13 h Wl f hqk ii V,, 1, P N 131 VIITION O OVY PO UND TH GT HNHIN-WJI THQUK DIT D ON TH OVY INDX (I) Yk KTNI 1, H HYHI UMMY Thi Kb iiz' lif i h f h G Hhi- wji hqk Di i I ( I) I hi h, h w lif l lif i, I b i b i k f ffiil ii ii f Kb J l, i h i f i i l li b I b ill, i i lif h h h i h i h, J5-5, O5 -, O - J, h lif ii i h i h i l, i i f h h i h l h biliz INTODUTION ii k i Hhi-wji hqk i li M h ih h i h hqk I l h w il h f h fil, h i, h f Hhi wji hqk Pl P, w q hi h ii k, h hi i h hqk fw h i f h 1 I Db, h iii f H Pf, h ff b h i, fl "Hhi-wji hqk Pl il Th-Y Pi P" i f wih h l f h f h [1] Thi fi iz h bi k f h ii h, h ii f f hii h ii k h j b il b h f i h Th i k, i i, i lib h ii f h hl b fw f h " l" h "l l" l, i h H Pf "L i-y Pi P" [], j whih h b h b w w b l ( ii : j, j f h : 73 billi ) Kb i, ii i 1 f h i, will l il Vifii (i il) f hi fil I hi, h i bj, i, i bjil h f 1 h i, G hl f ii, K Uii, J Pf, Di Pi h Ii, K Uii, J
h i-ik, fi h l f, w h w h l Viwi q f i h T lz h i w h f, w q, fi f ll, h f h i-ik i lif bji I Kb i hqk Di Vifii [3], [], whih w il i, "h f Lif i", i h i fi h f lif i, wih ifii, i i h ifi h: "wh i lif i?" i h fi l I li h bi f lif i i h i h fllwi : "Lif i" h l iwii i wih h k i "Kb i hqk Di Vifii" Th bi i hw i i 1 Th fi hw h h h f if, h bi i i h f f h i, h b l, h i f il h h i, ilizi f i ll-iz i, ll f whih ifl h i f h ii lif I ii, h ii lif ilf ifi bl wih lif i, whih fh li h f "lif i" Th i h, f hi, i i iffil fi "lif i" i h, h i l b il f I l k i l h f f lif i, i, "hi", "il wk", "lilih", " b", "i ", " ", "l " i h i b if i hi iffil--fi h f lif i il, i i h lif i, i i i h w k lif h Lif hbilii f ii ilizi f M i ll-iz i i f h i li f if i 1 i f Lif i [3], [] : Kb i hqk Di Vifii: f Lif i f qifii wih i i h lif i Ki l () [5] h I (I) h k h b i i, li h f Pl' Lif Ii (PLI) w h f Kb i i h f f h hqk, i 1 f ii ii l, h ifl f h Hhi-wji hqk Di i Kb i l b hl lif i f i i w f: h iz f il f h i h f fw W l h i iw f h i i h i, i i, il i h i I ii h, hw, h i h fllwi w qi: 1) i I, h l lif h i w : h h il f h hqk, b h ll bf h hqk (wi ), h h
h ll bf h hqk (l ) wh k f ii h? ) I ih, h i biliz wih i whh i i wi (i, i h ll bf h hqk ) I iil bl ill b wh h l i? il, i hi, w h I b wih h l i h h il J if h i Kb i i h 7 f h i lifi h ii f wih i f h hqk, w i h f h h f f h i w OUTLIN O MTHOD TO TIMT OVY INDX (I) Viwi f i h lif Gll, blih ii ii l iff i i f ii, h li f i b il il, iz i i, w h f Pl' Lif Ii (PLI) b h il Pli f h i Pli [] PLI w l wih iw i h i f l lif i il wll h l lii ii hii f h ll ii ibi h i f h i qli f lif Th i f i ii h qi: wh i ffl i l? T b i, i lifi i ii ii h hw h i lii ii bjil ill i f lif iii: "wlli", "i", "wki", "bii (hil)", "hli", "li", "li", "ilizi", h qiil b izi h W h hi f PLI i iil h f f lif i h w l i Kb i i h h h lii ii i lif qii il, i hi, w l h h b PLI f izi i ii ii lli h f iz Th iz i h l b b izi h f i h h f h bl l f h f i i h h i h f h ql 1, b i h f i f h h lil, i h ll f h f h (h, Db 1) 1 Th h iz h i l blw ) lli f f i i () il, lif h h f lli i w b h hii f i i D i (), ll h f i i () Th f i f h f i wih h D i () 1: wh h i i i h l ll ilf i ( ) = Di( ) Di( 1) 1 Di( ) + Di( 1) [1-] wh D i (): h, i: b, : i, i (): f i : wh h i i l i l i () = D i ()-D i (-1) [1-b] b) lli f izi f ( i )
N i( ) i = = N 1 [] wh N: Nb f i i i h izi I hi, h f izi i h f 1 h f il 1 Db 1, h N=1, i : izi f (wih f bl l f f i) ) lli f iz f i ( i ()) i( ) i( ) = [3] i wh i (): iz f i (izi f f i) ) lli f iz ( i ()) i i () f h f i i 1 (%), ll i () wih h fllwi fl i h iz f i i ()) I hi, w h f i Db 1, h i h f h f h G Hhi wji hqk, h i (Db ) =1 (%) 1: + i( ) i( ) = i( 1) [-] i( ) : i ( ) = i( 1) + i( ) [-b] wh i (): izi l [-] b fl h h h f i f i () wih h iz f i i (), i b wi h fllwi fl i ( ) = i( ) i( 1) 1 i( ) + i( 1) [-'] Dfiii f (I) i () (b) hw h l l f (I) i hi i 1,, i i (), hw h l ii f l f i ii f h hqk i i h Hw, ll h h f l l i 1,, f h hqk b ib h ifl f h hqk l, wh h i hi h, h h f h whl i ili h i-ik ff i w h h h i I h, h l l f i ii ii f h w f: h i h Thf, i h i ifl f h hqk, i i h h h h i wl h hw wh h w i, lii h ifl f il ii b h f h h h l i h h i h whl ili h W h h l i ii i f h ih h hw if h w hqk wl i h i,,, h l f ii i f h i i h Th i, w h h iz i,, f i ii ii i h wl b ifl b h i i i hl, wl i h i h f i w h ii ii iz
i,,, i h wl i h h f, h f i Thf, h I f h b f h fl [5] I, = i1,, i,, [5] I hi, w i,, h l f h f h i-ik, h i, h l f h whl i li h i-ik hw i i (b) h hw h ii f I, wh h ll f i il i i h i ql h i h f, h I b hw h h i h h h h ll f h Wh h l i lw h h ll f h f, h h ifl f h i i hw i i l, wh h l i hih h h ll, h ifl i hw i ii l h hhi, w ll h i i iw f h ifl f h hqk b il hwi h iff bw h ll f h ii f i h f h f iz I (%) i,, () 1 i 1,, ff + hbilii I (b) - Mh I, i l l f I QUNTIITION O OVY PO IN KO ITY T HNHIN WJI THQUK DIT ili (I) b h h l i h i h, w h ii f i Kb i f h Hhi wji hqk Di Th f il D i () h ii ii h h l b ll b Kb i f i i i w blih i "ii Kb" (il 1 il 1) [7] "D Kb" (Ob 15 J ) [], [] Thi f hl i h 11 h f il 1 J w b h f Kb i W b h il ii i i,,, f I lli f h J ii hl (ii, M ii )" (il 1 Jl ) [1] O f ll h i h iil, w 1 i h llw i bw Kb i h whl i i h Pl f Tbl f il f h i Thi b il h fiil i f 1 ii
1 w i H Pf whih h bj f hi li W bil h b h i h i-ik, w f i " b" i iw f I W l li 1 i f ii ii i h f 11 h f il 1 J i Kb i, lif h h i bh h bjil qiil h l li h, w l W h, f h bii h, f lifii, q l i f f i f lifii I hi, w h b- h f ll h l l 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó i (1 i) Ti h i (11 h) i (1 i) (11 h) Ph I Ph II Ph III i l I I l i l I I l i l I I l i l I I l () l li i f Ti (b) l li i f I i 3 P i P 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó i (1 i) Ti h i (11 h) i (1 i) (11 h) Ph I Ph II Ph III i l I I l i l I I l i l I I l i l I I l 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó i (1 i) Ti h i (11 h) i (1 i) (11 h) Ph I Ph II Ph III 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó 1 Ó i (1 i) Ti h i (11 h) i (1 i) (11 h) Ph I Ph II Ph III i l I I l i l I I l i l I I l i l I I l i l I I l i l I I l i l I I l i l I I l () l li i f Ti (b) l li i f I i 3 P i P
T h h f wih i h i h f h i, w lz h i h fllwi w i 3 () (b) hw ii i f h f h li; h hizl i f h 1 i, h il i h (11 h) Th f li i fllw W fi l li i f i hw i i 3 (), hw h l wih l i h wihi h f 11 h h bf f h hqk, h i h Th, hw i i 3 (b), w h l i h i h i i 3 (), i whih f h 1 i il i h ill, w iw h i h hqk i b h l ) h f wih i (i f i h) il, i h i h h h wih 1 i w hh i h f il 1 J, w l li i f i (f i 3 ()) Th l h hizl i i h fi iili h l Th ll h l i, h h iili, h l h l, h l h iili i Tbl 1 h bl whih hw h l f i h ii iil 1 i i Kb i b iili (i) Th h h, whih il 1 i, w hh h i f h Ph h f il 1 Db 1, h i, f h bii f h iil il j bf h f h G Hhi-wji hqk Di f h i f 1 i, i, h bj f hi li,, h hw h h hqk bh b iifi h h i ii f h i f h wih i Ph I h f J 15 b 15, whih h f fi il f h hqk I h w, h hw h h f i fi b h hqk b i i h f h hqk Ph II h f Ob 15 b 1, whih Tbl 1 Ti Ph f 1 Ⅰ 15- Ⅱ 15-11- Ⅲ 1-1 P h P I P h Ⅱ 5 1 15 5 5 1 1 5 31 51 311 511 31 51 3 1 3 11 3 P 37 h 5 35 3 7 1 3 1 Ⅱ 3 1 71 1 7 11 1 71 7 5 5 3 5 1 11 1 1 3 33 1 31 1 1 1 11 7 P 5 5 h 55 7 53 1 5 5 1 57 Ⅲ 3 51 1 5 11 5 7 7 11 75 1 73 11 77 111 7 1 7 1 71 17 711 11 7 15 1 1 7 11 1 1 13 3 i l f l li i f Ti *1 i Db, 1
h f h- l whih f h f h i, lif h i h i-ik I, w h i h li f h fi f h Ph III h f Ob 1 ill h f h li I, i i h l f h I w, w h w ill i hi h w Th h iii f f h i h W will w fllw h f h h lz h i il i h b) h i wih i Th i h i h i i h h h i i h f h T lif h h i i h h, w l li i f i (f i 3 (b)) Th l hw h h il w ( I), h ( II), i ( III Db ) f i h i h i h T h il i h, w b h ii f h ii i whih bl h f h T b i, b i hl f ll i bli h, w lii h ifl f f h il i f h l f f h i 5 () () hw h w, h i f f h 1 i f ii i i h i b Wh w i h f I hw i i 5 (), h -h f h hqk i lif i w i h iz f i ibl il f h hqk Th f II hw i i 5 (b) l b lif i w : h i whih h ifl f h hqk i iz ll (II-1, II-) h i whih h ifl i iz ll ( h ) (II-3) Th f b fh lif i w b: h h hw h hqk, b w i h ll bf h hqk (II- 1), h h fil h ll bf h hqk (II-) Th l, h h h, l hw lih bf h hqk, hl f h f h hqk, il hw h i i M 1, b i hw lii bf I h b, h f III hw i i 5 () b hl lif i w : h h ll hw h ifl f h hqk (III-1 III) h h hw h ifl ll (III-5, III) III-5 f h l hw h h lii i Kb i w lw b h il bh bf f h hqk III hw l bf h hqk, hl f h f h hqk, il hw h i i M 1, b i hw lii bf O h h h, h i whih ll hw h ifl f h hqk hw h hqk, b h h lif i w : h h hw f h hqk, b h ll bf h hqk (III-1, III-) h h h ll bf h hqk (III-3, III) Th l hw l f h hqk, b l f l whih b bl f h hqk; h w iibl bf h hqk il, h iii k, h ii f ii i il i hi hl b il f h hqk; h h i h will qi fl i I ii h lifii b, h l b lif i w, l ll i h iz f f ibl h il f h hqk Th l h III-1 III-3 w ll b h i wh wih III- III, hh h w l ff b h hqk
()5 (b) ()1 1 1 1 Ⅲ-5 (3) 1 1 1 1 Ⅰ -1 (1) 1 1 Ⅱ-1 () - - -1-1 Ⅰ Ⅰ Ⅱ 1 1 - -1-1 -1-1 3-1 3-1 -1-1 5-1 5-1 7-1 -1-1 -1 1-1 -1-1 3-1 I : ll bl Ⅰ - () 7-1 -1-1 -1 1-1 -1 I : l 1 1 1 - -1 - -1-1 -1 - - -1-1 3-1 -1-1 5-1 5-1 7-1 7-1 -1-1 -1-1 -1-1 1-1 Ⅱ- (7) 3-1 -1 5-1 7-1 -1-1 -1 1-1 (5) Ⅱ-3 1-1 -1-1 bl -1 ll - -1 1 1 1 - -1 1 1 1-1 -1-1 3-1 3-1 -1 Ⅲ-1-1 Ⅲ-3 - -1 Ⅱ-3 1 1 1 - -1 - -1-1 -1-5 -1-1 -5-1 -15 - -5-3 -35 5-5 -1 3-1 5-1 5-1 7-1 7-1 -1-1 -1-1 -1-1 1-1 () Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ -1 Ⅲ - 3-1 3-1 -1 Ⅲ 3-1 -1 Ⅲ -1 5-1 5-1 5-1 5-1 7-1 7-1 7-1 7-1 -1-1 -1-1 -1-1 -1-1 -1-1 -1-1 1-1 () 1-1 (1) 1-1 (13) 1-1 () 1-1 -1-1 -1-1 -1-1 i 5 P f h Ti Ph
b iw f h W h whih i i h i h i h, i h w, wh f i h i il iii i Kb i w hh Tbl () () hw h f i h i h f h i h hw i i 5 () () Th il l hw h ii iil i ID hi ii i hi Th hizl w hw h i h, i i k wh libl I i 5, h b i h h i h ih hw h b f i il i h L i h b f i h i h h h i f h i h ) il b 5 (Ph - I) Tbl () hw h 1 i (7%), i, h ji f i, hw lil lih, whil ii i (%) hw iifi, i h f h hqk Ph I Th i h hw h l l li, li i, ii, i, i i (Hk, Hhi,, Kb Kb Nw Ti) h, h hqk i h if ilf h bh, i h il Th w, hf, bl hi i il f h hqk, whih iifi i h b f h i l li,,5 l, h w 3, f k i Thf, l l l l i f f h i [11] b) il b 5 (Ph -II) Tbl (b) hw h i (73%), whih w lih il f h hqk, h ll bf h hqk b Ph II, whil ii 7 i (3%) iifil il f h hqk, ill h ll bf h hqk fw W l w, whih hw lih bf h hqk, hl f h f h hqk, h il hw h i i M 1, b h lii bf Th i whih hw ll il f h hqk i Ph I h i h h ll bf h hqk i Ph II h i h hw h il f h hqk h i h l h ll bf h hqk i Ph II Th i, h i Ph II i h iz f il f h hqk i Ph I I h hw h w II-3 w: l li, li i, ii, b f l bli lilih, hi h i, i l li h b ifl b h f h, f, i f l wh f h i, f l wh i h i l il b f l bli lilih hi, h l wh w l bli bf h hqk l l h ii f h i Thf, h il il f h ii f h hqk h f bli h l bli h Thi i i i hi, h iii il il f 11, hi i Kb i ) il J (Ph -III) Tbl () hw h (7%) i h ll bf h hqk b h III, l f h iz f il f h hqk, whil 35 i (%) Th l w w h ll hw h ifl f h hqk: h III-5 ii h h
Tbl I b P f h Ti Ph () -5 (b) - () -1 ID 指標項目 Ⅰ-1 Ⅰ- Ⅱ-1 Ⅱ- Ⅱ-3 Ⅲ-1 Ⅲ- Ⅲ-3 Ⅲ Ⅲ-5 Ⅲ 1 Pli(1) Tl N I Nl i 3 N ii Vil ii Li bih 5 Dh Mi 7 Di D l Tl(1ill) i l f i 1 (1il ) L & i 11 i 1 ki f libilii 13 i T 1 (1ill ) I 15 ili i l 1 (1 ) N hi i 17 Pi Tl 1 Ii 1 (1ill ) Lii i Nw jb li i 1 l f L- Tl l il lhi 3 D & b (ill ) i 5 Hhl li li Hhl qi 7 l f L- Tl l il lhi (k) & b 3 (ill ) i 31 Hhl li li 3 Hhl qi 33 W J Tl(1) 3 Pi Tl(1) 35 Hk Tl 3 (1) i 37 kk 3 Ok 3 Hhi Tl (1) Mhi 1 i Mik 3 Tl (1) I 5 Tkii Ti 7 Kb Tl (1) Miw zi 5 Ki-zi 51 Nihi-zi 5 Kb Tl 53 (1) i 5 Mhi 55 Kk-Kb 5 hikihi 57 Kk-N 5 Hkhi Tii(1) 5 Kb Miil Tl bw i 1 (1) Miw Pk hi 3 Mi Gkhi 5 ihi-h Pli Tl 7 (1) i hiibi hiihib 7 kkli Tl 71 (1) ihi 7 Uzki 73 Il 7 Miil Tl 75 f Tl 7 Mhl Lii 77 i Hi 7 (ll Hhl) H & l 7 (1ill) l,lih&w h i & hhl 1 lh & fw Mil 3 Ti & i 5 i & i Oh 7 f Mhl I i & i Dib l ili i Tl 1 W l b U l&if 3 (1 ) if l f 5 l Nw lii fl Mhl i lii 7 (Gl&-i Nw jb i wk) Mhl i jb i l Pl 1 fl i lii 11 (D lb) Nw lii 1 Tl lb 13 l li wh 1 i ii bi llw 15 (Gl l) f bfi 1 l I ii bi llw 17 (D lb) f bfi 1 Pbli Lilih P 1 Tl f i 11 (ill ) Lilif 111 Hi 11 il 113 Mil 11 i Pl i 115 Kw h li 11 li ff 117 L ff 11 Tffi 11 P kill 1 P ij
lii i Kb i w lw b h il ll bf f h hqk h III hwi iil h f II-3 ib b H, w will f w i h ii f Ph II: 1 h whih hw i Ph II, b i Ph III (II-1 III-3 III), h whih hif h w III-5 I h hw h 1 : i, bk i,, i (f), Kb li, L, Miil bw, Miil, i (i), l i (li liibl, l b f ii) ffi (b f, b f ij) Wh w f i i, h b f bk i il i hk h fii k il f h hqk, b l l bki f fiil iii h hqk i h f 1, hlf f h hqk, whih l ff h whl b f bki I Ph III, hh h i b i, i w l i J, wh w Kb i l, h ii f bk i hw I l iil ii i h h if ilf ff i h h h i Whil h fi f h P f Kb w, h h h P f Ykh h P f Tk b i i fi, h bii b il k f i fi i i i h, h li whih hi i f l h iffil i i fw l, W J Hk li h h i hi i I h, i f bi wih i, i f i l f hi h I h hw h f : bl f i, l i, i jb lii il, bh bl f i l & i i Kb i ii hih ll wih h il I i hii h hi h bill bf f h hqk Th b f i jb lii i hih ll wih h il, fli h ffi f h ii k f l h w jb ff w li i (), hw, w h h i i i jb ff il h h f jb b li ff, w h f h i h ff b h hqk [1] i iw f (I) w h i h 3, i, i Ph III, h hlf f h hqk i, h III-1 III, whih il 115 i (%) 1 i, hw h h h h i bl Wh w () () i Tbl, w h i h i h l il Th "bl" h ii whih "hw f h f i i" h iwi, III-1 III- h h ll bf h hqk, hw f, lw i l z (il ) i Ph III III-3 III h ll bf h hqk, b h hw f f l i Ph III h b i "bl" h ii i Kb i b lik " fii" W ii h h f "" " fii" "" lill h h i i ll hl, whil " fii" f ii wh iifi h- i b if h i, b iifi i i ih if h i [13]
Wh w iw h i iw f I b h, Ph I i f iil ii wh ll h l ff b h hqk ii (f l, H Pf Th-Y Pl) hi ll h iff bw lif h Ph II i lik ii wh h i lif w b h fi, b h i il i f hbilii ( ) f-ff i f Ph III i h f fii, i whih h b bl, b l- i i wih hi ifi i i lli h fff h ill i h h i hi l, w hl h bili f I l ii f f h, b w hl h hik h h i i, h l ifi f h ii ifi i w q ONLUION ND OU HLLNG IN UTU I hi, w if h f Kb i i h 7 f h f h Hhi-wji hqk Di il J i i (I) Th f hi i iz fllw 1) T h l- i il f h hqk i i (I), w l (I) b h i 1 ii fiil i f Kb i J ) T ii f h i h 7 f h hqk, w l li i f i l, w f h h w hh i h l blw : il 1 Db 1 I: J 15 b 15 II: Ob 15 b 1 III: Ob 1 J 3) T wh f i h i h b i ), w l li i f i f h h l, w f h h, 3 f i h I, h II, III il f i h i h i h, w h f f i h ) W h w i h fli f i wh w i h i I W hiz h h bili f I l i Ph III hl b ii f f h b h w hl h hik h h i i, h l- ifi f h ii ifi i w q Hw, h f h li f h lii ii f Kb iiz whl, f h ii l I hi, w li 1 i i i li f I i l ll b f il i f h li f h il, hll i f i fll i h b f li, iw wh k f will bl h " f ii" l N 1 H f: Hhi wji hqk Di Pl il Th-Y Pi P - i b M i, 11, (i J) H f: Hhi wji hqk Di Pl L i-y Pi P,, (i J)
3 hqk Vifii G: Kb i hqk Vifii, Gl Pli i,, hqk Hq, Kb i, (i J) H Hhi: Kb i hqk Vifii/Lif i, h f Di i, Di Pi h Ii, K Uii, Thil,, (i J) 5 Yk Ki, H Hhi Yhiki Kw: Pl f Hhi wji hqk Di Ii (I) i Kb i ii ii, lli f Ii f il f i, N, 13-, (i J) il Pli, h i Pli : Pl' Lif Ii, 1, 1 (i J) 7 Gl Pli i, Pli D, Pli ii, Kb i: ii Kb (Mhl), N 5-N 57, 1-1 (i J) Kb i: D Kb Mhl iil Tbl, Ob 15- J (i J) l i, Lb D, H Pf: Mhl H - H Pbli l i Offi ii -, il 1 -J (i J) 1 f ii, M ii : J ii Mhl, il 1- Jl (i J) 11 Kb i: G Hhi wji hqk Di, Kb kk Mzi, (i J) 1 Tk ji: G Hhi wji hqk Di i i, Ki hb, 13, 1 (i J) 13 Mk M: Kih Tk Ni - Khi, J Kih Hiih w Kkh (J, Pi f il Th f h D ff f i f-ff f Tffi ), GU Kikk hb, 3, 1 (i J)