HSSCI 21 - LIFE SCIENCE 1- BIOLOGY Total Hrs Lecture 50.00 Total Hrs Lab 0.00 Total Course Hrs 50.00 Total Student Hrs 99.50 High School Credits 5.00 COURSE DESCRIPTION This introductory biology course covers the basics of cell biology, including cellular organization, cellular transport systems, cellular metabolism, and the requirements for life. The course also introduces genetics, including the structure and functions of DNA, Mendelian genetics, probability, and cellular reproduction. ENROLLMENT RESTRICTIONS PREREQUISITES COREQUISITES ADVISORIES OUTLINE OF COURSE CONTENT The course will address the following topics: I. Scientific investigation and experimentation A. The Scientific method B. Experimental design C. Collection and analysis of data D. Graphing data and interpretation of results E. Experimental error F. Hypothesis, models, theories, laws G. Lab safety. II. Living things A. Characteristics of living thing B. Experiments of Redi and Pasteur C. Spontaneous generation D. Needs of living things E. Autotrophs vs. heterotrophs F. Unicellular vs. multicellular organisms G. Stimulus and response H. Growth, development, and reproduction I. Homeostasis. III. Classifying organisms A. Taxonomy B. Binomial nomenclature C. Linnaeus D. Levels of classification E. Domains and kingdoms. IV. Cell biology A. Experiments of Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow B. Light and electron microscopes C. The microscope and its usage D. Cell structures and their functions (organelles) E. Plant cells vs. animal cells F. Specialization of cells G. Prokaryote vs. eukaryote. Page 1 of 6
V. Chemical compounds in cells A. Elements and compounds B. Organic and inorganic compounds C. Biologically important molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) D. Enzymes. VI. Transport systems A. Diffusion B. Osmosis C. Active transport and passive transport D. Transport proteins E. Engulfing. VII. Photosynthesis A. Autotroph vs. heterotroph B. Sources of energy C. Two stages of photosynthesis D. Photosynthesis equation. VIII. Cellular respiration A. Breathing and respiration B. Two stages of respiration C. Respiration equation D. Comparing photosynthesis and cellular respiration E. Lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation. IX. Cell division- the cell cycle A. Interphase B. Mitosis C. Cytokinesis. X. Genetics: The Science of Heredity A. The structure of DNA B. DNA replication C. Watson, Crick, Franklin, Wilkins D. DNA, chromosomes, genes, nitrogen bases. XI. Mendel and his work A. Heredity and genetics B. Genes and alleles C. Purebred and hybrids D. Genotype and phenotype E. Homozygous vs. heterozygous F. Crossing pea plants-mendel s experimental set up and results G. Punnett squares and the results of a cross H. Dominant and recessive genes I. The significance of Mendel s work. XII. Probability and heredity A. Principles of heredity B. Mathematical probability C. Independence of events Page 2 of 6
D. Predicting probabilities. XIII. The cell and inheritance A. Chromosome pairs B. Genes on chromosomes C. Sutton and his experiments. XIV. Meiosis A. Process B. Meiosis and punnett squares C. Meiosis vs. mitosis. XV. Genetic code A. Genes and chromosomes B. DNA and base pairs C. The role of RNA, mrna, trna. XVI. Protein synthesis A. Transcription B. Translation C. Genetic mutations. XVII. Human inheritance A. Single genes with two alleles B. Single genes with multiple alleles C. Traits controlled by multiple genes D. Codominance E. Incomplete dominance F. Heredity and the environment. XVIII. Sex chromosomes A. Male vs. female B. Fertilization C. Sex-linked genes D. Colorblindness. XIX. Human genetic disorders A. Cystic fibrosis B. Sickle-cell disease C. Hemophilia D. Down Syndrome. XX. Managing genetic disorders A. Pedigrees B. Karyotypes C. Genetic counseling. XXI. Selective breeding A. Inbreeding B. Hybridization. XXII. Cloning A. Dolly B. Cloning procedure Page 3 of 6
C. Moral and ethical issues. XXIII. Genetic engineering (biotechnology) A. In bacteria B. In other organisms C. Gene therapy D. Concerns about genetic engineering. XXIV. Recent advances in human genetics A. Human Genome Project B. DNA fingerprinting. XXV. Darwin A. The voyage of the Beagle B. Darwin s observations C. Diversity D. Fossils. XXVI. Galapagos organisms A. Comparison to South American organisms B. Comparisons among the islands C. Adaptations. XXVII. Evolution A. Darwin s reasoning B. Selective breeding C. Natural selection D. Overproduction E. Variation F. Competition G. Selection H. Environmental change I. Genes and natural selection. XXVIII. Evidence of evolution A. Fossils B. Similarities of early development C. Homologous structures. XXIX. Evolutionary relationships among species A. Similarities in DNA B. Combining evidence C. Branching trees D. New species. XXX. Fossils A. Petrified fossils B. Molds and casts C. Preserved remains D. Relative dating E. Radioactive/ carbon dating F. Fossil record G. Extinct organisms H. Geologic Time Scale. XXXI. Mass extinctions A. Gradualism B. Punctuated equilibria. Page 4 of 6
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to do the following: 1. Explain the goal of science and describe the scientific method 2. Read and interpret a data table or graph 3. Identify living things vs. nonliving things and describe their basic characteristics 4. Analyze the structure and function of various cells and their organelles 5. Compare and contrast plant and animal cells 6. Explain the process of mitosis 7. Explain the use of classification systems, binomial nomenclature, and list the seven major classification groups 8. Explain how autotrophs and heterotrophs obtain their food source 9. Differentiate between prokaryotes and eukaryotes 10. Identify biologically important molecules 11. Compare biological transport systems (diffusion, osmosis, active transport, etc.) 12. Analyze and compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration 13. Analyze fermentation 14. Describe the structure of DNA 15. Solve DNA replication problems 16. Describe the experimental methods of Mendel 17. Differentiate the genetic principles of dominance, segregation, and independent assortment 18. Solve genetics problems using a Punnett square 19. Explain the chromosome theory of heredity and apply principles of genetics to human heredity 20. Differentiate between phenotypes and genotypes 21. Solve probability problems 22. Describe transcription and translation and show an understanding of genetic mutations 23. Understand the genetic factors underlying cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, sickle-cell disease, and down syndrome 24. Describe how breeding techniques affect plant and animal populations 25. Examine the techniques used in genetic engineering and learn about recent innovations 26. Discuss the process of evolution and the evidence that supports it 27. Demonstrate safety and sanitary lab practices in the use of lab equipment 28. Demonstrate the ability to do independent laboratory work 29. Select and use appropriate tools and technology (such as computer-linked probes, spreadsheets, and graphing calculators) to perform tests, collect data, analyze relationships, and display data 30. Identify and communicate sources of unavoidable experimental error 31. Identify possible reasons for inconsistent results, such as sources of error or uncontrolled conditions 32.Formulate explanations by using logic and evidence 33. Solve scientific problems using metric units 34. Distinguish between hypothesis and theory as scientific terms 35. Recognize the usefulness and limitations of models and theories as scientific representations of reality 36. Recognize the issue of statistical variability and the need for controlled tests 37. Recognize the cumulative nature of scientific evidence 38. Analyze situations and solve problems that require combining and applying concepts from more than one area of science 39. Investigate and debate a science-based societal issue. ASSIGNMENTS Assignments will be consistent with, but not limited by, the following types and examples: 1). Analyze and interpret data obtained during in class laboratory experiments 2). Generate, read, and interpret graphs and data tables 3). Read and interpret current research studies related to the course material 4). Maintain an organized notebook including all labs, lecture notes, homework, and vocabulary lists. Outside-of-class assignments are required and may include, but will not be limited to, the following types and examples: 1). Make flash cards and learn the pertinent vocabulary related to the course material such as cell organelles 2). Read chapter text and outline the key concepts using supplemental chapter outline packets, for example what are the main types of cellular transport systems" 3). Write essays related to the course content and documentation of lab procedures and observations Page 5 of 6
4). Maintain an organized notebook including all labs, lecture notes, homework, and vocabulary lists. STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES Learning Outcome 1. Students will be able to explain the goals of science and describe and analyze the steps of the scientific methods as they relate to biology and biology laboratories. 2. Students will understand the concepts of cellular respiration and photosynthesis, and be able compare and contrast these concepts. 3. Students will be able to read, interpret, analyze and evaluate a chart, graph, or data table and answer questions based upon their understanding of biology and the information provided in the table, graph, and/ or chart. Mode of Assessment 1. Laboratory experiments and lab reports 2. Examination multiple choice, completion, true and false, and essay questions 3. Examination short answer questions based upon a chart, graph, or chart related to course subject matter and post lab write up of "Bottle Biology" lab. METHODS OF INSTRUCTION Instructional methodologies will be consistent with, but not limited by, the following types or examples: 1). Instructor lectures 2). Laboratory experiments 3). Class demonstrations. METHODS OF EVALUATION Evaluation methodologies will be consistent with, but not limited by, the following types or examples: 1). Written exams which include essay questions to test for content, terminology, and knowledge of subject matter 2). Post laboratory lab reports to assess knowledge and understanding of major scientific concepts 3). Daily brainteasers to assess smaller individual concepts and terminology 4). Laboratory write-up and exam questions to assess students ability to read, interpret, or construct a data table or graph based on course related data 5). Participation of in-class discussions related to course material and lecture topic. REQUIRED TEXTBOOKS Examples of typical textbooks for this course include the following: 1). Prentice Hall Science Explorer. Life Science. Pearson-Prentice Hall, 2005. ISBN: 0-13-190119-2 OTHER REQUIRED INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS 1). Instructor supplied supplemental written materials (labs, chapter packets, worksheets) 2). Index cards. COURSE REPEATABILITY Total Completions Allowed: In Combination With: 1 Page 6 of 6