZvnÕ j mb D Zi bex KZ gnvb n Z cv ib AZGe GUvB mz h, mkj - ÔAvwg D Zi gv S kªô D Z D Z gynv v`x Ges mkj GRb Kuv`wQ h, Avgvi c i GKRb hyek K bex wnmv e bexi gv S kªô gynv v` (Qvt) cöiy Kiv n q Q hvi D Z Avgvi D Zi P q ekx Rvbœv Z hv eõ 22 2. ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi bv g Kmg gnvb Avj vn `ywbqvi GLv b có eysv hv Q h, D Zi KvbI gvby li bv g Kmg Lvb wb GKgvÎ Avgv `i ivm~j kªô Z i mv _ bexi kªôz IZ cövzfv e RwoZ Zv bv 18. H 19. Avngv` nv/1361, wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3939 20. dvrûj Kv`xi 1/425, Av j Bgivb 110 Avqv Zi e vl v `ªt 21. eylvix, gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/5295 22. eylvix, wgkkvz nv/ 5862 23. Aveỳ vd` nv/2050, wgkkvz nv/3091 24. wziwghx nv/2, Beby gvrvn nv/3940, Be b wneÿvb nv/5985 25. gymbv ` Avngv` nv/13594 26. eylvix nv/4712 27. gymwjg nv/156, wgkkvz nv/5507, Qnxnvn nv/2236 13

e ZxZ wzwb e jb ÔAvcbvi Rxe bi Kmg! wbðqb Zviv Avb `-Dj v m gë i q QÕ (wnri 15/72) GB Avqv Zi ci nv dh Beby KvQxi (int) e jb, - ÔAvj vn Zvi bexi Rxe bi Kmg K i Qb Avi GB Km gi g a i q Q gnvb m vb, DuPz vb Ges mxgvnxb L vwzõ Gici Be b KvQxi (int) Be b AveŸvm (ivt)-gi Zvdmxi wb q Av mb Ave`yj vn Be b AveŸvm (ivt) _ K ewy Z wzwb e jb, - : ÔAvj vn Ggb wkqz m wó K ibwb h gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi P q kªô Avi Avwg gnvb Avj vn K Avi Kv iv Rxeb K wb q (KziAv b) Kmg L Z ïwbwb gynv v` (Qvt) e ZxZ hgb gnvb Avj vn e jb, Avcbvi Rxe bi Kmg Zviv Avb `-Dj v m g Z Av Q 28 Avãyj vn Be b AveŸvm (ivt) Gi GB K_v cögvy K i h, gnvb Avj vn&i gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi bv g kc_ Kiv Zvi me kªô niqvi `jxj Ges Qvnvexiv gynv v` (Qvt)- K Avj vn&i kªô gvlj~k wnmv e wek vm Ki Zb 3. mkj bexi KvQ _ K kc_ MÖnY : gnvb Avj vn e jb, - ÔAvi hlb gnvb Avj vn mkj bexi wbku _ K kc_ wb jb GB e j h, Avwg Zvgv `i K wkzve I wnkgz `vb K iwq AZtci hlb Avgvi c _ K Zvgv `i wbk U ivm~j Avm e whwb Zvgv `i Kv Q hv Av Q Zvi mz vqb Ki eb, ZLb Aek B Zvgiv Zvi Dci Cgvb Avb e Ges Zv K mvnvh Ki e Avj vn ej jb, Zvgiv wk ^xk wz w` j Ges GB K_v g b Pjvi A½xKvi Ki j Zviv ej jb, Avgiv ^xk Z w`jvg ZLb Avj vn ej jb, Zvgiv mv x _vk Ges AvwgI Zvgv `i mv _ mv x _vkjvgõ (Av j Bgivb 3/81) 28. Zvdmxi Be b KvQxi, wnri 72 Avqv Zi e vl v `ªt GB AvqvZ ck Kivi ci Beby KvQxi (int) ivcmyj gydvmwmixb Ave`yj vn web AveŸvm (ivt)-gi e³e ck K i Qb wzwb e jb, : - ÔAvj vn Ggb Kv bv ivm~j cöiy K ibwb hvi KvQ _ K GB kc_ MÖnY K ibwb Z_v cö Z K ivm~ ji Kv Q wzwb GB g g kc_ wb q Qb h, hw` Avj vn gynv v` K cöiy K ib Ges mb bex ev ivm~j RxweZ _v K, Zvn j Zviv hb gynv v `i cöwz wek vm vcb K i I Zv K mvnvh K i Zv `i K GI wb ` k w` q Qb Zviv hb Zv `i D Zi KvQ _ K GB e j kc_ bq h, hw` gynv v` (Qvt)- K cöiy Kiv nq Ges Zviv RxweZ _v K, Zvn j Zviv hb gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi cöwz Cgvb Avbqb K i Ges Zv K mn hvwmzv K iõ 29 Gici Beby KvQxi (int) e jb, - ÔAvi gynv v` (Qvt) wkqvgz ch š kl bex wzwbb n Qb gnvb Bgvg hv K KvbI hy M cviqv M j mkj bexi Dci Zvi AvbyMZ Kiv hiƒix Avi GRb B wgôiv Ri iv Î wzwb Zv `i Bgvg wq jb hlb Zviv evqzzj gykvïv m Rgv n qwq jb AbyiƒcB wzwb nvk ii gq`v b Zv `i Rb Avj vn K wepvi ïi Kivi mydvwik Ki eb Avi GUvB gvkv g gvng~`, hv wzwb e ZxZ Kv iv Rb kvfv cvq bv 30 myzivs GB AvqvZ có cögvy Ki Q h, gynv v` (Qvt)- Gi Dci Cgvb wb q Avmvi Rb mkj ivm~ ji KvQ _ K kc_ bqvuv gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi mkj ivm~ ji Dci Kzj x ev mvgwók dhxjz GBRb ivm~j (Qvt) Igi (ivt)- K e jwq jb, hw` AvR g~mv RxweZ _vkz Zvn j Zvi Rb Avgvi AvbyMZ Kiv Qvov Zvi Kvb MZ š i _vkz bv 31 29. Zvdmx i Be b KvQxi, Av j Bgivb 81 bs Avqv Zi e vl v `ªt 30. Zvdmx i Be b KvQxi, Av j Bgivb 81 bs Avqv Zi e vl v `ªt 31. Avngv`, wgkkvz nv/177, BiIqvDj Mvjxj nv/1589 14

nv`xq _ K `jxj : - - 1. Ave`yj vn web gvmd` (ivt) _ K ewy Z wzwb e jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e j Qb, kl hvgvbvq wkqz gvbyl ei n e hviv n e Aí eqmx I wb e va Zviv m e vëg K_v ej e Zuviv KziAvb cvv Ki e wkš Zv Zv `i KÚbvwj AwZµg Ki ebv Zuviv Øxb _ K Zgbfv e ei n q hv e, hgb Zxi wklvi f` K i ei n q hvq 32 GB nv`x Q cófv e gynv v` (Qvt)- K me kªô m wó ejv n q Q 2. DevB Be b KvÔe (ivt) _ K ewy Z wzwb e jb ivm~j (Qvt) e j Qb, ÔAvwg wkqvg Zi w`b mkj bex `i Bgvg ev bzv ne Ges Zv `i gylcvî ne (A_ vr hlb wkqvg Zi gv V Zviv Avj vn&i mvg b K_v ej Z cvi eb bv ZLb Avwg Zv `i c _ K K_v eje) Ges Zv `i Rb mycvwikkvix ne 33 G Z Avgvi Kvb Me bb whwb mkj bexi Bgvg ev bzv n eb wzwb Aek B mkj bexi gv S kªô 3. Avey ûivqiv (ivt) _ K ewy Z wzwb e jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e j Qb, ÔAvwg wkqvg Zi gv V mkj Av`g mš v bi mi`vi ne AvwgB cö_î e w³ hv K cö_ g Kei _ K DVv bv n e AvwgB GKgvÎ e w³ h cö_ g kvdvôavz Ki e Ges hvi kvdvôavz cö_ g MÖnY Kiv n eõ 34 mvjv d Qv jnxb GB nv`xq Øviv mkj Av`g mš v bi Dci ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi kªôz cögvy K i Qb Aek Avgiv ivm~j `i gv S cv_ K Kwibv g g wjwlz eb q GB nv`x Qi GB e j Reve `qv n q Q h, KD bzv n jb Zvui kªô niqv hiƒix bq GB Awf hv Mi Reve `yõfv e `Iqv hvq cö_g Reve Zv mvjv d Qv jnxb GB nv`xq _ K ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mkj Av`g mš v bi Dci kªô niqvi `jxj MÖnY K i Qb wøzxqz, GiƒcB Ab GK nv`x Q G m Q, hlv b ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Ab bex `i Dci kªôz cófv e dz U I V 4. Avey mvc` Lỳ ix (ivt) _ K ewy Z, wzwb e jb ivm~j (Qvt) e j Qb, - ÔwKqvg Zi gv V mkj Av`g mš v bi mi`vi Avwg ne Ges Avwg GUv Me K i ejwqbv H w`b Avgvi nv Z n e cöksmvi SvÊv ev czvkv Avi H w`b Ggb KvbI bex _vk e bv, whwb Avgvi GB SvÊvi wb P mg ez n eb bv 35 GB nv`xq Øviv có eysv hv Q h, Av`g (Avt) _ K ïi K i mkj bex mb w`b gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi SvÊvi wb P mg ez n eb GUv gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi Ab bex `i Dci Kzj x ev mgwómz dhxjz AZGe wzwbb me kªô ivm~j Ges ivm~j `i mi`vi 5. Avey ûivqiv (ivt) _ K ewy Z, wzwb e jb ivm~j (Qvt) e j Qb, ÔAvwg cöwiz n qwq Av`g mš v bi me kªô hy MÕ 36 6. Ave`yj vn web gvmd` (ivt) _ K ewy Z wzwb e jb, : - ÔAvj vn Beivnxg (Avt)- K eüy wnmv e MÖnY K i Qb Ges Zvgv `i mv_x Z_v gynv v` (Qvt)I Avj vn&i eüy wbðq gynv v` (Qvt) Avj vn&i kªô m wó Gici wzwb GB AvqvZ cvv K ib- Avkv Kiv hvq h Avcbvi cöwzcvjk Avcbv K gvkv g gvng~` ev myd P gh v`vm cbœ vb `vb Ki ebõ 37 : - - 7. Avey ûivqiv (ivt) _ K ewy Z wzwb e jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e j Qb, 6wU welq Øviv Avgv K mkj bexi Dci kªôz `qv n q Q 1. Avgv K Aí fvlvq AwaK fve cökv ki gzv `qv n q Q 2. Avgv K mvnvh Kiv n q Q kî `i Aš i fxwz m wó Kivi gva g 3. Avgvi Rb MYxgZ nvjvj Kiv n q Q [D j L, MYxgZ c~e ez x D Zi Rb nvjvj wqjbv] 4. cy iv c w_ex K Avgvi Rb cweî I gmwr` K i `qv n q Q [hv Ab D Zi Rb wqjbv] 5. Avgv K cy iv m wói Kv Q cöiy Kiv 32. eylvix nv/6930, gymwjg nv/1066 33. Avngv` nv/21283; Be b gvrvn nv/4314, wgkkvz nv/5768 34. gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/5741 35. wziwghx nv/3615, wgkkvz nv/5761 36. eylvix nv/3557, wgkkvz nv/5739 37. gyqvbœvd Be b Avex kvqev nv/32343; wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/281 15

n q Q [Av Mi mkj bex K wbw` ó Mv Îi Rb cöiy Kiv n qwqj Ges Zv `i wimvjvz wqj wbw` ó mg qi Rb ] 6. Avgvi Øviv beya Zi avivevwnkzv K mgvß Kiv n q Q 38 : - : ] [ ] : : : [ ] : [ [ ] : - 8. Be b AveŸvm (ivt) _ K ewy Z wzwb e jb, wbðq gnvb Avj vn gynv v` (Qvt)- K bexmy I Avmgvbevmx Z_v d ikzv `i Dci kªôz w` q Qb ZLb Zviv Z_v Zvui QvÎiv ejj, n Be b AveŸvm! wk mi Øviv Avj vn Zv K Avmgvbevmx Z_v d ikzv `i Dci kªôz w` jb? Rev e wzwb ej jb, Avj vn d ikzv `i e j Qb, Ôhw` Zv `i g a KD e j h Avwg e ZxZ Kv bv Bjvn bvb Zvn j Avwg Zv `i K Rvnvbœv gi kvw w`e Avi Gfv e Avwg AZ vpvix `i kvw w` q _vwk (Avw ^qv 21/29) wkš ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi e vcv i e j Qb, ÔAvwg Avcbv K gnvb werq `vb K iwq hv Z K i Avj vn Avcbvi Av Mi I c ii bvn gv K i `bõ (dvrn 48/1-2) ZLb Zv K ejv nj, mkj bexi Dci Zvui kªôz wk? wzwb e jb, Avj vn Ab ivm~j `i Rb e j Qb, ÔAvi Avwg cö Z K ivm~j K Zvui RvwZi fvlvq cöiy K iwq hv Z K i Zviv Zv `i Rb Avgvi evyx ey bv Ki Z cv i Avi Avj vn hv K Pvb c_åó K ibõ (Beivnxg 14/4) Z_v cö Z K ivm~j wq jb Zvui wbr RvwZi Rb Avi gynv v` (Qvt)- K D Ïk K i Avj vn e j Qb, ÔAvwg Avcbv K mkj gvby li Kv Q cöiy K iwqõ (mvev 34/28) AZGe wzwb Zv K gvbyl I wr bi Kv Q cöiy K i Qb 39 - - 9. Avãyj vn Be b gvme` (ivt) _ K ewy Z wzwb e jb, Ôwbðq Avj vn Zvui ev `v `i Aš ii w` K `L jb Ges 38. gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/5748 ÔbexM Yi mi`v ii dhxjzõ Aa vq 39. nv Kg nv/3335, wgkkvz nv/5773 gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi Aš i K me kªô Aš i wnmv e c jb GB Rb Zv K wbe vpb Ki jb Ges ivm~j wnmv e `ywbqv Z cöiy Ki jbõ 40 10. wgôiv Ri iv Î hlb gnvbex gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi Rb eyivk wb q Avmv nj ZLb eyivk jvdvjvwd ïi K i Ges wreixj (Avt) Zv K e jb, ÔZzwg gynv v `i mv _ Giƒc KiQ! A_P BwZc~ e Zvgvi wc V Zvui P q kªô KD Av ivny K iwbõ 41 GB nv`x Qi e vl vq cövq mkj gynvwïq GKgZ cvly K i Qb h, GLv b Avgv `i bex K Ab bex `i P q kªô ejv n q Q Kbbv eyivk bex `i evnb wqj hgb nv dh Be b nvrvi AvmKvjvbx (int) Zvui ÔdvZûj evixõ Z GB wel q A bk ey bv Rgv K i Qb Gi g a H ey bvi Av Q hlv b ivm~j (Qvt) ej jb, AZtci Avwg evivk K evqzzj gykvïv mi H LyuwUi mv _ euvajvg hvi mv _ Ab bexiv evua Zb Z_v evivk Gi Av M Ab bexivi e envi K i Qb GQvov Av iv A bk ey bv Rgv K i evivk h bex `i Av ivnx wzwb Zv cögvy K i Qb 42 myzivs wreixj (Avt)-Gi GB K_v _ K GUvB cögvwyz nq h, gynv v` (Qvt) Ab bex `i P q kªô wq jb dvwjj vwnj nvg` 11. g~jz RvbœvZ n Q gvbe RvwZi g a K Avj vn&i KZ wcöq ev `v Ges KZ fvj I kªô ev `v Zv cögvy niqvi Ab Zg RvqMv GB Rvbœv Z Avgv `i ivm~ ji vb m c K ^qs gynv v` (Qvt) e jb, : - Ô Zvgiv Avgvi Rb Amxjv PvI Qvnvexiv ej jb, Amxjv wk n Avj vn&i bex? ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej jb, Rvbœv Zi me P q DuPz gh v`vm cbœ RvqMv GKRb e w³ e ZxZ Zv KD AR b Ki Z cvi e bv Avkv ivwl AvwgB ne mb e w³wuõ 43 ivm~j (Qvt) Avgv `i K cöwzw`b Avhv bi k l gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi Rb GB RvqMv PvB Z e j Qb Ges GI e j Qb h, Avgvi Rb Avhv bi k l GB RvqMv PvB e Zvui Rb wkqvg Z gv V kvdvôavz Kiv Avgvi Dci IqvwRe 44 GB nv`xq có eysv hv Q h, GB RvqMvi AwaKvix e w³ mkj Av`g mš v bi g a me P q kªô I m vbx n eb Ges wzwb n eb Avgv `i ivm~j gynv v` (Qvt) 12. kvdvôav Z Kzeiv : Avgv `i wcöq bex gynv v` (Qvt)- Gi mkj bexi Dci h mg Kzj x ev mgwómz dhxjz i q Q Zvi g a Ab Zg n Q kvdvôav Z Kzeiv 40. Avngv` nv/3600, wmjwmjv hcdvn nv/533, mb` nvmvb 41. wziwghx nv/3131, wgkkvz nv/5920 mb` Qnxn 42. dvzûj evix ÔwgÔivRÕ Aa vq, 2/207 43. wziwghx nv/3612, Ôivm~j (Qvt)-Gi dhxjzõ Aa vq, wgkkvz nv/657, mb` Qnxn 44. eylvix nv/614, wgkkvz nv/659 16

GKUv n Q cö Z K bex K Avjv`v Avjv`v dhxjz `qv hgb Cmv (Avt)- K webv wczvq m wó Kiv wkš GUv Zvi mkj bexi Dci mgwómz dhxjz bq Kbbv GB ikg dhxjz A bk bex KB `qv n q Q wkš GKRb bexi czvkvi wb P mkj bex (Avt)- K mg ez Kiv, Zvi KZ K mkj bexi BgvgwZ Kiv Ges Zv K mkj bexi mi`vi ev Bgvg evbv bv BZ vw` mkj bexi Dci Zuvi Kzj x ev mgwómz dhxjz GB ai bi dhxjz ïay Avgv `i ivm~j gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi Av Q GB ikgb GKwU dhxjz n Q kvdvôav Z Kzeiv GB kvdvôavz m c K gnvb Avj vn e jb, Ô K Av Q Ggb, h mycvwik Ki e Zuvi Kv Q Zuvi AbygwZ QvovÕ (evk viv 2/255) gnvb Avj vn GB kvdvôavz ev mycvwik Kivi AbygwZ Avgv `i wcöq bex gynv v` (Qvt)- K w` eb Ges mkj bexi AcviMZv cökvk Kivi ci w` eb hv Zvi mkj bexi Dci mgwómz dhxjz msw ß NUbv nj nvk ii gv V gnvb cözvckvjx Avj vn hlb Avmgvb K GK nv Z I hgxb K GK nvz wb q ûskvi w` eb, Kv_vq mb AZ vpvix ivrv-ev`kvniv? Avi Zvi GK QÎ gvwjkvbv I ivr Z i ewntcökvk NUv eb, wvk Zgwb gvbyl hlb Avj vn&i Avhv ei f q fxz n q hv e Ges Amnbxq Avhv e MÖßvi n e, wkš wkqvg Zi gvv _ K evupvi KvbI c_ Lyu R cv ebv Gw` K Avevi wepvi ïi n Q bv ZLb cö Z K D Zi gywgbmy GKwÎZ n q GKRb mycvwikkvix Lyu R wdi e hv Z K i Zviv GB fxly msku _ K invb c Z cv i cö_ g Zviv Av`g (Avt)-Gi Kv Q Mgb Ki e AZtci ch vqµ g b~n, Beivnxg, g~mv, Cmv (Avt)-Gi Kv Q hv e cö Z K bex wb R `i Î wu D j L K i Zv `i A gzvi K_v cökvk Ki eb Ae k l Zviv bex (Qvt)-Gi Kv Q Avm e wzwb gvbyl K GB wec`rbk Ae v n Z gy³ Kivi Rb Avj vn&i Avi ki bx P wmr`vebz n eb Avj vn&i cöksmv I YKxZ b Ki eb ZLb Avj vn Zvu K gv_v DwV q cöv_ bv Kivi AbygwZ w` eb wzwb ZLb mgmö gvby li wnmvewbkv ki R b Avj vn&i Kv Q mycvwik Ki eb Avj vn Zvui `vôav Ges kvdvôavz Keyj Ki eb GwUB nj gvk v g gvng~` ev mygnvb gh v`v, hv Avj vn Zv K `vb K i Qb 45 13. mkj bexi BgvgwZ : mkj bexi Dci gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi Av ikwu mgwómz dhxjz n Q gnvb Avj vn Zuv K w` q wgôiv Ri iv Î mkj bexi BgvgwZ Kwi qwq jb hgb nv`x Q G m Q,... ÔAvwg Avgv K ivm~j `i RvgvÔAv Zi g a cjvg... BwZg a Qvjv Zi mgq n q M j Avwg Zv `i BgvgwZ KijvgÕ 46 14. Iqvwmjv web AvmKv (ivt) _ K ewy Z wzwb e jb ivm~j (Qvt) e j Qb, - Ôgnvb Avj vn BmgvC ji mš vb `i g a _ K ebx wkbvbv K wbe vpb K i Qb Ges ebx wkbvbvi g a _ K KzivBk K wbe vpb K i Qb Ges KzivB ki g a _ K ebx nv kg K wbe vpb K i Qb Avi Avgv K wbe vpb K i Qb ebx nv kg _ K 47 wkš A b KB ej Z cv i, GB nv`x Q gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi Bevivnxg (Avt)-Gi mš vb `i g a kªô niqv cögvwyz nq Kxfv e wkš GB ikg Av iv A bk nv`xq Av Q h jv Z gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi mkj ebx Av` gi g a kªô niqv cögvy K i hgb,... - - ÔAveŸvm (ivt) _ K ewy Z wzwb e jb ivm~j (Qvt) wg ^v i D V ej jb, Avwg K? ZLb QvnvexMY ej jb, Avcwb Avj vn&i ivm~j ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej jb, Avwg gynv v` web Avãyj vn web Avãyj gyëvwje Avj vn m wó Rxe m wó KiZ Avgv K Zv `i fv jv `i Aš f z³ K i Qb AZtci Zv `i K `yõfv M fvm K i Qb [Z_v Avie I AvRg] Ges Avgv K kªô fv Mi Aš f z³ K i Qb AZtci Zv `i K wewfbœ Mv Î wef³ K i Qb Ges Avgv K kªô Mv Î vb w` q Qb AZtci Zv `i K wewfbœ evwo Z c _K K i Qb Ges Avgv K kªô evwo Z vb w` q Qb AZGe Avwg Zv `i g a evwoi w`k w` qi kªô Ges e w³i w`k w` qi kªô 48 eyw e wëk `jxj : 1. KziAvb me kªô wkzve GB wkzve hb gv m AeZxY n q Q Zv me kªô gvm hb iv Z AeZxY n q Q Zv me kªô ivz hb RvqMvq AeZxY n q Q Zv me kªô RvqMv hb d ikzv wb q G m Qb wzwb me kªô d ikzv hb bexi Dci AeZxY n q Q wzwb Aek B me kªô ivm~j 2. gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi beyaz Ab vb ivm~j `i beya Zi P q ˆewkó MZfv e A bk gnvb Kbbv, gnvb Avj vn gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi beya Zi Øviv Ab mkj bexi beyaz I Øxb K gvbm~l ev iwnz K i w` q Qb Ab w` K Avgv `i wcöq bex gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi beyaz Ab KvbI bexi beyaz Øviv gvbmyl n ebv Ab bex `i beyaz wqj wbw` ó Mv Îi Rb Ges ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi beyaz mviv c w_exi mkj gvby li Rb Avi whwb GB beya Zi AwaKvix wzwb Aek B Ab mkj bex `i P q kªô [Pj e] 45. eylvix I gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/5572, ÔnvIh I kvdvôavzõ Aa vq 46. gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/5866, Ôdvhv q j mvb q`yj gyimvjxbõ Aa vq 47. Avngv` nv/17027, wziwghx nv/3605 48. wgkkvz nv/5757; wziwghx nv/3532 17

wgôivr irbx Z KiYxq I er bxq AvZ-ZvnixK W ÔwgÔivRÕ msnwuz n qwqj ire gv m wgôivr Bmjv gi BwZnv m GgbwK cyiv beyiqv Zi BwZnv mi GK Awe iyxq NUbv KviY me Kv ji me kªô gnvgvbe I ivm~j gynv v` (Qvt) Qvov Ab Kvb bex GB mšfvm jvf Ki Z cv ibwb Avi G Kvi YB gynv v` (Qvt) me kªô bex G wgôivr irbx ZB gvbe RvwZi kªô Bev`Z cuvp Iqv³ QvjvZ dih nq wgôivr ( ) Aviex kã, A_ wmuwo kvic A _ evqzzj gyk vïvm _ K h A jšwkk wmuwoi gva g ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)- K mß Avmgv bi Dc i Avi ki wbk U Avj vn&i mvwbœ a wb q hviqv nq, mb wmuwo K ÔwgÔivRÕ ejv nq cvwifvwlk A _ wnri Zi c~ e GKwU we kl iv Zi kl cön i evqzzj vn nõ Z evqzzj gyk vïvm ch š Ô eviv K Õ ågy, AZtci mlvb _ K A jšwkk wmuwoi gva g mß Avmgvb cwi q Avi k Avj vn&i mvwbœ a Mgb I cybivq evqzzj gyk vïvm n q eviv K Av ivny K i cöfv Zi Av MB g vq wbr M n cöz vez bi NUbv K ÔwgÔivRÕ ejv nq 49 ÔBmivÕ ( ) k ãi A_ ivwîkvjxb ågy ÔBmivÕ ej Z wgôiv Ri ivwî Z ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi gmwr`yj nvivg _ K gmwr`yj AvK Qv ch š mdi K eysv bv nq A_ vr ÔBmivÕ nõj hgxb _ K hgx b ågy Avi hgxb _ K EaŸ jv K ågy K wgôivr ejv nq KziAvb gvrx `i m~iv evbx BmivC ji 1g Avqv Z ÔBmivÕ Ges m~iv bvr gi 13 _ K 19 AvqvZ ch š Ôwgiv RÕi NUbv ewy Z n q Q GQvov 26-Gi AwaK Qvnvex KZ K eylvix, gymwjgmn cövq mkj nv`xq MÖ š gyzviqvwzi ch v q wgôiv Ri NUbvejx ewy Z n q Q myzivs wgôivr AKvU fv e cögvwyz GKwU mz NUbv hv Z m `n cvl Yi Kvb AeKvk bb wgôiv Ri msw ß NUbv : GK`v iv Z ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) KvÔevi nvzx g, Ab ey bvq wbr M n (D nvbxiv N i) Nywg q wq jb iv Zi klfv M wreixj (Avt) Avj vn&i wb ` kg Z ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi wbku Dcw Z n q Zuv K eviv K i wc V Av ivny Kwi q evqzzj vn _ K evqzzj gyk vïv m wb q hvb mlv b cuš Q wzwb evivk wu K GKwU cv_ ii mv _ eu a evqzzj gyk vïv m `yõivkôavz QvjvZ Av`vq K ib AZtci Zuvi wbku EaŸ jv K åg Yi we kl evnb Dcw Z Kiv nq gzvš i H eviv K i gva g wreixj (Avt) Zuv K gnvb Avj vn&i mvwbœa jv fi Rb Ôwm`ivZzj gybzvnvõ ch š wb q hvb cw_g a cö_g Avmgv b Av`g (Avt), wøzxq Avmgv b Bqvn&Bqv I Cmv (Avt), Z Zxq Avmgv b BDmyd (Avt), PZz_ Avmgv b B`ixm (Avt), câg Avmgv b nviƒy (Avt), lô Avmgv b g~mv (Avt) Ges mßg Avmgv b gymwjg RvwZi wczv Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi mv _ Zuvi mv vr I cwipq nq AZtci RvbœvZ-Rvnvbœvg I ÔevqZzj gvôg~iõ cwi`k b K ib wm`ivzzj gybzvnv cuš Q wreixj (Avt) Zuv K Z_vq GKv i L P j hvb Gici ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)- K ÔididÕ evnb Avik ch š cuš Q `q AZtci ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)- K GK UzKiv gn Av Qvw`Z K i d j ZLb ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) wmr`vq jywu q c ob G mgq gnvb Avj vn Zuvi ev `vi AZxe wbk U Av mb Ges Zuvi w` K Su z K c ob G mgq Df qi gv S `~iz wqj `yb abyk ev `yb M RiI Kg ZLb Avj vn Zuv K Anx K ib- - ÔAZtci wbkuez x nõj, m Zvi AwZ wbkuezx ZLb `yb aby Ki e eavb wqj ev ZviI Kg ZLb Avj vn ^xq ev `vi cöwz hv cöz v `k Kivi Zv Ki jbõ (bvrg 53/8-10) Avj vn cvk D Z gynv v`xi Rb 50 Iqv³ QvjvZ dih K ib AZtci ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi Dci _ K gngvjv m i M j wzwb wreixj (Avt)-Gi mv _ `ywbqv Z wd i Avmvi Rb iibv `b cw_g a lô Avmgv b g~mv (Avt) Zuv K wgôiv Ri cövwß I cöz v `k m ú K wr Ám Ki j ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Zuv K 50 Iqv³ Qvjv Zi K_v e jb g~mv (Avt) Zuv K cybivq Avj vn&i wbku wd i wm q Qvjv Zi cwigvy Kwg q Avbvi Rb civgk w` jb g~mv (Avt)-Gi cxovcxwo Z ivm~j (Qvt) K qkevi Avj vn&i wbku hvb Ges Qvjv Zi Iqv ³i cwigvy n«vm Kivi Aby iva K ib d j Avj vn ZvÔAvjv ^xq AbyMÖ n 50 Iqv³ QvjvZ K Kgv Z Kgv Z 5 Iqv³ K i `b, hv 50 Iqv ³i dhxj Zi mgvb ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) ^P RvbœvZ, Rvnvbœvg, evqzzj gvôg~i, gvkv g gvng~`, nvi h KvIQvi BZ vw` cwi`k b K i evqzzj gyk vïv m wd i Av mb Ges wewfbœ Avmgv b h mkj Avw ^qv q Kiv gi mv _ mv vr n qwqj, ZvivI Zuvi mv _ evqzzj gyk vïv m AeZiY K ib AZtci wzwb Avw ^qv q Kivg K mv _ wb q mlv b `yõivkôavz Qvjv Zi BgvgwZ K ib (Kv iv g Z mwu wqj dr ii QvjvZ) QvjvZ k l Zuv K Rvnvbœv gi `v ivmv Ôgv jkõ d ikzvi mv _ cwipq Kwi q `Iqv nq AZtci 49. gynv v` Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwje, wgôivr, gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK, 7g el, 12Zg msl v, m Þ ^i-2004, c t 3 18

eviv K Av ivny K i AÜKvi _vkv Ae vq wzwb cybivq g vq wbr M n wd i Av mb 50 wgôivr msnwuz niqvi mgqkvj : wgôivr msnwuz niqvi mwvk ZvwiL ev w`b Y m ú K gynvwïqxb I Ijvgv q Kiv gi gv S gzcv_ K cwijw Z nq Avi-ivnxKzj gvlz~g-gi jlk QwdDi ingvb gyevikcyix (int) G wel q 6wU gzvgz D j L K i Qb h_v- (1) beyiqvz cövwßi eqi, (2) 5g beex e l, (3) 10g beex e l i 27 k ire iv Z, (4) KD e j Qb, wnri Zi 16 gvm c~ e 12 beex e l i ivgvhvb gv m, (5) KD e j Qb, wnri Zi 14 gvm c~ e 13 beex e l i gynviig gv m Ges (6) KD e j Qb, wnri Zi GK eqi c~ e 13 beex e l i iexdj AvDqvj gv m AZtci gyevikcyix (int) e jb, cö_g wzbwu gz MÖnY hvm bq G Kvi Y h, Lv`xRv (ivt) 10g beex e l i ivgvhvb gv m gviv M Qb Avi ZLbI cuvp Iqv³ QvjvZ dih nqwb Avi G wel q mk j GKgZ h, QvjvZ dih n q Q wgôiv Ri ivwî Z evkx wzbwu gz m ú K wzwb e jb, G jvi KvbwU K Avwg AMÖvwaKvi `e Zv f e cvb bv Z e m~iv evbx BmivC j ewy Z Avqv Zi c~e vci m úk G welqwu cögvy K i h, ÔBmivÕi NUbvwU ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi Rxe bi G Kev i k li w` K n qwqj 51 Kv iv g Z 620 ev 621 L óv ã beyiqv Zi `kg eq ii ire gv mi 27 ZvwiL iv Z wgôivr msnwuz n q Q nv dh Beby KvQxi (int) L vzbvgv R ô Zv ec Beby wknve hynixi eiv Z e jb, wnri Zi GK eqi c~ e wgôivr msnwuz n qwqj 52 AZGe wbw` ófv e 27 k ire w`evmz iv Z wgôivr n qwqj e j h K_v cvk-fviz Dcgnv ` k cöpwjz Av Q Zv wbzvš B `jxjwenxb 53 Ab vb a g i jv Ki b vq gymjgvbivi hv Z a g i bv g A nzzk AvbyôvwbKZvq e `x bv n q c o m Kvi Y ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)- Gi Rb w`b, jvqjvzzj K `i BZ vw`i b vq jvqjvzzj wgôiv Ri w`b-zvwil KI fywj q `Iqvi g a gnvb Avj vn&i c~y KŠkj wbwnz Av Q e j AbywgZ nq wgôiv Ri cövwß : wgôiv R gnvb Avj vn Zuvi wcöq ev `v gynv v` (Qvt)- K ^xq mvwbœ a W K wb q D Z gynv v`x K cyi vi ^iƒc wzbwu welq cö`vb K ib h_v- (1) cuvp Iqv³ QvjvZ hv dhxj Zi w`k w` q 50 Iqv ³i mgvb myzivs QvjvZ nõj D Z gynv v`xi Rb Avj vn&i `Iqv me P q eo cyi vi KviY Qvjv Zi gva gb gvby li ˆbwZK Dbœqb N U Avi ˆbwZK DbœwZB nõj mkj DbœwZi PvweKvwV (2) m~iv evk vivn&i k li K qkwu 50. eylvix, gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/5862-66, ÔwgÔivRÕ Aa vq 51. gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK, m Þ ^i-2004, c t 7 52. Z `e 53. gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK, 1g el, 3q msl v, b f ^i-1997, c t 9 AvqvZ (285-86) KviY G AvqvZ jv Z D Zi cöwz Avj vn&i A kl ingz I AbyMÖn cökvk Kiv n q Q (3) D Z gynv v`xi g a hviv KL bv wkik K iwb, Zv `i K gv Kivi mymsev` KviY wkik nõj cvcmg~ ni g a me P q eo cvc ( jvk gvb 31/13) gnvb Avj vn Ab Kvb cv ci Kvi Y mivmwi RvbœvZ nvivg NvlYv K ibwb wkik e ZxZ (gv q`vn 5/72) Avi GKgvÎ wki Ki Mvbvn Qvov Ab vb Mvbvmg~n Avj vn hv K B Qv gv K i w` eb (wbmv 4/48) D j L h, wgik vz, ivïyj gynzvi, wgmkzj wlzvg cöf wz MÖ š mskwjz n q Q h, wgôiv R ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) ÔAvËvwnBqvZzÕ cövß n qwq jb A_P GK_vi ^c Kvb weï cögvy cviqv hvq bv AZGe wfwënxb G mg e³e _ K weiz _vkv Avek K wgôiv Ri D Ïk I wk v : ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi wgôivr Z_v EaŸ jv K Mg bi D Ïk e vck gnvbex gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi beyiqvzx Rxe b wgôiv Ri gz GK gwngvwš^z I A jšwkk NUbv msnwuz niqvi cq b h KviY jv gyl Zv nõj- (1) gnvb Avj vn&i GKvš mvwbœ a nvwhi niqv, (2) EaŸ jvk m ú K mg K Ávb AR b, (3) A` k fvm m ú K we kl Ávb jvf, (4) BnKvj I cikvj m ú K Ávb AR b, (5) ^P RvbœvZ-Rvnvbœvg Ae jvkb, (6) c~e ez x bexivm~jm Yi mv _ mv vr I cwiwpz niqv, (7) mywekvj b fvgêj cwiågy Kiv Ges (8) m e vcwi GwU K GKwU Abb gyôwrhv wnmv e cöwzôv Kiv wgôiv Ri wk v m ú K Bgvg KziZzex (int) e jb, gnvb Avj vn Zuvi ivm~j K ÔAve`Õ ev `vm e j m ^vab K i Qb Gi gg v_ GB h, ev `vi Rb Gi P q m vwbz Kvb bvg Avj vn&i Kv Q bb, _vk j Aek B m bv g ivm~j (Qvt)- K m ^vab K i m vwbz Kiv nõz Avi wgôiv Ri me P q eo wk v nõj me cökvi Me - AnsKvi P~Y K i Avj vn&i me P q eo `vm niqvi Póv Kiv KviY `vm Z i g a B me vwak m vb I gh v`v wbwnz i q Q AZGe Rxe bi me Î Avj vn&i `vmz Kiv I Qvjv Zi ndvhz KivB nõj wgôiv Ri me P q eo Ges g~j wk v wgôivr Dcj KiYxq I er bxq : Avgv `i ` k Z_v fvizxq Dcgnv ` k wgôivr Dcj AbywôZ wewfbœ mwgbvi-wm úvwrqvg, Av jvpbv mfv, `vôav, gxjv`, Iqvh gvnwdj BZ vw` Abyôv b k e wgôiv Ri i Z I dhxjz m ú K eû ev bvqvu Kí- Kvwnbx I wfwënxb Rvj-gIh~Ô nv`x Qi ey bv kvbv hvq hvi `yõgkwu wbgœiƒc- Avey ûivqiv (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z, ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Gikv` K ib, Ô h e w³ ire gv mi 27 ZvwiL A_ vr wgôivr 19

w`e m wqqvg cvjb Ki e, Zvi Avgjbvgvq 60 gv mi wqqv gi bkx jlv n eõ Avbvm (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z, ivm~j~j vn (Qvt) Gikv` K ib, Ô h e w³ 27 ire (A_ vr wgôiv Ri ivwî Z) Bev`Z Ki e, Zvi Avgjbvgvq GKkÕ eq ii Bev` Zi QIqve jlv n eõ kvqlyj Bmjvg Bgvg Be b Zvqwgqvn (int) e jb, ire gv mi 27 Zvwi Li iv Zi Qvjv Zi e vcv i Ijvgv q Bmjvg HK gz cvly K i Qb h, GwU cögvy hvm bq 54 wgôivr Dcj ire gv mi dhxjz m ú K I eû Rvj nv`xq kvbv hvq Zb a KwZcq wb gœ D Z nõj- 1. Avbvm Beby gv jk (ivt) ey bv K ib, ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb, Ô h e w³ ir ei cö_g irbx Z gvmwi ei Qvjv Zi ci wek ivkôavz QvjvZ Av`vq Ki e, hvi cö Z K ivkôav Z m~iv dvwznv I m~iv BLjvQ co e...õ AZtci `xn nv`xq ey bv K i Qb Bebyj RvIhx e jb, nv`xqwu gih~ ev Rvj 55 2. Beby AveŸvm (ivt) ey bv K ib, ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb, Ô h e w³ ir ei w`e m wqqvg cvjb Ki e Ges Pvi ivkôavz QvjvZ Av`vq Ki e, hvi cö_g ivkôav Z GKkZ evi AvqvZzj Kzimx co e...õ BZ vw` BZ vw` Bebyj RvIhx e jb, nv`xqwu gih~ Gi mb ` IQgvb bvgk ivex gynvwïqm Yi ` wó Z cwiz ³ 56 3. Avbvm web gv jk (ivt) e jb, ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb, Ô h e w³ ir ei irbx Z PŠÏ ivkôavz QvjvZ Av`vq Ki e, hvi cö Z K ivkôav Z m~iv dvwznv GKevi, Kzj ûiqvj vû Avnv` wekevi, Kzj AvEhy weiweÿj dvjvk wzbevi, Kzj AvEhy weiweÿb bvm wzbevi co e AZtci QvjvZ nõ Z dv im n q `kevi `iƒ` co e... Õ BZ vw` Bebyj RvIhx e jb, nv`xqwu gih~ 57 Avey mvc` Lỳ ix (ivt)-gi bv g ewy Z Rvj nv`x Q Av Q h, ivm~j (Qvt) bvwk e j Qb, ÔiRe gvm Avj vn&i gvm, kvôevb gvm Avgvi gvm Ges ivgvhvb gvm D Zi gvm AZGe h e w³ Cgv bi Ae vq bkxi Avkvq ir ei wqqvg cvjb Ki e Zvi Rb Avj vn&i gnv m š vl AeavwiZ n q hvq Ges Zv K wzwb RvbœvZzj di `Š m vb w` eb... h e w³ ire gv m 2 _ K 15wU wqqvg cvjb Ki e, Zvi bkx cvnv oi gz n e... m Kzô, k Z I cvmjvgx ivm _ K gyw³ cv e... Rvnvbœv gi mvzwu `irv Zvi Rb eü _vk e... Rvbœv Zi AvUwU `irv Zvi Rb Lvjv _vk eõ RvjvjyÏxb myq~zx (int) e jb, nv`xqwu Rvj 58 AZGe ire gv mi m v b we kl wqqvg cvjb Kiv, 27 k ir ei ivwî K k e wgôivr aviyv K i H ivz K Bev` Zi Rb wbw` ó Kiv, D³ D Ï k we kl Kvb ag xq Abyôvb Kiv, whwki-avhkvi, kvexbv LZg I `vôavi Abyôvb Kiv, gxjv` I Iqvh gvnwdj Kiv, H iv Zi QIqve jv fi D Ï k mwgbvi I wm úvwrqvg Kiv, wk v cöwzôvb eü ivlv, mikvix QzwU NvlYv Kiv I Zvi d j RvZxq A_ bxwzi wekvj As Ki wz Kiv, Qnxn nv`xq ev` w` q wgôiv Ri bv g D U me MíevwR Kiv, wgôivr K weávb Øviv cögvy Ki Z wm q Abygvb wfwëk K_v ejv, H w`b AvZkevwR, Av jvkm¾v, Kei whqviz, `vb-lqivz Ges G gv mi dhxjz jv fi Avkvq Igivn cvjb BZ vw` meb we`ôav Zi ch vqfy³ 59 AZGe wgôivr Dcj cvwjz Dwj wlz we`ôavz mg~n er b K i eis Avj vn&i wb ` k g b G w` bi I gv mi m v b gvivgvwi, Lybv-Lywb I mš vmx Kvh µg _ K `~ i _vkvb eo bkxi KvR Rv njx hy Mi Kv diivi G gv mi m v b Av cv l SMov-dvmv` I hy -wemön eü ivlz A_P gymjgvbiv AvR ch š Avj vn&i ûkzg g b Zuvi m v b Av cv l nvbvnvwb I mš vmx Kvh µg _ K weiz nõ Z cv iwb hv AZ š `yf vm RbK gnvb Avj vn Avgv `i K wgôiv Ri cök Z wk v Dcjwä K i wkikwe`ôavzmn me cökvi Mwn Z KvR _ K eu P _vkvi ZvIdxK `vb Ki b- Avgxb! 58. gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK, b f ^i-1998, c t 22 59. gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK, m Þ ^i-2004, c t 9 54. AvZ-ZvnixK, 2q el, 2q msl v, b f ^i-1998, c t 22 55. wkzveyj gih~ôavz, 2q LÊ (ˆei Z Qvcv), c t 123 56. Z `e 57. Z `e 20

k eeivz AvZ-ZvnixK W Aviex kvôevb gv mi 14 ZvwiL w`evmz ivz K mvaviyfv e Ôk eeivzõ ev ÔjvqjvZzj evivavzõ ( ) ejv nq Ôk eeivzõ kãwu dvimx Gi A_ wnm&mv ev wb ` k cviqvi ivwî wøzxq kãwu Aviex hvi A_ we Q` ev gyw³i ivwî G ` k k eeivz Ô mšfvm irbxõ wnmv eb cvwjz nq GRb mikvix QywU NvwlZ nq jv Kiv aviyv K i h, G iv Z ev `vn&i bvn gvd nq Avqy I iƒhx e w Kiv nq mviv eq ii nvqvz-gd Zi I fv M i iwróªvi wjwlz nq GB iv Z iƒn jv me AvZ xq- ^R bi mv _ gyjvk v Zi Rb c w_ex Z b g Av m we kl K i weaeviv g b K ib h, Zv `i ^vgx `i iƒn H iv Z N i d i GRb N ii g a Av jv R j weaevmy mviv ivz g Z ^vgxi iƒ ni AvMg bi Avkvq eyk eu a e m _v Kb evmm n ayc-aybv, AvMievwZ, gvgevwz BZ vw` w` q Av jvwkz Kiv nq AMwYZ evj R vwj q Av jvkm¾v Kiv nq GRb mikvix cyi vii NvlYv Kiv nq AvZ xqiv me ` j ` j Mvi v b Qy U hvq nvjyqvi wui wnwok c o hvq Q jiv cukv dvwu q AvZkevwR K i ˆn-û j v o ivz KvwU q `q hviv KL bv Qvjv Z Af bq, ZvivI H iv Z gmwr ` wm q ÔQvjv Z Avj&wdqvnÕ ) ( ev 100 ivkôavz QvjvZ Av`v q iz nq, hlv b cöwz ivkôav Z 10 evi K i m~iv q BLjvQ cov nq ms c GB nõj G ` k k eeiv Zi bv g cöpwjz Bmjvgx c e i ev e wpî agx q wfwë : gvuvgywu `yõwu agx q AvK x`vb Gi wfwë wnmv e KvR K i _v K 1. H iv Z ev `vn&i bvn gvd nq AvMvgx GK eq ii Rb fvj-g ` ZvK `xi wba vwiz nq Ges GB iv Z KziAvb bvwhj nq 2. H iv Z iƒn wj Qvov c q g Z b g Av m nvjyqv-i wu m ú K ejv n q _v K h, Hw`b Avj vn&i bex (Qvt)-Gi `v `vb gyevik I nv `i hy knx` n qwqj e _vi Rb wzwb big Lv` wnmv e nvjyqv-i wu L qwq jb weavq Avgv `ii mb e _vq mg e`bv cökvk Kivi Rb nvjyqv-i wu L Z nq A_P I nv `i hy n qwqj 3q wnrixi kviqvj gv mi 11 ZvwiL kwbevi mkvj ejvq Avi Avgiv e _v Abyfe KiwQ Zvi cövq `yõgvm c~ e kvôev bi 14 ZvwiL w`evmz iv Î...! G Y Avgiv Dc iv³ welq wji agx q wfwë KZUzKz Zv Luy R `Le cö_gwui mc hme AvqvZ I nv`xq ck Kiv nq, Zv wbæiƒc: 1. m~iv q `ylvb-gi 3 I 4 bs AvqvZ- - A_ : (3) Avgiv Zv GwU AeZxY K iwq GK gyevik irbx Z; Avgiv Zv mzk Kvix (4) G irbx Z cö Z K i Z c~y welq w ixk Z nqõ nv dh Be b KvQxi (701-774 wnt) ^xq Zvdmx i e jb, ÔGLv b gyevik irbx A_ jvqjvzzj K `iõ hgb m~iv q K `i 1g Avqv Z Avj vn e jb, ÔwbðqB Avgiv GUv bvwhj K iwq K ` ii ivwî ZÕ Avi mwu nõj ivgvhvb gv m hgb m~iv q evk vivn&i 185 bs Avqv Z Avj vn e jb, ÔGB mb ivgvhvb gvm hvi g a KziAvb AeZxY n q QÕ GB iv Z GK kvôevb nõ Z Av ik kvôevb ch š ev `vi iƒhx, we q-kv`x, Rb -g Zz BZ vw` wjwce nq e j h nv`xq cöpvwiz Av Q, Zv ÔgyimvjÕ I hcd Ges KziAvb I Qnxn nv`xq mg~ ni we ivax niqvi Kvi Y AMÖnY hvm wzwb e jb, K `i irbx ZB ji n gvnd h msiw Z fvm wjwc nõ Z c _K K i AvMvgx GK eq ii wb ` kvejx Z_v g Zz, wiwhk I Ab vb NUbvejx hv msnwuz n e, m wj jlk d ikzvm Yi wbk U cö`vb Kiv nq Giƒcfv eb ewy Z n q Q Avãyj vn web Igi, gyrvwn`, Avey gvwjk, hvn&nvk cögyl mvjv d Qv jnx bi wbku nõ Z AZtci ÔZvK `xiõ m ú K cweî KziAv bi Ø _ nxb e³e nõj, - ÔZv `i mg Kvh Kjvc Av Q Avgjbvgvq, Av Q z`ª I e nr mg wkqyb wjwce Õ (K vgvi 54/52-53) ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Gikv` K ib,.. ÔAvmgvb mg~n I hgxb m wói câvk nvhvi ermi c~ e B Avj vn ZvÔAvjv ^xq gvlj~k v Zi ZvK `xi wj L i L QbÕ (gymwjg nv/2653) Avey ûivqivn (ivt)- K ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb, Ô Zvgvi fv M hv Av Q Zv NU e; G wel q Kjg ïwk q M QÕ (cybivq ZvK `xi wjwlz n e bv) (eylvix nv/5076) G Y k eeiv Z cöwzeqi fvm wjwce nq e j h aviyv cöpwjz Av Q, Zvi Kvb Qnxn wfwë bb eis ÔjvqjvZzj evivavzõ ev fvm irbx bvgwub m ú~y ev bvqvu I D Ïk cö Yvw`Z Bmjvgx kixôav Z GB bv gi Kvb Aw Z Luy R cviqv hvq bv evkx ibj GB iv Z bvn gvd niqvi welq mrb w` b wqqvg cvjb I iv Z Bev`Z Ki Z nq Aš Zt 100 kz ivkôavz QvjvZ Av`vq Ki Z nq cöwz ivkôav Z m~iv q dvwznv I 10 evi K i m~iv q ÔK yj ûiqvj v-û Avnv`Õ co Z nq GB QvjvZwU Mvmj K i Av`vq Ki j Mvm ji cöwz duvuv cvwb Z 700 kz ivkôavz bdj Qvjv Zi QIqve cviqv hvq BZ vw` G m ú K cöavb h wzbwu `jxj ck Kiv n q _v K, Zv wbæiƒc: 1. Avjx (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Gikv` K ib, - Ôga kvôevb G j Zvgiv ivwî Z Bev`Z Ki I w` b wqqvg cvjb Ki Kbbv Avj vn cvk Hw`b m~h v i c i `ywbqvi Avmgv b b g Av mb I e jb, AvQ wk KD gv cöv_ bvkvix, Avwg Zv K gv K i `e; AvQ wk KD iƒhx cöv_x Avwg Zv K iƒhx `e AvQ wk Kvb ivmx, Avwg Zv K Av ivm `vb KieÕ GB nv`xqwui mb ` ÔBeby Avex mve&ivnõ bv g GKRb ivex Av Qb, whwb nv`xq RvjKvix m Kvi Y nv`xqwu gynv ÏQx bi wbk U ÔhCdÕ (we vwiz `ªt wmjwmjv hcdvn nv/2132) 21

wøzxqzt nv`xqwu Qnxn nv`x Qi we ivax niqvq AMÖnY hvm Kbbv GKB g g cöwm Ônv`x Q byh~jõ Beby gvrvn&i 98 c ôvq gv Av qkv (ivt) nõ Z (nv/1366) Ges eylvix kix di (gxivu Qvcv 1328 wnt) 153, 936 I 1116 c ôvq Ges ÔKzZz e wmëvnõ mn Ab vb nv`xq MÖ š me gvu 30 Rb Qvnvex KZ K ewy Z n q Q mlv b Ôga kvôevbõ bv e j ÔcÖwZ ivwîi kl Z ZxqvskÕ ejv n q Q AZGe Qnxn nv`xq mg~ ni ey bvbyhvqx Avj vncvk cöwz ivwîi Z Zxq cön i wbæ AvKv k AeZiY K i ev `v K dr ii mgq ch š Dc iv³ AvnŸvb K i _v Kb; ïaygvî wbw` ófv e ga kvôev bi GKwU ivwî Z bq 2. gv Av qkv (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) GK`v ivwî Z GKvKx g`xbvi ÔevK xõ Mvi v b wm qwq jb mlv b wzwb GK ch v q Av qkv K j K i e jb, ga kvôev bi w`evmz iv Z Avj vn `ywbqvi Avmgv b b g Av mb Ges ÔKj&eÕ Mv Îi QvMj mg~ ni jvg msl vi PvB Z AwaK msl K jvk K gvd K i _v KbÕ GB nv`xqwu Z Ônv¾vR web AviZ vzõ bvgk GKRb ivex Av Qb, hvi mb` ÔgybK vz võ niqvi Kvi Y Bgvg eylvix cögyl gynvwïqmy nv`xqwu K ÔhCdÕ e j Qb (hcdzj Rv gô nv/654) cökvk _v K h, ÔwbQ d kvôevbõ-gi dhxjz m ú K ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) nõ Z Kvb Qnxn gid nv`xq bb 3. Bgivb web ûqvbb (ivt) e jb h, GK`v ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) R bk e w³ K e jb h, Zzwg wk Ôwmiv i kvôev biõ wqqvg i LQ? jvkwu ej jb, ÔbvÕ Avj vn&i bex (Qvt) Zv K ivgvhv bi c i wqqvg `yõwui K vhv Av`vq Ki Z ej jbõ (eylvix, gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/2038) Rgn~i weøvbm Yi g Z ÔwmiviÕ A_ gv mi kl D³ e w³ kvôev bi klvewa wba vwiz wqqvg cvj b Af wq jb A_ev HUv Zvi gvb Zi wqqvg wqj ivgvhv bi m ½ wgwk q djvi wb laváv jsn bi f q wzwb kvôev bi k li wqqvg `yõwu ev` `b mkviy ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Zv K H wqqv gi K vhv Av`vq Ki Z e jb eysv Mj h, GB nv`xqwui m ½ cöpwjz k eeiv Zi Kvb m úk bb k eeiv Zi QvjvZ : GB ivwîi 100 kz ivkôavz QvjvZ m ú K h nv`xq ejv n q _v K Zv ÔgIh~Õ ev Rvj GB QvjvZ 448 wnrix Z me cö_g evqzzj gyk vïvm gmwr ` Avwe K Z nq hgb wgkkvzzj gvqvexn-gi L vzbvgv Aviex fvl Kvi gvj v Avjx K vix nvbvdx (g t 1014 wnt) ÔAvjjvAvjxÕ KZv ei eiv Z e jb, ÔRygÔAv I C`vq bi Qvjv Zi P q i Z w` q ÔQvjv Z Avj&wdqvnÕ bv g GB iv Z h QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv nq Ges Gi mc hme nv`xq I AvQvi ejv nq, Zvi meb ev bvqvu I gih~ A_ev hcd GB we`ôavz 448 wnrix Z me cö_g Ri hv j gi evqzzj gyk vïvm gmwr ` cöewz Z nq gmwr `i g~l BgvgMY Ab vb Qvjv Zi m ½ hy³ K i GB QvjvZ Pvjy K ib Gi gva g Zviv RbmvaviY K GKwÎZ Kivi Ges gvzeÿix Kiv I cu cywz Kivi GKUv dw ` Gu UwQj gvî GB we`ôavzx Qvjv Zi e vck RbwcÖqZv ` L bk&kvi-ci nhmvi e w³my Avj vn&i Mh e hgxb a m hviqvi f q kni Q o R½ j cvwj q wm qwq jbõ GB iv Z gmwr ` wm q GKvKx ev RvgvÔAvZ e fv e QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv, whki-avhkv i wjß niqv m ú K Rvbv hvq h, kv gi wkqy weøvb GUv cö_ g ïi K ib Zviv GB iv Z my `i cvlvk c i, AvZi-myigv jvwm q gmwr ` wm q ivwî RvMiY Ki Z _v Kb c i welqwu jvk `i g a Qwo q c o g vg`xbvi Av jgmy Gi Zxeª we ivwazv K ib wkš kv gi weøvb `i `Lv `wl wkqy jvk G jv Ki Z ïi K i GBfv e GwU Rbmvavi Y e wß jvf K i iƒ ni AvMgb : GB ivwî Z ÔevK xôdj MviK v`õ bvgk Kei v b iv Zi ejvq ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi wbtm½ Ae vq hqviz Ki Z hviqvi nv`xqwu (Beby gvrvn nv/1389) h hcd I gybk vz vô Zv Avgiv BwZc~ e ` L G mwq GLb cökœ nõj, GB iv Z mwz mwz B iƒn jv Bj xb ev wm¾xb nõ Z mvgwqkfv e Qvov c q c w_ex Z b g Av m wk-bv hv `i gvm divz Kvgbvi Rb Avgiv ` j ` j Kei v bi w` K Qy U hvb GgbwK gwnjv `i KI G iv Z Kei v b `Lv hvq G m ú K mvaviyzt m~iv q K `i-gi 4 I 5bs AvqvZ `yõwu ck Kiv n q _v K hlv b ejv n q Q, - Ô m ivwî Z wdwikzvmy I iƒn AeZxY nq Zv `i cöwzcvj Ki AbygwZµ g mkj wel q Kej kvwš ; Elvi D`qKvj ch š Õ GLv b Ô m ivwîõ ej Z jvqjvzzj K `i ev k ek `i K eysv bv n q Q- hv GB m~ivi 1g, 2q I 3q Avqv Z ejv n q Q AÎ m~ivq ÔiƒnÕ AeZxY nq K_vwU i q Q weavq nqzev A b K aviyv K i wb q Qb h, g Z e w³ `i iƒn wj me `ywbqvq b g Av m A_P GB A_ Kvb weøvb K ibwb ÔiƒnÕ kãwu GKePb G m ú K nv dh Be b KvQxi (int) ^xq Zvdmx i e jb, ÔGLv b iƒn ej Z wdwikzvm Yi mi`vi wreivcj K eysv bv n q Q kvôevb gv mi KiYxq : ivgvhv bi Av Mi gvm wnmv e kvôevb gv mi cöavb KiYxq nõj AwaKnv i wqqvg cvjb Kiv gv Av qkv (ivt) e jb, ÔAvwg ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)- K ivgvhvb e ZxZ Ab Kvb gv m kvôev bi b vq GZ AwaK wqqvg cvjb Ki Z `wlwb k li w` K wzwb gvî K qkwu w`b wqqvg Z vm Ki ZbÕ (bvmvc nv/2179, mb` Qnxn) hviv kvôev bi cö_g _ K wbqwgz wqqvg cvjb K ib, Zv `i Rb k li c bi w`b wqqvg cvjb Kiv DwPZ bq Aek hw` KD Af nb ev gvbz K i _v Kb, Zviv k li w` KI wqqvg cvjb Ki eb gvuk_v kvôevb gv m AwaK nv i bdj wqqvg cvjb Kiv mybœvz Qnxn `jxj e ZxZ Kvb w`b ev ivz K wqqvg I Bev` Zi Rb wbw` ó Kiv mybœv Zi ei Ljvd Aek hviv ÔAvBqv g exhõ-gi wzb w`b bdj wqqv g Af, Zviv 13, 14 I 15B kvôev b D³ wbq ZB wqqvg cvjb Ki eb, k eeiv Zi wbq Z bq wbq Zi Mvjgvj nõ j Kej Kó KivB mvi n e Kbbv we`ôavzx Kvb Avgj Avj vn cvk Keyj K ib bv Ges mkj cökvi we`ôavzb åózv I cöz vl vz Avj vn Avgv `i mevb K cweî KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x Qi Av jv K wbr wbr Avgj mg~n cwiï K i biqvi ZvIdxK `vb Ki b- Avgxb!! 22

16B ww m ^i mv iûvi Abyôv b R. Imgvbx Kb Dcw Z wq jb bv? PvÂj Ki Z_ gvev q`yi ingvb fvizxq Ô ÛÕ Qwe wb q evsjv ` ki GK kªyxi cîcwîkvq Nvi cöwzev` PjwQj Av ik kªyxi cîcwîkv GB e vcv i gvuvgywu Lv gvk g i wqj Iiv nq Zv mikv ii L qi Lvu ZLbB K_v D VwQj cvwk vb mbvevwnbx Avm j Kvb evwnbxi wbku AvÍmgc Y K i Q? fvi Zi Zid _ K cö_g _ K ejv nw Qj h, cvkevwnbx fvizxq evwnbxi Kv Q AvÍmgc Y K i Q c vš i evsjv `k ejwqj h, fvizxq evwnbx bq, hš_evwnbxi wbku AvÍmgc Y K i Q cvwk vb evwnbx Avm j KvbwU mz? Û Qwe ZI ejv n q Q h, fvizxq evwnbxi wbku AvÍmgc Y K i Q cvwk vb evwnbx mrb B GZ cöwzev` cök Z mz Rvbvi Rb mv iêvi WKz g UwU `L Z n e ZvB B Uvi b U IB WKz g UwU `Ljvg mlv b fvi Zi B vb Kgv Ûi AwabvqK j. R. RMwRr wms A iviv WKz g Ui wb P mb K i Qb Zvi c`ex `qv n q Q wbæiƒc : `General Officer Commanding in Chief/India and BANGLADESH Forces in the Eastern Theater/16th December 1971. A_ vr Rbv ij Awdmvi KgvwÛs Bb wpd(awabvqk) /c~e vâj Õ fviz I evsjv ` ki hš_evwnbx evsjv ` ki Zid _ K hy K i Q gyw³evwnbx GB evwnbxi AwabvqK wq jb, R. GgGwR Imgvbx wzwb wq jb hš_ evwnbxi DccÖavb B Uvi b U wm q M j ÔInstrument Of SurrenderÕ wk ivbv g Log On Ki eb ïay GB Z_ bq, G m cwk Z cö qvrbxq Av iv A bk Z_ cv eb wcöq cvvk, Avgvi mv _ AvcbvivI wbðqb GKgZ h, h WKz g U Ic i `qv nõj Gici Gi e vcv i weåvwš i Avi Kvb AeKvk _vk e bv mb mv iêvi Abyôv b fvi Zi Zid _ K R. Av iviv Dcw Z _vk jb, evsjv ` ki Zid _ K hš_ evwnbxi Dc cöavb Rbv ij Imgvbx Kb Dcw Z _vk jb bv? GB wb q A bk R jš cökœ gvby li gb K mbw`b _ KB Av jvwoz Ki Q Ges Av Rv Av jvwoz K ib P j Q Avgiv G m c K A bk wkqz ï bwq mme K_v evzv m f m eov Q Av Rv f m eov Q wkš wbf i hvm Z _ i Afv e mme K_v jlv hvq bv nq Zv G m c K Z_ Av Q wkš me Z_ wk RvMvo Kiv m e? G e vcv i GKwU Z_ Avgvi nv Z G m Q mwu Avcbv `i L`g Z ck KiwQ MZ 6 gvp Ô `wbk hymvš iõ W. di `Šm Avng` Kv ikxi GKwU jlv Qvcv n q Q jlvwui wk ivbvg, Ô Û Qwei ivrbxwzõ jlvi GK v b GKwU mve nwws i q Q mwu nõj, ÔcvKevwnbx Kvi Kv Q AvÍmgc Y K i Q?Õ Gici jlv n q Q, ÔImgvbx ZLb Kv_vq wq jb?õ AZtci ejv n q Q, ÔG e vcv i Rbv ij Imgvbxi m ½ AvjvcPvwiZvi GKwU w` bi K_v g b c o 1978 mv ji GKw`b Zvi m ½ wm ju _ K mok c _ PÆMÖvg hvw Qjvg GKUv wr ci mvg bi Avm b `yõrb cvkvcvwk emv Rbv ij Lye Avjvcx gvbyl wq jb mviv c_ Zvi Rxe bi bvbv NUbv mim fvlvq e j hv Qb Avwg wbweó g b ïbwq wrcuv hlb Kzwgj v K v Ub g Ui cvk w` q hv Q, nvvr K i e j DVjvg : Ôm vi, GKUv welq Lye Rvb Z B Q K i, GKvËi mv ji 16 ww m ^i hlb cvkevwnbx im Kvm gq`v b AvÍmgc Y K i ZLb Avcwb mlv b Dcw Z _v Kbwb Kb?Õ Rbv ij mv ne cökœwu ï b GKUz hb Pg K DV jb K_v _vwg q Pzc n q M jb wkqz Y Pzc _vkvi ci hlb ej Z ïi Ki jb ZLb Zvi Mjvi ^i cv ë M Q GKUz ax i Zvi ^fvemz fvem xi ^ i VuvU P c wpwe q wpwe q ej Z ïi Ki jb (cövq `yõeqi cövq me Y Zvi KvQvKvwQ _vkvi myev ` ZZw`b ey S wb qwq i M M j wzwb Gfv e K_v e jb) ej jb, ÔBU IqvR G WvwU Kbmwc iwm AvB IqvR Mvwqs Uz A v UÛ ` vu mv iêvi mwigwb BU IqvR Bb ` v cövmövg gvb mjd A vû Rbv ij ie DB vi UW d«g w`m fwi c m Kzwgj v evu BD bv Ab ` I q DB Avqvi mv Wbwj Av W bu Uz cöwmw e vuviv Aq vi j m e j Q, c _ bvwk Amyweav Av Q Avgiv hb wm j Ui w` K P j hvb cvbju nwjkþvi Nywi q w`j eªvþyevwoqvi w` K Zvi wkqz Y c ib Avgiv c o Mjvg Mvb dvqv i Avgvi cv k Rbv ij ie wjwe n q i³v³ n q M jb Avj vn&i ing Z kvn Rvjv ji `vôavq Avgvi Mv q GKUv wji jv Mwb... Õ e jb Avevi Pzc n q M jb ( wz _ K h_v m e Zvi K_v jv Zvi evpb fw½ Z ûeû Zz j aivi Póv K iwq wkqz WU WU Av Q me K_v ejv hvq bv) j Kijvg, iv M wzwb Mi Mi Ki Qb Avwg Pzc K i _ K g b g b mb nwjkþv ii ` k Uv Kíbv Ki Z _vkjvg di `Šm Kv ikx, Rbv ij Imgvbxi D wz Z, Zvi ( Rbv i ji) mv iêvi Abyôv b Dcw Z bv _vkvi KviY ey bv K i Qb Rbv ij K enbkvix nwjkþv i wj el Y Kiv nq IB nwjkþv ii Av ikrb Av ivnx Rbv ij Avãyi ie AvnZ nb Ges i³v³ nb mšfvm µ g Imgvbxi Mv q Kvb wj jv Mwb GLv b wkqz dvuk i q Q mb duvk jv di `Šm Kv ikx c~iy K ibwb h nwjkþviwu XvKvi D Ï k Kzwgj v _ K DÇqb K iwqj mwu K wm j U hviqvi Rb K ev Kviv wb ` k `q? wb ` k Abyhvqx MwZc_ cwiez b K i nwjkþviwu wm j Ui w` K hvw Qj Zvn j gvsc _ K ev Kviv IB nwjkþv i wj el Y K i? GB NUbvwU evsjv `k mikvi AvR ch š P c i L Q Kb? GB me Avgv `i Kvb cökœ bq hviv câv kvaÿ, Zv `i mk ji gb K GB cökœwu `vi Yfv e Av jvwoz K i Ges AvMvgx w`b jv ZI Av jvwoz Ki ZB _vk e [mskwjz] 23

wz K_v gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK g 2014 17Zg el 8g msl v Rj-hyjy gi BwZnvm W. gynv v` mvlviqvz nvmvbb (3q wkw ) (4) Ôcywjwk Awfhvb AvBIqvk \ gvgjv n q Q 54 avivq : W. Mvwje KvivMv i RvgvB Av` i i q Qb : Lvevi cwîkv mieivn n Q wbqwgzõ : gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ cö dmi W. gynv v` Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwje mn K `ªxq Pvi bzvi MÖdZv ii gvî wzb w`b ci 26 deª qvix 2005 Zvwi L ` ki eûj cöpvwiz RvZxq `wbk ÔhyMvš iõ-gi cö_g c ôvi Pvi Kjvg e vcx jxw wbdr wqj GwU wi cv U i D j L hvm Ask n Q- ÔW. Mvwje Zuvi mn hvmx `i 54 avivq MÖdZvi `wl q Q cywjk MÖdZv ii 48 NÈv cii Kvb mywbw` ó gvgjv bv niqvq cywj ki f~wgkv wb q cökœ D V Q cökœ D V Q ^ivóª gš Yvj qi wb ` k I mikv ii Avš wikzv wb q ivrkvnx kn i MZKvj GUvB wqj g~j Av jvpbvi welq me gnj _ K cökœ D V Q, Rw½ Awfhv bi bv g cywj ki f~wgkv wk KejB AvBIqvk? hw` Zv bvb n e Zvn j evsjv fvb K Kb MÖdZvi Kiv hv Q bv GB cökœwui Ny i-wd i Avm Q W. Mvwje I Zvi Pvi mn hvmx K MÖdZv ii ci ivrkvnxi bi`vcvovi Zvi gv`ªvmv Kg c GLbI cywjk I wewwavi cvnviv w` ji Kvh Z cywjk I Ab AvBb cö qvmkvix ms v jvi G wel q Avi Kvb ZrciZv bb Ab w` K ivrkvnx K `ªxq KvivMv i W. Mvwjemn Zvi Ab mn hvmxiv RvgvB Av` i i q Qb cöwzw`b Lvevimn wbz cö qvrbxq wrwbmcî Abvqv mb wzwb cv Qb RjLvbvi Af š i e m GgbwK R ji Af š i wbz w` bi cwîkvi cv QbÕ Ôm Z i müv b wbfx KÕ(?) GB k vmv b cökvwkz RvZxq GB ˆ`wb Ki wi cvu vi GLv b Mj`Ng n q Qb mikvi I cökvmb K G K_v eysv bvi Rb h, W. Mvwje GKRb R½x bzv Zvi wei Kb GL bv Kvb gvgjv n Q bv D j L h, Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ ivrkvnx KvivMv i wq jb gvî GK ivz ZviciB Zv `i K Ab Î vbvš i Kiv nq A_P wi cvu vi wzb w`b ci wjl Qb, ivrkvnx K `ªxq KvivMv i wzwb Av Qb RvgvB Av` i wi cv U i fvefw½ Z g b n Q D³ wi cvu vi wb R Zuvi wei 8/10wU gvgjv w` Z cvi j nqz ekx Lykx nõ Zb GB n Q Ôm Z i müv b wbfx KÕ(?) cwîkvi Z_vKw_Z mz epb (?) (5) ÔAvn j nvw`m evsjv ` ki mvdvbõ : XvKv hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi ZrKvjxb mfvcwz BwÄwbqvi Avãyj Avhxh I mvaviy m úv`k Zvmjxg mikvi ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ-gi R½xwe ivax Ae vb Zz j a i Ges webv Aciv a MÖdZviK Z gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ cö dmi W. gynv v` Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwje mn bz e `i gyw³ `vex K i cîcwîkvq GKwU wee wz cö`vb K ib A_P GB mnr-mij wee wzwu K 27 deª qvixõ05 Zvwi Li ˆ`wbK Ô fv ii KvMRÕ cwîkv D³ wk ivbv g bwzevpk fw½ Z cökvk K i g b n Q, fv ii KvMR cwîkv wbwðz n q M Q h, Avn jnv`xq Av `vjb GKwU R½xev`x Av `vjb Kv RB G Av `vj bi bzv-kgx iv wb R `i Avmj iƒc Avovj Kivi Rb mvdvb MvIqvi c_ e Q wb q Q BwZevPK gvbwmkzvi wi cvu vi nõ j KL bv Gfv e wk ivbvg Kiv m e nõz bv (6) Ô gqi wgbyi mvwu wd KU : W. Mvwje I Zvi msmvb Rw½ ev ivóª `ªvnx ZrciZvq RwoZ bqõ : ivrkvnx wmwu Ki cv ik bi ZrKvjxb gqi Rbve wgrvbyi ingvb wgby KZ K Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ I Avn jnv`xq Av `vjb m ú K cö`ë cöz qbcî K bwzevpk fv e wpwîz K i wi cvu K i 1jv gvp Zvwi Li `wbk ÔAvR Ki KvMRÕ cwîkv wi cv U cöz qbcîwu ûeû ^v i mn wbs K i Qvcv bv nq GKB wi cv U mvz xiv-2 Avm bi ZrKvjxb Ggwc Avãyj Lv jk gêj KI c ô cvlk wnmv e D j L Kiv nq wi cv U i mvi wbr vm GB h, gzvmxb ` ji GKRb `vwqz cövß gqi Ges Ggwc wkfv e W. Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwj ei gz GKRb `vlx (?) e w³i c cöz qb w` Z cv ib? D j L h, 20.08.2004 Zvwi L cö`ë D³ cöz qb c Î ejv nq h, ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ I Ôevsjv `k Avn jnv`xq hyemsnõ G ` k cweî KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x Qi Av jv K wb f Rvj ZvInx`wfwËK mgvr MV b KvR K i hv Q...cÖ dmi W. gynv v` Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwje GKRb wbt ^v_ mgvr mek Rb`i`x I `k cöwgk wzwb ` ki GKRb kxl vbxq Av j g-øxb, mymvwnwz K, IR ^x evm x I Avš R vwzk L vwzm úbœ Bmjvgx e w³z wzwb e w³mzfv e Avgvi ( gqi) cwiwpz Zvi ZË veav b ivrkvnx _ K cökvwkz msmv bi gylcvî gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK ` ki ^vaxbzv, HK I msnwzi c GKwU Abb mvaviy M elyv cwîkv wnmv e ` k I we ` k wecyjfv e mg` Z Avgvi Rvbvg Z Kvb R½xev`x I Pigcš x e w³ I msmv bi m ½ Zv `i Kvbiƒc m úk bb Ges Kvb ivóª `ªvnx I AvBb-k sljvwe ivax msmv bi Zviv RwoZ bb Õ (7) Ô Mv q `v `i kz kz cö kœi U jbwb MvwjeÕ Ô RAvBwm Z W. Mvwje weåvwš Ki Z_ w` Q, Mv q `viv wecv KÕ : 24

2iv I 3iv gv P i GKvwaK RvZxq I AvÂwjK cwîkvq Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi RAvBwmi wrávmvev` m ú K weåvwš Ki wewfbœ Lei cökvwkz nq 2iv gvp wm ju _ K cökvwkz AvÂwjK cwîkv Ô `wbk k vgj wm j UÕ wk ivbvg Kiv nq Ô Mv q `v `i kz kz cö kœi U jbwb MvwjeÕ GKB Zvwi Li ˆ`wbK ÔhyMvš iõ wi cvu K i Q- Ô RAvBwm Z W. Mvwje weåvwš Ki Z_ w` Q, Mv q `viv wecv KÕ 31 k gv P i ÔAvgvi `kõ wj L Q Ôwigv Ê gyl Ly jbwb W. MvwjeÕ 3 iv GwcÖ ji ˆ`wbK cö_g Av jv wi cvu K i Q ÔW. Mvwje I mn hvmxiv gyl Lv jbwb di bimuv Rjv KvivMv iõ GiKg wewfbœ PUK`vi wk ivbvg w` q wi cvu cökvk K i evg I ivgcš x cwîkv wj Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ I Avn jnv`xq Av `vj bi MwZ K ä Kivi Rb D V-c o jv M (8) ÔAwaKvsk RvZxq ˆ`wbK Mi g i RyZv `v bi bxwz AbymiY Ki Q, Avn j nvw` mi AvZ-ZvnixK cwîkvi m úv`kxqõ : Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi MÖdZv ii cöv v j gvwmk AvZ- ZvnixK gvp Õ05 msl vi Rb Zuvi jlv m úv`kxq Ôwg_ vpvi I mvsevw`kzvõi mgv jvpbv K i 5B gvp Õ05 Zvwi Li `wbk ÔAvR Ki KvM RÕ AvZ-ZvnixK-Gi Qwe mn GKwU wi cvu cökvwkz nq wk ivbvg `Iqv nq ÔAwaKvsk RvZxq ˆ`wbK Mi g i RyZv `v bi bxwz AbymiY Ki QÕ D j L h, MZ 17 deª qvixõ05 Zvwi L ivrkvnx gnvbmixi ^wcœj KwgDwbwU m Uv i AbywôZ mvsevw`k m j b cö`ë gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi wjwlz e³e wek Z K i wewfbœ RvZxq I vbxq `wb K D Ïk g~jk wk ivbv g wi cvu cökvk Kivq G wel q RvZx K mzk Kiv Ges mswk ó `i mvsevw`k mzzvi welqwu iy Kwi q `Iqvi D Ï k g~jz Ôwg_ vpvi I mvsevw`kzvõ wk ivbv g m úv`kxqwu jlv nq hlv b Ø _ nxbfv e GK_v jv D j L Kiv nq h, Ô...mvsevw`KZvi bxwzgvjv wk Z e my `ifv e wg_ v ejv? wfwënxb welq K Kíbvi dvbym w` q AÆvwjKv evbv bv? A_P wg_ vev`x niqvi Rb GZUzKzB h _ó h, hv kvbv nq ZvB-B ey bv Kiv nq Kvbiƒc hvpvb-evqvb e ZxZ GKR bi wei wkqz jlv I Zvi PwiÎ nbb Kiv hw` mvsevw`kzvi AvIZvfy³ nq, Z e ejv hvq h, mvsevw`kzvi PvB Z RNb ckv ez gvb hy M Avi wkqz bb evsjv ` ki AwaKvsk RvZxq ˆ`wbK ez gv b Mi g i RyZv `v bi bxwz AbymiY Ki Q hgb Kvi wei bvsiv wk ivbv g w` q AccÖPvi Kiv nõj AZtci Mv euvpv bvi Rb KLbI KLbI wfz i ev bx P QvU K i GKUz cöwzev` Qvwc q w`j G ZB Zvi mvsevw`k mzzvi cögvy `Iqv n q Mj A bk cwîkv IUzKzI Qv c bv Qvc ji wfz i Ggb K i Qvc e, hb mn R Kvi bh i bv c o wak mvsevw`k mgv Ri cöwz, hviv wg_ v K Zv `i cyuwr wnmv e MÖnY K i Q mz K wewµ K i `ywbqv AR b Ki Q...gvby li Rvbgvj I BhhZ ci ú ii Rb nvivg A_P njỳ mvsevw`kzvi gva g mb BhhZ wb q wqwbwgwb Ljv n Q GKRb m vbx e w³i m vb zyœ Kiv wksev webó KivB hb GB me mvsevw`kzvi cöavb j n q `uvwo q Q Gi wewbg q Zviv `ywbqvq wkqz nvwqj Ki ji Av LivZ h nviv Qb, GUv mywbwðz Z_ mš v mi GB hy M GKwU wg_ v K kzk É ewj q Mv qejmxq Kvq`vq mz e j cögvwyz Kivi h Kv kk Pj Q, Zvi Øviv cvvk mgvr mvgwqkfv e weåvš n e, mgvr webó n e wkš `ix Z n ji P~ovš wepv i mz B Rqjvf Ki e GUvB ^vfvwek I wpiš b mz Õ G nk K_v wj ZB Z_vKw_Z H mvsevw`k `i Mv q Av b a i hvq d j Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi MÖdZv ii ci Giv Zbœ Zbœ K i LyuR Z _v K wewfbœ Bmÿ, hv wb q D U wkqz wjlv hvq KL bv Zuvi Ô`vIqvZ I wrnv`õ eb, KL bv ÔBK vg Z ØxbÕ eb qi Ace L v I KL bv ÔAvZ- ZvnixKÕ-Gi jlbxi mgv jvpbvq Giv câgyl n q Q hv QZvB wk ivbvg w` q wg_ vi ekvzx mvwr q cvvkavk ó wkqz Dcnvi `Iqvi Ac Pó Pvwj q Q (9) ÔRw½ MÖßvi Awfhvb K lohš e j D j L K i Q Mvwj ei cwîkvõ : 5B gv P AvR Ki KvM R cökvwkz wi cv U i m~î a i `yõw`b ci evg Nivbvi Ab Zg ˆ`wbK ÔcÖ_g Av jv ZÕI GKB avivi wi cvu Qvcv nq ÔRw½ MÖßvi Awfhvb K lohš e j D j L K i Q Mvwj ei cwîkvõ wk ivbv g cökvwkz wi cv U D j L Kiv nq h, ÔW. Avmv`yj vn Avj- Mvwje I mn hvmx `i Mßvimn DËiv j Rw½ MÖßvi Awfhvb K wfb `kx Mv q `v ms vi bxjbkkv e j D j L K i Q Zvi gvwjkvbvaxb AvZ-ZvnixK bv gi GKwU gvwmk cwîkv IB cwîkvi PjwZ msl vq (8g el lô msl v) g~j cöe Ü W. Mvwje K MÖßv i KwZcq mikvi we ivax cwîkv, mikv ii wfz i jywk q _vkv fvizxq Mv q `v ms vi G R U I mvsevw` Ki f~wgkv K gyl e j Zv `i wb `v Kiv n q Q Õ Mv q `v ms vi GKRb Kg KZ vi eivz w` q wi cv U AviI D j L Kiv nq h, ÔW. Mvwj ei evwoi wvkvbv _ KB cwîkvwui PjwZ msl v cökvk Kiv n q Q cwîkvwui m úv`kxq Z Av iv ejv n q Q, IB ms v mikviwe ivax GKwU gnj K nvz K i Avš R vwzkfv e ` ki gvb-gh v`v K QvU Kivi Rb cwikwízfv e GB lohš ev evq b b g Q GB 25

loh š i Ask wnmv e Zviv MÖv gi mnr-mij jvk `i gv V bvwg q Rw½ev `i Qvc jvwm q Zv `i Øviv c~e cö ZK Z ^xkv ivw³ Z ^v i Kwi q wewfbœ evg I mikviwe ivax cwîkvi gva g RvwZi mvg b cökvk Ki Q Õ wi cv U AviI D j L Kiv nq h, ÔGB cwîkvi ms iywu m ú K mikvixfv e LuvRLei biqv n Q cwîkvwui ekwkqz Kwc Mv q `v ms v D vi K i cökvwkz cöeü jv cix v-wbix v K i `L Q e ji mswk ó m~ Î Rvbv M Q Õ D j L h, ÔAvZ-ZvnixKÕ-Gi Kvb msl vb Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi evoxi wvkvbv nõ Z cökvk nqwb mkj msl vb ivrkvnxi K `ªxq wvkvbv nõ Z wbqwgz cökvwkz n q Q Ges AvZ-ZvnixK-Gi Kvb GKwU msl vi eü nqwb dvwjj v-wnj nvg&` (10) ÔZ`š Kg KZ vivb f³ n q M Q W. Mvwj eiõ : 7B gvp 2005 Zvwi Li ˆ`wbK AvR Ki KvMR cwîkvq D³ wk ivbv g wi cvu cökvwkz nq wi cvu wui mvi ms c n Q- ÔR q U B Uvi Mkb m j ( RAvBwm) Uvbv GK mßvn wrávmvev` K ii Avn j nvw`m evsjv `k-gi Avgxi W. Mvwj ei KvQ _ K Mv q `viv Rw½ ZrciZvi e vcv i we `ygvî Z_ ei Ki Z cv iwb wrávmvev `i bv g GLb Pj Q LvkMí mswk ó m~î jvi g Z, wrávmvev`kvix Kg KZ v `i A b KB GLb f³ n q M Qb W. Mvwj ei A bk Kg KZ vb Zvi jlv eb cov wb q e n q c o Qb W. Mvwje ` ki kxl vbxq Mv q `v `i Zvi g Zv K i Bmjv gi Rb Rnv` NvlYvi AvnŸvb Rvwb q Qb Õ R q U B Uvi Mkb m ji R bk Kg KZ vi eiv Z wi cv U AviI D j L Kiv nq h, ÔW. Mvwje K wrávmvev` Ki Z wm q Zviv ekvq`vq c o Qb KviY wzwb g `y fvlvq Mv q `v `i KB Zvi Abymvix niqvi AvnŸvb Rvwb q QbÕ (11) ÔW. Mvwj ei wei `vqmviv Z`š, `ye j Awf hvmcîõ: 16 B gvp 2005 Zvwi L D³ wk ivbv g ˆ`wbK ÔcÖ_g Av jvõi 1g c ôvq `yb Kjv g wekvj wi cvu Qvcv nq GB wi cv U Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi wei 8wU gvgjv Kiv nõ ji G jvi Z`š `vqmviv fv e Pj Q D j L K i wi cvu vi Gi Rb mikvi I wewfbœ Mv q `v ms vi m`m `ik `vqx K ib wi cv U D j L Kiv nq h, ÔW. Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwje I Zvi mn hvmx `i wei Aš Z AvUwU gvgjv `v qi Kiv n ji G jvi Z`š Pj Q `vqmvivfv e Gme gvgjvq W. Mvwje K Mßvi `Lv bv n ji Zvi wei Avbv Awf hvm cögvy Kvivi g Zv mv cywj ki nv Z bb wzbwu gvgvjvq Awf hvmcî (PvR kxu) `vwlj Kiv n ji Zvi wfwë LyeB `ye jõ (12) ÔwmivRM Ä W. Mvwje K wrávmvev`kv j wm bgv n j evgv we ùvi Y AvnZ 10Õ : wmivrm Äi Dj vcvovq MÖvgxY evs K evgv nvgjv gvgjvq wrávmvev `i Rb Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ K wzb w` bi wigv Ê wmivrmä Avbv n q Q Pj Q wrávmvev` wzbw`b cvi bv n ZB AveviI NUj evgv we ùviy kn ii ggzvr wm bgv n j Pvjv bv nq GB we ùviy G Z gvivz K AvnZ nq Aš Z `k Rb wkš njỳ mvsevw`kzvi Pjv-PvgyÊviv Gi mv _I hvmm~î Luv R eovq Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi wzb Kjvg e vcx wi cvu Qvcv nq ˆ`wbK ÔAvgv `i mgqõ cwîkvq wk ivbvg `Iqv nq ÔwmivRM Ä W. Mvwje K wrávmvev`kv j wm bgv n j evgv we ùvi Y AvnZ 10Õ wi cv U D j L Kiv nq ÔDj vcvov MÖvgxY e vs K evgv nvgjvi Ab Zg Avmvwg Avn j nv`xq Av `vj bi cöavb W. Mvjxe K wrávmvev` i Rb MZ g½jevi wmivrm Ä Avbv nq Zv K wrávmvev `i Rb Av`vjZ 3 w` bi wigvê gäyi K i GB mgq ggzvr wm bgv n j evgv we ùvi Yi NUbvq in m i m wó nq Õ [µgkt] NvlYv GZØviv ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ I Ôevsjv `k Avn jnv`xq hyemsnõ-gi wewfbœ ii Kgx, myax, mg_ K, ïfvbya vqx mn mk ji D Ï k Rvbv bv hv Q h, wemz 2005 mv j Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ mn K `ªxq bz e `i MÖdZv ii ci _ K hviv bvbvfv e wbh vwzz n q Qb, Rj-nvRZ L U Qb A_ev Ab Kvbfv e nqivwbi wkkvi n q Qb, Zv `i K wb gœv³ wvkvbvq wb R `i AwfÁZv wj L cvvv bvi Rb A_ev wb gœv³ b ^ i hvmv hvm Kivi Rb we klfv e Aby iva Kiv hv Q hv AvZ-ZvnixK-Gi AÎ Kjv g avivevwnkfv e cökvwkz n e BbkvAvj vn hvmv hvm m úv`k, gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK bi`vcvov, cvt mcyiv, _vbv: kvngl`yg ivrkvnx gvevbj:01715002380 mgq cwiez b gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK dvzviqv nujvbb 01738-977797 cwiewz Z mgq cöwzw`b ev` AvQi _ K gvmwie ch š 26

mvgwqk cöm½ gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK g 2014 17Zg el 8g msl v inm ve Z wb LuvR gvj qwkqvb wegvb kl AvãyQ Qvgv`* ÔAvmgvb I hgx b hv wkqz Av Q me Avj vn&ib Ges mewkqz K Avj vn cwi eób K i i q QbÕ (wbmv 4/126) mgỳ ªM f i wekvj cvwbivwk wksev f~m f i KwVb ce Z wkjvi Af š i Agvem vi wbklk ò Auvavi iv Z hlb Kvb z`ªvwz z`ª Kv jv wccxwjkvi wepiy K i, mwui me `ªóv me Á gnvb Avj vni A MvP i bq Avmgvb I hgx b wepiykvix Ggb Kvb e y, c`v_ I cövyx bb hvi cö ek-cö vb, w wz I MwZ m ú K m`vme Y gnvb Avj vn cwiávz bb inm bvgk Kvb kã Zuvi Awfav b bb gnvb Avj vn&i kw³ I gzv m ú K cweî KziAv b Gfv eb ey bv `Iqv n q Q gnvb Avj vn&i Áv bi Kv Q gvby li Ávb h wkqyb bq Zvi mȳ úó cögvy e gvy cöe Üi Av jvp welq 1903 wlª v ã Av gwikvb es kv yz ÔivBU eªv`viõ Ø qi AvKvkc _i me P q AvaywbKZg hvmv hv Mi evnb D ovrvnvr Avwe v ii ci _ K eûevi hvîxmn wegvb wb LuvR niqvi NUbv N U Q Z e ez gvb AZ vaywbk Z_ cöhyw³i hy M AwZm cöwz gvj qwkqvb hvîxevnx wegvb Gg.GBP-370 wb LuvR niqvi NUbvq wek evmx we q nzevk I weg~p n q M Q GZ jv hvîxmn wekvj AvKv ii GKwU wegvb m v UjvBUmn mkj cökvi AZ vaywbk cöhyw³i PvL duvwk w` q evzv m wgwj q h Z cv i, Ggb inm hb iƒck_v KI nvi gvbvq D ovrvnvr nvwi q hviqvi NUbv G Kev i bzzb bq AvKv k Wvbv gjvi ci _ K G hvez hz wegvb wb LuvR n q Q BwZnv m Zvi KvbwUi müvb wg j Q, Avevi KvbwU h Kv_vq nvwi q M Q Zv Av Rv gvby li Kv Q ARvbv inm wnmv eb i q M Q 1937 wlª v ãi 2 RyjvB A v gwjqv AvinvU Av GKwU D ovrvnvr wb q Mv qe n q hvb A v gwjqv AvinvU cö_g bvix whwb wek cwiåg Yi D Ï k AvUjvw U Ki Dci w` q GKvB D o hvw Q jb wkš AvUjvw UK cwi q hviqvi ci cökvš gnvmvm ii Dci G mb me jêfê n q hvq nj vû Øx ci Dci w` q hviqvi mgqb c_ nvwi q wegvbwu D o hvq GK ARvbv Mš e BwZnvm AvRI hvi müvb w` Z cv iwb 1944 wlª v ãi MÖx Kv ji Kvb GKw`b wj RÛvwi e vû ZviKv I wmuvwi M b wgjvi wegvb wb q AvKvkc _ Qy U P jb BDGm Avwg Gqvi dv m i m`m `i Avb ``v bi D Ï k wkš ˆmb evwnbxi Kv Q cušqv bvi Av MB wzwb Le i cwiyz n q hvb AvKv k wegvb m gz nvwi q hvb wzwb AviGGd wubdw _ K AvKv k DÇq bi ci Bswjk P v b ji Dci _vkv Ae vq * wk K, Avj-gviKvhyj Bmjvgx Avm-mvjvdx, bi`vcvov, ivrkvnx me kl hvmv hvm Ki Z c iwq jb wgjvi I wegv bi bwf MUi wgjvi I Zvi wegv bi müvb Av Rv Avgv `i wbku ARvbvB i q M Q 1945 wlª v ãi 5 ww m ^i `ycy i evigywv GqvijvB Ýi d vbu-19 bvgk Av gwikvi wegvbevwnbxi cuvpwu U c Wv wb ckvix ÔwUweGg A v fäviõ wegvb d vwiwv wegvbe `i nõ Z DÇqb K i gnjv AvKvk I e wócv Zi Kvi Y mw`b `~ ii wrwbm fvjfv e `Lv hvw Qj bv wekvj 4-Uvi w` K `yõrb cvbj Ui ezvi evz v _ K cö_g evsv hvq h, d vbu-19 c_ nvwi q Q nvwi q hviqvi gyn~ Z ˆegvwbK `i GKRb ezvi evz vq GKwU K_vB evievi ejwq jb h, Ômvg b cöpê Kzqvkv Avgiv wkqyb `L Z cvw Q bv Kv_vq h hvw Q ZvI eys Z cviwq bv Avgv `i D vi KiÕ kl ch š cuvp cuvpwu hy wegvb Kvb ikg Avfvm QvovB hb Mv qe n q Mj GK ARvbv inm vnz v b 1947 wlª v ãi Kvb GKw`b ïå Zzlv i XvKv Avw `R ce Zgvjvi Dci w` q D o hvw Qj weªwuk mvd_ Av gwikvb GqviI qr 11 Rb Av ivnx wb q wegvbwu mb h D o Mj Avi wd i G jv bv Aek cövq 50 eqi c i GK`j mbvevwnbxi GK Awfhv b Avw `R ce Zgvjvq gvby li `nve kl cviqv hvq hv cögvy K i nq Zv wb LuvR wegv bib hvîx wq jb Zviv 1949 wlª v ãi 17 Rvbyqvix wegmgg UvB ci GKwU wegvb evigywv _ K R vgvbkv hviqvi c _ nvwi q hvq evzv m fvmvi ci _ KB hvmv hvm e e vq Î wu aiv c o Zvici nvvr K ib hvmv hvm wew Qbœ n q c o wegvbwu `xn Y hvmv hv Mi Póv I AbymÜvb K i GKch v q 25 Rvbyqvix 20 Rb hvîx I cvbju vi A vwi qjmn wegvb µz `i Lyu R cviqvi Avkv Q o `Iqv nq m `yn Ubvi KviY Av Rv AÁvZ 1962 wlª v ãi NUbv cökvš gnvmvm ii qvg _ K 90 Rb mvgwik Kg KZ v K wb q wdwjcvb bi D Ï k iibv `q d vbs UvBMvi jvbb d vbu-739 wkš klch š wegvbwu Avi wdwjcvb b cušqvqwb 1300 R bi mvgwik Zj vwk Awfhv b wegvbwui Kvb bvgwbkvbvi Lyu R cviqv hvqwb wegvbwui fv M Kx N UwQj Zv AvRI inm ve Z 1972 wlª v ã Di qvb Gqvi dvm d vbu 571 wpwji mvw Uqv Mvi D Ï k hvîv ïi K i 45 Rb hvîx wb q AvenvIqv h _ó Lvivc niqvi Kvi Y DÇq bi wkqy Y cib wegvbwu wbqš Y nvwi q d j cvbju evievi iwwi evz vi gva g hvmv hv Mi Póv K ii e _ nb AvPgKv GK SvUKvq wegvbwu AvQ o c o Avw `R ce Zgvjvi KvQvKvwQ v b nvwi q hviqvi 72 w`b c i D vikvixiv wegvbwu Lyu R cvb 27

2009 mv j wegvb µzmn 228 Rb hvîx wb q eªvwr ji wii-ww R bwii _ K d«v Ýi c vwi m hvw Qj 330 bvgk GKwU Gqvievm AvUjvw UK gnvmvm ii Dci w` q hviqvi mgq nvvr K ib wegvbwui mv _ hvmv hvm wew Qbœ n q hvq evievi iwwi evz v cöiy Kiv nw Qj wkš kl gyn~ Z wegvb _ K Avi Kvb evz v cviqv hvqwb G ZB Abygvb Kiv hvq h, Kx N UwQj wegvbwui fv M wegvb weaÿ niqvi welqwu wbwðz Ki Z mgq jv M cuvp w`b AbymÜvbKvix `j wegvbwui kl inm Av Rv D`NvUb Ki Z m g nbwb me kl 2014 mv ji 8 gvp gv jwkqv GqvijvB Ýi evwqs 777-200 BAvi wmwi Ri Gg GBP-370 wegvbwu 12 Rb µzmn 15wU ` ki gvu 239 Rb hvîx wb q vbxq mgq ivz 12-Uv 41 wgwb U Kzqvjvjvgcyi wegvbe `i nõ Z Px bi D Ï k ebwrs hviqvi c _ wbi Ïk n q hvq hvîvi `yõn Uv ci d vbuwui m ½ hvmv hvm wew Qbœ n q hvq ebwrs qi vbxq mgq fvi mv o 6-Uvq wegvbwu AeZi Yi K_v _vk ji wba vwiz mg q mlv b bv cušqv bvi d j Wvbv g j bvbv Ríbv-Kíbv I Äb KD ej Q, GwU mš vmx NUbvi dj KD ej Q, AvenvIqv ev hvwš K Mvj hvm KD ej Q, Avš R vwzk lohš Avevi KD ej Q, GwU Rw½ev`xiv cvwk v b wb q M Q GgbwK cwðgv GKRb K UbxwZK wegvbwu Biv b wb q hviqv n q Q e j gš e Ki ZI Kmyi K ibwb Z e me P q djvi K i cöpvi Kiv nq hvîx `i ga Kvi wzbrb hvîxi cvm cvu RvwjqvwZi NUbvwU Z e h Kvi YB `yn UbvwU N U _vkzk bv Kb nvwi q hviqv wegvbwui me kl Ae vb Rvbvi Rb Ges Zvi mv _ hvmv hvm Kivi Rb AvaywbK me cökvi Póv Pvj bv nq wkš djvdj k~b we k i Zver DbœZ civkw³ ` ki mw wjz kw³ me vaywbk hš cvwz e envi K i AbymÜvb Pvjv Q wb LuvR wegvbwui `k _ K `kvš i, mvmi gnvmvmi, AvKvk-gvwU, cvzvj, cvnvo-ce Z me Î P l eov Q wegvbwui müv b wkš GL bv ch š KD wbwðz K i ej Z cvi Q bv h, wegvbwui fv M Avm j Kx N U Q Rvbv hv Q h, we k i civkw³, DVwZ e nr kw³ Ges cöhyw³ mg 35wU ` ki we kl mvgwik e e v wegvbwui müv bi Rb wbijmfv e KvR K i hv Q DcMÖn _ K aviyk Z Qwei gva g GKUz kã, K úb, wpý, wb`k b cviqv gvîb mevb ûgwo L q co Q mb Qwei cöwz wkš Kvb wkqy ZB hb in m i Zjv Luy R cv Q bv Zviv cövq GKgvm hver wb LuvR GgGBP-370 wegv bi Luv R me kl Ôe vk e ww U±iÕ wb q AbymÜvb ïi K i Q A ªwjqv MZ 1jv GwcÖj Av gwikvb GB we kl hš wb q Zj vwk ïi K i A ªwjqvi GKwU we kl RvnvR ÔIkvb wkìõ Gqvi wpd gvkv j A v½vm nvd b e j Qb, A bk jv wmmb v ji m~î a i Zviv fviz gnvmvm i GKwU QvU GjvKv kbv³ K i Qb AbymÜvbKvix RvnvR Ikvb wkì Gch š `yõevi Ggb wmmb vj kbv³ K i Q, hv wb LuvR wegv bi e vk e _ K wbm Z e j g b Ki Qb D vikvixmy h wmmb v ji GKwUi vwqz wqj 5 wgwbu 32 m KÛ Ges Ab wui cövq 7 wgwbu D j L h, Kvb wegv bi e vk e 30 w`b ch š wmmb vj cvvv Z cv i Ikvb wkìmn wewfbœ ` ki cövq 13wU RvnvR fviz gnvmvm i AbymÜvb Pvjv Q GZ`m Ë I eûj Av jvwpz wbi Ïk wegvbwui Kvb bvg MÜI AvaywbK gvbewek Luy R cv Q bv hw`i `vex Kiv nq h, Rj- j-aš ix ez gv b gvby li bl`c Y ejv n q _v K, M vevj cwrkwbs wm gi e vck DbœwZi d j cv qi Zjvi c w_ex GLb LyeB QvU MvUv wek GKwU z`ª cj xi mgvb Kvb gnv ` ki Kvb kn ii Kvb mo Ki KZ b ^i evox Z Avcwb Nywg q Av Qb Zv e j `Iqv m e we kl K i Avcwb hw` B j±ªwbk hš cvwz ev M v R Ui wbewüz MÖvnK n q _v Kb, ZvnÕ j Zv Kvb e vcvib bq GZ wkqyi c ii cökœ Rv M, GZ m g weávb I cöhyw³i avik c w_exi PvL K duvwk w` q gvj qwkqvb Gqvi jvb Ýi wegvbwu Kv_vq nvwi q Mj? Mgb c _i Avkcv ki kz kz wegvbe `i I mvgwik NuvwUi ivwvi jv wk Kij? mgỳ ª I AvKv ki Kuvcb, kã Ges cöwzwu e wzµg ai Z cv i Ggb nvb mb mwuf hš cvwz jv wk Nywg q wqj? hvîx `i gvevbj dvb jvi mj PvR dzwi q hviqvi Av MB Kb G jvi jv Kkb ww U± Kiv Mj bv? wegv bi e vk e Lyu R cviqvi cöhyw³ GLv b GZUv wbw Œq _vkj Kb? c~e I cwð gi Kw_Z evnv evnv R vwzlx, MYK I wr bi mvak G e vcv i gy L Kzjyc G U Av Qb Kb? cwi k l ejv hvq, gvbyl hlb Zvi gzvi Dci Lye ekx fimv Ki Z ïi K i, hlb Zviv weávb, cöhyw³ I wb R `i D ` v M Av qvr bi Dci ekx AvZ wek vmx n q D V, ZLb Avj vn Kvb Kvb NUbvi gva g Zv K mzk K i `b wzwb Pvb gvbyl hb cök wzi Dci Zvi wbqš Y Av Q f e fyj bv K i e m wzwb Pvb gvbyl hb mw ^Z wd i cvq Zviv hb aiv K miv Ávb bv K i Avmgvb I hgx bi A` k welqmg~n Avj vn Qvov Avi Kv iv Rvbv bb Ges wkqy m gzv m Ë I Avj vni B Qvi mvg b gvbyl m ú~y Amnvq cweî KziAv bi G NvlYvi bezi Dc vcbvb Gme A ^vfvwek NUbvi Ab Zg D Ïk wkš gvbyl wk G _ K wk v MÖnY Ki e bv? gnvb Avj vn Avgv `i mkj K n`vqvz `vb Ki b- Avgxb! 28

bexb `i cvzv gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK g 2014 17Zg el 8g msl v nvivg DcvR b Bn&mvb Bjvnx hnxi* f~wgkv : nvjvj RxweKv DcvR b Kiv Bmjv g AZ vek Kxq nvjvj RxweKv AvwZ K I gvbwmk cökvwš i Ab Zg Dcvq c vš i nvivg DcvR b gvbervwzi e w³mz I mgwómz cökvwš `~ixf~z nq d j KviƒYx A_ bxwzi abkz eiiv UvKvi weqvbv-evwj k kqb K ii Akvwš i `vevb j `vd `vd K i R j Z _v K Aciw` K nvjvj DcvR bkvix L U LvIqv gvbyl `yõpvi U Wvj-fvZ L qi wbwðš g b kvwš Z w`bvwzcvz K i ZvB `ywbqv I AvwLiv Zi mvwe K Kj vy jv fi Rb nvjvj RxweKv AR b eªzx niqv cö Z K gymwj gi Dci Aek KZ e kixôav Z nvjvj cš vq m ú` DcvR bi Rb hgb wewfbœfv e Drmvn cö`vb Kiv n q Q Zgwb nvivg DcvR bi fqven cwibwzi e vcv ii mzk Kiv n q Q Av jvp cöe Ü nvivg DcvR bi KviY, wzki w`k mg~n Ges Gi ^iƒc msw ßvKv i Av jvpbv Kiv n e BbkvAvj vn RxweKvR bi Î kixôav Z mvwe K w`k-wb ` kbv cö`vb Kiv n q Q G cöm ½ Avj vncvk e jb, Ô n gvbekzj! Zvgiv c w_ex Z nvjvj I cweî e f Y Ki Avi kqzv bi c`v¼ AbymiY Ki bv, wbðqb m Zvgv `i cökvk kî Õ (evk vivn 2/168) Ab Î wzwb e jb, ÔAvj vn Zvgv `i K nvjvj I cweî hv w` q Qb Zv nõ Z Avnvi Ki Ges Avj vn&i bôg Zi Rb K ZÁZv cökvk Ki, hw` Zvgiv Kej ZuviB Bev`Z KiÕ (bvnj 16/114) Bmjvg nvivg DcvR b K wbwl K i Q KviY GUv DcvR bkvixi Rb `yf vm I wec` W K Av b cikvjxb KwVb kvw i mv _ mv _ Gi Kvi Y gvby li ü`q K Vvi nq, Cgvbx b~i wbe vwcz nq, Avj vn&i Am š vl AeavwiZ nq `vôav Key j cöwzeükzv m wó nq AZGe nvivg Avq-DcvR b cwiz vm Kiv cö Z K gywg bi Rb Aek KZ e nvivg DcvR bi Zvqv v bv Kivi d j AvR mgv R Pzwi, WvKvwZ, wqbzvb, ivnvrvwb, m~`, Nyl, Ryqv, cözviyv, gryz`vix, gv c VKv bv, BqvZx gi gvj AvZ mvr Kiv, Ab vqfv e gvby li m ú` f Y Kiv mn wewfbœ cökvi Mwn Z KvR e vckzv jvf K i Q gvby li wbku Ggb GK mgq Avm e hlb nvjvj DcvR bi welqwu K Zviv Zz Q Ávb Ki e Ges cix v- * we.g (Abvm ), 2q el, Aviex wefvm, ivrkvnx wek we` vjq wbix v I hvpvb-evqvb QvovB DcvR b wjß n e G cöm ½ ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb, - Ôgvby li wbku Ggb GK mgq Avm e, hlb gvbyl DcvR bi Î nvivg-nvjvj we epbv Ki e bvõ 60 Av iv GK kªyxi gvbyl i q Q, hviv R bï b ^cö Yvw`Z n q Avj vn&i weavb K D c v K i nvivg K nvjvj Ges nvjvj K nvivg evbvq G `i m ú K Avj vn e jb, - Ôej, Zvgiv wk f e ` LQ, Avj vn Zvgv `i h wiwhk w` q Qb Zvgiv Gi wkqz nvjvj I wkqz nvivg K iq? ej, Avj vn wk Zvgv `i K Gi AbygwZ w` q Qb, bv Zvgiv Avj vn&i cöwz wg_ v ivc KiQÕ? (BDbym 10/59) nvivg DcvR bi KwZcq KviY (1) ZvK Iqvk~b ü`q : nvivg DcvR b wjß niqvi Ab Zg cöavb KviY nõj ü`q _ K Avj vnfxwz `~i n q hviqv Avj vnfxwz gvbevz v K nviv g cwzz niqv _ K i v K i Avi Avj vn K j¾v K i Ab vq Kg Z vm KivB nõj cök Z j¾v ivm~j (Qvt) cªk Z j¾v wk Zv e vl v K i Qb hgb wzwb e jb,. - Ô Zvgiv h_vh_fv e Avj vn K j¾v Ki Avgiv ejjvg, Avj-nvg`ywjj vn! n Avj vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avgiv Zv Avj vn K j¾v Kwi! ivm~j (Qvt) ej jb, welquv Ggb bq; eis Avj vn K h_vh_fv e j¾v Kiv nõj Zzwg Zvgvi gw K hvezxq Ab vq wpš v- PZbv _ K i v Ki e, cu K hvezxq nvivg Lv` _ K euvpv e, g Zÿ I ZrcieZx wec`mg~n iy Ki e Avi h cvi jšwkk mdjzv Kvgbv K i, m hb cvw_ e PvKwPK cwiz vm K i Avi h e w³ G mg Kg KvÊ m úv`b Ki e mb h_vh_fv e Avj vn K j¾v KijÕ 61 Ab Î ivm~j (Qvt) e jb, Ôgvbyl c~e ezx beya Zi h mg 60. Qnxn eylvix nv/2059, Ôµq-weµqÕ Aa vq; gymwjg nv/1381 61. Avngv` nv/3671; wziwghx nv/2458; mb` nvmvb 29

Agxq evyx jvf K i Q Zb a GKwU nõj hlb Zzwg j¾v Ki e bv, ZLb hv B Q Zv ZB wjß n eõ 62 ü`q _ K Avj vnfxwz `~i n q M j gvbevz v Abyf~wZïb n q c o d j Zvi gv S nvjvj-nvivg hvpvb-evqvb Kivi Kvb ZvKx` Abyf~Z nq bv (2) Z wiz MwZ Z DcvR bi jvjmv : nvivg DcvR bi Av ikwu KviY nõj `ª Z DcvR bi jvjmv KZK gvbyl i q Q hviv `ª ZZvi mv _ A _ vcvr bi Póvq Db Ë _v K h Kvb fv e h Kvb cš vq Zviv Av qi e e v Ki ZI wøavwš^z nq bv myzivs ^í mg q AwaK DcvR b KivB Zv `i Afxó D Ïk I BwáZ j n q _v K hvi d j Zviv Avj vn&i c _ K h wba vwiz RxweKv cz, Zvi mxgvjsnb K i `ª Z DcvR b Ki Z Póv K i A_P ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Zv wb la K i Qb wzwb e jb, :. Ô n jvk mkj! Avwg m me wel q Zvgv `i wb ` k cö`vb K iwq, h jv Zvgv `i K Rvbœv Zi wbkuezx Ki e Ges Rvnvbœvg _ K `~ i ivl e Avi hme welq Zvgv `i K Rvnvbœv gi wbkuezx Ki e Ges RvbœvZ _ K `~ i ivl e mme wel q Zvgv `i K wb la K iwq wbðqb iƒûj Avgxb Ab ey bvq iƒûj Kz`ym (wreixj) Avgvi Aš i AeZxY K i Qb h, wiwhk c~y bv niqv ch š KD gi e bv AZGe n gvbegêjx! Avj vn K fq Ki! Avi RxweKv A š^l Y ga cš v Aej ^b Ki, RxweKv Avm Z wej ^ nõ j Aek B Avj vn&i Aeva Zv K i Zv AR b Ki bv Kbbv Avj vn&i AvbyMZ e ZxZ Zuvi wbk U hv Av Q Zv cviqv hvq bv 63 AZGe cö Z K Ávbx e w³i DwPZ G welqwu K Abyaveb Kiv h, cvw_ e Rxeb Y vqx Ges ev `vi iƒhx- ivhmvi I Avq-e qi wnmve Avj vn&i Kv Q Aek B cö`vb Ki Z n e ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb,. ÔwK qvg Zi w`b Av`g mš v bi cv Zvi cöfyi mvg b _ K bo e bv, hz Y ch š Zv K cuvpwu cökœ Kiv bv n e (K) Zvi Rxeb Kv_vq kl K i Q, (L) hšeb Kv_vq RxY K i Q (M) m ú` Kvb Drm _ K DcvR b K i Q Ges (N) Kv_vq Zv e q K i Q Ges (O) Ávbvbyhvqx Avgj K i Q wk-bv? 64 Dwj wlz nv`xq Øviv cözxqgvb nq h, RxweKvi ˆea DcvR b hgb Bev`Z Key ji kz Zgwb cvi jšwkk Kj v Yi Rb I nvjvj Drm _ K DcvR b I ˆea Kv R e q Kiv GKvš hiƒix (3) AwZwi³ jvf I A ízzwói Afve : A ea cš vq DcvR bi Ab Zg KviY nõj, gvîvwzwi³ jvf I A ízzó bv niqv Avi AwZwi³ jv fi ekezx n q gvbyl Pzwi-WvKvwZ Ki ZI wøavwš^z nq bv hgb ivm~j (Qvt) e jb, ÔQvM ji cv j `yõwu zavz bk o evn Q o w` j Zv hzuzkz bv wz mvab K i, Kv iv m ú` I cöwzcwëi jvf Gi PvB Z AwaK wz mvab K i Zvi Øx biõ 65 ZvB jvjmvi ekezx niqv DwPZ bq Kbbv jvf RxweKv Zv e w K ib bv; eis Zv e w³ K K ó wbcwzz K i I wbt ^ K i (4) nvivg RxweKvi ^iƒc I Zvi fqvenzv m ú K AÁZv I Ae njv : Avgv `i mgv Ri AwaKvsk gvbyl nvivg DcvR bi ^iƒc m ú K m ú~y AÁ Zvi ûkzg wk, e w³ I mgv Ri Dc i Gi KzcÖfve wk, Gi gva g wj wk wk Gme m ú K AwaKvsk gvbyl GKw` K hgb AÁ Ab w` K m wj m ú K Rvbvi e vcv ii Pig Ae njv A_P mvjv d Qv jnxb nvivg f Yi e vcv i KZB bv mzk wq jb! hgb Av qkv (ivt) _ K ewy Z n q Q wzwb e jb,.. ÔAveyeKi (ivt)-gi GK `vm wqj, Zv K LvivR `Iqv nõz Zvi LvivR _ K AveyeKi (ivt) L Zb GK`v Zvi wbk U wkqz Avmj, AveyeKi (ivt) Zv _ K L jb AZtci `vmwu ejj, Avcwb wk Rv bb, GUv wk? Avey eki ej jb, wk muv? `vmwu ejj, Rv njx hy M Avwg GKR bi MYKx K iwqjvg Avi Avwg h G wel q ` wqjvg ZvI bq; eis Zv K Avwg auvkv w` qwqjvg gvî 62. Qnxn Beby gvrvn nv/4183, Qnxnvn nv/684 63. Qnxnvn nv/2607; wgkkvz nv/5300 64. wziwghx nv/2416, Qnxnvn nv/946, mb` nvmvb, wgkkvz nv/5197 6. wziwghx nv/2376; wgkkvz nv/5181, mb` Qnxn 30

AZtci m Avgvi mv _ mv vr K i D³ Dc XŠKb Avgv K `q, hv Avcwb L jb AZtci AveyeKi (ivt) gy L nvz XywK q hv wkqz c U wqj meb D`MxiY K i ei K i w` jb 66 nvivg DcvR bi wzki w`k mg~n (1) ü`q I A½-cÖZ ½i AvbyM Z weizv : nvivg DcvR bi eû wzki w`k i q Q, hv nviv gi mv _ mswk ó e w³i Aš i Avmb M o e m Zv nõj Aš ii KvwVb I Avj vn&i AvbyM Z A½-cÖZ ½ mg~ ni weizv hvi djvdj nõj Bn jšwkk Rxeb I RxweKvq eikz n«vm niqv ivm~j (Qvt) e jb, ÔA ea Lv ` h MvkZ e w cvq RvnvbœvgB Zvi Rb DËg evm vbõ 67 Be b AveŸvm (ivt) e jb, fvj Kv Ri b~ivbx Qvc Aš i Aek B MÖvw_Z nq, gylgêj D vwmz nq, kix i kw³ ewa Z nq, RxweKvq cövpzh Av m Acic Lvivc Kv Ri cöfve gylgê j cöù wuz nq, Aš i Zgmv Qbœ nq, Pnviv nq `ye j Ges RxweKvq Av m xyzv (2) `vôav AMÖvn nq : nvivg RxweKv DcvR bi Av ik wzki w`k nõj, Avj vni Kv Q `vôav Ki j Zv Keyj nq bv Avey ûivqiv (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z, wzwb e jb, ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb,.. Ô n gvbyl mkj! wbðqb Avj vn cweî, wzwb cvk-cweî ˆe wkqzb Keyj K ib bv Avi Avj vn gywgb `i K mb wb ` k w` q Qb, h wb ` k wzwb ivm~j `i K w` qwq jb AZtci ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Ggb GK e w³i K_v D j L K ib, h `xn mdi K i Q, a~jva~mwiz, G jv g jv Kkwewkó, n hymj AvKvkcv b D Ëvjb K i `vôav K i e j, n Avgvi ie! n Avgvi ie! A_P Zvi Lv` cvbxq, cwi Q` meb nvivg GgbwK m nvivg w` qb RxweKv wbe vn K i myzivs Zvi `vôav wkfv e Keyj Kiv n eõ? 68 G nv`xq Øviv cözxqgvb nq h, nvivg DcvR b `vôav cöz vl vz niqvi Ab Zg KviY (3) mrkg Key j cöwzeük : nvivg DcvR b nõj mrkg Key ji c _ Aš ivq hgb c~ e v³ nv`x Q G m Q, Ô Kgb K i Zvi `vôav Keyj n eõ? 69 Igi web LvË ve (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z wzwb e jb, Lvqevi hy i w`b KwZcq jvk wbnz nõ j jv Kiv ejvewj Ki Z jvmj h, AgyK knx` n q Q, AgyK knx` n q Q, AZtci ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) ej jb, :. ÔKw bkv ji bq! Avwg Zv K Aek B Rvnvbœv g ` LwQ G Kvi Y h, GKwU wxjv Rvgv A_ev GKwU Puv`i m AvZ mvr K iwqj AZtci wzwb (Qvt) Avgv K e jb, n LvË v ei cyî! Zzwg wm q gvby li gv S G NvlYv `vi h, gywgb e ZxZ KD Rvbœv Z cö ek Ki e bv AZtci Avwg wm q Rbmg G NvlYv w`jvgõ 70 (4) gnvkw³ai Avj vn&i µva I Rvnvbœv g cö ek : nvivg DcvR b Avj vn&i µva K evwo q `q Ges Rvnvbœv g cö e k mnvqzv K i Avey hvi wmdvix (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z wzwb e jb, ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb,.. ÔwZb kªyxi jv Ki mv _ Avj vn wk qvg Zi w`b K_v ej eb bv, Zv `i w` K ZvKv eb bv, Zv `i K cwiï I Ki eb bv Avi Zv `i Rb i q Q hš Yv`vqK kvw Avwg ejjvg, n Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt)! Ggb e _ I wzmö e w³ Kviv? ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) wzbevi cybi j L K i ej jb, (1) UvLbyi bx P Szwj q Kvco cwiavbkvix (2) wg_ v kc _ cy weµqkvix (3) DcKv ii LvUv `vbkvix e w³õ 71 Ab Î ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb, 66. eylvix, ÔwKZveyj gvbvwk eõ nv/3842,wgkkvz nv/2786 67. wziwghx nv/614, mb` nvmvb 68. Qnxn gymwjg nv/1015, wgkkvz nv/2760, Avngv` nv/8330 10. wziwghx nv/2989 70.gymwjg nv/114; Qnxn Be b wneÿvb nv/4849 71. gymwjg, nv/106; Avngv` nv/21473;avey `ve` nv/4087 31

.. Ôwg_ v kc _i gva g KD hw` Kvb gymwj gi cövc wqwb q bq, Z e Avj vn Rvnvbœvg Zvi Rb AeavwiZ K i `b Ges RvbœvZ nvivg K i `b R bk e w³ wr Ám Kij, n Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt)! hw`i Zv mvgvb cwigvy nq? wzwb ej jb, hw`i Zv Mv Qi Wv ji mvgvb `Ê cwigvy nqõ 72 Ab nv`x Q G m Q,. ÔwbðqB hviv Avj vn&i iv vi m ú` K Ab vqfv e AwaMÖnY K i, Zv `i Rb wk qvg Zi w`e m Rvnvbœvg i q QÕ 73 nvivg DcvR bi ^iƒc (1) cwigvy I Ih b KgwZ Kiv : e emv-evwyr I jb- ` bi Î cwigvy I Ih b VKv bvi gva g RxweKv DcvR b RNb KvR Avj vn ZvÔAvjv G nb Kvievixi wei Zxeª fvlvq ûuwkqvi evyx bvwhj K i Qb wzwb e jb, - Ôhviv gv c Kg `q, Zv `i Rb `y f vm Giv jv Ki KvQ _ K hlb g c bq, ZLb c~y gvîvq bq Ges hlb g c `q ZLb Kg K i `qõ (ZvZ dxd 83/1-3) G ai bi Kg KvÊ ZvivB K i _v K, hviv AZ wak a~z Gfv e Zviv gvbyl K VwK q Amr cš vq Avq K i A_P GB Ab vqkg m úv` bi Kvi Y c w_ex Z `ywf b g Av m ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb,. ÔhLbB Kvb Rb Mvôx gvc I Ih b Kg `q, ZLbB Zv `i K `ywf, Lv` `ª e i NvUwZ I AZ vpvix kvm Ki gva g kvw `qv nqõ 74 (2) hvkv Zi m ú` Mvcb ivlv : wbqve cwigvy m ú `i gvwjk niqv m Ë I hvkvz Av`vq bv K i wbt ^- Afvex jvk `i nk bó Kiv Ges m ú `i wbqve Mvcb Kiv cvc Gi cvw_ e kvw ^iƒc Avj vn Abve wó I Liv Pvwc q `b ivm~j (Qvt) e j Qb, Ô h m cö`vq Zv `i m ú `i hvkvz cö`vb K i bv, Zv `i K AvKvk _ K e wó el YI Kiv nõz bv, hw` cövyxkzj bv _vkzõ 75 A_ vr cövyx `i Kvi YB Zv `i K e wó `vb Kiv nq Avi cikvjxb kvw Zv AZ š gg š ` I hš Yv`vqK ivm~j (Qvt) e jb, - Ô ^Y -iƒcvi gvwjk hviv Zvi hvkvz Av`vq K iwb, wk qvg Zi w`b Zv cvz evbv bv n e, AZtci Zv Rvnvbœv gi AvMy b DËß K i Zvi cvk `k, Kcvj I wc V mkv `Iqv n e (ZvIev9/35) hlb Zv VvÊv n q hv e Avevi c~ e i Ae vq wdwi q bqv n e, Ggb w` b hvi cwigvy câvk nvhvi eq ii mgvb Gfv e mkj ev `vi g a dvqqvjv n e AZtci Zv K RvbœvZ A_ev Rvnvbœv gi w` K iv v `Lv bv n eõ 76 Abyiƒcfv e cïm ú`, A_ m ú`, Iki BZ vw`i hvkvz Abv`vqKvix KI cikv j kvw `Iqv n e (3) m~ `i gva g RxweKv wbe vn Kiv : ez gvb we k i A_ bxwz, e emv-evwyr I jb- ` b m~ `i e vck QovQwo cwijw Z nq A_P ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) m~` f YKvix, m~``vzv, m~ `i jlk I mv x K Awfm úvz K i Qb 77 Rv ei (ivt) e jb,. Ôivm~jyj vn (Qvt) m~` f YKvix, mỳ `vzv, m~ `i jlk I mv x K Awfm úvz K i QbÕ 78 Avi G Awfkß cš v K gvbyl bvbvb fvlv e envi K i Q je j KŠk j wm Kivi cuvqzviv Ki Q KL bv G K Interest, KL bv gybvdv, KL bv jvf BZ vw` bv g AwfwnZ K i RxweKv wbe vn Ki Q Avi e Z we k i `vwi`ª, Abvnvi, wbt ^Zv BZ vw` n Q m~`x jb ` bi welgq dj Kbbv m~` A_ bwzk mg w Kwg q `q Avj vn e jb, ÔAvj vn m~` K wbwðý K ib Ges `vb-qv`vk v e w K ibõ (evk vivn 2/276) ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) GB weaÿsmx Kg KvÊ _ K weiz _vkvi wb ` k w` q Qb wzwb e jb,. 72. gymwjg, nv/137; wgkkvz nv/3760 73. eylvix nv/2087; Avngv` nv/7206; Qnxnvn nv/3363 15. eylvix nv/3118; wgkkvz nv/3746 16. Beby gvrvn nv/4019, nv`xq Qnxn; Qnxnvn nv/4009 17. Qnxn AvZ-ZviMxe nv/1761; Qvnxnvn nv/4009 77. gymwjg nv/3/1219 (1598) 18 gymwjg nv/ 987; wgkkvz nv/1773 32

. Ô Zvgiv mvzwu aÿsmvz K KvR _ K eu P _vk QvnvexMY wr Ám Ki jb, n Avj vni ivm~j (Qvt)! m wj wk? wzwb ej jb, Avj vn&i mv _ kixk Kiv, Rv`y Kiv, Ab vqfv e gvbyl nz v Kiv, hv Avj vn nvivg K i Qb, m~` LvIqv, BqvZx gi m ú` f Y Kiv, hy i gq`vb _ K cjvqb Kiv, gywgbv mzx-mvaÿx bvix `i cöwz Acev` Av ivc KivÕ 79 ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Av iv e jb, Ôm~ `i GKwU gvî w`invg QwÎkevi e wfpvi Kivi PvB ZI RNb Õ 80 (4) VKevwR I RyqvPzwi : GUv ewk n q _v K e emvi Î hgb Lv` `ª e frvj wgkv bv, DrK ó gv ji mv _ wbgœgv bi gvj wgjv bv, AwZwi³ MÖnY Kiv, GK wrwbm wba viy K i Rvic~e K Ab wu w` q `qv, gv c Kg `qv BZ vw` A_P G wel q Avj vni ivm~j (Qvt) e j Qb, Ô h e w³ auvkv w`j m Avgv `i `jfy³ bqõ 81 evm I ij kb Ges jânv U Kzwj `i Drcxob I gvjvgvj DVv bv-bvgv bv wb q `i KlvKwl Ges AwZwi³ Av`vq VKevwRi kvwgj (5) Dr KvP : ez gv b Nyl-Dr KvP MvUv `k K Rv nwjqv Zi cömvp Agvwbkvq wb c K i Q Ggb eû bhxi i q Q h, Kvb e w³i cövc Av`v q Avek wkfv e Ny li jb- `b Kiv n Q wepvi wefvm, cökvmb _ K ïi K i BDwbqb ch v qi e vcknv i Ny li jb `b n Q cökv k B wkš Zviv hw` ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi Awgq evyxi w` K j KiZ, Z e KLbB Awfkß GB cš vq RxweKv wbe vn KiZ bv ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb,. ÔAvj vni ivm~j (Qvt) jvôbz K i Qb Nyl cö`vbkvix I MÖnYKvix KÕ 82 (6) Pzwi, WvKvwZi gva g RxweKv AR b : GK kªyxi jvk i q Q hviv Pzwi, WvKvwZ, wqbzvb, jyuzivr BZ vkvi Kg KvÊ K i _v K wewfbœ mg q cwîkvq bzzb eª v Ûi gvui mvb Kj, Rxc wqbzvb qi mwpî wi cvu cökvk n q _v K Mfxi iv Z iv vq MvQ d j WvKvwZ Kivi NUbv G ` k bzzb bq Zv `i wk Cgvb nviv bvi K_v Aš Ki Y mvgvb ZgI RvMÖZ nq bv? ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb, Ô Pvi hlb Pzwi K i ZLb Zvi Cgvb _v K bv WvKvZ hlb Rbmg WvKvwZ K i ZLb Zvi Cgvb _v K bvõ 83 A_ vr Zvi Cgvb G Ae v _ K wd i Avmv ch š Dc i Szjš Ae vq _v K (7) AvZ mvr : G ai bi Kv Ri Rb cikv j K Vvi kvw i q Q Avj vn e jb, Ô h e w³ AvZ mvr Ki e, m wk qvgz w`e m AvZ mvrk Z e wb qb nvwhi n eõ (Av j Bgivb 3/161) ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb, - Ôhv K Avgiv Kvb Kv R wbhy³ Kijvg, Avi m GKwU myzv ev Z`yaŸ wkqz Mvcb Kij muv AvZ vmvr wnmv e we ewpz hv wb q m wkqvgz w`e m nvwhi n eõ 84 (8) Ryqv I evwr aiv : wµ KU I dzuej Ljv K wn i h KZ kz KvwU UvKvi evwr aiv nq ` k Zvi BqËv bb evwr Z RZv A_ w` q RxweKv wbe vn K i av `vevr evwrkiiv A_P Gme nvivg gnvb Avj vn Gikv` K i Qb, Ô n gywgbmy! wbðqb g`, Ryqv, cöwzgv, fvm wba vik kimg~n Gme kqzv bi AcweÎ KvR AZGe G jv _ K eu P _vk, hv Z Zvgiv Kj vycövß niõ (gv q`vn 5/90) (9) cy weµ q AwaK Kmg Kiv : Avey ûivqiv (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb, ÔKmg Ki j cy weµq nq wkš Zv Z eikz _v K bvõ 85 Avey hvi (ivt) _ K ewy Z bex Kixg (Qvt) e jb, ÔwZb e w³i mv _ wkqvg Zi w`b Avj vn K_v ej eb bv, Zv `i w` K ZvKv eb bv, Zv `i Rb i q Q hš Yv`vqK kvw ivex e jb, ivm~j (Qvt) GUv wzbevi ej jb Avey hvi (ivt) e jb, Zviv aÿsm I wzmö n e, Zviv Kviv n Avj vni ivm~j (Qvt)? wzwb ej jb, UvLbyi bx P Kvco Szwj q cwiavbkvix, DcKvi K i LvUv `vbkvix, wg_ v kc_ K i cy weµqkvixõ 86 (10) BqvZx gi m ú` f Y Kiv : Avj vn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K ib, Ôhviv Ab vqfv e BqvZxg `i m ú` MÖvm K i, Zviv Zv Zv `i D` i Av b f Y KijÕ (wbmv 4/10) (11) gryz`vwi Kiv : gvby li GKvš cö qvrbxq cy girỳ K i ivlv Bmjv g wbwl G mgq e emvqx 19. gymwjg nv/1597;wziwghxnv/1206 20. eylvix nv/2766;gymwjg nv/89 21. wgkkvz nv/2825; Avngv` nv/22007; Qnxnvn nv/1033 22. gymwjg nv/295; wgkkvz nv/2860; wziwghx nv/1315 23. Avngv` nv/6532; wziwghx nv/1336, nv`xq Qnxn 24. eylvix nv/2475; gymwjg nv/57 25. gymwjg nv/1833; Avngv` nv/17753 26. gymwjg nv/ 1606; gymbv` Avex Bqvjv nv/6480 33

epv Kbv eü iv L hv Z evrvi g~j Pov nq ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) G wel q e jb, Ô h e w³ Pwj k w`b Lv` `vgrvz K i ivlj, ZvnÕ j m Aek B Avj vn _ K gy³, Avi Avj vn I Zvi _ K gy³õ 87 ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Av iv e jb, Ô h `vgrvz K i m cvcxõ 88 Mvb-evRbvi DcKiY wewµ Kiv, fv h, Qwe wbg vy Kiv, mjy b `vwo Kvwg q A_ DcvR b Kiv, bkvrzxq `ªe mvgmöx weµq Kiv, g`, KzKzi-k~Ki wewµ K i A_ DcvR b Kiv, UÛvievwR, Puv`vevwR K i A _ i cvnvo evbv bv Gme nvivg DcvR bi D j L hvm gva g mgvcbx : mkj gywgb bi-bvixi DwPZ nvivg DcvR b _ K eu P _vkv ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb, Ônvivg Øviv h mg `n MwVZ n q Q RvnvbœvgB Zvi Rb AwaK Dc hvmxõ 89 ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) AviI e jb, - ÔwKqvgZ w`e m Kvb ev `v Zvi cv miv Z cvi e bv hz Y Zvi eqm m ú K wr Ám Kiv n e, Kv_vq Zv wbt kl K i Q; Zvi Ávb m ú K, hv Z m wk KvR K i Q; Zvi m ú` m ú K, Kv_v _ K Zv DcvR b K i Q I Zv Kv_vq e q K i Q; Zvi `n m ú K, wk m Zv RxY K i QÕ 90 ZvB Avmyb, Avgiv nvivg _ K eu P _vwk Ges cweî KziAvb I Qnxn mybœvn gvzv ek Avgv `i mvwe K Rxeb cwipvjbv Kwi Avj vn Avgv `i ZvIdxK `vb Ki b-avgxb! 27. gymwjg nv/106; Avngv` nv/21584 28. Qnxnvn nv/3362;avngv` nv/4880; wgkkvz nv/2895 29. gymwjg nv/1605; wgkkvz nv/2892 30. wziwghx nv/614, mb` Qnxn 31. wziwghx nv/2417, mb` Qnxn; `v igx nv/546 gvijvbv Avãym mvëvi wîkvjx Avi bb Avn jnv`xq RvgvÔAv Zi L vzbvgv evm x I jlk gvijvbv Avãym mvëvi wîkvjx MZ 20 k GwcÖj iweevi w`evmz ivz 11- Uvq eva K RwbZ Kvi Y wîkv j wbr evox Z g Zz eiy K i Qb Bbœvwjj vwn Iqv Bbœv BjvB n iv REb g Zz Kv j Zuvi eqm n qwqj 94 eqi wzwb wøzxqv x, 11 Rb cyî I 7 Rb Kb v I 25 Rb bvwz-bvzbx i L wm q Qb cyî `i g a W. Avngv`yj vn wîkvjx GKRb Av jg I e³v wnmv e cwiwpwz jvf K i Qb gvijvbv Avãym mvëvi wîkvjx, wczv my e` Avjx gyýx nvijv`vi gv`vixcyi hjvi a~jvipi MÖv g AvbygvwbK 1920 mv j Rb MÖnY K ib AZtci m ezt 1940 mv j wzwb gqgbwms ni wîkvj Dc hjvi PKcuvPcvov gv`ivmvq cvviz Ae vq Avn jnv`xq nb Ges mlv b weevn K ib I mlv bb emwz vcb K ib Zuvi mv _ Zuvi QvUfvB gvijvbv Avãyi iei wnriz K ib whwb MZ wzbeqi c~ e wvk GKBw` b ^MÖv g wbrevox Z B š Kvj K ib whwb XvKvi DËi hvîvevox gynv vw`qv Avivweqv gv`ivmvi wk K wq jb gvijvbv wîkvjx cyiv bv XvKvi eskvj gvwj Uvjv Avn jnv`xq Rv g gmwr ` 14 eqi hver Bgvg I LZxe wq jb AZtci eivb` c~e cvov Rv g gmwr ` 6 eqi LZxe wq jb me k l gynv v`cy i 1993 mv j cöwzwôz Avj-Avgxb Avn jnv`xq Rv g gmwr ` ïi _ K 2004 mvj ch š 10 eqi LZxe wq jb 9 gvp 2004 mv j eªb ªvK Kivi ci _ K wzwb Amȳ Ae vq Avg Zz evox Z Ae vb K ib wzwb Ômnxn bvgvh I gvmb~b `yôav wk võ ÔZvejx M BmjvgÕ ÔBmjv g ˆ`bw `b AvgjÕ mn 10-12 wu eb-gi cö YZv ciw`b ejv `ouvq Zuvi g Zz Lei cviqvi c ib Zuvi cyî W. Avngv`yj vn wîkvjxi mv _ gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ gvevb j K_v e jb Ges mg e`bv Ávcb K ib wekvj 5-Uvq AbywôZ Rvbvhvq ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ I Ôevsjv `k Avn jnv`xq hyemsnõ gqgbwmsn I XvKv hjvi bz e ` AskMÖnY K ib Ges gqgbwmsn hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi cöpvi m úv`k gvijvbv nviƒbyi ikx` gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi c _ K mevb K mvjvg `b I mg e`bv Ávcb K ib 1978 mv j ÔAvn jnv`xq hyemsnõ-gi cöwzôvi mgq _ KB wzwb Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi cöwz AZ š mnvbyf~wzkxj wq jb Ges ÔhyemsNÕ KZ K Av qvwrz wewfbœ ˆeVK I mfv-mwgwz Z Drmv ni mv _ hvm`vb Ki Zb wzwb 1978 mv j gqgbwms ni fvjykvq Avn jnv`xq hyems Ni Av qvwrz m jb Ges we kl K i 1995, 97 I 98 mv j ivrkvnx Z AbywôZ K `ªxq ZvejxMx BR Zgvq hvm`vb K ib me kl 1998 mv ji fvl Y e jb, Avwg Avgvi 11wU cy Îi mevb K Avn jnv`xq hyems Ni Rb IqvKd K i w`jvg 1997-Gi m Þ ^ i gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK cökvwkz niqvi ci _ KB wzwb Gi f³ cvvk wq jb Ges XvKvi gynv v`cyi Rv g gmwr ` GwUi cöpvi I cömv i i Z c~y f~wgkv iv Lb 34

nv`x Qi Mí ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi Kv Q GK hye Ki A yz Av e`b Avey Dgvgv (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z wzwb e jb, GK Zi Y hyek ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbku G m ejj, n Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt)! Avgv K hbv Kivi AbygwZ w`b GK_v ï b Dcw Z jvkrb Zvi wbk U G m Zv K agk w` q ejj, _vg! _vg! ivm~j (Qvt) ej jb, Zv K Avgvi Kv Q wb q G mv AZtci m ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi Lye wbk U G m emj ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Zv K ej jb, Zzwg wk Zvgvi gv qi Rb GUv (A b i mv _ hbv Kiv) cm ` Ki e? m ejj, bv, Avj vn&i Kmg! Avj vn Avgv K Avcbvi Rb DrmM Ki b! gvby liv GUv Zv `i gv q `i Rb cm ` Ki e bv wzwb ej jb, Zvgvi Kb vi Rb wk Zv cm ` Ki e? m ejj, bv, Avj vn&i Kmg! n Avj vn&i ivm~j! Avj vn Avgv K Avcbvi Rb DrmM Ki b! Kvb gvbyl GUv Zv `i g q `i Rb cm ` Ki e bv wzwb ej jb, Zzwg wk Zvgvi ev bi Rb GUv cm ` Ki e? m ejj, bv Avj vn&i Kmg! Avj vn Avgv K Avcbvi Rb DrmM Ki b! Kvb e w³b GUv Zv `i evb `i Rb cm ` Ki e bv wzwb ej jb, ZvnÕ j Zvgvi dzdzi Rb wk GUv cm ` Ki e? m ejj, bv Avj vn&i Kmg! Avj vn Avgv K Avcbvi Rb DrmM Ki b! Kvb cyi l GUv Zv `i dzdz `i Rb cm ` Ki e bv wzwb ej jb, Z e Zvgvi Lvjvi Rb wk GUv cm ` Ki e? m ejj, bv Avj vn&i Kmg Avj vn Avgv K Avcbvi Rb DrmM Ki b! Kvb gvbyl GUv Zv `i Lvjv `i Rb cm ` Ki e bv ivex e jb, AZtci wzwb Zvi Ici nvz i L `vôav K i ej jb, Ô n Avj vn! Zzwg Zvi bvn gv K i `vi, Zvi ü`q cweî K i `vi Ges Zvi j¾v vb K ndvhz K ivõ Gici H hyek Avi Kv iv ( Kvb gwnjvi) cöwz ` wócvz K iwb (gymbv ` Avngv` nv/22265; wmjwmjv Qnxnv nv/370) wb Ri Dci Ab K cövavb `qvi Abb ` óvš : Avey ûivqiv (ivt) e jb, GKRb jvk ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)- Gi wbku G m ejj, Avgv K zav c q Q Ab ey bvq G m Q, Avwg yavq KvZi wzwb Zvi x `i wbku (Lvev ii müv b) jvk cvvv jb Zviv ejj, H mëvi Kmg whwb Avcbv K mz mn cvwv q Qb Avgv `i wbku cvwb e ZxZ Ab Kvb Lv` bb ZLb ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) ej jb, Zvgv `i g a K Av Q, h Gi gngvb`vix Ki e? Avj vn Zvi cöwz `qv Ki eb ZLb AvbQvix Qvnvex (Avey Zvjnv) ej jb, Avwg Kie AZtci wzwb Zv K mv _ wb q Zvi xi wbku M jb Ges ej jb, ivm~jyj vn&i gngvb K m vb Ki Kvb Lv` Rgv ivl e bv m ( x) ejj, Avj vn&i Kmg! wkï `i Rb ivlv Lv` e ZxZ Avgv `i wbku Kvb Lv` bb wzwb ej jb, Zvgvi Lvevi cö Z Ki, evwz R vwj q `vi Ges Zvgvi mš vbiv hlb iv Zi Lvevi L Z PvB e ZLb Zv `i Nyg cvwo q w` e m Lvevi cö Z Kij, evwz R vjv jv Ges Zvi wkï `i Nyg cvwo q w`j AZtci m `uvovj Ges evwz wvk Kivi fve `wl q Zv wbwf q w`j AZtci Zviv Df q (AÜKv i) Lvevi Lv Q e j Zv K cö`k b Ki jv gngvb Lj Ges Zviv Df q zavz Ae vq ivwî hvcb Kij AZtci mkv j m ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi wbku Mgb Ki j ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) ej jb, MZ iv Z gngv bi mv _ Zvgv `i Df qi Kg KvÊ ` L Avj vn n m Qb ev AevK n q Qb Ges wb gœv³ AvqvZwU bvwhj K i Qb, ÔAvi Zviv Zv `i K wb R `i Dci cövavb `q wb Riv AfveMÖ nõ ji hv `i K Aš ii Kvc Y nõ Z gy³ ivlv n q Q, ZvivB mdjkvgõ (nvki 59/9) (eylvix nv/3794; evqnvkx, mybvbyj Kzeiv nv/7802; wmjwmjv Qnxnv nv/3272) gvbyl K Kó `Iqv _ K weiz _vkvi dhxjz : gv jk Beby gviqv` Zvi wczv nõ Z ey bv K ib, wzwb e jb, Avey hvi (ivt) e jb, Avwg ejjvg, n Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt)! Kvb Avgj gvbyl K Rvnvbœvg _ K cwiîvy w` e? wzwb ej jb, Avj vn&i cöwz Cgvb Avbqb Kiv Avwg ejjvg, n Avj vn&i bex (Qvt)! wbðq Cgv bi mv _ Kvb Avgj Av Q? wzwb ej jb, Avj vn Zv K h m ú` `vb K i Qb Zv _ K `vb Ki e Avwg ejjvg, n Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt)! m hw` `wi`ª nq, Zvi wbku `vb Kivi gz wkqz bv _v K, (ZvnÕ j m wk Ki e)? wzwb ej jb, m mr Kv Ri Av `k w` e I Amr KvR nõ Z wb la Ki e Avwg ejjvg, n Avj vn&i ivm~j! m hw` AcviM nq, mr Kv Ri Av `k cö`vb I Amr KvR nõ Z wb la Ki Z A g nq? ZvnÕ j Zvi KiYxq m ú K Avcbvi gz wk? wzwb ej jb, ZvnÕ j m g~ L i Rb wkqz Ki e Avwg ejjvg, hw` m wb R g~l nq, Kv iv Rb wkqz Ki Z m g bv nq ZvnÕ j wk Ki e e j Avcwb g b K ib? wzwb ej jb, AZ vpvwiz K mvnvh Ki e Avwg ejjvg, m hw` `ye j nq, AZ vpvwiz K mvnvh Ki Z m g bv nq, Zvn j wk Ki e? ZLb wzwb ej jb, Zzwg wk ZvnÕ j Zvgvi fvb qi Rb Kj vyki wkqz Ki e bv? Zzwg Aš Z gvbyl K Kó `Iqv _ K weiz _vk e AZtci Avwg ejjvg, n Avj vn&i ivm~j (Qvt)! m HUv Ki j Rvbœv Z cö ek Ki e? wzwb ej jb, h gymwjg Dc iv³ Kg mg~ ni Kvb GKwU Ki e, (wk qvg Zi w`b) Zvi nvz a i m jv Zv K Rvbœv Z cö ek Kiv e (ZvevivYx, gyôrvgyj Kvexi nv/1650; wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/2669) * Avãyi inxg wk K, Avj-gviKvhyj Bmjvgx Avm-mvjvdx bi`vcvov, ivrkvnx 35

Agi evyx gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK g 2014 17Zg el 8g msl v 1. mvc` web Ryev qi (int) e jb, ÔAvj vnfxwz nõj, hv Zvgvi I Zvgvi cöfyi Aeva Zvi gv S evav m wó K iõ 91 2. nvmvb evqix (int) e jb, - Ôgywgb AcwiwP Zi b vq `ywbqvex Kvb jvãbvq m DrKwÉZ nq bv Avevi gh v`vi A š^lvq m cöwz hvwmzvq wjß nq bv Kbbv Zvi hgb gh v`v i q Q, gvby li Zgwb gh v`v i q Q AZGe `ywbqvex Gme Ab_ K welq cwiz vm K i Avj vn&i c _ AwfgyLx ni 92 3. Av vi web Bqvwmi (ivt) e jb, Ôgvby li Rb Dc `k`vzv wnmv e g Zz B h _ó, cövpz h i Rb ` p wek vmb h _ó Ges Bev` Zi Rb GKwbôZvB h _óõ 93 4. AveyÏvi`v (ivt) e jb, Ôev `v g Zz K hz ekx iy Ki e, Zvi DrdzjZv I cöwzwnsmv ZZ ekx n«vm cv eõ 94 5. Beby Igi (ivt) e jb, ÔmrKg nõj LyeB mnr e mycömbœ Pnviv I bgª fvlvõ 95 6. mywdqvb QvIix (int) e jb, : Ôhvi g a wzbwu ˆewkó bb m hb b v qi Av `k I Ab vq _ K wb la bv K i (1) Av `k-wb l ai e vcv i Kvgj niqv (2) b vqcivqy niqv Ges (3) G e vcv i c~y Ávb _vkvõ 96 91. Beby KvQxi m~iv dvwz i 28 Avqv Zi Zvdmxi `ªt 92. gyqvbœvd Be b Avex kvqev nv/36358, Rv gej Ej~g Iqvj wnkvg 2/379 93. Avngv`, Avh-hyn&` c t 176, Avjevbx, gik d Qnxn, hcdvn nv/502-gi Av jvpbv `ªt 94. gyqvbœvd Beby Avex kvqev nv/35725; Mvhhvjx, BnBqvD Dj~wgÏxb 3/189 95. evqnvk x, ïôaveyj Cgvb nv/7702, mb` RvBwq` 96. Avngv` web nv ^j, Avj-IqviÔE c t 166, Rv gej Ej~g Iqvj wnkvg 2/256 7. Avjx Bebyj gv`xbx (int) e jb, Avwg Bgvg Avngv` web nv ^j (int)- K wkqz Dc `k w` Z ej j wzwb ej jb, ÔZzwg ZvK Iqv K m ^j wnmv e MÖnY Ki Ges Av LivZ K Zvgvi m y L vcb KiÕ 97 8. Beivnxg web kvqevb (int) e jb, Ôgh v`v i q Q web qi g a, m vb i q Q ZvK Iqvi g a Ges ^vaxbzv i q Q A í Zzwói g a Õ 98 9. nvmvb evqix (int) e jb, Ôgvbyl K Zvgvi Kg Øviv Dc `k `vi Kej Zvgvi K_vi gva g Dc `k w` qv bvõ 99 10. Bebyj K vbwqg (int) `yóz Av jg `i m ú K e jb, Ô`yó Av jg `i cwipq nj, Zviv Rvbœv Zi `irvq e m K_vi gva g gvbyl K Rvbœv Zi w` K Wv K wkš K g i gva g Zviv gvbyl K Rvnvbœv gi w` K Wv K Zv `i e³e mg~n hlb gvbyl K AvnŸvb K i h, Rvbœv Zi w` K G mv! ZLb Zv `i Kg mg~n e j h, Zvgiv Zv `i K_v ï bv bv KviY Zviv hw` K WvK Q Zv hw` mwvk nõz, Z e Zviv Zvi Wv K cö_g mvov`vbkvix nõzõ 100 11. ejv n q _v K h, ÔAv`e wenxb Ávbx e w³ Zgb, A wenxb exi hgb 101 12. dzhv qj web Avqvh (int) m~iv gyj& Ki 2 Avqv Zi e vl vq e jb, GLv b m e vëg Avgj ( ) A_ nõj, Ôme vwak BLjvQc~Y I weï Õ wzwb e jb, : 97. Bebyj RvIhx, gvbvwk eyj Bgvg Avngv` c t 200 98. Bebyj K vbwqg, gv`vwirym mv jkxb 2/330 99. Avngv` web nv ^j, Avh-hyn&` c t 222 100. Bebyj K vbwqg, Avj-dvIqv q` c t 61 101. wknveyïxb Avkexnx, Avj-gymZvZ ivd c t 31 36

ÔAvgj hw` BLjvQc~Y nq, wkš mwvk bv nq Z e Zv MÖnY hvm n e bv Avi hw` mwvk nq, wkš BLjvQc~Y bv nq, ZeyI Zv MÖnY hvm bq A_ vr hz Y bv Kvb Avg j weï Zv I BLjvQ GKÎ n e, ZZ Y Zv Avj vn&i wbk U MÖnY hvm n e bv Avi BLjvQc~Y n e, hlb mlv b Kej Avj vn&i mš wób j _vk e Ges weï n e, hlb Zv Qnxn mybœvn gvzv ek n eõ 102 13. GK e w³ AveyÏvi`v (ivt)- K Dc `k `v bi Aby iva Rvbv j wzwb e jb, ÔZzwg my Li mgq Avj vn K iy Ki, K ói mgq wzwb Zvgv K iy Ki ebõ 103 14. AveŸvmxq Ljxdv Avey RvÔdi Avj-gvbQ~i ^xq mš vb gvn`x K Dc `k w` q e jb,. - ÔZvK Iqv e ZxZ Ljxdv mdjzv AR b Ki Z cv i bv, AvbyMZ e ZxZ ivrv mdj nq bv, b vqcivqyzv e ZxZ KvbwKQz RbmvaviY K wvk Ki Z cv i bv H e w³ gv Kivi AwaK hvm, whwb kvw `v b AwaK hvm me P q Ávbnxb H e w³ h Zvi Aat bi Dci hyjyg K iõ wzwb e jb, ÔZzwg bôgz K ïkwiqv Av`v qi gva g, gzv K gvi gva g, AvbyMZ K fvjevmvi gva g Ges werq K gvby li cöwz webq I `qvi gva g Ae vnz iv Lv Avi Zzwg `ywbqvq Zvgvi cövc Ask I Avj vn&i ing Zi Ask jv fi K_v fy j h qv bvõ 104 15. gv jk web `xbvi (int) e jb, ÔhLb ev `v Avgj Kivi Rb Øxbx Bjg AR b K i, ZLb mb Bjg Zv K webqx K i Avi hlb m Avgj 102. Zvdmxi Bebyj K vbwqg 1/78, Bebyj K vbwqg, BÔjvgyj gyiqv Cb 2/124 103. evqnvk x, ïôave nv/1101, Rv gej Ej~g Iqvj wnkvg c t 475 104. Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 10/126 e ZxZ Ab Kvb j Zv AR b K i ZLb m Bjg Kej Zvi AnsKviB e w K iõ 105 16. ejv n q _v K h, - Ômr m½ wenxb e w³ Av½yj wenxb nv Zi b vqõ 17. nhiz Avjx (ivt) _ K ewy Z wzwb e jb, : Ô jvk `Lv bv e w³i PviwU AvjvgZ nõj- (1) GKvKx _vkv Ae vq m (mr Avg j) AjmZv K i (2) gvby li mv vk j m Zrci nq (3) m KvR ekx K i hlb Zvi Rb Zv K cöksmv Kiv nq (4) Avi Zv Kg K i hlb mrb Zv K wb `v Kiv nqõ 106 18. R bk e w³ e jb, + ÔA í Zzwói dj nõj cökvwš Ges webq-bgªzvi djvdj nõj fvjevmvõ 107 19. nvmvb evqix (int) e jb, Ô Kvb ev `v _ K Avjvn&i gyl wdwi q biqvi wb`k b nõj, Ab_ K KvR-K g Zv K e K i `IqvÕ 108 20. KvÔe Avj-Avnevi R bk e w³ K j K i e jb, ÔZzwg Avj vn K fq Ki Ges grwjm AjsK Z Kivi gh v`v jvf _ K `~ i _ K mš ó ni Avi gvbyl K Kó w` qv bv Kbbv Zzwg hw` Avmgvb-hgxb fwz Áv bi AwaKvix ni, Avi Zvgvi g a AvZ wizv _v K, Z e Avj vn Kej Zvgvi wbk ózv I Î wub evwo q ` ebõ 109 21. Avãyj vn web gvme` (ivt) e jb, e w³i Rb AZUzKz BjgB h _ó hb m Avj vn K fq K i Avi Zvi AÁZvi Rb GUvB h _ó h, m wb Ri mravgj ` L gy» nqõ 110 105. evqnvk x, ïôaveyj Cgvb nv/1688, wnjbqvzzj AvDwjqv 2/372 106. hvnvex, wkzveyj Kvev qi c t 145 107. Avngv` Avj-weKix, wbnvqvzzj Avive dx dzb~wbj Av`ve 3/245 108. Rv gej Ej~g Iqvj wnkvg 1/294 109. Avey bvcg B úvnvbx, wnjqvzzj AvDwjqv 5/376, Beby Avwãj evi, Rv ge evqvwbj Bjg I dvhwjwn 1/567 110. gyqvbœvd Beby Avex kvqev nv/35659 37

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Qwo q `Iqvi AvnŸvb Rvbvb m jb k l iv ZB Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ mdim½x `i wb q ivrkvnx Z wd i Av mb hjv m jb : bimuv gv `v 21 k gvp ïµevi : ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ I Ôevsjv `k Avn jnv`xq hyemsnõ bimuv hjvi D ` v M hjvi gv `v _vbvaxb Rvg`B MwZDj vn Avwjg gv`ivmv gq`v b bimuv hjv m jb AbywôZ nq hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz gvijvbv Avãym mvëv ii mfvcwz Z AbywôZ D³ m j b cöavb AwZw_ wnmv e e³e iv Lb ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ-gi gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ cö dmi W. gynv v` Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwje Ab v b i g a e³e ck K ib ÔAv `vjbõ-gi K `ªxq cöpvi m úv`k W. gynv v` mvlviqvz nvmvbb, K `ªxq gyevwj M kixdzj Bmjvg, AvjgviKvhyj Bmjvgx Avm-mvjvdx bi`vcvovi wk K gvijvbv i g Avjx, hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mn-mfvcwz Avdhvj nvmvbb cögyl bz e ` m j b mâvjk wq jb hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mvaviy m úv`k Aa vck knx`yj Avjg m j b bvix-cyi li wecyj Dcw wz m jb K cövyeš K i Zv j gwnjv `i Rb c _K c v Ê ji e e v wqj m jb k l gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ Zuvi cöwzwôz gv`ivmv gmwr ` hjv `vwqz kxj `i wb q mvsmvwbk mfvq wgwjz nb wzwb `vwqz kxj `i K hjvq mvsmvwbk KvR Rvi`vi Kivi AvnŸvb Rvbvb m j b cvk ezx PuvcvB bevemä hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz gvivjvbv Avãyj vn I mvaviy m úv`k Aveyj nvmvbb mn Ab vb MY Dcw Z wq jb D j L h, we ivax `i Pµv š cywjk cökvmb nvvr ejv 11- Uvq G m m jb eü e j Rvwb q `q c i 4-Uvi w` K G m AbygwZ `q wpwýz GBme we ivaxiv ` ki cövq me Î mikvix ` ji cöfvekvjx e w³ A_ev cökvmb K cöfvwez K i Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi KÉ ä Kivi Pµvš K i _v K Ges muv cövqb Zviv m j bi w`bb K i _v K mßvne vcx c~e e½ md i Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ MZ 22 k gvp kwbevi nõ Z 28 k gvp ïµevi ch š mßvne vcx `viqvzx md i ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ -Gi gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ cö dmi W. gynv v` Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwj ei bz Z 30 R bi GKwU `viqvzx Kv djv ` ki c~e I `w Y-c~e e ½i PÆMÖvg, K evrvi, ev `ievb, gšjfxevrvi I nwemä hjvi wewfbœ v b mdi K ib G mg q myax mgv ek, Bmjvgx m jb, cö kœvëi grwjm, ˆeVKx Av jvpbv, gz wewbgq mfv QvovI ÔAv `vjbõ- Gi cwiwpwz, `viqvz, wjd ju, gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK, QvjvZzi ivm~j (Qvt) mn wewfbœ eb-cȳ K I cöpvicî e vcknv i weziy Kiv nq ivrkvnx nõ Z wzbwu gvb µv hv M 22 k gvp kwbevi ejv cš b wzbuvq hvîv ïi nq Gmg q Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi mdim½x `i g a wq jb, ÔAv `vjbõ-gi K `ªxq mvaviy m úv`k Aa vck gvijvbv b~i j Bmjvg, mvsmvwbk m úv`k Aa vck wmivryj Bmjvg, cöpvi m úv`k W. gynv v` mvlviqvz nvmvbb, K `ªxq gyevwj M kixdzj Bmjvg, ivrkvnx gnvbmix ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz gynv v` wmqvqzïxb, mnmsmvb msev` Av `vjb hjv m jb : RqcyinvU KvjvB 18B gvp g½jevi : A` ev` AvQi ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ I Ôevsjv `k Avn jnv`xq hyemsnõ RqcyinvU hjvi D ` v M hjvi KvjvB _vbv m` ii gcbyïxb nvb zj gq`v b hjv m jbõ14 AbywôZ nq hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz Rbve gvnd hyi ingv bi mfvcwz Z AbywôZ D³ m j b cöavb AwZw_ wnmv e e³e iv Lb ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ-gi gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ cö dmi W. gynv v` Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwje Ab v b i g a e³e ck K ib, ÔAv `vjbõ-gi K `ªxq mvaviy m úv`k Aa vck gvijvbv b~i j Bmjvg, Lyjbv hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz gvijvbv Rvnv½xi Avjg, K `ªxq gyevwj M kixdzj Bmjvg, Ôhyems NÕi K `ªxq mn-mfvcwz b~i j Bmjvg, e ov hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz Rbve Avãyi inxg, w`bvrcyi-c~e hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz Rbve Avãyj Iqvn&nve kvn cögyl wekvj wzbuv _ K GKB gq`v b AbywôZ gwnjv mgv e k e³e ck K ib, Avj-gviKvhyj Bmjvgx Avm-mvjvdx, bi`vcvovi wk K gvijvbv Avãyi ivhhvk web BDmyd Ges hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi cöpvi m úv`k I Avj- niv wkíx Mvôx cöavb gynv v` kdxkzj Bmjvg D j L h, ivrkvnx _ K RqcyinvU Avmvi c _ gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ Zjvj _vbv m` ii ÔmvbwfD wcö K v WU GKv WgxÕi wk K Rbve Zv ik Avj-gvg~b-Gi evmvq hvîvweiwz K ib AZtci mlv b be wbe vwpz Pqvig vb Rbve iibkzj Bmjvg PŠayix wucy I be-cöwzwôz evqzzi ingvb Avn jnv`xq Rv g gmwr `i cöwzôvzv I mfvcwz Avbxmyi ingvb mi`vi mn vbxq MY gvb e w³em I bzzb Avn jnv`xqmy Zuvi mv _ mv vz K ib mlvb _ K iiqvbv n q wzwb KvjvB Avn jnv`xq Kg c Rv g gmwr ` gvmwi ei QvjvZ Av`vq K ib QvjvZ k l wzwb mg ez gyqj x I myax `i mv _ `xn mgq gzwewbgq K ib G mgq wzwb Zuvi cöwzwôz KvjvB Avn jnv`xq Kg c wbg v Yi D Ïk e vl v K ib Ges Zv h_vh_fv e ev evqb bv niqvq `ytl cökvk K ib hv `i Kvi Y GUv e vnz n Q wzwb Zv `i K Avn jnv`xq-gi Av`k g~ j wd i G m G Kg c my `ifv e Avev `i AvnŸvb Rvbvb G mg q Kg c gmwr `i Bgvg gynv v` mjxgyj vn I Kg c gv`ivmvi wk K gvijvbv gyhhvw j Dcw Z wq jb mlvb _ K Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ KvjvB Kg c i Ab Zg Rwg`vZv Rbve knx`yj Bmjvg ZvjyK`v ii Avgš Y mvov w` q Zvi mv _ mv vr K ib AZtci gcbyïxb nvb z ji mv ek cöavb wk K Rbve Avãyj gvbœvb-gi evmvq Mgb K ib mlv b hjv ÔAv `vjbõ, ÔhyemsNÕ I Ô mvbvgwyõ-i `vwqz kxj `i wb q ˆeVK K ib wzwb Zv `i mv _ hjvi mvsmvwbk Kvh µ gi AMÖMwZ ch v jvpbv K ib Ges hjvi me Î e vckfv e `viqvzx KvR 44

mfvcwz gynv v` bvwhgyïxb, mvaviy m úv`k Aa vck gyexbyj Bmjvg, A_ m úv`k Avkivdzj Bmjvg, gnvbmbixi bi`vcvov evrvi kvlvi A_ m úv`k mvjgvb dv imx I ÔAv `vjbõ-gi cöv_wgk m`m AveyeKi; RqcyinvU hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz gvnd hyi ingvb; e ov hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz Avãyi inxg, mgvrkj vy m úv`k idxkzj Bmjvg, `dzi m úv`k QnxgyÏxb, hjvi kvnrvnvbcyi Dc hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz Avjnv¾ ivgvhvb Avjx, Rq fvmv kvlv mfvcwz Avjnv¾ gvbq~i ingvb, e ov hjv Ôhyems NÕi mfvcwz Avãyi ivhhvk; g nicyi hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi Dc `óv gvijvbv mvbdzj Bmjvg, mvaviy m úv`k gynv v` ZixKzhhvgvb, hjvi MvsYx Dc hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mvaviy m úv`k gynv v` Avbxmyi ingvb gvj v, MvsYx Dc hjv Ôhyems NÕi mn-mfvcwz Mvjvg AvIi½ he I ÔAv `vjbõ-gi cöv_wgk m`m gynv v` njvjyïxb; Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi Kwbô cyî I Avj-gviKvhyj Bmjvg Avm-mvjvdx bi`vcvovi `kg kªyxi QvÎ nv dh Avngv` Avãyj vn kvwki I 5g kªyxi QvÎ Avãyj vn gvih~k Avj-mvC` AZtci XvKv _ K m½x nb XvKv hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mv ek mfvcwz gvijvbv Avgvbyj vn web BmgvCj, mn-mfvcwz gykviid nvmvbb, A_ m úv`k Kvhx nviƒbyi ikx`, eivb` GjvKv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mn-mfvcwz gynv v` elwzqvi, A_ m úv`k g bvqvi j Bmjvg I cöv_wgk m`m wniy wgquv we vwiz wi cvu wbgœiƒc : 23 k gvp iweevi : ivrkvnx _ K 22 k gvp kwbevi ejv cš b wzbuvq iiqvbv n q ciw`b ejv mv o 12-Uvq D³ `viqvzx Kv djv ` ki c~e -`w Y mxgvš kni K evrv i cuš Q mlv b Zv `i K Af _ bv Rvbvb K evrvi Kv U i AvBbRxwe Rbve GW fv KU kdxdj Bmjvg, GW fv KU mwjg Rvnv½xi I e emvqx gvgzvhyïxb AZtci Zviv Ômx ex PÕi AbwZ`~ i c~e _ K eywksk Z Ô nv Uj mvbgb e y cv j Õ cuš Qb Ges QvjvZ I LvIqv- `viqv k l wekªvg MÖnY K ib Gw` K XvKv _ K ÔBDbvB UW GqviI q RiÕ d vbu hv M ejv 2Uv 30 wgwb U Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ K evrvi wegvb e ` i AeZiY K ib mlv b Zuv K Af _ bv Rvbvb GW fv KU kdxdj Bmjvg, Ave~`vE` PŠayix, gynv v` mv ei nvmvbb, Avgxbyj Bmjvg, Avixdzj Bmjvg, gvgzvhyïxb, Wt mvlviqvz nvmv qb cögyl nv U j cuš Q wzwb Rbve gvgzvhyïx bi AvwZ _qzv MÖnY K ib mx exp cwi`k b : wekvj 5-Uvq Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ gnvb Avj vn ZvÔAvjvi Ac~e m wó `Lvi Rb mv_x `i wb q mgỳ ª ˆmK Z hvb Ges wek mªóv Avj vn ZvÔAvjvi gwngv NvlYv K ib mlv b e emvwqk Kvi Y K evrv i AvMZ wmivrmä hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mv ek mvsmvwbk m úv`k Rbve Avãyj Iqv`~`-Gi mv _ mv vr nq AZtci ˆmK ZB Zuviv GK Î gvmwi ei QvjvZ Av`vq K ib ˆmK Zi QvZv I PŠwKi åvg gvb e emvqx hyekwu mvg b QvZvi c` v I Av M-wc Q PŠwK w` q my `ifv e Qvjv Zi e e v K i `q GUvB bvwk Zvi `Lv g Z mx ex P cö_g gvmwi ei RvgvÔAvZ Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ Zv K wbqwgz QvjvZ Av`v qi bqxnz K ib myax mgv ek : hjv AvBbRxex fe bi `vzjvi mfvk ev` gvmwie myax mgv ek AbywôZ nq mx exp _ K wd i gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ D³ myax mgv e k hvm`vb K ib Ges mg ez AvBbRxex I myax `i D Ï k fvly `b vbxq wmwbqi GW fv KU Rbve gykzvk Avngv` -Gi mfvcwz Z AbywôZ D³ myax mgv e k Ab v b i g a e³e iv Lb, ÔAv `vjbõ-gi K `ªxq mvaviy m úv`k Aa vck b~i j Bmjvg, mvsmvwbk m úv`k Aa vck wmivryj Bmjvg, cöpvi m úv`k W. gynv v` mvlviqvz nvmvbb, XvKv hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mv ek mfvcwz gvijvbv Avgvbyj vn web BmgvCj, K `ªxq gyevwj M kixdzj Bmjvg cögyl mgv e k KziAvb ZjvIqvZ K i Avj-gviKvhyj Bmjvgx Avm-mvjvdx bi`vcvovi QvÎ nv dh Avngv` Avãyj vn kvwki I Bmjvgx RvMiYx cwi ekb K i Avãyj vn gvih~k Abyôvb mâvjb K ib Rbve GW fv KU kwddj Bmjvg ev` gvmwie nõ Z ivz 11-Uv ch š GKUvbv Abyôvb P j myax `i e vck Dcw wz I cö kœvëi Abyôvb K cövyeš K i Zz j Abyôvb j wzj avi Yi VuvB wqj bv A b K `uvwo q e³e kªey K ib G mg q Dcw Z kªvzv `i g a ÔAv `vjbõ-gi `viqvz m úwk Z cöpvicî, wjd ju I gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK weziy Kiv nq Abyôvb k l kªvzv `i wjwlz cö kœi Reve `b gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ D j L h, K evrv i GwUB ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjbõ-gi e vbv i AbywôZ cö_g `viqvzx Abyôvb myax mgv ek k l wzwb K `ªxq `vwqz kxjmy mn GW fv KU kdxdj Bmjv gi evmvq AvwZ _qzv MÖnY K ib AZtci ivz 12-Uvq nv U j cöz vez b K ib 24 k gvp mvgevi : m UgvwU Ý mdi : evsjv ` ki me `w Yi Øxc Ô m UgvwU ÝÕ mvmi e GK Abb m wó cöevj w` q Niv meyr k vg j fiv G ØxcwU mwz B ` wób `b Pvwiw` K A _ cvwbivwki gvslv b gnvb Avj vn&i Ac~e m wói wb`k b wb q `uvwo q Av Q cövq 9 wk jvwguvi `xn I 1 wk jvwguvi cö i QvÆ G ØxcwU Gi cövpxb bvg ÔwRbwRiv ØxcÕ G K Ôbvwi Kj wrbwrivõi ejv nq GLv b me vwak bvwi Kj nq e j nqzev G bvgkiy nõ Z cv i UKbvd _vbvi Aš M Z G Øx ci jvkmsl v gvî 8 nvhvi Gi g a fvuvi msl v 3 nvhvi GLv b 2 wu cövbgvix zj, 1 wu nvb zj, 3 wu ndh Lvbv I 1wU KIgx gv`ivmv I 13 wu gmwr` Av Q GLv b avb, gwip, cuqvr, ZigyR BZ vw`i Pvl nq Z e G Øx ci Awaevmx `i AwaKvskB ckvq R j Zv `i DcvR bi cöavb Drm nõj grm wkkvi R jv Q v mi ms KZ c j Øxcevmx K A bk mgq mewkqz d j cvwb c _ 28 wk jvwguvi `~ i UKbvd P j h Z nq 24 k gvp fvi mv o 6-Uvq K evrvi _ K iiqvbv nb GW fv KU kwddj Bmjvg mn Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ I Zuvi mdim½xmy mbvevwnbxi ZË veav b ˆZix gwib WªvBf mok c_ a i Wv b mvmi I ev g cvnvo G `yõ qi gvslv b wcpxvjv c_ a i g bvig me ` k gvwo q Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi cövb fukvi I mv_x `i gvb µv jv G Ki ci GK Pj Z _v K K evrvi _ K 77 wk.wg. `~ i evsjv ` ki c~e mxgv š i 45

Dc hjv kni Ô UKbv dõi D Ï k gwib WªvBf mok k l mikvix mo K cuš Q GKwU v bi we qki ` k mk ji g a cö kœi m wó K i muv GB h, wcpxvjv c _i gv S eo eo Mv Qi I ˆe`ÿ wzk LuywUi Ae vb H wj K euvwp q Nywi q- cuwp q AwZ mveav b Mvox wj K AwZµg Ki Z nq m ezt mikv ii GK wefv Mi mv _ Ab wefv Mi mgš^q bv niqvi dj GUv ` ki Ab Kv_vI Ggb iv v Av Q wk-bv m `n AZtci UKbvd cuš Q mlvb _ K mkvj 10-Uvq Ô Kqvix wm `vev`õ Rvnvh hv M evsjv `k I gvqvbgvi mxgvš eivei ÔbvdÕ b`xi eyk wp i Zviv GwM q P jb e ½vcmvM ii w` K cövq AvovB N Uv Pjvi ci ejv mv o 12-Uvq m UgvwU Ý cušq j mlv b vbxq Rbve Avãyi inxg Kv djv K Af _ bv Rvbvb AZtci cwðgcvov Rv g gmwr ` hvni I AvQi QvjvZ Rgv I KQi K i Av`vq K ib I cvk ezx nvmvb i u vivq mk j `ycy ii Lvevi MÖnY K ib AZtci wkqz mgq m UgvwU Ý Ny i ` L cybivq wdiwz Rvnv h 3-10 wgwb U hvîv K i wekvj 5-20 wgwb U UKbvd cuš Qb m UgvwU Ý Øx ci eû `vkv b Ges vbxq I ch UK `i g a G mg q ÔAv `vjbõ-gi cwiwpwz, `viqvz, wewfbœ wjd ju I gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK weziy Kiv nq ivrkvnx gnvbmi ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mvaviy m úv`k Aa vck gyexbyj Bmjvg I A_ m úv`k Avkivdzj Bmjv gi ZË veav b m UgvwU Ýevmxi wbk U GB `viqvz cuš Q `Iqv nq G mgq m µuvix Rbv ij Zuvi c~e cwiwpz vbxq nvb z ji cöavb wk Ki m ½ mv vr K ib I Zuv K msmv bi `viqvz `b Pjvi c _ Rvnv hi gvb K Mvb ïi n j Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ `yõrb Kgx K mv is-gi Kv Q cvwv q wb la K ib Mvb eü Ki j c i Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ wb R wm q Zuv K bqxnz K ib Ges gv Sg a cuvp wgwbu K i m~iv Bqvmxb Abyev` mn K v mu ïbv Z civgk `b Gmgq Zv K QvjvZzi ivm~j (Qvt) nvw`qv `Iqv nq UKbv d bvgvi mgq cöexy mv is Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi wbku cybivq `vôav Pvb UKbvd _ K divi c _ Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ DwLqv _vbvaxb gyûixcvov Rv g gmwr ` msw ß hvîv weiwz w` q gvmwie I Gkvi QvjvZ Av`vq K ib AZtci K evrvi Kv U i GW fv KU Rbve mwjg Rvnv½x ii Avgš Y mvov w` q DwLqv _vbv m` i msw ß hvîv weiwz K ib wzwb GW fv KU mwjg Rvnv½x ii fvwmbv GKivg gv K Ui gvwjk Rbve GKivg Qv n ei P ^v i wkqz mgq e mb I Zv `i c _ K msw ß AvwZ _qzv MÖnY K ib Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ Gmg q Rbve GKivg Qv ne K AvZ-ZvnixK I QvjvZzi ivm~j (Qvt) eb Dcnvi `b Ges Dcw Z mk ji D Ï k msw ß fvly `b wzwb e jb, 1978 mv ji 12-24 g 12 w`b wbh vwzz ivwn½v kiyv_x `i ÎvY `Iqvi Rb DwLqvq Ae vb K iwqjvg Ges ÔAvn jnv`xq hyems NÕi Kgx `i wb q cöpzi So-e wói g a wbr nv Z Zv `i mev K iwqjvg I Nievwo ˆZix K i w` qwqjvg Avgv `i mevq gy» n q we`vq ejvq `vwqz iz g vwr óªu Av emfiv K É ej Z eva n qwq jb, ïaygvî cywjk w` q Amnvq kiyv_x I Zv `i bvix `i wbivcëv `Iqv m e wqj bv Avcbv `i gz Øxb`vi wb ew`z cövy I wbt ^v_ Kgx evwnbx mgv Ri Rb me `v cö qvrb Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ e jb, mw` bi DwLqv Avi AvR Ki DwLqvi g a w`b I iv Zi cv_ K wzwb e jb, gvby li Ae vi cwiez b n q Q e U, wkš PwiÎ I Avgj-AvK x`vi cwiez b m Zzjbvq G Kev ib xy wzwb DwLqvi me Î Avn jnv`xq Av `vj bi `viqvz cuš Q `Iqvi AvnŸvb Rvbvb AZtci mlvb _ K iiqvbv n q ivz mv o 10-Uvq K evrv i wd i Av mb m UgvwU Ý md i K evrv ii vbxq `i g a Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi mdim½x wq jb, GW fv KU kdxdj Bmjvg, Ave~`vE` PŠayix, Avgxbyj Bmjvg, Avixdzj Bmjvg, gvgzvhyïxb I ` jvqvi nvmvbb cögyl hjv KwgwU MVb : m UgvwU Ý _ K wd i ivz 12-Uvq Ô nv Uj mvbgb e y cv j Õ K evrv ii bzzb Avn jnv`xq fvb `i wb q msw ß ˆeVK AbywôZ nq G mg q Zv `i wbku ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vj bõi j, D Ïk, Kg m~px I Kg c wz Ges RvgvÔAvZx wh `Mxi i Z I cö qvrbxqzv Zz j aiv nq Dcw Z mk ji AvMÖ n I m wz Z Rbve GW fv KU kdxdj Bmjvg K mfvcwz I Ave~`vE` PŠayix K mvaviy m úv`k K i Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi Dcw wz Z ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ K evrvi hjv KwgwU MVb Kiv nq 25 k gvp g½jevi : ev `ievb mdi : K evrv i `yõw` bi e Zg mgq KvwU q 25 k gvp fvi 6-Uv 20 wgwb U Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ mdim½x `i wb q cve Z hjv ev `iev bi D Ï k iiqvbv nb Ges mkvj mv o 9-Uvq ev `ievb kn i cuš Qb AZtci cvnvox DuPz-bxPz c _ Pj Z A g nvbgbp gvb µv jv mlv b i L kw³kvjx dvi ûbjvi ûw Lvjv `yõwu wckavc vbxq fvlvq ÔPuv `i MvoxÕ fvov K i mkvj 10-Uvq ev `ievb kni _ K 48 wk jvwguvi `~iezx cvnv oi P~ovq Aew Z ÔbxjwMwi ch Ub K `ªÕ `Lvi D Ï k iiqvbv nb WªvBfvi `yõr bi GKRb cvnvox Agymwjg Ges Ab Rb ev½vjx gymjgvb bvg nvmvb `vwlj ch š covïbv K i Q Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ Zvi cv ki mx U emvi ci m ejj, Avgvi wk mšfvm h, Avcbv K mev Kivi my hvm c qwq wew Z n q wzwb wr Ám K ib, Zzwg Avgv K wpb j wkfv e? Rev e m e j, Avcbv K wp b bv Ggb gvbyl evsjv ` k Av Q bvwk? cw_g a wp ^yk cvnv o mk j msw ß hvîvweiwz K ib AZtci ejv 12-Uvq bxjwmwi cuš Qb bxjwmwii D PZv nõj 2400 dyu, wp ^yk cvnv oi D PZv 1800 dzu Ges bxjvp ji D PZv 1600 dzu bxjwmwi _ K ev `ievb cvnvox hjvi cök Z iƒc Ae jvkb Kiv hvq el vkv j AvKvk ^ Q _vkvq GLvb _ K K evrvi I mgỳ ª `Lv hvq DuPz-bxPz cvnvo Avi mey R Niv hjvwui ` k bqbvwfivg wekvjvkvi gvwui cvnvo wj hb cv_ ii PvB ZI k³ nvhvi nvhvi eqi a i Vvq `uvwo q Av Q GKBfv e gnvb Avj vn&i G GK Ac~e m wó GLvbKvi Rxeb hvîv Lye KwVb jvkmsl v Lye Kg A bk `~ i `~ i wkqz cvnvox DcRvwZi emevm Lv` I cvwbi msku bxjwmwi Z DVvi mgq wu KU KvD Uv i Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi cwipq Rvb Z c i Zuvi m v b `vwqz kxj ˆmwbKwU `yõr bi wu KU wd«`b Ges Zuv K mn wckavcwu G Kev i P~ovq DV Z AbygwZ `b Ab w` K P~ovq m e v P wkl i Aew Z `~iexb K `ªi ˆmwbKwU Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi 46

cwipq c q Zuv K mm v b W K wb q `~iexb K `ª cö e ki AbygwZ `b Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ mlv b m~iv Avw ^qv 31 AvqvZwU evsjv Abyev`mn jlv ` L Avj vn&i ïkwiqv Av`vq K ib Ges mv ek K `ªcÖav bi cöwz K ZÁZv cökvk K ib bxjwmwi cwi`k b k l mlvb _ K 1-10 wgwb U wzwb mdi m½x `i wb q cybivq ev `iev bi D Ï k hvîv K ib cw_g a evsjv ` ki m e v P 69bs cvnvox mok, hv f~wg nõ Z 2700 dzu DuPz mlv b wkqz mgq _v gb AZtci cw_g a ˆkj cöcv Z wkqz mgq weiwz w` q SY vaviv ` L wekvj mv o 4-Uvq ev `ievb cux Qb divi c _ wp ^yk cvnv o Aew Z gmwr ` hvni-avqi QvjvZ Rgv I KQi K i Av`vq K ib Ges mlv b Avwg `i K vw U b `ycy ii Ô ZnvixÕ Lvevi MÖnY K ib ev `ievb cuš Q wckav ci WªvBfvi Zv `i c v KR Pzw³ Abyhvqx kn i Aew Z eš `i HwZn evnx Ô ^Y gw ` iõ wb q hvq wkš Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ I mdim½xmy ^Y gw ` i cö ek _ K weiz _v Kb Ges `ª Z mlvb _ K wd i Av mb D j L h, Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ K enbkvix wckav ci WªvBfvi nvmvb Zvi wb Ri c _ K Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ K `yõwu cvnvox ej Lwi` K i nvw`qv `q Ges `vôav Pvq Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ Zvi Rb `vôav K ib G mg q Zv K QvjvZzi ivm~j (Qvt) I AvZ-ZvnixK Dcnvi w` q Zvi wbku Avn jnv`xq Av `vj bi `viqvz cuš Q `Iqv nq Gfv e w`be vcx ev `ievb mdi kl K i wekvj 5-Uvq Zviv PÆMÖv gi D Ï k iiqvbv nb cw_g a gnjv ch Ub K `ª wkqz mgq weiwz w` q cybivq hvîv ïi K ib AZtci cwuqv cšimfvq cuš Q Qvjv Zi Rb msw ß hvîvweiwz K ib mlv b PÆMÖvg-K evrvi mok msjmœ GKwU gmwr ` mevb gvmwie I Gkvi QvjvZ Av`vq K ib Ges Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ mdim½x `i D Ï k msw ß `im ck K ib AZtci Mvox Z IVvi mgq vbxq R bk gyw` `vkvb`vi Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ K mvjvg w` q wr Ám K ib, ÔAvcwb Avj vgv W. Avmv`yj vn Avj-Mvwje bb?õ Zvi GB cökœ ï b mk j nzevk Avcwb wkfv e wpb jb wr Ám Ki j wzwb e jb, Avcbvi A bk bvg ï bwq, cî-cwîkvq Avcbvi Qwe ` LwQ I Avcbvi Rb `vôav K iwq wzwb Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi wbku `vôav Pvb AZtci mlvb _ K iiqvbv n q ivz mv o 9- Uvq Zuviv PÆMÖv gi c Z½v mx-ex P cuš Qb G mgq hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz Wvt kvgxg Avnmvb I Ab vb MY Zv `i K Af _ bv Rvbvb AZtci Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ nvwjkn i Zuvi wbkuvz x qi evmvq Mgb K ib Ges Kv djvi Ab vb m`m MY `vi wpwb ióz i U iv Zi Lvevi MÖnY K i vbxq KvVNi bvwhicvov ivrv wgquv Rv g gmwr ` ivwî hvcb K ib D j L h, Amȳ n q covq GLvb _ K XvKvi mv_xiv iv Zi Kv P wd i hvb 26 k gvp eyaevi : myax mgv ek: A` mkvj 9-Uvq hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi D ` v M KvVNi bvwhicvov ivrv wgquv Rv g gmwr ` myax mgv ek AbywôZ nq hjvi wewfbœ vb _ K A bk bzzb Avn jnv`xq fvb myax mgv e k hvm`vb K ib hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz Wv. kvgxg Avnmv bi mfvcwz Z AbywôZ D³ myax mgv e k mkvj _ K cö kœvë ii gva g cövyeš Av jvpbv iv Lb ÔAv `vjbõ-gi K `ªxq mvaviy m úv`k Aa vck b~i j Bmjvg, mvsmvwbk m úv`k Aa vck wmivryj Bmjvg, cöpvi m úv`k W. gynv v` mvlviqvz nvmvbb, gvijvbv Avgvbyj vn web BmgvCj I K `ªxq gyevwj M kixdzj Bmjvg cögyl Gmg q bzzb fvb `i Avn jnv`xq niqvi cö vcu I evavwecwëi Ki Y Kvwnbx ïbv nq Ges Zv `i K ˆah aviy Kivi I nxbej bv niqvi Dc `k `Iqv nq Abyôv bi klw` K gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ mk ji D Ï k fvly `b D j L h, Gw`b PÆMÖvg hjv m j bi ZvwiL avh wqj wkš we ivax `i Pµv š cökvm bi AbygwZ bv cviqvq hjv m jb wmz Kiv nq gšjfxevrvi mdi : PÆMÖvg _ K wekvj 4-Uvq Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ mdim½x `i wb q gšjfxevrv ii D Ï k hvîv K ib Ges kvn AvgvbZ Avš R vwzk wegvbe `i Ny i KY dzjx b`xi Zxi a i wekvj 5-Uvq PÆMÖvg kni Z vm K ib AZtci fviivz mvqv 4-Uvq gšjfxevrv i cuš Qb mlv b ivz R M A c gvy Wv. Qv `Kzb b~i I Ôhyems NÕi Kgx gynv v` ejvjyïxb Zv `i K Af _ bv Rvbvb Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ K Wv. Qv `Kzb b~i wbr evmvq wb q hvb Ges mdim½x `i kn ii wm ju iv W Ô nv Uj w`b kvfvõ I Ô nv Uj cvcwokvõq wekªv gi e e v K ib 27 k gvp e n úwzevi : kn ii Ô nv Uj Mv ìb BbÕ- q mkv ji bvkzv m i GKwU gvb µv I GKwU evm hv M mkvj 8-Uvi w` K gvaekzê cvwbcöcvz `Lvi D Ï k Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ mdim½x `i wb q hvîv K ib cw_g a KzjvDov _vbv m` i ejv 11-Uv _ K AbywôZe c~e NvwlZ myax mgv e k e³e cö`v bi Rb W. gynv v` mvlviqvz nvmvbb I Avgvbyj vn web BmgvCj b g hvb myax mgv ek : vbxq K qkrb bzzb Avn jnv`xq fvb qi D ` v M KzjvDov _vbv m` ii nvmcvzvj iv W Aew Z ÔQvgx Bqvgx PvBwbR-evsjv ióz i UÕ c~e NvlYv Abyhvqx ejv 11- Uvq ïi nq myax mgv ek wm ju hjv ÔAv `vjbõ mv ek mfvcwz AvãyQ Qe~i PŠayixi cwipvjbvq D³ mgv e k ÔAv `vjbõ-gi K `ªxq cöpvi m úv`k I gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK m úv`k W. gynv v` mvlviqvz nvmvbb I gvijvbv Avgvbyj vn web BmgvCj hvni ch š e³e iv Lb ev` hvni Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi e³ e i NvlYv `Iqv nq BwZg a vbxq ÔZvjvgxhÕ bvgk GKwU hye msmv bi K qkrb hyek ióz i Ui evb i R ov nq Ges GKch v q jvwv nv Z wgwqj ïi K i G mg q gšjfxevrvi mikvix K j Ri e e vcbv wefv Mi 2q e l i QvÎ Ôhyems NÕi Kgx Avãyj K vbq~g K v q mi Dci Zviv kvixwikfv e AvµgY K i cwiw wz `ª Z AebwZi w` K P j M j Zvr wykfv e _vbvi Iwm mn GK c vuzb cywjk nvwhi n q cwiw wz wbqš Y Av b AZtci cywjk Abyôvb wmz K i `q Ges Avgwš Z AwZw_ `i cövb fu Kv i D V wbivc ` P j h Z mnvqzv K i Gw` K cwiw wz Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ K AewnZ Kiv nq Ges Zuv K KyjvDov bv _ g P j h Z ejv nq D j L h, KzjvDov Z mvwe K e e vcbvq wq jb vbxq e emvqx Ave~ gynv v` mvnv qj I Zvi mv_x K qkrb bzzb Avn jnv`xq AZtci gšjfxevrvi cuš Q ÔGWy Kkb m Uvi gšjfxevrviõ (BwmGg) msjmœ Rv g gmwr ` hvni I AvQi QvjvZ Av`vq K i Zuviv KzjvDov _ K wb q Avmv c v KU jvâ MÖnY K ib Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ Wvt Qv `Kzb b~ ii evmvq `ycy ii AvwZ _qzv MÖnY K ib AZtci GKw` bi NUbveûj mdi k l gšjfxevrvi _ K nwem Äi jvlvb q AbywôZe Bmjvgx m j b hvm`v bi D Ï k Zviv wekvj mv o 4-Uvq 47

iiqvbv nb G mgq Wvt Qv `Kzb b~i, ejvj I wm j Ui AvãyQ Qe~i mn A b iv `yõwu Mvox wb q Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi mdim½x nb jvlvb Bmjvgx m jb : gšjfxevrvi nõ Z wekv j iiqvbv n q mü v mv o 7-Uvq Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ I Zuvi mdim½xmy gvijvbv gxhvbyi ingvb wm juxi wzab nwemä hjvi jvlvb cuš Qb wkš we ivaxp µi AccÖPvi I cökvmb K weåvš Kivi d j cökvmwbk evavi Kvi Y m j bi cöavb AwZw_ gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ g  Av mbwb I e³e iv Lbwb vbxq gvijvbv gyq jûïxb web nigyr Avjxi mfvcwz Z HwZn evnx euzjv Ljvi gv V AbywôZ Bmjvgx m j b we kl AwZw_ wnmv e Dcw Z wq jb ÔAv `vjbõ-gi K `ªxq mvaviy m úv`k Aa vck b~i j Bmjvg, mvsmvwbk m úv`k Aa vck wmivryj Bmjvg, cöpvi m úv`k I gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK m úv`k W. gynv v` mvlviqvz nvmvbb Ab v b i g a e³e ck K ib, gvijvbv Avgvbyj vn web BmgvCj, K `ªxq gyevwj M kixdzj Bmjvg I Wt gynv v` mvlviqvz nvmvbb cögyl G mg q Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ m jb j msjmœ Rbve gvnd h wgquvi (83) evmvq AvwZ _qzv MÖnY K ib Ges m j bi kl ch š mlv b Ae vb K ib mlv b wewfbœ kªyx I ckvi gvbyl Ges GjvKvi bz e ` Zuvi mv _ wgwjz nb wzwb mkj K Øx b n K i `viqvz cö`vb K ib G mg q c` vi Aš iv j mg ez gwnjv `i D Ï k I wzwb bqxnz g~jk e³e iv Lb D j L h, m j bi mvwe K e e vcbvq wq jb vbxq 1bs jvlvb BDwbq bi Pqvig vb Rbve gynv v` wmivryj Bmjvg gšjfx evrvi I nexmä hjv KwgwU MVb : G mg q ÔAv `vjbõ-gi K `ªxq mvaviy m úv`k Aa vck b~i j Bmjvg I mvsmvwbk m úv`k Aa vck wmivrcyj Bmjvg m jb msjmœ jvlvb `vi j û`v Bmjvwgqv gv`ivmvq e m gšjfx evrvi _ K AvMZ I nexm Äi vbxq fvb `i mv _ civg k i wfwë Z Wv. Qvw`Kzb b~i K AvnŸvqK I Avey gynv v` gywgb K hym - AvnŸvqK K i gšjfx evrvi hjv AvnŸvqK KwgwU Ges gynv v` gyq jûïxb K mfvcwz I gvijvbv Rvdi Avngv` K mn-mfvcwz K i nexmä hjv KwgwU MVb K ib ivrkvnx cöz vez b : jvlvb m jb k l ivz 12-Uvq Avgx i RvgvÔAvZ ivrkvnxi D Ï k iiqvbv nb Ges ciw`b 28 k gvp ïµevi mkvj 10-Uvq Qnx-mvjvg Z `vi j BgviZ bi`vcvovq wd i Av mb dvwjj v-wnj nvg&` nv`xq dvd Êkb cvvvmvi D Øvab Puv`cyi 11B gvp ivr g½jevi : A` wekvj 3.00 Uvq ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ I Ôevsjv `k Avn jnv`xq hyemsnõ Puv`cyi m`i Dc hjvi D ` v M 707 nvrx gynwmb ivw bzzb evrvi, hvwki gbwh j Ônv`xQ dvd Êkb cvvvmviõ D Øvab Kiv nq D Øvabx Abyôv b cöavb AwZw_ wnmv e Dcw Z wq jb Kzwgj v hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz gvijvbv gynv v` QwdDj vn we kl AwZw_ wnmv e Dcw Z wq jb ÔAv `vjbõ-gi grwj m k~iv m`m I biwms`x hjvi Dc `óv Aa vck RvjvjyÏxb I Kzwgj v hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mvaviy m úv`k gvijvbv gynv v` gyq jûïxb cögyl D³ Abyôv b e³vmy e jb, Avn jnv`xq Av `vjb `ywbqvi gvbyl K cweî KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x Qi gg g~ j Rvgv qz Kivi Rb Qvnvev q Kiv gi hym nõ Z P j Avmv GKwU wb f Rvj Bmjvgx Av `vj bi bvg GB Av `vjb mgvr ms v ii Av `vjb, AvZ ïw i Av `vjb GB Av `vj bi cökvkbv cöwzôvb nõj Ônv`xQ dvd Êkb evsjv `kõ hvi g~j j B n Q- cweî KziAvb I Qnxn nv`xq wfwëk mvwnz ipbv Kiv Ges Zvi Av jv K eb-cȳ K cökvk I cöpvi Kiv AZGe mgvr ms kva bi Rb Ônv`xQ dvd ÊkbÕ cökvwkz eb-cȳ Ki Kvb wekí bb Ôevsjv `k Avn jnv`xq hyemsnõ Kzwgj v hjvi mv ek mvsmvwbk m úv`k gynv v` ngv qz nvmvb bi cwipvjbvq AbywôZ D³ mfvq Ab v b i g a e³e iv Lb, Abyôv bi AvnŸvqK nvmvb gynv v` mv nj, Bgivb nvmvbb, nvmvbb gynv v` iv mj, gzje-dëi Dc hjv myrvzcyi K j Ri mnkvix Aa vck Rbve gynv v` AvZvDj vn kixd, j²xcyi hjvi BwÄwbqvi gynv v` Avwjgyj nk, gynv v` gvn`x nvmvb, evlicyi Avn jnv`xq Rv g gmwr `i Bgvg Rbve Avãym mvenvb, dwi`mä Dc hjvi wewkó e emvqx Rbve ejvjyïxb, gynv v` kikz, gzje Dc hjvi mvbdzj vn Kexi, nvrxmä Dc hjvi KvVvwjqv Avn jnv`xq Rv g gmwr `i Bgvg gynv v` ejvjyïxb cögyl D j L h, G mg q gynv v` AvZvDj vn kixd K mfvcwz I gynv v` ngv qz nvmv qb K mvaviy m úv`k K i ÔAv `vjbõ-gi Puv`cyi kni kvlv MVb Kiv nq g Zz msev` ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ PuvcvB bevemä hjvi mv ek Dc `óv I mv ek gyw³ hv v msmvk Rbve AvdZveyÏxb Pqvig vb (87) MZ 6B GwcÖj iweevi fvi 5Uvq bevemä m`i nvmcvzv j B š Kvj K i Qb Bbœv wjj v-wn Iqv Bbœv BjvBwn iv REb g Zÿ Kv j wzwb x, 4 cyî, 1 Kb v, AvZ xq- ^Rb I eû YMÖvnx i L M Qb GKB w`b wekvj 5-Uvq vbxq LvjNvU m Uªvj C`Mvn gq`v b Zvi Rvbvhvi QvjvZ AbywôZ nq Ges cvk ezx LvjNvU Mvi v b `vdb Kiv nq gynzvivg Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi wb ` kµ g Zuvi c Rvbvhvi Qvjv Z BgvgwZ K ib ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `kõ-gi K `ªxq cöpvi m úv`k I gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK m úv`k W. gynv v` mvlviqvz nvmvbb GZØ ZxZ Rvbvhvi Qvjv Z AskMÖnY K ib ivrkvnx gnvbmix ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mvaviy m úv`k Aa vck gyexbyj Bmjvg, A_ m úv`k Avkivdyj Bmjvg, hjv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi mfvcwz gvijvbv Avãyj vn, mnmfvcwz gvijvbv Avãyj jzxd, mvaviy m úv`k Aveyj nvmvbb mn hjv ÔAv `vjbõ I Ôhyems NÕi `vwqz kxje `, hjvi MY gvb e w³em, cökvmwbk Kg KZ v, wewfbœ gv`ivmvi wk K-QvÎ, ivrbxwzk mn wecyj msl K gyqj x gin~g AvdZve Pqvig vb wq jb Avgx i RvgvÔAv Zi eû cyiv bv f³ Ges Zuvi Kvive `x _vkvkv j wzwb wq jb me `v GKRb cöwzev`x KÉ [Avgiv Zuvi iƒ ni gvm divz Kvgbv KiwQ Ges kvkvnz cwiev ii cöwz Mfxi mg e`bv Ávcb KiwQ -m úv`k] 48

cökœ (1/241) : g vevmx K Igivn cvj bi Rb ÔZvbCgÕ h Z n e wk? -BDmyd nv Uj wnjub, g v, me`x Avie DËi : Igivn&i Bnivg euvavi Rb g vevmx nvivg GjvKvi evb i hv eb I mlvb _ K Igivn&i Bnivg eu a Avm eb GRb me P q wbkuezx nõj 6 wktwgt DË i ÔZvbÔCgÕ GjvKv we`vq n ¾i mgq Igivn&i Bnivg euvavi Rb ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) x Av qkv (ivt)- K Zvi fvb Avãyi ingv bi mv _ GLv b cvwv qwq jb (eylvix nv/15/16; gyëvdvk ÔAvjvBn, wgkkvz nv/2556, 2667) GUvB nõj Rgn~i weøvbm Yi gz GgbwK gy neÿyïxb Z vevix e jb, Igivn&i Rb g v K gxk vz MY K i Qb, Ggb Kvb weøvb m ú K Avwg RvwbbvÕ (myeyjym mvjvg) gxk vz m ú K Beby AveŸvm (ivt) ewy Z we vwiz nv`xqwui kl w` K ejv n q Q ÔGgbwK g vevmxmy g v _ KÕ (eylvix nv/1524; gymwjg nv/1181) G Y D³ `yb nv`x Qi g a weøvbmy hfv e mgš^q K i Qb Zv GB h, Beby AveŸvm (ivt)-gi nv`xqwu ÔAvg, hv Kej n¾ I n ¾ wk iv bi Î cö hvr n e Ges Av qkv (ivt)-gi nv`xqwu ÔLvQÕ hv Kej Igivn&i Rb cö hvr n e AZGe me RbM nxz bxwz Abyhvqx GLv b ÔLvQÕ AMÖMY n e Ges Igivn&i Î Av qkv (ivt)-gi nv`x Qi Dci Avgj n e Avi muvb me `v n q Avm Q A_ vr g vevmxmy c _Kfv e Igivn&i Rb nvivg GjvKvi evb i hv eb I mlvb _ K Bnivg eu a Avm eb (dvzviqv jvrbv `v qgvn 11/143-47) DQvqgxb e jb, hw` KD e jb h, Av qkv (ivt) g vi evwm `v wq jb bv mrb Zuv K g vi evb i wm q Igivn&i Bnivg eu a Avm Z ejv n qwqj Avgiv eje, ewnivmz `i Rb g v _ K Igivn&i Bnivg euvavq Kvb evav bb Kbbv Zv `i Rb g v _ K (8 Zvwi L) n ¾i Bnivg euvavq Kvb evav bb G Y hw` g v Igivn&i Bniv gi Rb gxk vz nõz, ZvnÕ j muv g vevmx I ewnivmz mk ji Rb B nõz welqwu LyeB cwi vi wøzxqzt Igivn nõj whqviz hv Aek B evb i _ K Avmvi gva g m úbœ nõ Z cv i hw` KD e jb, Gi d j g v _ K Bnivg euvavi bkx Z NvUwZ c o hv e Avgiv eje, NvUwZ n e bv Kbbv h e w³ g v _ K n ¾i Bnivg euv ab, wzwb evqzzj vn&i Z viqvd Ki Z cv ib bv, nviv gi evb i wm q Avivdv Zi gq`v b Ae vb k l wd i bv Avmv ch š cö kœvëi `vi j BdZv nv`xq dvd Ûkb evsjv `k AZGe hviv e jb g vevmxmy g v _ K Igivn&i Rb Bnivg euva eb, Zuv `i K_v `jxj, Awfavb I gg me w`k w` qb `ye jõ (IQvqgxb, kviûj gyg ZÔ ÔAvjv hvw`j gymzvb K Ô 7/52) Avgiv g b Kwi Av qkv (ivt)-gi Î ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)- Gi M nxz AvgjB GLv b AMÖMY Kbbv wzwb me `v mnruv KB AMÖvwaKvi w` Zb GZ`m Ë I m hy M A bk Kó K ib Mfxi iv Z `ym g c _ Av qkv (ivt)- K evb i wm q Igivn&i Bnivg eu a Avm Z n qwqj g v _ K Rv qh n j ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) wbr x K Gfv e Kó w` Zb bv Qv n e myey ji aviyv Abyhvqx Av qkv K Lykx Kivi Rb B ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) Zuv K Giƒc wb ` k w` qwq jb, hyw³wu `ye j Avj vn me vwak AeMZ (Av jvpbv `ªóe : dvrûj evix nv/1524; myeyjym mvjvg nv/675-gi e vl v) cökœ (2/242) : ^vgx- x ci ú ii Mvcb v b ` wócvz Ki Z cv i wk? -wjlb Av e`xb* wgwkmvb, Av gwikv DËi : cv i ivm~j (Qvt) e jb, Zvgvi Mvcb vb X K ivl Z e Zvgvi x I Zvgvi `vmx Gi Aš fy ³ bq (Beby gvrvn nv/2794; wgkkvz nv/3117) D j L Av qkv (ivt) _ K ÔAvwg ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi Mvcb vb KL bv `wlwbõ g g ewy Z nv`xqwu hcd (Beby gvrvn nv/662, mb` hcd) GQvov mnev mi mgq Mvcb vb `L j e w³ AÜ n q hvqõ g g i ey bvwu gih~ ev Rvj (Avjevbx, wmjwmjv hcdvn nv/195) * [jvexe ev jvkgvb Giƒc Kvb Bmjvgx bvg ivlyb (m.m.)] cökœ (3/243) : evi evi ejv m Ë I wczv hvkvz Av`vq K i bv G Y mš v bi Rb Zvi A_ MÖnY Kiv kixôavz m Z n e wk? -kikz, PuvcvB bevemä DËi : mš vb hzw`b DcvR b g bv nq, ZZw`b wczvi A_ MÖnY Ki e KviY mv a i evb i Avj vn gvby li Dci Kvb KvR Pvwc q `b bv (evk vivn 2/186) Z e Kg g n j Zv K wb R nvjvj iƒhxi Póv Ki Z n e Avj vn e jb, n gvbyl c w_exi g a hv nvjvj I cweî, Zv _ K f Y Ki Ges kqzv bi c`vsk AbymiY K iv bv wbðq kqzvb Zvgv `i cökvk kî Õ (evk vivn 168) cökœ (4/244) : wewfbœ Bmjvgx m j b gwnjv `i cö R± ii gva g e³e ïbvi e e v Kiv nq Gfv e cyi l `i `Lv gwnjv `i Rb Rv qh n e wk? - jkvb Aviv 49

KvjvB, RqcyinvU DËi : nü v Rv qh C`vq bi Qvjv Zi Lyrevi ci ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) gwnjv `i KvZv i P j h Zb I Zv `i K Dc `k w` Zb I Qv`vK v Kivi wb ` k w` Zb Zviv Zv `i Kv bi `yj I Mjvi nvi Ly j ejv ji nv Z Zz j w` Zb (gyëvdvk ÔAvjvBn, wgkkvz nv/1429) Av qkv (ivt) e jb, Avwg Avgvi N ii `irv nõ Z ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi wcq b `uvwo q Zuvi Kuva I Kv bi ga w` q gmwr `i wfz i L jvqvo `i `LZvg (eylvix, gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/3244) D j L GK`v gvqg~bv Ges D mvjvgv (ivt)- K ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) AÜ Qvnvex Avãyj vn Beby D gvkz~g (ivt) _ K c` v Ki Z e jwq jb g g ewy Z nv`xqwu hcd (hcd wziwghx nv/526; wgkkvz nv/3116) cökœ (5/245) : R bk e³v e jb, mvzw`b `yacvb Ki j wkï `ya mš vb wnmv e MY n e Gi mz Zv Av Q wk? -ivry Avngv`, wm ju DËi : mvz w` bi Kvb mz Zv bb eis Kvb wkï K cuvpevi `ya cvb Kiv j wkï `ya mš vb wnmv e MY n e Av qkv (ivt) e jb, cö_ g `k evi `ya cvb Kivi K_v KziAv b ejv nq Zvi ci cuvp ev ii K_v AeZxY n j `kev ii weavb iwnz n q hvq G mgq ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) B š Kvj K ib wkš KziAv bi D³ Ask cwvz n Z _v K (gymwjg nv/1452, wgkkvz nv/3167) * [iv k`, idxk, ihvdj vn ev Abyiƒc Kvb Bmjvgx bvg ivlyb (m.m.)] cökœ (6/246) : we qi c~ e A ea m ú K i Kvi Y M f Avmv mš vb ciezx Z mš vb R b i c~ e B Zv `i weevn n q _vk j mš vb wk D³ wczvi w` K m úwk Z n e? -Rv mg, `vnvi, XvKv DËi : mš vb D³ wczvi w` K m úwk Z n e bv Ges m wczvi m ú `i IqvwiQ n e bv; eis Zvi gv qi w` K m úwk Z n e Ges m Kej gv qi m ú `i IqvwiQ n e ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) wjôav bi dvqqvjvq mš vb K Zvi gv qi Rb wba viy K iwq jb (eylvix nv/6748) cökœ (7/247) : Avgvi `vkv b Kw úduvi, wuwf, gvevbj, wwwfww c qvi BZ vw` weµq n q _v K Gme c Y i e envikvix `i A ea e env ii d j we µzv wnmv e Avwg MvbvnMvi ne wk? -gvôq~g, Nvovgviv, ivrkvnx DËi : we µzv mivmwi MvbvnMvi n e bv e U, wkš G Z cv ci mn hvwmzv n e AZGe Giƒc e emv _ K weiz _vkv DwPr KviY G wj AwaKvsk Î cv ci Kv R e eüz n q _v K Avj vn ZvÔAvjv e jb, Zvgiv bkx Ges ZvKIqvi Kv R ci ú i mn hvwmzv Ki Ges cvc I mxgvjsn bi Kv R ci ú i mn hvwmzv K iv bv (gv q`vn 2) Z e ïaygvî kixôavz m Z Î wewµ Ki Z m g n j Zv Rv qh n e cökœ (8/248) : GK e w³ ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi wepv i mš ó bv n q Igi (ivt)-gi wbku wepvi PvB j wzwb Zv K nz v K ib G NUbv wk mz? -Aveyj Kvjvg, cuvpwewe, RqcyinvU DËi : D³ AvQviwU GKvwaK m~ Î ewy Z n q Q, hvi me wjb `ye j (`y i gvbq~i, Beby KvQxi, m~iv wbmv 65 Avqv Zi Av jvpbv `ªt) cökœ (9/249) : kixôav Z cövyxi Qwe N i ivl Z wb la Kiv n q Q G Y h nzz MvQ-cvjviI cövy i q Q, m nzz MvQ-cvjv N i ivlv hv e wk? -dvnv`, gvnbcyi, ivrkvnx DËi : MvQ-cvjv ev Zvi Qwe N i ivlv hv e MvQ-cvjv gvbyl ev cï-cvwli Abyiƒc cövy I evakw³ m úbœ bq R bk e w³ Beby AveŸvm (ivt)- K ej jb, Avwg Qweg~wZ AsKb Kwi GUv Avgvi RxweKv wbe v ni c_ ZLb Beby AveŸvm (ivt) ej jb, Zzwg MvQ-cvjvi Qwe A¼b Ki Z cvi Ges h e i cövy bb, Zvi Qwe A¼b Ki Z cvi (eylvix nv/2225; wgkkvz nv/4507) cökœ (10/250) : fvb qi mvg_ bv _vkvq Zvi weev ni LiP Avgvi wbr ^ Avq _ K Ki Z Pvw Q wkš Avgvi ^vgx Zv Z evav w` Qb GLb Avgvi KiYxq wk? -dix`v, Kzwgj v DËi : xi wbr ^ Avq _ K h Kvb bkxi Kv R Zvi e q Kivi ^vaxbzv i q Q D yj gywgbxb mi`v I hqbe (ivt) wbr nv Z KvR Ki Zb I Qv`vK v Ki Zb (eylvix, gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/1875, ÔhvKvZÕ Aa vq) Qvnvex Beby gvme` (ivt)-gi x ^xq DcvR b _ K Zvi ^vgx K Qv`vK v w` q Qb ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi ûkz g (eylvix nv/1462) AvZ xq- ^Rb K mn hvwmzv Kiv AZ š bkxi KvR (eylvix nv/1466, gymwjg nv/1000) G Z Qv`vK vi bkx I AvZ xqzv i vi wø Y bkx jvf nq (wziwghx cöf wz; wgkkvz nv/1939) Z e ^vgxi Amš wó Z I Zvi AbygwZ e ZxZ gvj e q Ki Z x K wb la Kiv n q Q (Avey`vE` nv/3546, bvmvc nv/3231, Z vevivyx; Qnxnvn nv/775) AZGe Cgvb`vi ^vgx- x ci ú i m wz I mnvbyf~wzi gva g e q wbe vn Ki e Ges KD Kvi cöwz hyjyg Ki e bv cökœ (11/251) : Mvoxi mx U e m QvjvZ Av`v q kixôav Z Kvb evav Av Q wk? -Avjx, dix`vev`, XvKv DËi : G Z Kvb evav bb Be b Igi (ivt) GK`v ivm~j (Qvt)- K bškv Z QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv m ú K wr Ám Kiv n qwqj wzwb e jb, Wy e hviqvi fq bv _vk j Zzwg bškvq `uvwo q QvjvZ Av`vq Ki (nv Kg nv/1019, `vivkzrbx, Qnxûj Rv gô nv/3777) Avãyj vn Be b 50

Avex Drev (ivt) e jb, Avwg Rvwei Be b Avãyj vn, Avey mvc` Lỳ ix Ges Avey ûivqiv (ivt)-gi mv _ GK bškvq wqjvg Zuviv RvgvÔAvZe n q `uvwo q QvjvZ Av`vq Ki jb I Zuv `i GKRb BgvgwZ Ki jb Zviv b`xi wkbv i QvjvZ Av`vq Ki Z m g wq jb (wdk ûm mybœvn 1/218 Ô bškv, ijmvox I wegv b QvjvZ Aa vqõ Aby Q`) D j L h, cwien b bdj Qvjv Z wkejv kz bq Z e dih Qvjv Z wkejv wba vi Yi e vcv i weøvbmy gz cökvk K i Qb hw` mlv b Kvb Ihi bv _v K Kbbv ivm~j (Qvt) mdikv j dih QvjvZ evnb _ K b g wkejvgylx n q Av`vq Ki Zb (eylvix nv/1097-99) Avj vn e jb, Zvgiv hw` KB gyl wdivi mw` KB i q Q Avj vn&i Pnviv (evk vivn 2/115) Ges ivm~j (Qvt) me `v `yõwu wel qi g a mnrwu e Q wb Zb (eylvix, gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/5817) AZGe cwienb wb Ri B Qv g Z Pvjv bv m e nõ j Mvwo _ K b g wkejvgylx n q QvjvZ Av`vq Ki e m e bv n j cwien b e m mgqgz Rgv I K Qimn QvjvZ Av`vq Ki e Iqv ³i g a Mš e cušq j cybivq D³ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki ZI Kvb evav bb ZLb mwu Zvi Rb bdj n e cökœ (12/252) : Bgvg Mvhvjx (int) I Zuvi jlbx m ú K Rvwb q evwaz Ki eb -Avmv`yj Bmjvg KuvVvj evmvb, XvKv DËi : Bgvg Avey nv g` gynv v` Avj-Mvhvjx Z mx (450-505 wnt) cöyxz MÖš mg~ n we kl K i Zuvi ÔGnBqvD ÔDj~wgÏxbÕ ÔwKwgqv q mvôav`vzõ cöf wz MÖ š A bk wk Yxq I i Z c~y Dc `k mg~n i q Q wkš m wj Ges Zuvi AwaKvsk MÖš Cgvb weaÿsmx AvK x`v Ges AmsL Rvj I hcd nv`x Q cwic~y mkviy Kvhx Avqvh, gynv v` wdnix Av `vjymx, Z viz mx, gynv v` Beby Avjx gv hix, kvgmyïxb hvnvex (wmqvi AvÔjvwgb byevjv 19/327-40), Bebyj RvIhx (Zvjexmy Bejxm 149 c t), Beby KvQxi (Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 12/174), kvqlyj Bmjvg Beby Zvqwgqvn (gvrg~ô dvzviqv 4/71, 10/55) cögyl weøvbmy Zuvi cöyxz wkzve mg~n covi e vcv i mveavbevyx D PviY K i Qb D j L h, Zx è cöwzfvai Bgvg Mvhvjxi msw ß Rxe b A bk cwiez b N U Q hgb (1) wzwb Rxe bi ïi Z ÔdvjmvdvÕ Z_v `k b kv i cöwz Abyi³ nb AZtci mlvb _ K wd i Av mb Ges Gi Zxeª we ivwazv K ib AZtci (2) wzwb Bjgyj Kvjvg Z_v ZK kv i w` K g bv hvmx nb Ges Gi DQ~j Z_v g~jbxwz wel q eyrcwë AR b K ib Gmgq wzwb `vk wbk `i wei Zxeª cöwz iva M o Zv jb I Ôû¾vZzj BmjvgÕ Dcvwa Z f~wlz nb Gici (3) wzwb Bjgyj Kvjvg _ K cöz vez b K ib Ges ev Zbx gvhnve MÖnY K ib AZtci (4) wzwb ev Zbx gvhnve Q o ZvQvDI di w` K Szu K c ob me gvhnv eb wzwb ` Zv AR b K ib Ges me gvhnv ei wei B wzwb Zxeª cöwzwµqv e ³ K ib Ae k l wzwb wzwb nv`x Qi cöwz Suz K c ob Ges Avn jnv`xq nb Ges Gi Dc ib wzwb g Zz eiy K ib Bgvg Avngv` Beby Zvqwgqvn (661-728 wnt) e jb, ÔwZwb kl Rxe b Avn jnv`x Qi ZixKvq wd i Av mb Ges BjRvgyj ÔAvIqvg Avb Bjwgj KvjvgÕ ebwu ipbv K ibõ (gvrg~ô dvzviqv 4/72) Gi gva g wzwb gymwjg RvwZ K wkzve I mybœv Zi w` K wd i Avmvi AvnŸvb Rvbvb wkš Zuvi åvš AvK x`v mg~n Zuvi c~ e Kvi jlbxi g a B _ K hvq hvi gva g eû gvbyl weåvš n Q Avj vn Zuv K gv Ki b AZGe hviv Bmjv gi mwvk AvK x`v I nv`xq kv m ú K mgwak AeMZ bb, Zv `i Rb Mvhvjxi MÖš mg~n cvv Kiv nõ Z weiz _vkv Avek K hw`i m e v P mzk Zv Aej ^b mv c Zuvi g~j evb Dc `k mg~n MÖnY Kivq Kvb AvcwË bb cökœ (13/253) : A bk RxweZ ev g Z e w³i bv gi k l (int) hvm Kiv nq Gi Rb we kl Kvb hvm Zv i q Q wk? -Igi dviƒk KvgviL `, wmivrmä DËi : h Kvb bkkvi g Z gymwjg e w³i bv gi k l Ôi ngvûj vnõ (Avj vn Zvi cöwz `qv Ki b) Ges RxweZ e w³i bv gi c i Ônvwdhvûj vnõ (Avj vn Zv K ndvhz Ki b) hvm Ki Z Kvb evav bb GwU ev `vi Rb Aci ev `vi `vôav ivm~j (Qvt) wewfbœ Î evk wu e envi K i Qb (eylvix nv/1727, 3677, 6335) Z e cöpwjz wbqg Abyhvqx Øx bi wl`g Z Rxeb DrmM Kvix wemz weøvbm Yi bv gi k l Ôiv ngvûj vnõ evk e envi Kiv n q _v K AZGe h Kvb gymwjg g Z e w³ K Zv `i mgvb MY KivUv Agh v`vki ˆe wk! cökœ (14/254) : Bn~`x-wLªóvb I wn `y- eš mn ez gvb we k i mg gvbyl K D Z gynv v`x e j AvL vwqz Kiv hv e wk? -dx ivh kvn, jvjevm, iscyi DËi : Bmjvg Keyj Ki K ev bv Ki K klbex gynv v` (Qvt)-Gi AvMg bi ci _ K wk qvgz ch š mkj gvbyl Zuvi D Z hviv Zuvi `viqvz Keyj K i, Zviv gymwjg ( ) Avi hviv Bmjvg Keyj K iwb, ZvivI Zuvi D Zi Aš fy ³ ( ) hv `i K Bmjv gi `viqvz `Iqv gymwjg D vn&i cöavb `vwqz (Av j Bgivb 3/110) Avj vn ZvÔAvjv e jb, ÔAvwg Zv Zvgv K 51

wek RM Zi cöwz Kej ingziƒ cb cöiy K iwqõ (Avw ^qv 21/107) wzwb Av iv e jb, ÔAvwg Zv Zvgv K mgmö gvbervwzi cöwz mymsev``vzv I mzk Kvixiƒ c cöiy K iwq; wkš AwaKvsk gvbyl Zv Rv b bvõ (mvev 34/28) cökœ (15/255) : KD KD e j _v Kb, hviv ag m ú K Ávb iv L bv Zv `i Rb ZvK jx` Kiv ˆea? G e vcv i mwvk Z_ Rvb Z PvB nvmvbb kvwkj, gv`vi UK, XvKv DËi : Av jg nšk ev Rvwnj nšk, Kvb gymwjg e w³i Rb wbw` ó Kvb GK e w³i ZvK jx` Kiv, A_ vr kvic wel q webv `jx j Zvi _ K mkj gvmavjv MÖnY Kiv Rv qh bq Kbbv ÔZvK jx`õ nj bex e ZxZ A b i Kvb kvic e³e K webv `jx j Keyj Kivi bvg c vš i Qnxn `jxj Abyhvqx bexi AbymiY Kiv K ejv nq ÔB ËevÕ GKwU nõj `jxj QvovB A b i iv qi AbymiY, Ab wu nõj `jx ji A_ vr KziAvb I mybœvn&i AbymiY Ab K_vq ÔZvK jx`õ nõj iv qi AbymiY, ÔB ËevÕ nõj iiqvqv Zi AbymiY Bmjv g ZvK jx` wbwl Ges B Ëev cökswmz Kvb gvbyl h nzz fy ji E aÿ bq, ZvB gvbe iwpz Kvb gzev`b, PvB Zv ag xq, ivr bwzk ev A_ bwzk hvb nvk bv Kb, cök Z m Z i müvb w` Z cv i bv mb gzev ` c w_ex Z kvwš I Avm Z cv i bv Avi G Rb B bex e ZxZ A b i ZvK jx` wbwl Ges bexi B Ëev gvbe Rxe bi mkj Î Acwinvh AZGe hvi h wel q Rvbv bb, wzwb m wel q Ab K Qnxn nv`x Qi `jxjmn wr Ám Ki eb cö qvr b GKvwaK Av jg K wr Ám Ki eb cökœ (16/256) : ^vgx- x KZw`b hver ci úi _ K `~ i _vk Z cvi e? cöevmx A bk K eq ii ci eqi `~ i _vk Z `Lv hvq G e vcv i kixôav Z Kvb wb ` kbv Av Q wk? -Avãyj RveŸvi `kgvbj, Kvnv ivj, w`bvrcyi DËi : cvc _ K ndvhz Ges c~y wbivcëvi g a _vkvi k Z ^vgx- x Df q cvi úwik m wz Z `xn mgq `~ i _vkvq kixôav Z Kvb evav bb Z e cv ci mv _ Rwo q covi m vebv _vk j Aí w` bi Rb n ji `~ i _vkv ˆea bq Igi (ivt) wbr Kb v nvdqv K G wel q wr Ám K i m mg q gyrvwn` `i Rb m e v P Qq gvm evb i _vkvi e vcv i mgq wba viy K iwq jb (gyqvbœvd Avãyi ivhhvk nv/12594) cökœ (17/257) : cvävex wn `y `i cvlvk, kvu -c v U- KvU-UvB Bn~`x-L óvb `i, RyeŸv ev Zvc me`x `i RvZxq cvlvk G Y mybœvzx cvlvk e j wbw` ó Kvb cvlvk Av Q wk? -Avãyj v nj Kvdx QvU ebmövg, ivrkvnx DËi : mzi I jevm m ú K PviwU kvic g~jbxwz AbymiYxq : (1) cvlvk cwiav bi D Ïk n e `n K fvjfv e Ave Z Kiv hv Z ` ni Mvcbxq vb mg~n A b i Pv L cöku n q bv I V (gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/3524 ÔwK QvQÕ Aa vq- 16, Aby Q`-2) (2) wfz i-evb i ZvK Iqvkxj niqv GRb wxjvxvjv, f`ª I cwi Qbœ cvlvk cwiavb Kiv nv`x Q mv`v cvlvk cwiav bi wb ` k G m Q (AvÔivd 7/26; gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/5108 ÔwkóvPviÕ Aa vq-25, Ô µva I AnsKviÕ Aby Q`-20; wziwghx, wgkkvz nv/4350 Ô cvlvkõ Aa vq-22; Avngv`, bvmvc, wziwghx, wgkkvz nv/4337) (3) Agymwjg `i m` k bv niqv (Avngv`, Avey`vE`, wgkkvz nv/4347 Ô cvlvkõ Aa vq- 22) (4) AcPq I AnsKvi cökvk bv cviqv GRb cyi l hb mvbv I ikg cwiavb bv K i Ges UvLbyi bx P Kvco bv iv L (gyëvdvk ÔAvjvBn, eylvix, wgkkvz nv/4311-14, 4321; bvmvc, wgkkvz nv/4381) D³ g~jbxwz mg~ ni Av jv K gymjgvb `i cvlvk wba viy Ki Z n e D j L h, Agymwjg `i wecix Z wewfbœ ` k h wj Bmjvgx cvlvk wnmv e Pvjy Av Q, m wj mfv eb MY n e cökœ (18/258) : Djyj Avgi Kv K e j? Bmjvgx LjvdZ hw` Kv qg bv _v K, Z e kixôav Z Djyj Avgi- Gi wb ` k g b Pjvi weavb wk ZZw`b ch š wmz _vk e? GQvov Avgx ii AvbyMZ, RvgvÔAvZe Rxeb-hvcb BZ vw` welq wji e vcv i weavb wk n e? - ihiqvbyj Bmjvg Zv nicyi, ivrkvnx DËi : ÔDjyj AvgiÕ A_ kvmb I KZ Z i AwaKvix nv dh Beby KvQxi (int) e jb, ÔDjyj AvgiÕ h Kvb kvmk I Av jg n Z cv ib; hlb Zuviv Avj vn K gvbvi wb ` k `b Ges Zuvi Aeva Zvq wb la K ibõ (Zvdmxi Be b KvQxi, m~iv wbmv 59 Avqv Zi e vl v) Avj vgv bvmvdx (int) e jb, ÔDjyj AvgiÕ n jb ivóªbvqk wksev Av jgmy wkš Zuviv hw` m Z i we ivwazv K ib Zvn j Zuv `i K_v gvbv hv e bv KviY ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb, A_ vr Ôm wókz vi Aeva Zvq m wói cöwz Kvb AvbyMZ bbõ (Zvdmx i bvmvdx, 1/180 c t; wgkkvz nv/3696; Qnxûj Rv gô nv/7520) biqve wqïxk nvmvb Lvb f~cvjx (int) e jb, ZvK jx` cš xiv e j h, ÔDjyj AvgiÕ n jb Av jgmy A_P gydvmwmimy e j Qb, ÔDjyj AvgiÕ cö_gzt kvmkmy AZtci Av jgmy Gu `i Kv iv K_v MÖnY Kiv hv e bv hz Y bv Zuviv Avj vn&i ivm~ ji mybœvz Abyhvqx Pjvi wb ` k `b hw` GUv g b biqv nq h, wkqz Av jg GgbI Av Qb, hviv jvk `i K Zuv `i K_v webv `jx j g b wb Z e jb, Zvn j Zuviv jvk `i K Avj vn&i 52

Aeva Zvi w` K c_ `Lv eb GgZve vq Zv `i K_v MÖnY Kiv hv e bvõ (Zvdmx i iƒûj evqvb, 1/263-264 c t) Avj vn iveÿyj Avjvgxb cö Z K m wói gv SB mgvre Rxe bi mnrvz cöeyzv m wó K i w` q Qb Avi cweî KziAv b wzwb gymwjg D vn K nvejyj vn&i g~ j HK e _vkvi Rb wb ` k w` q Qb (Av j Bgivb 3/103) ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e jb, Ô Zvgv `i Dci RvgvÔAvZe _vkv dih Kiv nõj Ges wew Qbœ _vkv wbwl Kiv nõj Kbbv kqzvb GKK e w³i mv ½ _v K Ges m `yõrb _ K `~ i _v K AZGe Zvgv `i g a h e w³ Rvbœv Zi ga j _vk Z Pvq, m hb RvgvÔAvZe Rxeb K Acwinvh K i bqõ (wziwghx nv/2165) wzwb e jb, ÔRvgvÔAv Zi Dci Avj vn&i nvz _v KÕ (wziwghx nv/2166; wgkkvz nv/173) Bmjvgx bz Z M o DV e Kej weï AvK x`v I Avg ji wfwë Z hlv b hvm e w³ `i civg k i gva g bz Z wbe vpb n e, hfv e Lyjvdv q iv k`xb wbe vwpz n qwq jb (gymwjg nv/4818) Gfv e hym hym a i Avgx ii AvbyMZ Ae vnz i q Q Bmjvgx LjvdZ bv _vk ji Kvb hy M Avgx ii AvbyMZ wmz nqwb Ges wk qvgz ch š Zv wmz n e bv; hz Y ch š Avgxi KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x Qi Dci wb R AUj _vk eb Ges Zuvi Kg x `i mfv e wb ` k w` eb cökœ (19/259) : exh wk cweî? avqvi cii wkqz Ask j M _vk j D³ Kvc o QvjvZ n e wk? gvme`, gv `vb, wm½vcyi DËi : exh cweî R ô Zv ec ûgvg web nv iq GKw`b Av qkv (ivt)-gi gngvb nb GgZve vq mkv j wzwb Kvco ay Z _vk j Av qkv (ivt)-gi `vmx muv ` Lb Ges Zuv K muv AewnZ K ib ZLb Av qkv (ivt) ej jb, Zvi Rb GZUzKzB h _ó wqj h, m exh `L j KejgvÎ m vbwu ay q dj e Avi bv `Lv M j vbwu Z Kej cvwb wqwu q w` e Kbbv Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Kvco _ K ïk bv exh Nlv w` q Zz j d jwq Ges wzwb mb Kvc ob QvjvZ Av`vq K i QbÕ (Avey`vE` nv/371, gymwjg nv/288, Ôexh m úk xq weavbõ Aby Q`) ZvQvov ^cœ `v l bvcvk Ae vq cvwb bv c j Kej Zvqv y gi gva g QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv Rv qh (eylvix, gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/527-28) AZGe exh cweî Z e gqjv Qvd Kivi ^v _ Zv cwi vi Kiv Avek K (jvrbv `v qgv 5/381) cökœ (20/260) : Ô `k K fvjevmv Cgv bi A½Õ K_vwU wk nv`xq? Rvwb q evwaz Ki eb - Avãyj vn cuvpi wl gv`ivmv, bvivqymä, XvKv DËi : D³ g g ewy Z nv`xqwu Rvj (wmjwmjv hcdvn nv/36) GKwU ` k gywgb-kvwdi meai bi gvbyl emevm K i Avi wb Ri `k K mevb fvjev m ZvB e j wk Zv Z Kvb Kvwdi gywgb nõ Z cvi e? G wj Av `Š Kvb nv`xq bq; eis ev bvqvu e³e hv nv`x Qi bv g mgv R Pvjy Kiv n q Q cökœ (21/261) : `ycy i wekªvg biqvi e vcv i kixôav Z Kvb wb ` kbv Av Q wk? Avixdzj Bmjvg QvU ebmövg, ivrkvnx DËi : `ycy i wekªvg biqv DËg wewfbœ nv`x Q ivm~j (Qvt) I Qvnvev q Kivg KZ K Gi cögvy cviqv hvq (eylvix nv/2910, 941, Avey`vE` nv/2490) GQvov ivm~j (Qvt) e jb, Zvgiv `ycy i wekªvg bvi Kbbv kqzvb `ycy i wekªvg bq bvõ (Qnxnvn nv/1647; Qnxûj Rv gô nv/4431) cökœ (22/262) : n¾ eªz cvjbkv j AÁZve k wewfbœ bv g GKvwaK Igiv K iwq G Y D³ n¾ wk evwzj e j MY n e? -Bgi j nvmvbb KvbmvU, PuvcvB bevemä DËi : n¾ I Igivn `yõwu c _K Bev`Z n ¾i md i GKvwaK Igivn K i _vk j D³ Igivn Keyj n e bv wkš Gi Kvi Y Zvi n¾ Keyj n e bv GgbwU bq ZvQvov wzwb GwU AÁZv e k K i Qb D j L h, we`ôavzxi Kvb bk Avgj Keyj n e bvõ g g ewy Z nv`xq mg~ ni e vcv i weøvbmy Pvi cökvi e vl v cö`vb K i Qb (1) Ggb we`ôavz hv gymjgvb K Kv di evwb q `q Zvi mg AvgjB wbùj n e (2) we`ôavzxi H AvgjwUB Kej wbùj n e, hwu m K i Q (3) we`ôavzx Zvi bk Avg ji cöwz`vb cv e bv d j mwu hb Keyj nqwb (4) nv`xq wj we`ôav Zi wei agwk ^iƒc hb KD we`ôavz bv K iõ (kv Z ex, Avj-BÔwZQvg 1/108-112 c t) cökœ (23/263) : cöwz ivkôav Z m~iv dvwznv e ZxZ Ab m~iv bv co j D³ QvjvZ ï n e wk? b~i j Bmjvg mikvi cuvpwewe, RqcyinvU DËi : Kej m~iv dvwznv ZB QvjvZ ï n e Z e cö Z K Qvjv Zi cö_g `yb ivkôav Z m~iv dvwznvi mv _ Ab m~iv cvv Kiv mybœv Z gyiqv v`v ivm~j (Qvt) KL bv Zv cwiz vm K ibwb AZGe B QvK Zfv e KD Zv Z vm Ki e bv Z e fyjekzt cö_g `yb ivkôav Z m~iv dvwznvi c i Ab m~iv bv co ji QvjvZ n q hv e Ges Gi Rb Kvb m nv wmr`v w` Z n e bv (eylvix nv/772) 53

cökœ (24/264) : w wzkxj evrv i Kvb c Y i NvUwZi Kvi Y Kvb we µzv wø Y `v g cy weµq Ki j Zv ˆea n e wk? ejvj nvmvbb d Zncyi, gv `v, bimuv DËi : c Y i NvUwZi my hv M AwaK gybvdvi jv f K wîgfv e g~j e w Kiv wbwl ivm~j (Qvt) e jb, Ô h e w³ cözviyv K i m Avgvi D Zi Aš fy ³ bqõ (eylvix, gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/3520 ÔwK QvQÕ Aa vq) Z e hw` c Y i NvUwZi Kvi Y mvaviyfv e evrvi g~j e w cvq, m Ae vq g~j hz ekxb nvk bv Kb evrvi ` i weµq Kiv kixôavzm Z Avbvm (ivt) n Z ewy Z, jv Kiv ejj h, n Avj vni im~j! `vg e o M Q AZGe Avcwb g~j wba viy K i w`b ZLb im~j (Qvt) ej jb, Avj vnb g~j wba viykvix, wzwb ms KvPbKvix, wzwb AwaK `vbkvix Ges wzwbb wiwhk `vbkvix Avi Avwg Avj vni mv _ Ggb Ae vq wgwjz n Z PvB h, Zvgv `i KD hb Avgvi Kv Q i³ wksev m ú `i hyjy gi `vex`vi bv _v KÕ (wziwghx nv/1314; Beby gvrvn nv/2200; Avey`vE` nv/3451) cökœ (25/265) : wczv mš vb K `Lvïbv K iwb ev fiy- cvly `qwb G Y wczvi cöwz D³ mš v bi Kvb `vq-`vwqz Av Q wk? ivgvhvb Avjx, Lyjbv DËi : wczv mš v bi Kvb `Lvïbv ev fiy- cvly bv w` j Zvi Revew`wnZv Avj vni `iev i wzwbb Ki eb G Kvi Y mš vb Zvi `vwqz cvjb _ K weiz _vk e bv wczv cvc Ki j Gi Rb mš vb `vqx bq; Avevi mš vb cvc Ki j Zvi Rb wczv `vqx bb Avj vn ZvÔAvjv e jb, Ôhviv mrc_ Aej ^b Ki e Zviv Zv wb R `ib g½ ji Rb mrc_ Aej ^b Ki e Ges hviv c_åó n e Zviv wb R `i aÿs mi Rb B c_åó n e Avi KD Ab Kvi (cv ci) evsv enb Ki e bvõ (ebx BmivCj 17/15) GQvov ivm~j (Qvt) e jb, wczv nõ jb mš v bi Rb Rvbœv Zi ga g `irv ^iƒc h Pvq m D³ `irvi ndvhz Ki e Avi h Pvq Zv webó Ki eõ (wziwghx nv/1900; Beby gvrvn nv/3663) AZGe wczv-gvzv mš v bi fiy- cvl Yi `vwqz cvjb bv Ki ji mš vb Zvi wczvgvzvi mv _ m`vpiy Ki e Ges Zvi `Lvïbv Ki e cökœ (26/266) : ÔAÜ e w³ ^xq AÜ Z i Dci Qei Ki j Rvbœv Z cö ek Ki eõ Gi mz Zv Rvwb q evwaz Ki eb -Avãyj vn dzqv` Mv`vMvox, ivrkvnx DËi : cö kœ D j wlz e³e wu mwvk AÜ e w³ hw` ci nhmvi nq Ges AÜZ K Avj vn&i `Iqv g b K i ah Ki j Avj vn Zv K Qe ii wewbg q RvbœvZ `vb Ki eb Avbvm (ivt) e jb, ÔAvwg ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)- K ej Z ï bwq, ÔAvj vn ZvÔAvjv e jb, Avwg hlb Avgvi Kvb ev `vi `yõwu wcöq e K wec`mö Kwi, Avi m Zv Z Qei K i, Avwg Zv K Gi wewbg q RvbœvZ `vb Kie wcöq e Øq nõj Zvi P zøqõ (eylvix nv/5653, wgkkvz nv/1549) cökœ (27/267) : Rvbvhvi Qvjv Z GKw` K ev Dfq w` K mvjvg wdiv bvi e vcv i kixôav Zi weavb wk? -hn~i j Bmjvg, e ov DËi : Ab vb Qvjv Zi b vq Rvbvhvi Qvjv ZI Dfq w` K mvjvg wdiv Z nq Avãyj vn& Beby gvmôe` (ivt) e jb, jv Kiv wzbwu KvR Q o w` q Q, h jv ivm~j (Qvt) Ki Zb Zvi GKwU nõj, Rvbvhvi Qvjv Zi mvjvg Ab vb Qvjv Zi b vq niqv (evqnvk x Kzeiv nv/7239, mb` nvmvb, Avjevbx, AvnKvgyj Rvbv qh, gvmavjv bs 84) Z e ïay Wvb w` KI mvjvg wdiv bv hvq (`vivkzrbx nv/1839 I 1864; mb` nvmvb, AvnKvgyj Rvbv qh, gvmavjv bs 85) cökœ (28/268) : Avgv `i MÖv g A b KB ïµev i wqqvg iv Lb G e vcv i kixôav Zi wb ` kbv wk? -AvKivg Avjx KvjxMÄ, `exmä, câmo DËi : wbw` ófv e Kej RygÔAvi w`b wqqvg cvjb Kiv hv e bv Zvi Av M ev c i GKw`b hvm K i wqqvg ivl Z n e Avey ûivqiv (ivt) e jb, ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) e j Qb, Zvgv `i KD hb Kej RygÔAvi w`b wbw` ó K i wqqvg cvjb bv K i Zvi GKw`b Av M ev c i wqqvg ivlv e ZxZ (gyëvdvk AvjvBn, wgkkvz nv/2051 Ôbdj wqqvgõ Aby Q`) Z e H w`b K vhv ev Ab Kvb wqqvg ivl j mwu ^Zš (gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/2052) cökœ (29/269) : AvZ nz vkvix e w³i Rb `vôav, `vb- Qv`vK v ev Zvi c _ K Igiv BZ vw` Kiv hv e wk? -Kvgvj wgquv wiqv`, me`x Avie DËi : Kiv hv e AvZ nz v Kiv RNb Aciva nõ ji Gi Kvi Y m Kv di n q hvq bv, eis gymjgvbb _v K Avi h Kvb gymjgv bi Rb `vb-lqivz I `vôav Kiv hvq Rv ei (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z, ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) hlb g`xbvq wnriz K ib, ZLb Zzdv qj web Avg ii m ½ Ab Av ikrb jvki wnriz K i g`xbvi AvenvIqv AbyK j bv niqvq Amn n q jvkwu ^xq nv Zi Av½yjmg~ ni wmiv K U d j d j AwaK i³ i Y m g Zz eiy K i Zvici Zzdv qj web Avgi GKw`b ^cœ hv M jvkwu K Lye fvj Ae vq ` Lb wkš Zvi nvz `yõlvbv wqj Ave Z wzwb Zv K wr Ám Ki jb, Zvgvi nvz `yõwu Ave Z Kb? Rev e m ejj, g`xbvq wnriz Kivi Kvi Y gnvb Avj vn nvz `yõwu Qvov Avgvi mewkqzb gv K i w` q Qb AZtci Zydv qj ^ cœi NUbv bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi Kv Q ej j wzwb Avj vn&i 54

wbku `vôav K ib d j Zvi nvz `yõwui fvj n q hvq (gymwjg nv/116; ÔAvZ nz vkvix Kv di bv niqvõ Aby Q`; wgkkvz nv/3456) D j L, Avey ûivqiv (ivt) nõ Z ewy Z Ab nv`x Q G m Q Ô KD AvZ nz v Ki j m wpi vqxfv e Rvnvbœv g kvw fvm Ki eõ (gymwjg nv/109) Qnxn gymwj gi fvl Kvi Bgvg beex (int) D³ nv`x Qi e vl vq e jb, GLv b Gi gg nõj mỳ xn Kvj I AwaKKvj, wpi vqx bq (gymwjg kin beex 2/125, nv/113- Gi e vl v `ªt) A_ vr `xn Kvj m Rvnvbœv g kvw fvm Ki e Ges c i Rvbœv Z hv e Avi wpi vqx kvw H e w³i Rb cª hvr, h AvZ nz v K nvjvj e j wek vm K i Giƒc wek vm Kivi Kvi Y m Kv di n q hv e Avi Kv di wbtm ` n wpi vqx Rvnvbœvgx AZGe Dfq nv`x Qi g a Kvb we iva bb cökœ (30/270) : PvKzixi Rb eq ii AwaKvsk mgq Rvnv h Ae vb Ki Z nq Gfv e mviv eqi K Qi QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv kixôavzm Z n e wk? -Avãyj nvkxg Mvg vcyi, PvcvB bevemä DËi : G Z kixôav Z Kvb evav bb Avãyj vn Be b Igi (ivt) AvhvievBRvb md i M j cy iv ei di gšmyg mlv b AvU K hvb I Qq gvm hver K Qi K ib (evqnvk x 3/152 c t; BiIqv nv/577 mb` Qnxn) Abyiƒcfv e nhiz Avbvm (ivt) kvg ev wmwiqv md i wm q `yõeqi mlv b _v Kb I K Qi K ib (wdk ûm mybœvn 1/213-14 c t; wgik vz 3/211 c t) myzivs vqx gymvwdi hgb Rvnvh, wegvb, Uªb, evm BZ vw`i PvjK I Kg PvixMY mdi Ae vq me `v Qvjv Z K Qi Ki Z cv ib (QvjvZzi ivm~j (Qvt) 187 c t) cökœ (31/271) : gmwr` Dbœq bi Rb cö`ë Rwg Z C`Mvn I gv`ivmvi gvv ˆZix Kiv kixôavzm Z n e wk? -Avãyj jzxd ayibj, gvnbcyi, ivrkvnx DËi : gmwr `i cö qvrb bv _vk j gmwr` KwgwUi m wz Z D³ Rwg Z C`Mvn A_ev gv`ivmvi gvv Kiv Z kixôav Z Kvb evav bb (wdk ûm mybœvn ÔIqvKdÕ Aa vq 3/312) cökœ (32/272) : Qvjv Zi cöwz ivkôav ZB wk m~iv dvwznv I Ab m~ivi c~ e wemwgj vn ej Z n e bv Kej 1g ivkôav Z ej jb Pj e? -Avjx, dix`vev`, XvKv DËi : Qvjv Zi 1g ivkôav Zi ïi Z ÔAvEhywej vnõ I Ôwemwgj vnõ AZtci cöwz ivkôav Z m~iv dvwznv I Ab m~ivi c~ e wemwgj vn cvv Kiv mybœvz ivm~j (Qvt) h Kvb m~iv ZjvIqv Zi c~ e wemwgj vn cvv Ki Zb (gymwjg nv/400) GQvov wemwgj vn m~iv mg~ ni gv S cv_ K wb ` kkvix GKwU AvqvZ (Avey`vE` nv/788, wgkkvz nv/2218) cökœ (33/273) : cvi úwik mv v Z wk wk KiYxq I wk wk er bxq? AveyeKi, PuvPov, h kvi DËi : cvi úwik mv v Z mvjvg Kiv mybœvz (Avey`vE` nv/5200, wgkkvz nv/4650) Avi mvjv gi ci gyqvdvnv Ki Z n e GK`v Avbvm (ivt) ivm~j (Qvt)- K wr Ám Ki jb, n Avj vn&i ivm~j! Avgv `i KD hlb Zvi eüzi mv _ mv vr Ki e ZLb m wk Zvi Rb gv_v SzuKv e? wzwb ej jb, bv Avbvm (ivt) ej jb, Z e wk Zv K Rwo q ai e ev KvjvKzwj Ki e ev Pzgy Lv e? wzwb ej jb, bv eis Zvi mv _ gyqvdvnv Ki e (wziwghx nv/2728, Beby gvrvn nv/3702, wgkkvz nv/4680; Qnxnvn nv/160) ivm~j (Qvt) e jb, hlb Kvb gymwjg Zvi Aci gymwjg fvb qi mv _ mv vr K i AZtci Zvi nvz a i Kig` b K i, ZLb Df qi bvn mg~n (QMxiv) Av½y ji duvk w` q Ggbfv e S i c o hvq, hgb kxzkv j Mv Qi cvzv mg~n S i hvq nhiz Avbvm (ivt) e jb, QvnvexMY mv vz nõ j ci ú i gyqvdvnv Ki Zb Ges mdi _ K wd i Avm j KvjvKzwj Ki Zb (Z vevivbx AvImvZ nv/97, wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/2647) Z e h, `ybr bi Pvi nvz wgjv bv I ey K nvz jvmv bvi cöpwjz cö_v mybœvz we ivax Avgj (Beby gvrvn nv/3702; wziwghx nv/2728; wgkkvz nv/4680) GQvov nv Z ev Kcv j Pzgy LvIqv, cv q nvz w` q K`geywm Kiv m ú K ewy Z nv`xq ÔhCdÕ (wziwghx nv/2733; Beby gvrvn nv/3704-05; Avj-Av`veyj gydiv` nv/975-76, Avjevbx mb` hcd) cökœ (34/274) : R bk Av jg e jb, Avn jnv`xq n Z n j GK j nv`x Qi nv dh n Z n e G K_vi mz Zv Av Q wk? my e`vi Avãym mvëvi bexbmi, mvfvi DËi : K_vwU wfwënxb Avn jnv`xq niqvi Rb nv`xq gyl Kiv kz bq, eis mvwe K Rxe b cweî KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x Qi h_vh_ AbymiY Kiv Avek K cökœ (35/275) : Rvbvhv kl niqvi ci gvb q Zi Rb gmwr ` mw wjzfv e nvz bv Zz j `vôav Kivq kvic Kvb evav Av Q wk? -AvZvDi ingvb, ev `vblvov, bimuv DËi : gvb q Zi Rb Rvbvhvi QvjvZ e ZxZ Ab Kvb mw wjz `vôavi Abyôvb bb AZGe Rvbvhvi c i cybivq gmwr ` ev evb i Zvi Rb mw wjzfv e `vôav Kiv we`ôavz ivm~j (Qvt) Kvb gvb qz K Kei Kivi ci Qvnvev q Kivg K ej Zb, Ô Zvgiv Zvgv `i fvb qi Rb gv cöv_ bv Ki Ges Zvi ` p _vkvi Rb Avj vn&i wbku `vôav Ki Kbbv mz i m wrávwmz n eõ (Avey`vD` nv/3221, wgkkvz nv/133) AZGe `vdb Kvh k l cö Z K ej e, Ô n Avj vn! Zzwg Zv K gv Ki Ges Zv K (Reve `v b) ` p ivlõ Z e gmwr `i Bgvg Qv ne g Zz msev` Rvwb q gyqj x `i wbk U gvb q Zi Rb `vôav PvB Z cv ib (eylvix nv/1327) hv cö Z K c _K fv e Ki eb 55

ÖÖ gvwmk AvZ-ZvnixK g 2014 17Zg el 8g msl v cökœ (36/276) : gq`v bi wrnv` QvU I cöe wëi wei wrnv` eo D³ e³ e i Kvb mz Zv Av Q wk? -Avãyj nvgx`, jvjgwyinvu DËi : Gg g ewy Z nv`xqwu gybkvi I hcd ey bvwu nõj- ivm~j (Qvt) GK`v GKwU hy _ K wd i G m Qvnvev q Kivg K ej jb, Avgiv QvU wrnv` _ K eo wrnv `i w` K wd i Avmjvg AZtci Zv K wrávmv Kiv nj eo wrnv` wk? wzwb ej jb, ^xq cöe wëi wei wrnv` Kiv (evqnvk x, wmjwmjv hcdvn nv/2460) wbtm ` n bd mi wei wrnv` AZxe Kómva Ges m`v-me `v gywgb K G wrnv ` wjß _vk Z nq ivm~j (Qvt) e jb, m e vëg wrnv` nõj ^xq cöe wëi wei wrnv` Kiv (Qnxûj Rv gô nv/1099) wzwb e jb, DËg wrnv` nõj, h Avj vni Rb ^xq cöe wëi wei wrnv` K i (Z vevivyx, Qnxnvn nv/1491) Z e Zv KL bvb Kv di `i wei wrnv `i mv _ Zzjbxq bq Kbbv gq`v bi gyrvwn` wbnz nõ j Avj vn&i wbk U Ôknx`Õ wnmv e MY nb wkš cöe wëi wei wrnv`kvix e w³ gviv M j knx` wnmv e MY nb bv cökœ (37/277) : x Av`vj Zi gva g ^vgx K ZvjvK w` q Q wkš ^vgx x K Qvo Z ivhx bq G Y D³ xi Rb KiYxq wk? - KivgZ Avjx, `ycpuvwpqv, e ov DËi : x ^vgx K Ô LvjvÕ K i _vk j ^vgx K Zv Z evav `Iqvi gzv bb x K wzmö Kivi KzgZje _vk j Kvbiƒc gv ji wewbgq QvovB Av`vjZ Df qi g a weevn we Q` NUv Z cv i QvweZ web K v qm-gi x K Ô LvjvÕ-i gva g ivm~jyj vn (Qvt) wew Qbœ K i w` q wq jb Lvjv-i BÏZ gvî GK FZz (eylvix nv/5273; bvmvc nv/3510; wgkkvz nv/3274; `ª: ÔZvjvK I ZvnjxjÕ eb c t 15) cökœ (38/278) : gvijvbv AvKig Luv I ˆmq` Avngv` ivm~jyj vn (Qvt)-Gi mxbv PvK ev e we`viy welqwu K A hšw³k e j AvL vwqz K i Qb Gi mz Zv Av Q wk? -Avãyi ingvb, eskvj, XvKv DËi : GwU Zuv `i hyw³ gvî hlv b welqwu Qnxn nv`xq Øviv cögvwyz, mlv b hyw³i Kvb vb bb ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi e we`vi Yi NUbv `yõevi N UwQj (1) `ya gv nvjxgvi wbk U 4 ev 5 eqi eq m (gymwjg nv/162, Avbvm (ivt) nõ Z; wgkkvz nv/5852) (2) wnri Zi c~ e giv R MgbKv j (eylvix, gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/5864) GQvov Avbvm (ivt) wb R Zuvi ey K mjvb qi wpý ` L Qb (gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/5852) cökœ (39/279) : cvkv Pzj-`vwo DwV q djvq kixôav Z Kvb evav Av Q wk? -Avãyj jzxd, nvwjkni, PÆMÖvg DËi : cvkv Pzj I `vwo DVv bv hv e bv ivm~j (Qvt) e j Qb, Ô Zvgiv cvkv Pzj Zz j d jv bv Kbbv cvkv Pzj nõj gymjgv bi R vwz Kvb gymjgv bi GKwU Pyj c K M j Avj vn Zvi Rb GKwU bkx wj Lb, GKwU gh v`v e w K ib Ges Zvi GKwU cvc gvpb K ibõ (bvmvc, wgkkvz nv/4458 Ômb` nvmvbõ) Ab ey bvq Av Q, ÔcvKv Pzj gymjgvb `i Rb wk qvg Zi w`b b~i n eõ (wziwghx nv/1635, wgkkvz nv/4459 Ô cvlvkõ Aa vq ÔPzj AvuPov bvõ Aby Q`) myzivs G wj Dcov bvi Kvb my hvm bb cökœ (40/280) : e vs Ki m~` MÖnY bv Ki j KZ c Zv fvm K i G Y m~` wb R MÖnY bv K i MixewgmKxb `i gv S weziy Ki j kixôav Z GUv Rv qh n e wk? - m Uz Bmjvg `v oicvov, Kzwóqv DËi : G wj RbKj vyg~jk Kv R e q I Mixe wgmkxb `i gv S weziy Kiv hvq hw`i G Z cikv j Kvb bkx cviqvi Avkv Kiv hv e bv Kbbv Avj vn cvk nvivg gv ji Qv`vK v Keyj K ib bv (gymwjg, wgkkvz nv/301; Avngv`, wgkkvz nv/2771) (wet`ªt dvzviqv jvrbv `v qgv driqv bs- 20135) ` wó AvKl Y hviv ÔAvn jnv`xq Av `vjbõ-gi cöpvi I cömvi Kvgbv K ib, Zviv ÔAv `vjbõ-gi K `ªxq evqzzj gvj dv Ê gy³n A_ cöiy Ki b hlvb _ K wewfbœ Lv Z e q Kiv n q _v K mvaviy m úv`k Avn jnv`xq Av `vjb evsjv `k hvmv hvm : 01711-578057; 01715-002380 Ônv`xQ dvd Êkb evsjv `kõ KZ K m` cö ÖKvwkZ wwwfww m` cökvwkz wwwfww nv`xq dvd Êkb evsjv `k bi`vcvov, ivrkvnx dvb : (0721) 861365, 01770-800900, 01915-012307 56