cöeü gvwmk wbqwgzkiy mev ev GgAvi I Mf cv Zi msl v wbiƒcy : evsjv `k 2010

cöeü gvwmk wbqwgzkiy mev ev GgAvi I Mf cv Zi msl v wbiƒcy : evsjv `k 2010 mykxjv wms, AvjZvd nv mb, AvBR vk g v Wv wr gu, n`v qz Djøvn f ubqv, gvb Kj føvmd I iæwebv nvmvbb mykxjv wms, fvbm cöwm W U wimvp, AvBR vk g v Wv wr gu, wimvp A vwmmu v U, gvb Kj føvmd, wmwbqi wimvp A v mvwm qu, Ges iæwebv nvmvbb, wimvp A v mvwm qu Giv mevb wbd BqK Ug vkvi BwÝwUwUD U Kg iz AvjZvd nv mb, cwipvjk Ges n`v qz Djøvn f ubqv, cöwkÿy mgš^qkvix, A v mvwm qkb di wcö fbkb Ae mc&wuk A veikb, evsjv `k (evc&mv), XvKv cöm½ : evsjv ` k Mf cvz AvBbMZfv e wbwl niqv m Ë I mikvi KZ K gvwmk wbqwgzkiy mev K cwievi cwikíbv mevi m ½ m ú ³ Kiv GKwU Abb ms hvrb wn m e we ewpz evsjv ` k ez gv b GgAvi Ges Mf cvz msµvší h Z_ I DcvË e eüz n Q Zv 1995 mv ji Rwi ci Z_ GgAvi Ges cörbb ^v m úwk Z mevi cwikíbv I gvbm Z mev mnrjf Kivi j bxwz-wba vik `i G wel q nvjbvmv` Z _ i cö qvrbxqzv i q Q c wz : G Rwi ci AvIZvq RvZxqfv e cöwzwbwaz K i Ggb 670wU ^v mev K `ªÑ h jv GgAvi Ges Mf cvz-ciez x mev cö`vb K i m jv _ K Z_ msmön Kiv n q Q GQvov 151 Rb we klá ckvrxexi KvQ _ K Z_ msmön Kiv n q Q G Rwic cwipvjbv Kiv nq 2010 mv j hme emikvwi ms v GgAvi Ges Mf cvz-ciez x mev cö`vb K i m jvi mev cö`v bi msl v msmön K i mskwjz Kiv n q Q GgAvi Ges Mf cv Zi msl v I nvi wbiƒc Yi Rb c iv cöv jb c wz e envi Kiv n q Q dj : 2010 mv j evsjv ` k ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi msl v cöv jb Kiv n q Q 6 jvl 47 nvrvi Ges ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi Rb 2 jvl 31 nvrvi 400 gwnjv K wpwkrmv cö`vb Kiv n q Q GQvov `ke vcx ^v mev K `ª jv Z cöv wjz 6 jvl 53 nvrvi bvix K GgAvi mev cö`vb Kiv n q Q m hvb nvk, cöv wjz Z_ _ K `Lv hvq, hme gwnjv ^v mev K `ª GgAvi mev MÖn Yi Rb G m Qb Zv `i 26 kzvsk gwnjv K mev bv w` q diz cvvv bv n q Q Ab w` K hviv GgAvi mev MÖnY K i Qb Zv `i 10 R bi g a cövq GKRb GgAvi mev-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv wb q Qb `Lv hv Q h, cöwz eqi evsjv ` ki 15 _ K 44 eqi eqmx gwnjv `i cöwz GK nvrv i 18 `kwgk 2 Rb Mf cvz Kwi q Qb Ges GKB eqmx gwnjv `i cöwz GK nvrv i 18 `kwgk 3 Rb GgAvi mev MÖnY K i Qb Dcmsnvi : M elyvjä dj _ K `Lv hv Q, ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz Ges GgAvi mev MÖnYKvixi msl v GKB G Z cözxqgvb h, GgAvi mev cö`v bi ÿ Î GLb ch ší D jøl hvm cwigvy Am šívlrbk Pvwn`v (Unsatisfied demand) we` gvb GQvov GgAvi-cieZ x AwZwi³ RwUjZvi nvi wk wbk ch v q mevi YMZ gvb Dbœq bi cö qvrbxqzvb wb ` k K i Rb wb ivak c wz Ges GgAvi mevi ÿ Î mnrjf Zv I ewa Z cö ekvwakvi (Access) AcwiKwíZ Mf aviy I Mf cv Zi nvi n«v m mnvqk f wgkv ivl e A bk Dbœqbkxj ` kb Mf cvz AvBbMZfv e wbwl evsjv ` k Mf cvz AvBbMZfv e wbwl n ji gvwmk wbqwgzkiy ev GgAvi mev mikvwifv e cwievi cwikíbv Kvh µ gi GK Abb ms hvrb wn m e Aby gvw`z n q Q GgAvi ev gvwmk wbqwgzkiy cöwµqv mvaviyz kl gvwm Ki cö_g w`b _ K ïiæ K i 10 mßv ni g a Mf mâv ii cixÿv QvovB GgwfG wmwiä e envi K i Kiv nq * g b Kiv nq, GgAvi Kvh µg gwnjv `i ^v myiÿvi ÿ Î D jøl hvm Ae`vb ivl Q 1 GgwfG wmwiä hv wek ^v ms v KZ K Aby gvw`z Ges mycvwikk Z 2.3 hw` cöwkÿycövß Kg x K w` q ^v Ki cwi e k GgAvi m úv`b Kiv nq Zvn j Gi RwUjZv Lye Kg nv i NU e 4-6 Zv m Ë I evsjv ` k GLb ch ší Awbivc` Mf cv Zi g Zv NUbv D jøl hvm msl vq NU Q 1995 mv ji Rwi c (c iv cöv wjz wnmve) 7 15 _ K 44 eqi eqmx gwnjv `i g a cöwz GK nvrv i GgAvi Ges Mf cv Zi mw wjz nvi wqj 28 Rb IB GK eq i `w Y I ga Gwkqvi `k jv ZI GKB nvi `Lv M Q 8 1990 mv ji gvsvgvws g Wj ebrw G cövp c wzi *cwievi Kj vy cwi`wk Kv Ges cöwkÿycövß c viv gwwkiv kl gvwm Ki cö_g w`b _ K 8 mßv ni g a GgAvi Ki Z cv ib Ges wpwkrmkiv Zv Ki Z cv ib 10 mßvn ch ší AvÂwjK G wnmv ei ÿ Î GgAvi Ges AvBwb I AvBbewnf ZÑ Dfq ai bi Mf cvzb aiv n q Q

Ici wfwë K i cwipvwjz Ab GKwU mgx vq evsjv ` k GgAvi Ges Mf cv Zi mw wjz nvi wqj cöwz GK nvrv i 26 _ K 30 R bi g a 9 1995 mv ji M elyv Ges we køl Yi ci GgAvi Ges Mf cv Zi msl v wby qi Rb Ab Kv bv M elyv cwipvwjz nqwb 7 ZeyI MZ 15 eq i evsjv ` k D jøl hvm cwiez b mvwaz n q Q Zv GgAvi mev cövwß K (Access) cöfvwez K i Q Ges gwnjv A_ev ` úwz `i GgAvi ev Mf cvz mev MÖn Y DØy K i Q 2011 mv j G mi `Lv hv Q, Rb wb ivak c wzi Ac~Y Pvwn`v 12 kzvsk GL bv A bk hw`i 2007 mv ji 17 kzvsk _ K G nvi A bk K g Gm Q 10,11 ZeyI Rb wb ivak c wzi e envi ga -beÿb qi `kk _ K 2011 ch ší LyeB axi MwZ Z e w c q Q 15-49 eqi eqmx gwnjvi g a hviv h Kv bv Rb wb ivak c wz e envi K i Qb Zv `i msl v 49 kzvsk _ K e o 61 kzvs k DbœxZ n q Q A_ vr evwl K Mo e w N U Q gvî k~b `kwgk 8 kzvsk AwaKvsk evsjv `wk ` úwz AvaywbK Rb wb ivak c wz e envi K i Qb Ges 2011 mv ji Zv Ae vnz i L Qb (52 kzvsk weevwnz gwnjv AvaywbK Rb wb ivak c wz e envi Ki Qb) Gi g a AwaKvskB Lvevi ewo, Bb RKkb A_ev KbWg e envi Ki Qb (44%) Lye Kg msl K ` úwzb hme c wzi e _ Zvi nvi Lye Kg Zv e envi K ib hgbñ eü vkiy (gwnjv Ges cyiæl) AvBBDwW Ges Bgcøv U (8%) 11 G Z úófv eb evsv hvq, Rb wb ivak c wzi Ac~Y Pvwn`v, mbvzb c wzi e envi (2011 mv j 9%), ^í gqvw` c wz Ges cwiez bxq Rb wb ivak c wzñ h jvi i q Q e _ Zvi D P SzuwK m jvi e envi Ges Rb wb ivak c wzi e envi Q o `qv GmeB g~jz AbvKvw ÿz Mf avi Yi Rb LyeB iæz c~y Dcv`vb wn m e KvR K i gvz g Zz n«v mi Î D jøl hvm AMÖMwZ mvwaz n q Q gvz g Zz i AvbycvwZK nvi cöv wjz wnmve g Z, 1990 mv j cöwz jv L (100 nvrv i) 871 Rb, 2008 mv j Zv cöwz jv L 337 R b n«vm c q Q m cöwz evsjv `k mikvi KZ K cwipvwjz gvz g Zz m úwk Z `ywu RwicB 12 gvz g Zz i G D jøl hvm n«vmcövwß Ae vnz i q Q e j wbwðz K i Q 13,14 2010 mv ji gvz g Zz m úwk Z RvZxq Rwi ci cövß Z_ _ K `Lv hvq, Mf cvzrwbz RwUjZvi Kvi Y gvu gvz g Zz i GK kzvsk NU Q 13 evsjv ` k gzje Dc Rjvq cwipvwjz GK Rwi c `Lv M Q, Mf cvzrwbz RwUjZvi Kvi Y gvz g Zz i msl v 1976 _ K 2005 mv ji g a e vckfv e n«vm c q Q G n«v mi cq b cwievi cwikíbv I Riæwi cöm~wz mev Kvh µ g wewb qv Mi Kvi bb, gvz g Zz D jøl hvm cwigv Y n«vm c q Q e j g b Kiv n Q 15 ez gvb M elyv _ K cövß GgAvi Ges Mf cvz m úwk Z bzzb cöv wjz Z_ M elk `i gvz g Zz n«v m GgAvi-Gi f wgkv m ú K ciezx Z Av iv AbymÜvb cwipvjbvq mnvqzv Ki e 1995 mv ji ci _ K GgAvi mevi gvb n«vm c q Q, bv GKB Ae v b i q Q A_ev DbœZ n q Q wksev G mev jvi f wgkv (&Av cw Kfv e Mf cvz mevi Î) mviwy 1. evsjv `k nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f 2010-Gi m± ii aib Abyhvqx bgybvfy³ d vwmwjwui ey bvñ m±i Ges d vwmwjwui aib mviv ` k d vwmwjwui msl v bgybvfz³ Rjv jvi d vwmwjwu msl v bgybvfz³ Rjv jv _ K M nxz bgybvsk (%) wbe vwpz d vwmwjwui msl v mvÿvrkvi M nxz n q Q Ggb d vwmwjwui msl v gvu 5,301 1,945 37 729 670 92 mikvwi d vwmwjwu mikvwi gww Kj K jr nvmcvzvj 19 19* 100 19 15 79 cövb fu gww Kj K jr nvmcvzvj 42 42* 100 42 39 93 Rjv nvmcvzvj 60 15 100 15 15 100 Dc Rjv ^v Kg cø 421 98 100 98 97 99 gv I wkï Kj vy K `ª 100 28 100 28 26 93 BDwbqb ^v I cwievi Kj vy K `ª 3,127 1,131 24 273 246 90 cövb fu m±i wk wbk QvU (0-19 kh v) 1,235 419 33 138 134 97 ga g (20-49 kh v) 228 132 55 72 59 82 eo (50 ev Zvi AwaK kh v) 69 61 72 44 39 89 DËi`v bi nvi (%) * ` ki me mikvwi I emikvwi gww Kj K jr nvmcvzvj wbe vpb Kiv n q Q mikvwi nvmcvzv ji m ½ cövb fu gww Kj K jr jv GKB MÖæ c djv n q Q Kbbv G jvi aib mikvwi gww Kj K jr I nvmcvzvj jvi g ZvB 2

3 cwiewz Z n q Q Zv Rvbv LyeB Riæwi 2002 mv j cwipvwjz ÔGKwU iæz c~y Ae vi we kølyõ (A Situation Analysis) mgx vq GgAvi mev c Z gwnjviv hme evavi m ylxb nb Zv n jv mev K `ªi `~iz, Awdm wbqgewnf Z wd avh, MvcbxqZvi Afve, mev cö`vbkvix `i AMÖnY hvm AvPiY, h_vh_ RxevYygy³ Kiv c wz, cö UvKj ev mev cö`v bi wbqg-bxwz bv gvbv 16 Ab GKwU M elyvq MÖvgxY GjvKvq emevmiz gwnjv `i GgAvi mev cviqvi ÿ Î Kg mnrjf Zvi welqwu we klfv e D jøl Kiv n q Q 17 Dciš h _ó msl K GgAvi mev cö`vbkvix `i cöwk Y w` Z bv cviv Ges hme mev cö`vbkvix Aem i wm q Qb Zv `i k~b c` jv c~iy bv Ki Z cvivq m ez GgAvi mevi mnrjf Zv (Access) n«vm c q Q 2011 mv j cwipvwjz GKwU YMZ M elyvq (Qualitative Study) GgAvi mev cövwßi h evav jv `Lv bv n q Q Zv GL bv we` gvb Ges G Rb B `wi`ª gwnjviv eva n qb AcÖvwZôvwbK mev cö`vbkvix `i Kv Q Mf cvzmn ^v mev wb Z hvb 18 YMZgvb m úbœ GgAvi mevi mnrjf Zv n«v mi cöeyzvi welqwu LyeB D Ø Mi G Rb h, MZ `kk jv Z evsjv `k cörbb ^v mevq h AMÖMwZ mvab K i Q Zv hb wei bv n q hvq A_ev ÿwzmö Í bv nq ZvB GgAvi Ges wbivc` I Awbivc` Mf cvz m úwk Z bzzb Z_ msmö ni GwUB cöavb KviY G M elyvi gva g evsjv ` k 2010 mv j K Zv GgAvi Ges Mf cvz m úvw`z n q Q m msl v I wefvmiqvwi G msl v wbiƒc Yi cöqvm bqv n q Q Avgv `i G M elyvq 1995 Ges 2010 mv ji g a h cv_ K cviqv M Q mme mxgve Zv Z_ -Dcv Ëi we køl Yi mgq wn m e wb qwq G mg qi g a N U hviqv wekvj RbwgwZK cwiez bmn Rb wb ivak c wzi e envi Ges Rb wb ivak c wzi Ac~Y Pvwn`vI we køl Yi AšÍfz ³ Kiv n q Q c wz Z _ i Drm G M elyv 2010 mv j evsjv ` ki 6wU wefv Mi cöv wjz GgAvi Ges Mf cv Zi msl v cö`vb K i Q 1995 _ K 2010 mv ji g a e e vcbvq hme cwiez b G m Q, Zzjbvg~jK Z_ jvi mxgve Zvi K_v we epbvq i L Avgiv Zv Av jvpbv K iwq Avgiv e nr AvKv ii RbwgwZK cwiez bmn Rš wb ivak c wzi e envi Ges Rš wb ivak c wzi Ac~Y Pvwn`vi K_vI ch v jvpbv K iwq G M elyv g~jz wzb cökvi Z _ i wfwë Z we køly Kiv n q QÑ K. evsjv ` ki mikvwi- emikvwi ^v mev K `ªÑ h jv _ K Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv Ges GgAvi mev cö`vb Kiv nq m jv Rwi ci AšÍfz ³ Kiv n q Q (ˆ`e Pq bi gva g Ges D Ïk g~jkfv e wbe vpb Kiv n q Q), L. G wel q ^v mevq wb qvwrz ckvrxex `i KvQ _ K Z_ msmön Ges M. hme emikvwi ms v (GbwRI) GgAvi I Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv cö`vb K i m jvi mev m úwk Z Z_ msmön Kiv n q Q ez gvb `ywu Rwi ci M elyv Kg wui cwikíbv Ges cö UvKj (d vwmwjwu mv f Ges nj_ cö dkbvj mv f ) MZ M elyvk g i Ici wfwë K ib Kiv n q Q c~ e cwipvwjz Rwi c Mf cvz msµvší msl v wby qi Rb h c wz Aej ^b Kiv n qwqj Zv G Rwi ci Kiv n q Q (Mf cvz msµvší msl v wby qi Rb Abortion Incidence Complication Methodology ev AICM 19 c wz e envi Kiv n q Q) G c wzwu evsjv ` ki Ae vi m ½ mvgäm c~y K i e envi Kiv n q Q G M elyvk g e eüz cökœgvjv 2010 mv ji GwcÖ j cövk-hvpvb (Pre-test) Kiv n q Q g _ K b f ^i 2010 ch ší M elyvi Z_ msmön Kiv n q Q Ab hme Drm _ K Z_ bqv n q Q Zv n jv W gvmövwdk Ges nj_ mv f (wwgbpgm) Z_ 1996-1997 20, 1999-2000 21, 2004 22, 2007 10 Ges 2011 mv ji Rwi ci cöv_wgk dj e envi Kiv n q Q 11 G Rwic _ K Rb wb ivak c wzi e envi, Kvw ÿz mšívb msl v Ges Rb wb ivak c wzi Ac~Y Pvwn`v m úwk Z Z_ bqv n q Q 2010 mv j evsjv ` ki Lvbv Rwi c ` ki Avq-e q Ges `wi`ªzv m úwk Z Z_ cö`vb K i Q nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f (GBPGdGm) : ` ki me mikvwi- emikvwi ^v mev cöwzôvb I K `ª h jv Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi wpwkrmv mev Ges GgAvi mev cö`vb K i e j g b n q Q m jv bgybv Q Ki AšÍfz ³ Kiv n q Q (GLv b emikvwi ms v ev GbwRI ^v mev K `ª jv ev` `qv n q Q Kbbv GbwRI-i cöavb Kvh vjq _ K GgAvi Ges Mf cvz m úwk Z wpwkrmv mev cö`v bi Z_ Avjv`vfv e msmön Kiv n q Q) ^v mev cö`vbkvix cöwzôvb I K `ª jvi ZvwjKv evsjv `k mikv ii ^v gš Yvjq KZ K cökvwkz Z_ 2008 mv ji cökvwkz vwumwukvj Bqvi eyk 24 Ges ^v Awa`dZi I cwievi cwikíbv Awa`dZi _ K cövß Z _ i wfwë Z Kiv n q Q G _ K Avgiv mviv ` k 5 nvrvi 301wU ^v mev cöwzôvb Ges K `ª wpwýz K iwq (mviwy 1) evsjv `k mikv ii cuvp ai bi ^v mev cöwzôvb ev K `ª i q Q * G jvi g a i q Q gww Kj K jr I nvmcvzvj, Rjv nvmcvzvj, Dc Rjv ^v Kg cø, gv I wkï Kj vy K `ª Ges BDwbqb ^v I cwievi Kj vy K `ª me kl D jøwlz BDwbqb ^v I cwievi Kj vy *bgybvpqb Ges we køl Yi D Ï k Avgiv e w³gvwjkvbvaxb Ges mikvwi gww Kj K jr jv K GKB MÖæcfz³ K iwq; Kbbv Giv cövq GKB ai Yi mev cö`vb K i _v K

K `ª mvaviyz cwievi Kj vy cwi`wk Kv `i w` q cwipvwjz nq GLvb _ K GgAvi mev cö`vb Kiv nq wkš Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv `qv nq bv e w³gvwjkvbvaxb wk wbk cy iv ^v mev cöwzôvb ev K `ªi 29 kzvsk G jv K ew msl vi Abycv Z wzb fv M fvm Kiv n q Q GwU Kiv n q Q hv Z e w³gvwjkvbvaxb cöwzôvb jv me vcbvi m ½ h_vh_fv e cöwzwbwaz Ki Z cv i G M elyvi Rb eû Í ii bgybvqb (Stratified Multistage Sampling) e envi Kiv n q Q h nzz me mikvwi- emikvwi gww Kj K jr I nvmcvzvj jv ZB AmsL Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv Ges GgAvi mev cö`vb Kiv nq m nzz ` ki me mikvwi- emikvwi gww Kj K jr jv bgybvfy³ Kiv n q Q Ab ^v mev cöwzôv bi Î evsjv ` ki 64wU Rjvi g a _ K ˆ`e Pq bi gva g 16wU Rjv wbe vpb Kiv n q Q wbe vwpz Rjv jvi me ^v mev cöwzôvb Ges K `ªi ZvwjKv cö Z Kiv n q Q cöwz ^v mev cöwzôvb ev K `ªi ga _ K AvbycvwZK nv i bgybv Pqb Kiv n q Q bgybv Pq bi mgq hme ^v mev cöwzôvb I K `ª _ K GgAvi Ges Mf cvz-ciez x mev cö`vb Kiv nq Zv iæ Z bqv n q Q GKB m ½ ^v mev cöwzôvb Ges K `ªi gvu msl vi iæ Z bqv n q Q Kbbv Rjv nvmcvzvj, Dc Rjv ^v Kg cø Ges gv I wkï Kj vy K `ª jvb g~jz Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZv wpwkrmv cö`v bi Ab Zg K `ª Ges h nzz G cöwzôv bi msl vi Zzjbvg~jKfv e ewk bq m nzz wbe vwpz 16wU Rjvi kzfvm K `ªB nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f i AvIZvq Avbv n q Q Ab hme K `ª bgybvfy³ Kiv n q Q Zv n jv BDwbqb ^v I cwievi Kj vy K `ª 24, QvU e w³gvwjkvbvaxb wk wbk 33 Ges eo e w³gvwjkvbvaxb wk wbk 72 kzvsk gvu 729wU ^v mev cöwzôvb ev K `ª bgybvfy³ Kiv n qwqj G jv 16wU Rjvi GK nvrvi 945wU ^v mev cöwzôvb ev K `ªi gvu 37 kzvsk Avgiv wbe vwpz ^v mev cöwzôvb I K `ªi 670 R bi mv vrkvi MÖnY K iwq Avgv `i mdj mv vrkv ii nvi 92 kzvsk cöwzwu mev K `ª Avgiv EaŸ Zb GK Kg KZ vi mvÿvrkvi wb qwq wzwb K `ªwU Z cö`ë Mf cvz mev Ges GgAvi mev cö`vb m ú K h _ó Z_ iv Lb nvmcvzv j Avgiv cöm~wz wefv Mi cöavb Ges QvU AvKv ii wk wb Ki cwipvjk A_ev R ô GK Kg KZ vi mvÿvrkvi MÖnY K iwq wbe vwpz DËi `vzv _ K Rvbvi Póv Kiv n q Q, Zvi ^v mev cöwzôvb ev K `ª Mf cvz msµvšíí RwUjZvi wpwkrmv nvmcvzv j fwz i L A_ev ewnwe fv M wpwkrmv cö`vb K ib wk-bv hw` Zviv wpwkrmv cö`vb K i _v Kb Zvn j cöwz gv m M o K ZvRb Ges MZ gv m K ZvRb K nvmcvzv j fwz i L I K ZvRb K ewnwe fv M Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi ( ^cö Yvw`Z Ges AvcbvAvcwb Mf cv Zi Z_ GK m ½ bqv n q Q) wpwkrmv cö`vb K i Qb Gfv e `yb fv M fvm K i Z_ bqvi d j DËi `vzvi c cöwz gvm Ges MZ gv m M o K ZvwU mev cö`vb K i Qb Zv Avjv`vfv e iy Kiv mnr n q Q cöwz gv m mevi msl vq h ZviZg n q Q ZvI ejv mnr n q Q G `ywu msl v Mo Kiv n q Q Ges Zv `i 12 w` q Y Kiv n q Q cwäkv eq ii cöv wjz msl v ei Kivi Rb GQvov DËi `vzv K wrávmv Kiv n q Q Gi g a GgAv ii RwUjZv wb q fwz i msl v K Zv DcvË we køl Yi mgq Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi msl v _ K G msl v (GgAv ii RwUjZvi msl v) ev` `qv n q Q G msl v `yõevi hv Z MYbvq bv Av m m Rb ev` `qv n q Q mviyx 2. wefvmiqvwi ^v mev K `ªi aib Abyhvqx Mf cvz- ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmvi msl v wby qi Rb h cwigvck e envi Kiv n q Q wefvm 15-44 eqi eqmx gwnjvi msl v RxweZ R b i msl v me ai bi Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi wpwkrmv wpwkrmv MÖnY Kiv gwnjv `i msl v AvcbvAvcwb Mf cvz ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi Kvi Y cöwz 1000 R b wpwkrmv cö`v bi msl v AvBb ewnf Z A_P wbivc` Mf cv Zi msl v* b bi iä Kg ga g D P evsjv `k 35,601,229 3,551,682 280,453 49,086 231,367 6.5 74,615 1.9 2.5 3.0 ewikvj 2,136,760 222,385 8,924 3,982 4,942 2.3 4,973 1.5 1.9 2.3 PÆMÖvg 6,576,957 782,764 40,789 11,561 29,228 4.4 11,759 1.8 2.3 2.8 XvKv 11,112,599 1,135,043 74,107 13,239 60,868 5.5 25,788 2.3 2.9 3.6 Lyjbv 4,503,456 327,902 59,851 5,871 53,980 12.0 7,428 1.5 1.9 2.3 ivrkvnx 8,979,999 775,913 75,738 9,889 65,849 7.3 21,165 2.1 2.7 3.2 wm ju 2,291,458 307,675 21,044 4,544 16,500 7.2 3,502 1.9 2.3 2.8 *mikvwi Ges cövb fu mev jv Z h Zv msl K GgAvi n q Q Gi gvî 14 `kwgk 9 kzvsk wnmve Kiv n q Q (hv A vwrv Kiv nqwb Ges GbwRI jvi msl vi GLv b Avbv nqwb Zv e vl vi Rb g~j U U `Lyb bvu : 2010 mv j wefvm jv hfv e wqj mfv e bqv n q Q c i Aek ivrkvnx wefvm f O GKwU bzzb wefvm iscyi m wó n q Q 4

5 GKB c wz e envi K i GgAv ii msl v bqv n q Q (gv mi Mo Ges MZ gv mi wnmv e) hme mikvwi gww Kj K jr nvmcvzvj Ges bgybvfy³ Rjv nvmcvzvj, hme ÿ Î GbwRI wk wbk i q Q mme Î Kej IB K `ªi wbr ^ mev cö`v bi msl v bqv n q Q Zv Kiv n q Q GbwRI wk wb Ki Z_ `yõevi wnmv e bqvi welqwu cwinvi Kivi Rb ewki fvm BDwbqb ^v I cwievi Kj vy K `ª _ K GKRb cwievi Kj vy cwi`wk Kvi mv vrkvi MÖnY Kiv n q Q hw` Kv bv K `ª GKvwaK cwievi Kj vy cwi`wk Kv KvR K i _v Kb Zvn j Zv `i mevi mw wjz mevi msl v GKB K `ªi msl v wn m e MY Ki Z ejv n q Q Avevi hw` IB cwievi Kj vy cwi` kkviv mev K `ªi evb i Kv bv mev w` q _v Kb m msl vi ej Z Aby iva Kiv n q Q ( hgbñ mev cö`vbkvix `i evmv A_ev mev MÖnxZvi evmvq mev cö`vb K i _v Kb) myzivs IB K `ªi me mev cö`vbkvixi m úvw`z msl v K `ªi Af ší i Ges evb ii meb IB K `ªi m úvw`z msl v wn m e bqv n q Q * cöwzwu nvmcvzvj ev wk wb Ki mev cö`vbkvix `i KvQ _ K Rvb Z PvIqv n q Q, MZ gv m wewfbœ Kvi Y hv `i mev bv w` q diz `qv n q Q Zv `i msl v K Zv wqj M elyvq Z_ Ggbfv e web vm Kiv n q Q (Weighted Kiv n q Q) hv Z RvZxq cöv wjz msl v wbiƒcy Kiv hvq G mgq h welq jv we epbvq wn m e bqv n q Q Zv n jv wefvm I K `ªi aib Abyhvqx nvmcvzvj ev wk wb Ki bgybvq AšÍfz w³i m vebv Ges Gme K `ªi DËi `vzvi nvi Gme nvmcvzvj ev wk wb Ki kªyxweb v mi Dcv`vb jv cöz bycvz (Inverse of the Product h `ybwu ivwki g a GKwU evo j AciwU K g mb ivwk `ywui AbycvZ) Kbbv G DËi jv bgybvi fmœvsk (Sampling Fraction) I d vwmwjwui aib Ges wefvmiqvwi Kiv n q Q (mwvk wnmv ei Rb IRb (Weight)Kiv n q QÑ d vwmwjwui Ici wfwë K i bq, d vwmwjwui e Wi msl vi Ici wfwë K i) GbwRI KZ K GgAvi Ges Mf cvz wpwkrmv cö`v bi wpî : evsjv ` k GgAvi mev cö`vbkvix h GbwRI jv GgAvi Ges Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv cö`vb K i m jvi Z_ cöavb Kvh vjq _ K bqv n q Q Avgiv Gme GbwRIi _ K 2010 mv j wefvmiqvwi h Zv msl K GgAvi Ges Mf cvz-ciez x wpwkrmv mev cö`vb K i Q Gi wnmve wb qwq ^v ckvrxex mv f ev ^v we klá `i gzvgz Rwic : G M elyvwu bxwz-wba vik I Ab K nvìvi `i KvQ _ K Z_ msmön K i Kiv n q Q G ^v mev we klá hviv Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv Ges GgAvi mev cö`vb m úwk Z mevi m ½ cwiwpz I G m ú K Mfxifv e Rv bb Zv `i g a i q Qb wk wb Ki mev cö`vbkvix, bxwz-wba vik Ges cörbb ^v Dbœq b hviv AMÖYx f wgkvq i q Qb Ggb cöwzwu m±i _ K m`m wb q GKwU ZvwjKv cöyqb Kiv n q Q G Rb D Ïk g~jkfv e 160 e w³i ZvwjKv ˆZwi Kiv n qwqj Ges Zv `i g a 151 R bi mdjfv e mv vrkvi bqv n q Q ^v mev cö`vbkvix ckvrxex `i ` ki 6wU (ZLbI iscyi wefvm nqwb) wefvm _ K Ges 64wU Rjvi 33wU _ K wbe vwpz Kiv n qwqj Zv `i AwaKvskB kni GjvKvq KvR K ib Avgiv wbe vpb K iwq Zv `i, hv `i MÖvg GjvKvq KvR Kivi AwfÁZv i q Q wbe vwpz `i 41 kzvs ki mv vrkvi MÖn Yi Av Mi 5 eq i 6 gvm ev GiI ewk mgq a i MÖvg GjvKvq KvR Kivi AwfÁZv i q Q nj_ ckvrxex mv f Kivi D Ïk wqj Zv `i KvQ _ K evsjv ` ki BwÛDmW A veikb ev ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz Ges GgAv ii wewfbœ wel q gzvgz m ú K AewnZ niqv Zv `i KvQ _ K cövß Z_ Y b e env ii Rb cö qvrbxq Z_ mieivn Kiv n q Q Zv gvu K Zv gwnjv ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz Kwi q Qb Ges Zv `i g a _ K hv `i RwUjZv `Lv w` q Q Zv `i g a K Zv wpwkrmv mev MÖnY K i Qb Zv wby q mnvqzv K i Q GgAvi m úv` bi msl v wbiƒcy : nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk Ges GbwRI mev K `ªi cövß Z_ Abyhvqx 2010 cwäkv eq i 5 jvl 800 GgAvi mev cö`v bi cöv wjz wnmve cviqv M Q hvb nvk bv Kb, m úvw`z Gme GgAvi mevi wi cvu bv niqvi Kvi Y 25 G msl v wbgœewy Z h Drm jv Kg wi cvu K i m Drm jvi m ½ mgš^ qi cö qvrbxqzv `Lv w` q Q mikvwi Ges e w³gvwjkvbvaxb nvmcvzvj ev wk wb K mev cö`vbkvixiv m úvw`z GgAvi mevi c~y v½ wi cvu cö`vb K ib bv KviY Zviv Kv bv Kv bv mgq mwvk wbqg-kvby bi evb i GgAvi m úv`b K ib Zviv nvmcvzvj ev wk wb Ki evb i mev cö`vb K ib, wba vwiz K i `qv mgqmxgvi *Lye ^í msl K BDwbqb ^v I cwievi Kj vy K `ªi ÿ Î GKvwaK c viv gwwk mi mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiv n q Q mme ÿ Î Avgiv wbiƒcy Kivi Póv K iwq, Zviv GgAvi mev msµvší e w³mzfv e m úvw`z GgAv ii Z_ w` q Qb, bv IB K `ªi Z_ w` q Qb Kv bv Kv bv ÿ Î AwZwi³ Kv iv mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiv n q Q m ÿ Î wzwb cövqb GgAvi mev cö`vb K ib bv e j Qb Gme GbwRIi g a i q Q wicöwvkwuf nj_ mvwf mm Uªwbs A vû GWz Kkb cövmövg, A v mvwm qkb di wcö fbkb Ae mcwuk A veikb evsjv `k, evsjv `k DB gbm nj_ Kvqvwjkb, w` d vwgwj cø vwbs A v mvwm qkb Ae evsjv `k, Avievb cövbgvwi nj_ Kqvi cö R±, gix vcm B Uvib vkvbvj Ges eª vk evsjv `k 2010 mv ji M elyvq LvZvc Î GgAvi mevi D jøl hvm AvÛviwi cvwu s jÿ Kiv M Q DËi `vzvi kzkiv 11 fvm wek vm K ib, Zv `i wbr ^ mev K `ªi LvZvc Îi msl v mwvk bq Ges 20 kzvsk e j Qb, mvwe Kfv e GgAvi mevi LvZvc Îi msl v mwvk bq 25 Aek nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f i ÿ Î d vwmwjwu KZ K msiwÿz GgAv i LvZvc Îi DcvË e envi Kiv nqwb Ab vb M elyv _ K cövß GgAv ii msl v ( nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f cövß Z_ mn) Avgv `i djwu mg_ b K i

mviwy 3 : wefvmiqvwi GgAv ii wbiƒwcz msl v, mev cö`vbkvixi aib Abyhvqx GgAvi mevi kzkiv wnmve Ges nvi wefvm GgAv ii gvu msl v mikvwi d vwmwjwu BD. ^v. I c. K. K `ª Ab vb d vwmwjwu* cövb fu wk wbk GbwRI cöfvbwvim evsjv `k 653,078 46.2 17.1 9.1 27.6 100.0 18.3 ewikvj 42,740 42.0 28.7 3.2 26.1 100.0 20.0 PÆMÖvg 99,494 42.3 19.4 3.4 34.9 100.0 15.1 XvKv 223,569 42.3 13.0 14.9 29.8 100.0 20.1 Lyjbv 61,833 30.4 13.3 20.8 35.4 100.0 13.7 ivrkvnx 197,148 60.2 18.8 4.2 16.8 100.0 22.0 wm ju 28,294 33.7 19.6 2.0 44.7 100.0 12.3 gvu 15-44 eqi eqmx gwnjv `i cöwz nvrv i GgAvi Gi msl v *Gi g a i q Q mikvwi Ges cövb fu gww Kj K jr nvmcvzvj, Rjv nvmcvzvj, Dc Rjv ^v Kg cø, gv I wkï Kj vy K `ª bvu : BD. ^v. I c. K. K `ª = BDwbqb ^v I cwievi Kj vy K `ª Ges GbwRI = bb-mfb g U AM vbvb Rkb evb i GgAvi mev cö`vb K ib A_ev mikvwi nvmcvzvj ev wk wb K hlv b webvg~ j mev cö`vb Kivi K_v mlv b mevi wewbg q Awdm Av `kewnf Z wd Av`vq K ib BZ vw` Kvi Y wi cvu K ib bv BDwbqb ^v I cwievi Kj vy K `ª jv Z mikv ii D P ch v qi nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk jvi P q ewk AvÛviwi cvwu s nqñ mikvwi D P ch v qi nvmcvzvj jv Z Z`viwK e e v Zzjbvg~jKfv e fv jv, mevi Rb g~j bqv Ges ikw bv i L mev cö`vb Kivi my hvm A cÿvk Z Kg 2004 mv ji GKwU M elyvq GiI AwaK Bw½Z Kiv n q Q h, me nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk jv Z AvÛviwi cvwus qi cwigvy 70 kzvsk 16 m cöwz Av ikwu QvU AvKv ii cwipvwjz M elyvq 7wU Dc Rjv I 2 wgwjqb RbmsL v Aay wlz GKwU Rjvq hlv b MvcbxqZv i vi Avk vm cö`vb Kiv n q Q Ges mv vrkvi MÖnYKvix I mev cö`vbkvix `i g a Lye fv jv m úk vwcz niqvi ci mev cö`vbkvixiv Z_ cö`vb K i Qb G Z `Lv M Q h, mikv ii Kv Q Zviv h Zv GgAvi wi cvu K i Gi P q 70 kzvsk ewk m úv`b K ib 26 Avgv `i cöz vkv, nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f i Î AvÛviwi cvwus D jøwlz Rwi ci P q Kg n q Q Kbbv nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f h nzz mikvwi Rwic bq Ges DËi `vzv `i Avk Í Kiv n q Q, Zv `i `qv DË ii MvcbxqZv K Vvifv e i v Kiv n e DwjøwLZ M elyv `ywu Z cövß Lye ewk AvÛviwi cvwu s qi welqwu we epbvq i L Avgiv ez gvb M elyvq wewfbœ wel qi Rb i Ykxj GKwU ms kvwaz wn m ei cöqvm wb qwq AvÛviwi cvwu s wqj wbgœiƒcñ BDwbqb ^v Ges cwievi Kj vy K `ª jv 40, e w³ gvwjkvbvaxb wk wbk 25 Ges mikvwi Ab nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk jvi ÿ Î 15 kzvsk G welqwu ms kva bi ci, Avgiv evsjv ` k 2010 mv ji m úvw`z GgAv ii cöv wjz msl v mgš^q K i wbiƒcy K iwq (23 kzvs k hv cviqv M Q mgš^ qi ci) ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi cöv wjz msl v wbiƒcyñ ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi cöv wjz msl v wby q Kiv n q Q Abortion Incidence Complication Methodology (AICM) c wz e envi K i G c wzwu evsjv ` ki m ½ mvgäm c~y Ae vq i L e envi Kiv n q Q G cöv j b wzbwu Dcv`vb AšÍfz ³ Kiv n q QÑ K. hme gwnjv ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi ci wpwkrmv mev wb q Qb, L. hme gwnjv Awbivc` ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz Kwi q Qb, RwUjZvq fz M Qb Zv `i wpwkrmvi cö qvrb wqj wkš Kv bv nvmcvzvj ev ^v K `ª _ K wpwkrmv mev bbwb Ges M. hme gwnjv AvBbewnf Z A_P wbivc` Mf cvz Kwi q Qb wkš Kv bv RwUjZvq fv Mbwb * cöwzwu Dcv`vbB wb gœ Av jvpbv Kiv n jv Z_ ^ízvi Kvi Y h ^í msl K (hw` Kiv n q _v K) AvBwb Mf cvz wm I wbivc`, gwnjv `i Rxeb i v _ Kiv n q Q Zv Avgv `i M elyvi ch v jvpbv _ K ev` `qv n q Q 25 *Avgiv Ôwbivc` AvBbewnf Z Mf cvzõ kãwu e envi K iwq wkš Avgiv ^xkvi KiwQ, Avgiv hw` G kãwu K ÔKg SzuwKc~Y Õ ejzvg Zvn j me P q mwvk n Zv Kbbv me Mvcbxq Mf cv Zi ÿ Î wkqz bv wkqz SzuwK _v K 6

Uwej 4 : wefvmiqvwi wbiƒwcz ^cö Yvw`Z gvu Mf cv Zi msl v, nvi Ges AbycvZ Y bi e envi wn m e wefvm ^cö Yvw`Z gvu Mf cv Zi msl v * Mf cv Zi nvi Mf cv Zi AbycvZ Kg ga g D P Kg ga g D P Kg ga g D P evsjv `k 523,803 646,550 769,296 14.7 18.2 21.6 15 18 22 ewikvj 12,366 14,387 16,407 5.8 6.7 7.7 6 6 7 PÆMÖvg 64,759 79,241 93,724 9.8 12.0 14.3 8 10 12 XvKv 165,550 203,743 241,934 14.9 18.3 21.8 15 18 21 Lyjbv 88,174 110,239 132,304 19.6 24.5 29.4 27 34 40 ivrkvnx 159,532 197,343 235,154 17.8 22.0 26.2 21 25 30 wm ju 33,422 41,597 49,773 14.6 18.2 21.7 11 14 16 * ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi gvu wnmv ei ÿ Î wzbwu Dcv`v bi mgš^ q Kiv n q QÑ K. hme gwnjv Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi wpwkrmv mev K `ª Kwi q Qb, L. hme gwnjv Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi mev K `ª Kivbwb Ges M. hme gwnjv AvBbewnf Z A_P wbivc` Mf cvz Kwi q Qb Mf cv Zi nvi n Q 15 _ K 44 eqi eqmx gwnjv `i cöwz GK nvrvi R b Mf cv Zi msl v Mf cv Zi AbycvZ n Q cöwz 100 RxweZ R b Mf cv Zi msl v 7 Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi Rb hme gwnjvi wpwkrmv `qv n q Q : 2010 mv ji nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f Ges GbwRI wk wbk KZ K hme gwnjv K AvcbvAvcwb I ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv mev cö`vb Kiv n q Q Zv `i msl v wb q 2 jvl 80 nvrvi 500 R bi cöv wjz msl v wbiƒcy Kiv n q Q (mviwy 2) wkš GLv b GKB mg q GgAvi-cieZ x RwUjZvi Rb h 78 nvrvi 100 Rb wpwkrmv mev wb q Qb Zv `i msl v ev` `qv n q Q KviY AvcbvAvcwb Ges ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi aib GKB ikg AvBwb K VviZvi Rb ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi K_v A b KB Gwo q h Z Pvb nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f i DËi `vzv `i Dfq ai bi Mf cv Zi K_v wrávmv Kiv nqwb Avgiv cökvivší i Dfq ai bi Mf cv Zi RwUjZvq AvµvšÍ ivmx `i cöv wjz msl v wbiƒc Yi Rb c ivÿ cöukj c wz e envi K iwq Avgiv wk wbk vj M elyv Øviv cöwzwôz mkj ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi Rxe ewpî gq aib (hv cövq cöwz gwnjvi ÿ Î GKB ai Yi) m úwk Z cövß Z_ e envi K iwq 27,28 nvmcvzv j fwz i m ½ Gi Kv bv m úk bb hme gwnjvi 13-22 mßv ni g a AvcbvAvcwb Mf cvz N U Q Zv `i msl v c iv c wz Aej ^b K i cöv jb Kiv n q Q Ges Abygvb Kiv n q Q, G gwnjv `i ^v K `ªi mev bqvi cö qvrbxqzv wqj * ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi msl v me RxweZ R b i 3 `kwgk 4 kzvsk wn m e cöv jb Kiv n q Q Avgiv wewwgbp 2007-Gi wefvmiqvwi cörbbÿg gwnjv `i wefvrb ev weziy e envi K i Ges Lye mv úöwzk eqm wfwëk RbmsL vi wefvrb wksev weziy e envi K i 2010 mv ji wefvmiqvwi 5 eqi eqm ` ji (Five years Intervel) cörbbÿg gwnjv `i msl v wbiƒcy ev wnmve K iwq 29,30 2007 mv ji WgMÖvwdK Ges nj_ mv f i mywbw` ó eqm wfwëk RbDe izvi nvi (Age specific fertility rate) Ges cöwz eqm MÖæc (Age group) Abyhvqx gwnjv `i msl v e envi K i evsjv ` ki QqwU wefv M R b i msl v 2010 mv ji Rb cöv jb Kiv n q Q G wnmv e 2010 mv j evsjv ` k cöv wjz 35 jvl 51 nvrvi 700 RxweZ Rb Ges Gi g a GK jvl 21 nvrvi 100 R bi AvcbvAvcwb Mf cvz (0.0341 33,551,682 = 121,112) 2010 N U Q e j AbywgZ G wel q Av iv mgš^ qi cö qvrbxqzv i q Q e j Avgiv g b Kwi Kbbv Gi g a Kej ^í msl K K qk gwnjvi Î AvcbvAvcwb Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv ^v K `ª _ K bqvi my hvm n q Q Avgiv Abygvb KiwQ, G Ask n Q ^v ckvrxex `i g Z, nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk _ K Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi Rb hviv wpwkrmv wb q _v Kb Zvi mgvb evsjv ` k Zv n Q 41 kzvsk 11 myzivs Avgiv cöv jb K iwq, evsjv ` k gvu 49 nvrvi 100 gwnjv (0.4053 121,112 = 49,086) cöwz eqi wewfbœ nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk _ K AvcbvAvcwb Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi wpwkrmv wb q _v Kb G msl vwu gvu Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi msl v _ K ev` w` j h msl vi cöv jb cviqv hvq Zv n jv 2 jvl 31 nvrvi 400 * hme gwnjvi Mf cö_g wzb gv mi g a bó n q hvq Zviv m ez hme d vwmwjwu Z Rwic cwipvwjz n q Q mme d vwmwjwu _ K wpwkrmv bb bv hgbñ nvmcvzvj Ges ^v K `ª Zviv m ez wbgœ ch v qi ^v mev K `ª _ K mev bb A_ev Kv bv cöwkÿycövß wksev AcÖwkÿYcÖvß mev cö`vbkvix hviv Kv bv ^v K `ª KvR K ib bv Zv `i KvQ _ K mev bb GQvov wek ^v ms v AvcbvAvcwb Mf cv Zi 22 mßvn A_ev GiI ewk mg qi Mf bó K wduvj W_ wn m e wpwýz K i Q G mgqmxgvi g a msnwuz AvcbvAvcwb Mf cv Zi wnmve ez gvb wnmve _ K ev` `qv n q Q

GwUB n Q mviv evsjv ` ki mikvwi, e w³gvwjkvbvaxb Ges GbwRI wk wbk jv _ K Awbivc` Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZv wpwkrmv cö`v bi msl v RwUjZvmn hviv Kv bv wpwkrmv MÖnY K ib bv : G MÖæ ci wnmve cöv jb Kiv n q Q GAvBwmGg-Gi cwiewz Z c wz Y bi (Multipiler) e envi K i GAvBwmGg cöyxz Y bi e envi- hme gwnjv Awbivc` ^cö bvw`z Mf cvz Kiv bvi ci RwUjZvi wkkvi n q Qb wkš Kv bv nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk _ K mev MÖnY K ibwb Zv `i msl v cöv j b Avgv `i mnvqzv K i Q Mf cvz mev hlv b mn R cviqv hvq mlv bi Yb Kg n q _v K Kbbv h Zv msl K gwnjvib Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv cö qvrb n e Z Zv gwnjv Zv wb Z cvi eb Avgiv ckvrxex `i Z _ i wfwë Z A_ vr h Zv msl Ki RwUjZv `Lv w` q Q Ges Zvi ga _ K h Zv msl K wpwkrmv mev MÖnY K i Q Gi Ici wfwë K ib G Yb e envi K i msl v cöv jb K iwq Gi KviY n Q, gwnjv `i evm vb (kni Ges MÖvg) Ges Av_ mvgvwrk cö vc Ui Ici Mf cv Zi mev wk Ae vq MÖnY K ib Gi ZviZg N U _v K G m úwk Z 4wU cökœ Av_ mvgvwrk mve-möæ ci Rb Avjv`vfv e ckvrxex `i Kv Q Kiv n q Q G 4wU MÖæc n jv kn ii Mwie, Mwie bb, MÖvg A ji Mwie Ges Mwie bb Ggb RbmsL v G djwu Weighted Kiv n q Q mve-möæ ci wi cvwu s I mvb Ri Ici wfwë K i Kiv n q Q Ges G Z K i RvZxq I AvÂwjK Mybb ev msl v cviqv hvq GB Mybb Lyjbv Ges ewikv ji Î 1 `kwgk 9 Ges XvKv wefv Mi Î 2 `kwgk 9 Y bi G msl v wb ` k K i h, Lyjbv Ges ewikvj wefv M cöwz 2 R b GKRb gwnjv hvi ^cö bvw`z Mf cvzñ ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv cö qvrb wqj wzwb Kv bv bv Kv bv nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk _ K m mev wb q Qb XvKv wefv Mi Rb ^v K `ª _ K wpwkrmv bqvi G msl v cöwz 3 R b cövq GKRb Lye RwUj bgybv Pq bi welqwu gv_vq i L Avgiv nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f i Z_ e envi K iwq Ges nj_ cö dkbvj mv f Z _ i cö`ë Km jvw ev msl vi KvQvKvwQ kzkiv 95 fvm Kbwd WÝ B Uvif vj wn m e K iwq Avgiv Kbwd WÝ B Uvif v ji cövwšíkzv (Boundary) e envi K i Y bi Î ÔKgÕ Ges Ô ewkõ cöv j bi bxwz cö qvm K iwq mviv ` ki Rb ÔKgÕ, Ôga gõ Ges Ô ewkõ Y bi e envi Kiv n q Q G Î Kg, ga g Ges Ô ewkõi Yb n Q h_vµ g 1 `kwgk 9, 2 `kwgk 5 Ges 3 `kwgk k~b Ôga gõ Y bi wfwë Z h dj cviqv hvq m djb mvaviyz e envi Kivi Rb mycvwik Kiv nq Z e g b ivlv cö qvrb, G kªyx ev i Äi g a ga gwub n Q KvQvKvwQ wnmve mviwy 5 : Mf cvz Ges GgAv ii msl v, RwUjZvi wpwkrmvi nvi Ges G m úwk Z 1995-2010 mv ji RbwgwZK cwigvck cwigvck 1995 2010 % cwiez b RbwgwZK cwigvck 15-44 ermi eqmx gwnjv `i msl v 26,318,400 35,601,229 35 RxweZ R b i nvi 3,404,854 3,551,682 4 Mf avi Yi msl v 4,889,220 5,691,608 16 Mf avi Yi nvi* 185.8 159.9-14 AbvKvwOÿZ M f i msl v 2,151,717 2,630,774 22 AbvKvwOÿZ M f i nvi* 81.8 73.9-10 AbvKvwOÿZ M f i kzkiv nvi 44.0 46.2 5 Mo cörbb nvi 3.3 2.7-17 Kvw LZ cörbb nvi 2.1 1.9-10 wpwkrmv ev Bbwm W Ýi nvi GgAvi RwUjZv wpwkrmvi nvi* mikvwi d vwmwjwu (nvmcvzvj ev wkwbk) 0.7 1.1 53 cövb fu d vwmwjwu (nvmcvzvj ev wkwbk) na 1.1 na Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi wpwkrmvi nvi*, mikvix d vwmwjwu (nvmcvzvj ev wkwbk) 2.7 4.3 59 cövb fu ev GbwRI d vwmwjwu na 3.6 na GgAv ii nvi* 17.8 18.3 3 Mf cv Zi nvi* 10.0 18.2 82 *15 _ K 44 eqi eqmx cöwz GK nvrvi gwnjvi ÿ Î, h_vµ g 1996-1997 Ges 2007 mv ji WgMÖvwdK Ges Ô nj_õ mv f i Z _ i Ici wfwë K i Kiv n q Q cövb fu gww Kj K jr AšÍfz ³ Kiv n q Q ^cö Yvw`Z Ges AvcbvAvcwb Mf cvz AšÍfz ³ Kiv n q Q bvu : GgAvi = gvwmk wbqwgzkiy, GbwRI = bb-mfb gu AM vbvb Rkb, GbG = bu A v fb jej Z_ m~î : 1995-2007 mv ji wwgbpgm Z_ Ges ez gvb M elyvi AcÖKvwkZ wnmve 2010Ñ ez gvb M elyv hw` Ab fv e wb ` k bv K i h gwnjv `i AvBbewnf Z A_P wbivc` Mf cvz n q Q : h nzz GgAvi mev evsjv ` ki me ÎB cviqv hvq Ges kl gvwm Ki cö_g w`b _ K gvwmk e Üi 10 mßvn ch ší GgAvi Kiv hvq Ges m úvw`z GgAv ii msl vi cviqv hvq m nzz Avgiv GAvBwmGg c wz e envi K i h gwnjviv AvBbewnf Z A_P wbivc` Mf cvz mev wb q Qb Gi cöv wjz msl v wnmve Kivi Póv K iwq Avgiv aviyv K iwq, evsjv ` ki cö vc U hme gwnjv GgAvi Kiv Z Pvb Ges mev bv c q cöz vl vz nb ZvivB Avm j cöavbz G ai bi Mf cvz mev wb Z nvmcvzvj ev wk wb K hvb Kbbv Zviv BwZg a DØy n q Qb Ges cöwkw Z mev cö`vbkvix Ges wk wbk m ú K AewnZ Av Qb myzivs h Zv gwnjv GgAvi mev wb Z wm q cöz vl vz n q Qb Zv `i wnmve Abycv Zi Ici wfwë K i AvBbewnf Z wbivc` Mf cv Zi msl v wnmve K iwq Lye Kg msl K M elyv ZB gwnjviv GgAvi mev bv c q cöz vl vz n q wk K ib Zv Zz j aiv n q Q ek cyi bv GKwU M elyvq `Lv M Q, cöz vl vz `i 39 kzvsk Avevi Ab Î GgAvi Kiv bvi Póv K ib Zv `i g a 80 kzvsk Wv³vi A_ev c viv gwwkm `i Kv Q wm q Qb 31 nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f _ K Avgiv Rvwb, 26 kzvsk gwnjv GgAvi mev bv c q 8

9 cöz vl vz nb Avgiv cöv jb K iwq, Zv `i g a A a K gwnjv (13%) AšÍZ AvBbewnf Z A_P wbivc` Mf cvz mev MÖnY Ki eb Avgiv Abygvb KiwQ, G cöv j b gwnjv `i g a ïay hviv GgAvi mev wb Z wm q cöz vl vz n eb ZvivB _vk eb Zv bq GLv b Ab vb gwnjvivi G ai bi Mf cvz mev wb Z cv ib hgbñ kl gvwm Ki ci _ K mßvn wnmve bv K ii hme gwnjv GgAvi mev wb Z hvbwb ZvivI G mev wb q _vk Z cv ib myzivs 15 kzvsk A_ vr gwnjv `i 13 kzvsk hviv GgAvi mev P q Qb Zv cöwiz GgAvi msl vi kzkiv wnmv e cökvk Kiv n q Q A_ev {(0.1297/ (01-0.1297 = 0.149 wi cvu K Z (hv mgwš^z bq)} GgAv ii msl v hv AvBbewnf Z A_P wbivc` Mf cv Zi msl vi cöwzwbwaz K i G msl v n Q 74 nvrvi 600 G wn m e RvZxqfv e ^cö Yvw`Z gvu Mf cv Zi cöv wjz msl v `uvovq (Awbivc` I AvBbewnf Z A_P wbivc` Mf cvz) 646,600 (mviwy 4) AbvKvw ÿz Ges Kvw ÿz Mf avi Yi cöv jb gvu Mf avi Yi msl v n jv me RxweZ R š i msl v, Mf cvz Ges M f i mšívb bó n q hviqvi (Kvw ÿz A_ev Awbivc` Mf aviy _ K) hvmdj RvZxq I wefvmiqvwi AbvKvw ÿz Mf avi Yi wnmve cviqvi Rb Avgiv ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz, AbvKvw ÿz Mf avi Yi Rb M f i mšívb bó n q hviqv, GgAvi Ges AcwiKwíZ M f i msl v hvm K iwq kl e e vwu cviqv M Q 2007 mv ji wwgbpgm-g D jøwlz gvu Rš msl v Øviv AcwiKwíZ R š i msl v (Amg q A_ev AbvKvw ÿz Mf avi Yi mgq) bb K i hme AbvKvw ÿz Mf wgmk v i Ri gva g kl n q hvq m jv wnmv e Avbvi Rb Avgiv g Wj ebrw G cövp c wz Aej ^b K iwq Ges K Zv mßvn ev eq m Mf åƒy bó n q Q m m úwk Z wk wbk wfwëk M elyvi DcvË e envi K iwq Avgiv G g W ji GKwU c vivwguvi ev cwigvck e envi K iwq Ges G cwigvck Abyhvqx cömb vwý jm ev Mf bó n q hviqvi cöv wjz msl v n jv gvu RxweZ R b i 20 kzvsk hvm 10 kzvsk ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz Ges AcwiKwíZ Mf avi Yi msl vi wn m e bqv Kvw ÿz Mf avi Yi wnmvei GKB c wz Z Kiv n q Q A_ vr Kvw ÿz Mf avi Yi msl vi m ½ Kvw ÿz Mf aviy _ K m ó wgmk v i Ri msl v hvm K i Zv Kiv n q Q dj : GgAv ii msl v evsjv ` k 2010 mv j cöv wjz GgAv ii msl v n jv 653,100 (mviwy 3) RvZxqfv e `yb-z ZxqvskB m úvw`z nq mikvwi ^v mev K `ª jv Z Gi g a BDwbqb ^v Ges cwievi Kj vy K `ªB cövq A a K GgAvi m úv`b K i Zv mikvwi ^v mev K `ª _ K cö`ë gvu mevi `yb-z Zxqvs kii ewk emikvwi A_ vr GbwRI wk wbk jv _ K GK-PZz_ vs ki mvgvb ewk Ges e w³gvwjkvbvaxb wk wbk ev nvmcvzvj _ K GK- `kgvs ki g Zv GgAvi m úvw`z n q _v K Av cw K iæ Z i w`k w` q QqwU wefv M wewfbœ cök wzi GgAvi mev cö`vbkvix `i g a cv_ K cwijw Z nq RvZxqfv e mikvwi nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk _ K me GgAvi mevi 63 kzvskb cö`vb Kiv nq ewikvj Ges ivrkvnx wefv M G mev ewk cö`vb Kiv nqñ h_vµ g 71 I 79 kzvsk XvKv, Lyjbv Ges wm ju wefv M Gi cwigvy Kg Zv 44 _ K 55 kzvsk ch ší Ab w` K ` ki cy iv GgAvi mevi gvî 9 kzvsk cö`vb Ki Q e w³gvwjkvbvaxb cöwzôvb jv G jvi Ae`vb me P q wdmvi-1: djvdj Ges AwfcÖvq Abyhvqx Mf avi Yi wn me- evsjv `k 1995-2010 cwikwíz cwikwíz 1995 gvu 4,889,000 Mf aviy 47% 2010 gvu 5,762,000 Mf aviy 45% 9% 9% AcwiKwíZ Rb ^cö bvw`z Mf cvz gvwmk wbqwgz KiY (Gg, Avi) Mf bó n q hviqv cwikwíz Rb 23% 6% 18% 6% 10% 11% 5% 11% AcwiKwíZ AcwiKwíZ

ewk XvKv Ges Lyjbv wefv MÑ h_vµ g 15 I 21 kzvsk Ab 4wU wefv M G Ae`vb LyeB Kg (2 _ K 4 kzvs ki g a IVvbvgv K i) wm ju wefv M 45 Ges ivrkvnx wefv M kzkiv 17 kzvsk GgAvi mev GbwRI wk wbk jvi gva g m úvw`z n q _v K hlv b RvZxqfv e m úvw`z gvu 28 kzvsk GbwRI wk wb Ki gva g m úvw`z nq RvZxqfv e `Lv M Q, 2010 mv j cöwz GK nvrvi cörbb g gwnjvi Î 18wU GgAvi m úvw`z n q Q wefvm Abyhvqx G nv ii ZviZg 12 _ K 22 ch ší n Z `Lv M Q G nvi cök Zc M oi P q Kg Lyjbv I wm j U G nvi h_vµ g 12 I 14 Ges M oi Dc i i q Q ivrkvnx wefv M hv 22 ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi msl v ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi wnmve cöv jb Kiv n q Q GgAv ii wnmve _ K Avjv`vfv e Avgiv G Î gvsvgvws ev Mo wnmve KB cövavb w` qwq Kbbv G gvsvgvws ev Mo wnmveb cök Z Ae v Zz j ai Z mÿg cöv wjz wn m e `Lv M Q, evsjv ` k 2010 mv j gvu 6 jvl 46 nvrvi 600wU ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz m úvw`z n q Q 15 _ K 44 eqi eqmx gwnjv `i Î cöwz eqi G nvi cöwz nvrv i 18 Rb (mviwy 4) XvKv Ges wm ju wefv M Mf cv Zi nvi RvZxq M oi KvQvKvwQÑ h_vµ g 22 I 25 M oi P q Kg cwijw Z n q Q PÆMÖvg wefv M 12 Ges AwZwi³ Kg cwijw Z n q Q ewikvj wefv M 7 ewikvj wefv Mi G gvîv AwZwi³ Kg msl v m ez h Zv gwnjv nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk _ K wpwkrmv mev bb Zv `i mwvk wnmve bv ivlv A_ev nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk _ K G wefv M Mf cvz-ciez x mev bqvi cöeyzv Kg GwU A ^vfvwek h, evsjv ` k mikvwi- emikvwi ms v jv Mf cvz-ciez x wpwkrmv mev cö`vb Kivi ÿ Î GKB `vwqz cvjb K i Avm Q nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f i Z_ _ K `Lv hv Q, 2010 mv j h Zv Mf cvz-ciez x wpwkrmv mev cö`vb Kiv n q Q Zvi g a cöwz m±ib A a K gwnjv K wpwkrmv mev cö`vb K i Q D jøl, QvU QvU e w³gvwjkvbvaxb wk wb Ki h jvi ew msl v 20-Gi Kg mme wk wbk _ K e w³gvwjkvbvaxb Lv Zi gvu Mf cvz-ciez x mevi `yb- Z Zxqvsk mev cö`vb Kiv nq (mviwy Z `Lv bv nqwb) RxweZ Rb Ges ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi AvbycvwZK nvi RvZxqfv e wqj cöwz 100 R b 18 Rb Lyjbv Ges ivrkvnx wefv M G nvi m e v PÑ h_vµ g 34 I 25 Ab w` K ewikvj, PÆMÖvg Ges wm ju wefv M G nvi Kg Zv 6 _ K 14 Gi g a G msl v wb ` k K i, Kv bv gwnjv AbvKvw ÿzfv e Mf ezx n jb wzwb ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz Kiv Z cv ib RvZxqfv e 100 Rb RxweZ R b i g a 18 Rb wb ` k K i, cöwz 5 Rb gwnjvñ hviv mšívb Rb ` eb Zv `i g a cövq GKRb ^cö Yvw`Zfv e Mf cvz Kwi q _v Kb GgAvi Ges ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi mgwš^z wnmve ei Kiv Av iv cö qvrbxq e j g b nq G mgwš^z nvi cöwz 100 Rb RxweZ R b 37 Rb wb ` k K i, 5wU RxweZ R b i cövq `ywu Mf B kl n q hvq (GgAvi Ges ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi Kvi Y) evsjv ` ki cövß G mgwš^z nvi 2008 mv j cövß `w Y Ges `w Y-ga Gwkqvi cövß cöv wjz Mf cv Zi nv ii P q ewkñ hv cöwz 100 R b 26 Rb RvZxqfv e mgwš^z GgAvi Ges ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi msl v _ K `Lv hvq, ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi msl v n Q gvu msl vi 50 kzvsk Uwej 6. wefvmiqvwi 15 _ K 49 eqi eqmx ez gvb weevwnz gwnjv `i AvaywbK Ges mbvzb c wz e env ii nvi I Rb wb ivak c wzi Ac~Y Pvwn`v, 1996-2011 AvaywbK c wz mbvzb c wz Ac~Y Pvwn`v 1996-1999- 2004 2007 2011 1996-1999- 2004 2007 2011 1996-1999- 2004 2007 2011 1997 2000 1997 2000 1997 2000 evsjv `k 42 43 47 48 52 8 10 11 8 9 16 15 11 17 12 ewikvj 41 46 43 47 55 8 14 12 9 10 18 15 13 20 10 PÆMÖvg 31 35 37 38 45 6 9 10 6 7 21 20 17 23 19 XvKv 42 42 49 48 51 8 12 11 9 10 17 16 11 18 11 Lyjbv 51 51 51 53 56 11 13 13 10 11 11 11 8 12 8 ivrkvnx* 51 51 58 57 58 8 8 11 9 9 11 13 7 12 9 wm ju 16 25 22 25 35 4 9 10 7 10 21 22 21 26 16 *2010 mv ji cö_g w` K iscyi bv g GKwU bzzb wefvm ivrkvnx wefvm K wef³ K i m wó Kiv n q Q iscyi wefv Mi c wz e env ii nvi Ges Ac~Y Pvwn`vi wnmve GLv b bqv nqwb G wefv Mi mgvbycvz ivrkvnx wefv Mi m ½ mvgäm c~y Z_ m~î : 1996-1997Ñ 20 b ^i idv iý `Lyb Ges 1999-2000Ñ idv iý 21, 2004Ñ idv iý 22, 2007Ñ idv iý 10 Ges 2011Ñ idv iý 11 10

11 GgAvi, ^cö bvw`z Mf cvz I Amy Zvi ai b cwiez b 1995 mv ji M elyvi djvd ji m ½ 2010 mv ji M elyvi Zzjbvg~jK we køly GgAvi Ges ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz mevi wbivcëv, cwiez b Ges G mev jvi msl v wbiƒcy wkfv e Kiv n q Q Zv Mfxifv e eys Z mnvqzv Ki e hvb nvk bv Kb, bgybvi e wß Ges M elyv c wzi Zzjbvg~jK we køl Yi mgq h _ó mzk ZvI we epbvq wb Z n e Kbbv 2010 mv ji M elyvq e w³gvwjkvbvaxb nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk e vckfv e bgybvi AvIZvq Avbv n q Q 1995 mv ji bgybvq Zv AšÍfz ³ wqj bv G K_v we epbvq i L Avgiv Kej cvewjk m±i KZ K GgAvi Ges B QvK Z Mf cv Zi RwUjZv wpwkrmvi Zzjbvg~jK weeiy Av jvpbvi g a mxgve i LwQ 2010 mv ji GgAvi mevi RwUjZvi wpwkrmvi nvi n Q 53 kzvsk Zv 1995 mv ji P q ewk GwU cöwz GK nvrvi gwnjvi ÿ Î GK `kwgk G Ki wecix Z k~b `kwgk 7 Rb wqj 1995 mv j G mg qi g a Mf cv Zi RwUjZvi nvi e w c q Q 59 kzvskñ hv 4 `kwgk 3, 2 `kwgk 7 Rb (mviwy 5) GwU m e n q Q G Rb h, me ÿ Î bv n ji AwaKvsk ÿ Î ^v mev mnrjf n q Q Ges Mf ve vq AwaKZi mev MÖn Yi Pvwn`v e w c q Q D`vniY ^iƒc ejv h Z cv i, G mg qi g a nvmcvzvj ev wk wb K R b i msl v e w c q Q A bk Y 1996-1997 mv j hv wqj 4 Zv e o 2007 mv j 15 Ges 2011 mv j 29 kzvs k DbœxZ n q Q G 15 eq ii g a GgAv ii gvu msl v e w c q Q 39 kzvsk GgAv ii nvi e w c q Q mvgvb Ges G cöv wjz e w gvî 3 kzvskñ 17 `kwgk 8 _ K 18 `kwgk 3 GgAvi cöwz GK nvrvi gwnjvi Î G cöe w wb ` k K i, 15 _ K 44 eqi eqmx gwnjvi msl v e w c q Q A_ vr Zv 35 kzvsk e o Q AwaKš 1995 mv ji M elyvq GgAvi msl v cöv j bi Î wfbœ c wz Aej ^b Kiv n q Q 1987 mv ji M elyv GgAvi mev cö`vbkvix `i m úvw`z GgAv ii Mo msl vi wfwë Z Kiv n qwqj ez gvb M elyvq GKwU kw³kvjx c wz e envi Kiv n q Q AwaKš mikvwi- emikvwi mev cö`vbkvixiv GgAv ii Ici h e vckfv e Kg wi cvu K ib Zv me Rbwew`Z G welqwui mgš^q mvab Kiv n q Q Aek Zv c i wkqyuv AwbðqZvi w` K wb q hvq m e vcwi M elyvi c wzmz cv_ K i Kvi Y 1995 _ K 2010 mv ji g a GgAv ii nv i mwz Kvi Kv bv cwiez b G m Q wk bv m m ú K Avgiv m ú~y wbwðz bb GKB mg qi g a ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi msl v e o Q 82 kzvsk cöwz nvrvi gwnjvi Zzjbv Ki j 10 _ K e o 18 `kwgk 2 kzvs k G m Q m ez G cöe w A bkuvb K wîg 2010 mv ji nv ii m ½ 1995 mv ji nvi m ez `ywu Kvi Y Aeg~j vqb Kiv n q Q cö_gz. 1995 mv ji nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f - Z 2010 mv ji g Zv RvZxqfv e cöwzwbwaz kxj cövb fu m±i A_ vr hlv b Mf cvzciez x wpwkrmv cö`vb Kiv nq Ggb nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk bgybvq AšÍfz ³ wqj bv wøzxqz. 1995 mv ji M elyvq msl v wby qi Rb h Yb e envi Kiv n q Q mlv b m ez Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmvi msl v ewk K i `Lv bv n q _vk Z cv i G mgq ^v mev cö`vbkvixiv wnmve K i `wl q Qb, ^v K `ª _ K Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv wb q Qb 54 kzvsk gwnjv IB mg q gvî 4 kzvsk gwnjv nvmcvzv j ev wk wb K cöme mev wb q Qb 20 Avgiv wm v ší Avm Z cvwi, ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi D P nvi e w i KviY n Z cv i, 2010 mv ji M elyvi c wz wqj DbœZZi GgbwK hw`i nvi e o Q ZeyI G `ywu msl v wb ` k K i, h e w N U Q Zv LyeB Kg GgAvi Ges ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi m ½ m ú ³ Amy Zv 2010 mv ji cövß wnmv e `Lv hv Q, ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvzciez x wpwkrmv mev bqvi nvi ewk cöwz eqi 15 _ K 44 eqi eqmx cöwz GK nvrvi gwnjvi Î G wpwkrmv bqvi msl v n Q 6 `kwgk 5 Rb (mviwy 2) wpwkrmvi G nvi Ab vb Dbœqbkxj ` ki m ½ Zzjbxq hlv b Mf cvz AvBbZ KovKwofv e wbwl Ges GgAvi mevi g Zv mev e e vi bb 33 GQvov 2010 mv j cöwz GK nvrvi gwnjvi g a 2 `kwgk 2 Rb GgAvicieZ x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv wb q Qb aviyv Kiv n Q, G jv wqj Awbivc` GgAvi (mviwy 5) Gi gv b n Q, 12 kzvsk gwnjv GgAvi-cieZ x RwUjZvq fv Mb Ges G Rb nvmcvzvj ev wk wb K Zv wbim b wpwkrmv bb (mviwy Z `Lv bv nqwb) GwU me wbgœ wnmve Kbbv wkqz msl K gwnjv G ai bi cwiw wz Z wpwkrmv bb bv GgAvi cöwk YcÖvß mev cö`vbkvix `i Øviv Ges ^v Ki cwi e k Kiv n j RwUjZvi h nvi `Lv hvq Zvi P q G nvi ewk *4-6 ` k K Zv msl K Awbivc` GgAvi m úvw`z n Q G Z_ Zv eys Z mvnvh K i *GKwU i vb WvgvBRW Kb UªvjW BKzBf v jý M elyvq hlv b g vbyqvj f vkzqvg A vmwc ikb e envi K i Wv³vi Ges ga g ch v qi mev cö`vbkvixiv cö_g wzb gv m mev cö`vb K i Qb mlvbkvi cövß Z_ g Z `Lv hv Q, RwUjZvi nvi `wÿy Avwd«Kvq cviqv M Q k~b _ K 14 Ges wf qzbv g GK `kwgk 2 _ K GK `kwgk 4 kzvsk

AbvKvw ÿz Mf aviy I Rb wb ivak c wzi e env i cwiez b ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz Ges GgAv ii msl v wbiƒcy Ges mg qi e eav b Gme wel q cwiez bi aib eys Z n j Zv AbvKvw ÿz Mf aviy, RbDe izv, Rb wb iva Ki e envi Ges cwievi cwikíbv c wzi Ac~Y Pvwn`vi cö vc U eys Z n e 2010 mv j evsjv ` k gvu Mf avi Yi nvi wqj cöwz GK nvrvi cörbb g eq mi gwnjvi Î 160 Ges AbvKvw ÿz Mf 74 Rb (mviwy 5) me Mf avi Yi g a AbvKvw ÿz Mf avi Yi AbycvZ 1995 _ K 2010 mv ji g a mvgvb e w c q QÑ 44 _ K 46 kzvsk GwU m ez G Rb h, 1995 mv j ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi cök Z msl vi P q Kg wnmve ei Kiv n qwqj IB mvgvb e w n Z cv i K wîg 2010 mv ji ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz Ges GgAv ii msl v 10wU Mf avi Yi g a GKRb GwU mw wjzfv e mgmö AbvKvw ÿz M f i cövq A a K (wdmvi 1) AbvKvw ÿz M f i Kvi Y AcwiKwíZ R b i AbycvZ 1995 mv ji Zzjbvq ^í cwigv Y n«vm c q QÑ 23 _ K 18 kzvsk Mf avi Yi nvi MZ 15 eq i cöwz GK nvrvi cörbb g gwnjvi Î 186 _ K 160-G n«vm c q Q A_ vr 14 kzvsk AbvKvw ÿz M f i nvii G 15 eq ii g a K g Q wkš Zv K g Q AZ ší axi MwZ ZÑ cöwz GK nvrvi cörbb g gwnjvi Î 82 _ K 74-G n«vm c q Q Ges n«v mi cwigvy 10 kzvsk (mviwy 5) AvaywbK Rb wb ivak c wz e env ii nvi (Prevalence) 1996-1997 mv j weevwnz gwnjv `i Î Av MI wkqzuv ewk wqj A_ vr 42 kzvsk 2011 mv j Zv e o 52 kzvs k DbœxZ n q Q (mviwy 6) G mg qi g a weevwnz gwnjviv mbvzb c wz e envi K i Qb hw`i G c wzi e _ Zvi nvi ewk ZeyI Gi e envikvix n Q 8 _ K 11 kzvsk c wz e envi eü Kivi welqwu LyeB mvaviy 2007 _ K 2011 mvj ch ší Gi cwigvy n«vm c q Q 2011 mv j evsjv `k WgMÖvwd A vû nj_ mv f i cövß Z_ g Z, 36 kzvsk weevwnz gwnjv vqx c wz Qvov Ab c wz e envi K ib Zviv Zv 12 gv mi g a B e envi eü K ib GwU h_vµ g 2004 Ges 2007 mv ji Zzjbvq n«vm c q h_vµ g 57 I 49 kzvsk n q Q 10 mme gwnjv Rb wb ivak c wzi Ac~Y Pvwn`v Abyfe K i Qb* Zv `i Ae v 1997 _ K 2007 mvj ch ší cwiewz Z n q Q G cwiez bi MwZavivi my úózv *gwnjv `i Rb wb iva Ki Ac~Y Pvwn`v i q Q hw` gwnjv ev Pv`v b mÿg Ges weevwnzv A_P Kvb c wz e envi K ib bv A_ev AvMvgx `yõeqi mg qi g a A_ev KLbB Avi ev Pv bv Pvb wqj bv 2007-2011 mvj bvmv` G Ac~Y Pvwn`vi nvi 17 _ K 12 kzvsk n«vm c q Q ch v jvpbv G M elyvq evsjv ` ki ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz Ges GgAvi mevi nvjbvmv` Z_ Dc vcb Kiv n q Q Zzjbvg~jK we køl Y `Lv hv Q, 1995 mv ji GKgvÎ RvZxq ch v qi M elyvi Zzjbvq GgAv ii nvi Acwinvh fv e AcwiewZ Z i q Q ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi msl v wbiƒc Yi Rb DbœZZi cwigvck c wz e env ii Kvi Y ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi msl v m ez MZ 15 eq ii Zzjbvq mvgvb cwiewz Z n q Q GgAvi Ges ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi mw wjz msl vb mvwe K Mf cv Zi nvi G wnmv e `Lv hv Q, G nvi evsjv ` k ewkñ 15 _ K 44 eqi eqmx gwnjv `i cöwz nvrv i 37 Rb G nvi 2008 mv j `w Y-ga Gwkqvi `k jvi Zyjbvq (cöwz nvrv i 26 Rb) ewk Z e `w Y-c~e Gwkqvi `k jvi m ½ mvgäm c~y Ñ cöwz nvrv i 36 Rb) 34 2008 mv ji Zzjbvq 2010 mv ji cövß wnmve Abyhvqx evsjv ` k `w Y-ga Ges `w Y-c~e Gwkqvi `k jvi P q AbvKvw ÿz M f i msl v ewk G msl v evsjv ` k cöwz nvrv i cörbb g eq mi gwnjvi Î 74 Ges `w Y-ga I `w Y-c~e Gwkqvq h_vµ g 56 I 66 Rb 35 d j G Z_ wb ` k K i, evsjv ` k AwaKZi fv jv Rb wb ivak mev AMÖvwaKvi wfwë Z `qv cö qvrb GgAvi mev Ges ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cvz mev hv gwnjviv wb q _v Kb Zv AbvKvw ÿz M f i cövq A a K gwnjviv Mf wb ivak mevi Z_ Ges YMZ gvb m úbœ mev c Z h evavi m ylxb nb m jv n«v mi cö qvrbxq c` c MÖnY Ki Z n e hw`i evsjv ` k weevwnz gwnjv `i Î AvaywbK Rb wb ivak c wzi e envi 1996-1997 _ K 2011 mv j 42 _ K e o 52 kzvs k DbœxZ n q Q ZeyI c wz e env ii ÿ Î A bk welq AbvKvw ÿz Mf mâv i mnvqk f wgkv cvjb Ki Q mwu n jv 2011 mv ji `Lv M Q, 9 kzvsk weevwnz gwnjv mbvzb c wz e envi K i Qb 12 kzvsk Kv bv Rb wb ivak c wzb e envi K ib bv A_P Zviv wkmwmib Kv bv mšívb Pvb bv Ges hme AvaywbK c wz 80 kzvsk e envi Ki Qb m jv n jv KbWg, Lvevi ewo Ges Bb RKkb Ab vb AwaK Kvh Ki c wzi Zzjbvq hgbñ AvBBDwW, Bgcøv U Ges eü vkiy Gi e _ Zv AwaK AvaywbK Rb wb ivak c wzi e envi e w c q Q 2007 _ K 2011 mv ji g a Gi Av M A bk eq i Zgb Kv bv e w N Uwb d j `Lv hv Q, DbœZZi Rb wb ivak mev cö`v bi Rb wewb qv Mi wekí bb Ges Zv wewb qvm g~j eva e w i K_vB Zz j a i 12

13 evsjv ` k gwnjv `i cörbb ^v mevi Dbœq b mikvwi- emikvwi Ges e w³ ch v qi mev cö`vbkvix `i gva g wbivc` GgAvi mev iæz c~y Ae`vb ivl Q GgAvi mev cö`vb ïiæ n q Q më ii `k Ki cö_g w` K Ges 1990 `k Ki gvsvgvws bvmv` Gi ` Zv e w c q Q A_P m úöwz `Lv hv Q, hme cwievi Kj vy cwi`k xkviv Aem i wm q Qb Zv `i wecix Z bzzb `i ch vß cöwk Y `qv nqwb, GgbwK mvwe Kfv e mev cö`vbkvix `i msl vi evov bv nqwb G M elyvi dj _ K GgAvi mevi cövwß (Reach) Ges Gi e vwß (Coverage) I mevi YMZ gv bi h e eavb i q Q Zv ei Kivi Póv Kiv n q Q evsjv ` ki h me ^v mev cöwzôvb I hme K `ª _ K GgAvi mev cö`vb Kiv m e m jvi GK-Z Zxqvs kib cöwkw Z mev cö`vbkvix bb Ges cö qvrbxq hš cvwzi Afve i q Q GQvov RwUjZvi D P nvi wb ` k K i, wkqz msl K mev cö`vbkvixi h_vh_ cöwk Y ev AwfÁZvi Afve i q Q Ges hme gwnjviv GgAvi mev wb Z G m wd i hvb Zvi KviY jv (Zv n Z cv i wewfbœ Kvi Y hgbñ Kv bv mšívb bb, Kg eqm, AweevwnZ A_ev weevwnz `i Î ^vgxi m wz bb) wb ` k K i, mev cö`vbkvixiv mev MÖnxZv `i diz `qvi mgq Zv `i Ici e w³mz g~j eva Pvwc q `b A_P G mev cövwß Zv `i AwaKvi 37 m e vcwi Awbivc` GgAviRwbZ RwUjZvi D P nvi GKwU D Ø Mi welq g vbyqvj f vkzqvg A vmwc ik bi gva g cöwk YcÖvß mev cö`vbkvix `i w` q ^v m Z cwi e k GgAvi Kiv n j RwUjZv `Lv `qvi Avk¼v LyeB Kg 4-6 G jv wpwýz Kivi Rb M elyv cö qvrb M elyvq `Lv DwPZ RwUjZvi aib Ges Gi cöpêzv ev fqvenzv Kvb& Kvb& we kl mev cö`vbkvix `i ÿ Î ewk, bv Kvb& Kvb& we kl mev cö`vbkvix nvmcvzvj ev wk wb Ki Î RwUjZvi nvi ewk Zv Rvbv MZ `k K GgAvi Kvh µ gi Rb cöwk Y, hš cvwz I Avbylw½K mieiv ni Rb Avw_ K e e vcbvi n«vm-e w m ez GgAvi mevi YMZ gvb Kgv Z mnvqk f wgkv cvjb K i Q 10 hme gwnjv `i nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk _ K Mf cvzciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv mev bqvi cö qvrb wqj Zv `i g a gvî 40 kzvsk G mev wb q Q G Z_ wb ` k K i, we kl K i Mwie Ges MÖv gi gwnjv `i Rb Mf cvzciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv mev Dbœq bi cö qvrbxzvi K_v Kbbv Zv `ib G ai bi RwUjZvq AvµvšÍ niqvi Avk¼v ewk 38 evsjv ` ki Ae vb Gw`K w` q AmvaviY h, GLv b e w³gvwjkvbvaxb cöwzôvb ev cövb fu m±i, mikvwi mevi g ZvB Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi mev cö`v bi ÿ Î iæz c~y Ae`vb ivl Q Ab w` K `Lv hv Q, 2010 mv j m úvw`z me GgAvi mevi cövq `yb-z Zxqvsk mikvwi nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk, GbwRI jv GK- PZz_ vsk Ges evwk cö`vb Ki Q e w³gvwjkvbvaxb cöwzôvb jv M elyvi G Z_ wb ` k K i, mikvwi I emikvwiñ Dfq ch v qb Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wpwkrmv mevi YMZ gvb Dbœq bi Rb Z`viwK Rvi`vi Kiv LyeB Riæwi Awbivc` Mf cv Zi e vck e vwßi (Prevalence) Kvi Y cörbb g eq mi gwnjv Ges mvaviy RbMY K GgAvi m ú K mwvk wk v A_ vr mevi mnrjf Zv, Kv_v _ K G mev cö`vb Kiv nq I Kvb mgqmxgvi g a G mev bqv h Z cv i m wel q eo ai bi cöqvm bqvi cö qvrbxqzv i q Q mxgve Zv G M elyvk g h c wz Ges DcvË e eüz n q Q m jvi wkqy mxgve Zv i q Q G M elyvq AvcbvAvcwb Mf cv Zi RwUjZv wb q hviv wpwkrmv wb q Qb Zv `i msl v wnmve Kivi Rb Avwki `k Ki w` K Dbœqbkxj `k jv Z cwipvwjz wk wbk ch v qi M elyv Dcv Ëi Ici wbf i Kiv n q Q hw`i Zzjbvg~jKfv e gwnjv `i ˆRe ˆewkó I kvixwik cwiez bmg~n AcwieZ bkxj evsjv ` ki gwnjv `i Î Zv Kv bv bv Kv bvfv e wfbœ n Z cv i Ges MZ 25 eq i Gi cwiez bi N U _vk Z cv i AwfÁZvjä Z _ i Afv e h gwnjviv Awbivc` Mf cvz Kwi q Qb I RwUjZvq fy M Qb Ges nvmcvzvj ev wk wbk _ K wpwkrmv mev bqvi cö qvrb wqj wkš Zv bbwb Zv `i msl v ei Kivi Rb h Yb (Multipiler) e envi Kiv n q Q Zv g~jz ^v ckvrxex `i aviyvi Ici wfwë K i Kiv n q Q GQvov nj_ d vwmwjwu _ K msm nxz Dcv Ë wkqyuv n ji fyj _vk Z cv i G Rb h, GwU cöv jb Ges bgybvi Ici wfwë K i Kiv n q Q Dciš G M elyv Ges bgybv Pqb c wz RvZxqfv e cöwzwbwaz Ki Z m g Ggbfv e Kiv n q Q hw`i nj_ d vwmwjwu mv f Z mev K `ª _ K Z_ bqvi mgq DËi `vzvi Kv Q `ywu wel q cwi vi DËi bqvi Póv Kiv n q Q Zv n jv- GgAvi-cieZ x RwUjZv Ges Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZv wb q fwz i msl v Gi wkqy ciez x RwUjZv GgAvi RwUjZv wn m e wpwýz n Z cv i ZvB hw` nq Zvn j GgAvi RwUjZvi wnmve wkqy e o hv e Ges Ab w` K Mf cvz-ciez x RwUjZvi wnmve K g hv e Ae k l G K_v ejv hvq, cwiewz Z GAvBwmGg c wz e env ii d j `ke vcx m úvw`z AvBbewnf Z A_P wbivc` Mf cv Zi msl vi wnmve K g Avm Z cv i ZvB hw` nq Zvn j evsjv ` k Mf cv Zi nvi ez gvb cöe Ü hv `Lv bv n q Q Gi P q e o hv e GgAvi mevi AvÛviwi cvwu s m úwk Z Z_ AcÖZzjÑ GwU mevi Rvbv d j AvÛviwi cvwu s mgš^q Kivi Rb h Yb e envi Kiv n q Q m jv Kej KvQvKvwQ msl v cök Zc GwU GKwU i Ykxj wnmvei e U

Dcmsnvi evsjv ` k ^cö Yvw`Z Mf cv Zi cwigvy Kgv bvi Rb iæz c~y Dcvq n Q GgAvi mevi gvb Dbœqb Kbbv evsjv ` ki cövq A jb Awbivc` Mf cvz n Q Zv g~jz iæzi ^v MZ RwUjZv m wó Ki Z cv i gwnjviv Kb GgAvi mev wb Qb bvñ G M elyvq Gi K qkwu KviY wpwýz Kiv m e n q Q G jvi g a i q Q mevi D P g~j, MvcbxqZvi Afve, AmyweavRbK mevi mgq I vb Ges cök Z A _ A_ev aviyvekz wkqy ÿ Î wbgœgv bi mev GQvov 2007 mv ji evsjv `k WgMÖvwd A vû nj_ mv f i Z _ `Lv hvq, 19 kzvsk weevwnz gwnjviv Rv bb bv, evsjv ` k GgAvi mev Aby gvw`z 10 cök Z NUbv GB h, kl gvwm Ki cö_g w`b _ K ïiæ K i 8-10 mßv ni g a GgAvi mev Aby gvw`z GwU wewfbœ mev cö`vbkvixi Ici wbf ikxj Gi A_ GB h, A bk gwnjvb G mgqmxgvi evb i Ges Gi Rb GgAvi mev wb Z Avi cvi eb bv 2010 mv ji wnmv e `Lv hv Q, 26 kzvsk gwnjv `i mev K `ª _ K mev bv w` q diz `qv n q Q Ges hme K `ª _ K GgAvi mev cö`vb Kivi K_v Gi g a gvî 57 kzvsk Zv K i Q 37 G Z_ h w`k jv wb ` k K i Zv n Q mevi YMZ gv bi Dbœqb Ges mevi mnrjf Zv e w i cö qvrbxqzv G ai bi Dbœqb cök Z A _ B Awbivc` Mf cvz Kgv bvi Î cöfve we Ívi Ki Z m g G ÿ Î evsjv `k mikvimn Ab vb mswkøó Mvôx hviv gwnjv ^v i Dbœq bi Rb DwØMœ, hgbñ Awae³v (Advocate), mev cö`vbkvix, bxwz-wba vik Ges cwikíbv cöyqbkvix `i Kv Q welqwui AwaK cövavb cviqv DwPZ REFERENCES 1. Amin S, Menstrual regulation in Bangladesh, in: Basu AM, ed., The Sociocultural and Political Aspects of Abortion, Westport, CT, USA: Praeger, 2003, pp. 153-166. 2. World Health Organization (WHO), Safe Abortion: Technical and Policy Guidance for Health Systems, Geneva: WHO, 2003. 3. WHO, Safe Abortion: Technical and Policy Guidance for Health Systems,second ed., Geneva: WHO, 2012. 4. Goldberg AB et al., Manual versus electric vacuum aspiration for early first-trimester abortion: a controlled study of complication rates, Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2004, 103(1):101-107. 5. Warriner IK et al., Rates of complication in first-trimester manual vacuum aspiration abortion done by doctors and mid-level providers in South Africa and Vietnam: a randomised controlled equivalence trial, Lancet, 2006, 368(9551):1965-1972. 6. Wen J et al., Manual versus electric vacuum aspiration for firsttrimester abortion: a systematic review, BJOG, 2008, 115(1):5-13. 7. Singh S et al., Estimating the level of abortion in the Philippines and Bangladesh, International Family Planning Perspectives, 1997, 23(3): 100-107 & 144. 8. Henshaw SK, Singh S and Haas T, The incidence of abortion worldwide, International Family Planning Perspectives, 1999, 5(Suppl.):S30-S38. 9. Johnston HB and Westoff C, Examples of model-based approaches to estimating abortion, in: Singh S, Remez L and Tartaglione A, eds., Methodologies for Estimating Abortion Incidence and Abortion-Related Morbidity, New York: Guttmacher Institute; and Paris: International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, 2010, pp. 49-62. 10. National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra and Associates, and Macro International, Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2007, Dhaka, Bangladesh: NIPORT and Mitra and Associates; and Calverton, MD, USA: Macro International, 2009. 11. NIPORT, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International, Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2011: Preliminary Report, Dhaka, Bangladesh: NIPORT and Mitra and Associates; and Calverton, MD, USA: ICF International, 2012. 12. WHO et al., Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2008, Geneva: WHO, 2010. 13. NIPORT, Bangladesh Maternal Mortality and Health Care Survey 2010: Summary of Key Findings and Implications, Dhaka, Bangladesh: NIPORT, 2011. 14. NIPORT et al., Bangladesh Maternal Health Services and Mortality Survey, 2001, Dhaka, Bangladesh: NIPORT, 2003. 15. Chowdhury ME et al., Causes of maternal mortality decline in Matlab, Bangladesh, Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition, 2009, 27(2):108-123. 14