AV2020 20x2 Character 5x7 dots with cursor 1/16 duty +5V single supply Built in Controller (KS0066 or quivalent) B/L driven by pin1 and 2, 15 and 16 or A,K Pin Assignment No. Symbol Function 1 Vss Gnd, 0V 2 Vdd +5V 3 LCD Drive 4 Function Select 5 Read/Write 6 nable Signal 714 DB0DB7 Data Bus Line 15 A* 4.2V for LD 16 K Power Supply for LD 0V Mechanical Data Item Standard Value Unit Module Size 116.0 x 37.0 mm Viewing Area 85.0 x 18.6 mm Dot Size 0.6 x 0.65 mm Character Size 3.2 x 5.55 mm Absolute Maximum Rating Item Symbol Standard Value min. typ. max. Unit VModule VddVss 0.3 7.0 V VInput VI 0.3 Vdd V Vss=0V, Vdd=5.0V lectronical Characteristics Item Standard Value Symbol Condit. Unit min. typ. max. Input Voltage Vdd Vdd=+5V 4.7 5.0 5.3 V Supply Curent Idd Vdd=+5V 1.6 2.5 ma Recommended LC Driving Voltage for Standard Temp. Modules Vdd 0 C 4.6 4.8 5.2 25 C 4.1 4.5 4.7 50 C 3.9 4.2 4.5 LD Forward Voltage Vf 25 C 4.2 4.6 V LD Forward Current If 25 C 210 320 ma LD weiß Voltage * ILD 3.5 V 30 40 50 ma V This data sheet is for reference only. The color of the disply may vary slightly depending on different production lots and ambient light. We reserve the right to changes and improvments without prior notice. Verfügbar STN: gelbgrün gelbgrün LD blau negativ grau positv reflectiv positiv positiv LD gelb LD weiß LD weiß CONRAD Best.Nr: 183350 184748 181655 181669
TIMING CONTROL RAD/WRIT OPRATIO RADING DATA FROM TO MPU ITM NABL CYCL TIM NABL PULS WIDTH (HIGH LVL) NABL RIS/FALL TIM ADDR STUP TIM TDSW (,,) ADDS HOLD TIM DATA STUP TIM WRIT OPRATIO DATA HOLD TIM BUSY FLAG CHCK SYMBOL T CYC PW H LIMIT (MIN) LIMIT (MAX) UNIT WRITING DATA FROM MPU TO SYMBOL T CYC TRTF 25 TRTF T AS T AH T DDR T DHR 666 300 100 10 20 190 PW H T AS T AH T DSW T H LIMIT (MIN) 666 300 100 10 100 10 LIMIT (MAX) 25 UNIT RAD OPRATIO DB0 TO DB7 NOT: * VOL1 IS ASSUMD TO B 0.8V AT 2 MHZ OPRATION DB0 TO DB7 T AS TAS TR T DDR TR PWH VOH1 VOL1 PWH VALID DATA T CYC TDSW VALID DATA TCYC T AH T AH T F T DHR VOH1 VOL1 TAH TAH TF TH 8BIT BUSY FLAG CHCK TIMING 4BIT BUSY FLAG CHCK TIMING INTRNAL INTRNAL DB7 DB7 ITRUCTION BUSY FLAG BUSY FLAG BUSY FLAG ITRUCTION WRIT CHCK CHCK CHCK WRIT ITRUCTION BUSY FLAG BUSY FLAG ITRUCTION WRIT CHCK CHCK WRIT (NOT)IR7, IR3: ITRUCTION 7TH BIT, 3RD BIT; AC3: ADDS COUNTR 3RD BIT THIS DATA SHT IS FOR RFRNC ONLY. W RV TH RIGHT TO CHANGS AND IMPROVMNTS WITHOUT PRIOR NOTIC. ITRUCTIO AV CHARACTR MODULS mail: info@dstgmbh.de Internet: www.dstgmbh.de RAD/WRIT OPRATIO AND BUSY FLAG CHCK FOR STANDARD CHARACTR MODULS.
INITIALIZATION PROCDUR POWR ON WAIT FOR MOR THAN 30MS AFTR VCC RISS TO 4.5V INITIALIZATION BY STTING TH SOFTWAR [CHARACTR TYP ]. RFR TO FIGU 1 AND 2 FOR PROCDU ON 8BIT AND 4BIT INITIALIZATION ACCORDINGLY. POWR ON WAIT FOR MOR THAN 30MS AFTR VCC RISS TO 4.5V DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 BF CANNOT B CHCKD BFOR THIS ITRUCTION. FUNCTION ST INTRFAC IS 8 BITS LONG. DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 WAIT FOR MOR THAN 4.1µS WAIT FOR MOR THAN 4.1µS DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 WAIT FOR MOR THAN 100µS DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 N F 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 I/D S INITIALIZATION NDS BF CANNOT B CHCKD BFOR THIS ITRUCTION. FUNCTION ST INTRFAC IS 8 BITS LONG. BF CANNOT B CHCKD BFOR THIS ITRUCTION. FUNCTION ST INTRFAC IS 8 BITS LONG. BF CAN B CHCKD AFTR TH FOLLOWING ITRUCTIO. IF TH BF IS NOT CHCKD, TH WAITING TIM BTWN ITRUCTIO IS LONGR THAN TH ITRUCTION XCUTION TIM. FUNCTION ST [INTRFAC IS 8 BITS LONG. TH NUMBR OF LI AND CHARACT IS SPCIFID. NITHR CANNOT B CHANGD AFTRWARDS]. OFF CLAR NTRY MOD ST [COND.: FOSC=270KHZ] DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 WAIT FOR MOR THAN 100µS DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 N F 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 I/D S FIGUR1: 8BIT INTRFAC INITIALIZATION NDS FIGUR2: 4BIT INTRFAC THIS DATA SHT IS FOR RFRNC ONLY. W RV TH RIGHT TO CHANGS AND IMPROVMNTS WITHOUT PRIOR NOTIC. INITIALIZING AV CHARACTR MODULS mail: info@dstgmbh.de Internet: www.dstgmbh.de INITIALIZATION PROCDUR ON 8BIT AND 4BIT INTRFACS OF STANDARD CHARACTR MODULS.
POWR SUPPLY / INTRFAC TO MCU / INFOMATION ON CHARACTR IC AND LD BACKLIGHT POWR SUPPLY FOR LCD MODUL CHARACTR BLOCK DIAG AND LD BACKLIGHT 1.SINGL SUPPLY VOLTAG TYPS (INTRNAL N.V.) 2. DUAL SUPPLY VOLTAG TYPS +5V +5V GND : LCD DRIVING VOLTAG R: 10K 20K INTRFAC TO MCU 1. INTRFAC TO Z80 MPU Z80 AD A1A7 WR RD IRQ D0D7 M U X VR C Q D R D0D7 : LCD DRIVING VOLTAG R: 10K 20K VR GND V 3. INTRFAC TO 4BIT MPU (HMCS43C) D14 HMCS43C D13 2. INTRFAC TO 6800 MCU 4. INTRFAC TO 8051 MCU D15 R10R13 DB4DB7 CHARACTR BLOCK IC DIAG D0D3 D4D7 I/O B U F F R IR BUSY FLAG DR D C O D R AC P TO S RGISTR TIMING CONTROL CIRCUIT CUOR AND BLINK CKT COM DRIVING CIRCUIT DATA RGISTR (DR) IS RGULARLY USD FOR TMPORARY STORAG OF DATA RAD/WRIT FROM/INTO AND. ITRUCTION RGISTR (IR) IS USD FOR STORING ITRUCTION CODS AND ADDS INFORMATION OF TH DATA (DD) AND CHARACTR GNRATOR (). BUSY FLAG (BF) IS "1" WHN TH IS IN INTRNAL OPRATION AND CANNOT ACCPT TH NXT ITRUCTION OR DATA. CHARACTR GNRATOR () ROM GNRATS CHARACTR PATTR FROM 8BIT COD. TH ROM PROVIDS 192 CHARACTR PATTR. CHARACTR GNRATOR () ALLOWS TH USR TO DSIGN AND RWRIT CHARACTR PATTR ACCORDING TH PROG. ADDS COUNTR (AC) IS USD TO GIV TH ADDS INFORMATION OF TH AND. DATA (DD) IS USD TO STOR TH DATA XPSD BY 8BIT CHARACTR COD. TH CAPACITY IS 80 X 8 BITS AND 80 CHARACT CAN B STORD. CUOR AND BLINK CONTROL GNRATS TH CUOR AND BLINK. DRIVIN CIRCUIT VMA O 2 6800 MPU A15 A14 A13 D0D7 ADDS DCODR D0D7 RD WR 8051 MPU A15 A14 A13 AL AD0AD7 ADDS DCODR ADDS LATCH D0D7 USAG OF LD BACKLIGHT THR AR THR POSSIBILITIS TO US LD BACKLIGHT IN CHARACTR MODULS. DRIVING TH LD THROUGH A CURRNT LIMITING ISTANC (RA) WHICH IS ALRADY INCLUDD IN TH, BY XTRNAL 5V TO J1 AND J2 BTWN PIN 1 AND PIN 2. PROVIDING 5V BY PIN 15 AND 16 OF TH INTRFAC TO DRIV TH LD, J15 AND J16 MUST B SHORTND AND RA = 3~7 OHMS IN THIS CAS. PROVIDING 4.2V BY DIRCT CONNCTION TO TH LD THROUGH A CURRNT LIMITING ISTANC. THIS DATA SHT IS FOR RFRNC ONLY. TH COLOR OF TH MAY VARY SLIGHTLY DPNDING ON DIFFRNT PRODUCTION LOTS AND AMBINT LIGHT. W RV TH RIGHT TO CHANGS AND IMPROVMNTS WITHOUT PRIOR NOTIC. CONNCTING AV CHARACTR MODULS mail: info@dstgmbh.de Internet: www.dstgmbh.de POWR SUPPLY FOR LCD MODUL/INTRFAC TO MCU CHARACTR BLOCK DIAG AND LD BACKLIGHT
CHARACTR MODUL COMMANDS COMMANDS/CODS/DISCRIPTION COMMAND CLAR RTURN HOM NTRY MOD ST ON/OFF CONTROL COD DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 DSCRIPTION XCUTING TIM (FOSC = 270KHZ) FONT TABL CHARACTR TYPS (STD. NGL./JAP.) UPPR 4BIT LLLL LLLH LLHL LLHH LHLL LHLH LHHL LHHH HLLL HLLH HLHL HLHH HHLL HHLH HHHL HHHH CUOR & SHIFT FUNCTION ST ST ADDS 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 I/D S 1 D C B 0 0 0 0 0 1 S/C R/L 0 0 0 0 1 DL N F 0 0 0 1 A CLAR TH AND RTURN TH CUOR TO TH HOM POSITION (ADDS 0) RTURN TH CUOR TO TH HOM POSITION (ADDS 0); ALSO RTURN A SHIFTD TO TH HOM POSITION. DD CONTNTS RMAIN UNCHANGD. ST TH CUOR`S MOV DIRCTION AND NABL/DISABL TH TURN TH ON/OFF(D), OR TH CUOR ON/OFF(C), AND BLINK OF TH CHARACTR AT TH CUOR POSITION(B). MOV TH CUOR AND SHIFT TH WITHOUT CHANGING DD CONTNTS. ST TH DATA WIDTH(DL), TH NUMBR OF LI IN (L), AND TH CHARACTR FONT(F). ST TH ADDS. DATA CAN B RAD OR ALTRD AFTR MAKING THIS STTING. 82µS 1.64MS 1.64MS LOWR 4 BIT LLLL LLLH LLHL LLHH LHLL LHLH LHHL LHHH ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) ( 6 ) ( 7 ) ( 8 ) ST ADDS RAD BUSY FLAG & ADDS WRIT DATA TO OR RAD DATA FROM OR 0 0 1 ADD 0 1 BF AC 1 0 WRIT DATA 1 1 RAD DATA I/D=1: INCRMNT I/D=0 DCRMNT S=1: ACCOMPANIS SHIFT S/C=1: SHIFT S/C=0 CUOR MOV R/L=1 SHIFT TO TH RIGHT R/L=0: SHIFT TO TH LFT DL=1: 8 BITS DL=0: 4 BITS N=1: 5X10 DOTS N=0: 5X7 DOTS BF=1: BUSY BF=0: CAN ACCPT DATA " ": DON`T CAR FOSC: 27KHZ ST ADDS. DATA MAY B WRITTN OR RAD AFTR MAKING THIS STTING RAD TH BUSY FLAG(BF) INDICATING THAT AN INTRNAL OPRATION IS BING PRFORMD AND RAD TH ADDS COUNTR CONTNTS. WRIT DATA INTO OR. RAD DATA FROM OR. : DATA : CHARACTR GNRATOR A: ADDS ADD: ADDS CORPONDS TO CUOR ADDS AC: ADDS COUNTR USD FOR BOTH DD AND ADDS. 1µS 43µS 43µS XCUTION TIM CHANGS WITH CHANG IN INTRNAL OSCILLATION FRQUNCY (FOSC). XAMPL: WHN FOSC = 270KHZ 250 X = 37µS 270 HLLL ( 1 ) HLLH ( 2 ) HLHL ( 3 ) HLHH ( 4 ) HHLL ( 5 ) HHLH ( 6 ) HHHL ( 7 ) HHHH ( 8 ) THIS DATA SHT IS FOR RFRNC ONLY. W RV TH RIGHT TO CHANGS AND IMPROVMNTS WITHOUT PRIOR NOTIC. ITRUCTIO AV CHARACTR MODULS mail: info@dstgmbh.de Internet: www.dstgmbh.de ITRUCTIO AND FONT TABL NGL./JAPA FOR STANDARD CHARACTR MODULS.
CHARACTR MODUL COMMANDS COMMANDS/CODS/DISCRIPTION COMMAND CLAR RTURN HOM NTRY MOD ST ON/OFF CONTROL COD DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 DSCRIPTION XCUTING TIM (FOSC = 270KHZ) FONT TABL CHARACTR TYPS (STD. NGL./JAP.) UPPR 4BIT LLLL LLLH LLHL LLHH LHLL LHLH LHHL LHHH HLLL HLLH HLHL HLHH HHLL HHLH HHHL HHHH CUOR & SHIFT FUNCTION ST ST ADDS 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 I/D S 1 D C B 0 0 0 0 0 1 S/C R/L 0 0 0 0 1 DL N F 0 0 0 1 A CLAR TH AND RTURN TH CUOR TO TH HOM POSITION (ADDS 0) RTURN TH CUOR TO TH HOM POSITION (ADDS 0); ALSO RTURN A SHIFTD TO TH HOM POSITION. DD CONTNTS RMAIN UNCHANGD. ST TH CUOR`S MOV DIRCTION AND NABL/DISABL TH TURN TH ON/OFF(D), OR TH CUOR ON/OFF(C), AND BLINK OF TH CHARACTR AT TH CUOR POSITION(B). MOV TH CUOR AND SHIFT TH WITHOUT CHANGING DD CONTNTS. ST TH DATA WIDTH(DL), TH NUMBR OF LI IN (L), AND TH CHARACTR FONT(F). ST TH ADDS. DATA CAN B RAD OR ALTRD AFTR MAKING THIS STTING. 82µS 1.64MS 1.64MS LOWR 4 BIT LLLL LLLH LLHL LLHH LHLL LHLH LHHL LHHH ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) ( 6 ) ( 7 ) ( 8 ) ST ADDS RAD BUSY FLAG & ADDS WRIT DATA TO OR RAD DATA FROM OR 0 0 1 ADD 0 1 BF AC 1 0 WRIT DATA 1 1 RAD DATA I/D=1: INCRMNT I/D=0 DCRMNT S=1: ACCOMPANIS SHIFT S/C=1: SHIFT S/C=0 CUOR MOV R/L=1 SHIFT TO TH RIGHT R/L=0: SHIFT TO TH LFT DL=1: 8 BITS DL=0: 4 BITS N=1: 5X10 DOTS N=0: 5X7 DOTS BF=1: BUSY BF=0: CAN ACCPT DATA " ": DON`T CAR FOSC: 27KHZ ST ADDS. DATA MAY B WRITTN OR RAD AFTR MAKING THIS STTING RAD TH BUSY FLAG(BF) INDICATING THAT AN INTRNAL OPRATION IS BING PRFORMD AND RAD TH ADDS COUNTR CONTNTS. WRIT DATA INTO OR. RAD DATA FROM OR. : DATA : CHARACTR GNRATOR A: ADDS ADD: ADDS CORPONDS TO CUOR ADDS AC: ADDS COUNTR USD FOR BOTH DD AND ADDS. 1µS 43µS 43µS XCUTION TIM CHANGS WITH CHANG IN INTRNAL OSCILLATION FRQUNCY (FOSC). XAMPL: WHN FOSC = 270KHZ 250 X = 37µS 270 HLLL ( 1 ) HLLH ( 2 ) HLHL ( 3 ) HLHH ( 4 ) HHLL ( 5 ) HHLH ( 6 ) HHHL ( 7 ) HHHH ( 8 ) THIS DATA SHT IS FOR RFRNC ONLY. W RV TH RIGHT TO CHANGS AND IMPROVMNTS WITHOUT PRIOR NOTIC. ITRUCTIO AV CHARACTR MODULS mail: info@dstgmbh.de Internet: www.dstgmbh.de ITRUCTIO AND FONT TABL NGL./JAPA FOR STANDARD CHARACTR MODULS.
POWR SUPPLY / INTRFAC TO MCU / INFOMATION ON CHARACTR IC AND LD BACKLIGHT POWR SUPPLY FOR LCD MODUL CHARACTR BLOCK DIAG AND LD BACKLIGHT 1.SINGL SUPPLY VOLTAG TYPS (INTRNAL N.V.) 2. DUAL SUPPLY VOLTAG TYPS +5V +5V GND : LCD DRIVING VOLTAG R: 10K 20K INTRFAC TO MCU 1. INTRFAC TO Z80 MPU Z80 AD A1A7 WR RD IRQ D0D7 M U X VR C Q D R D0D7 : LCD DRIVING VOLTAG R: 10K 20K VR GND V 3. INTRFAC TO 4BIT MPU (HMCS43C) D14 HMCS43C D13 2. INTRFAC TO 6800 MCU 4. INTRFAC TO 8051 MCU D15 R10R13 DB4DB7 CHARACTR BLOCK IC DIAG D0D3 D4D7 I/O B U F F R IR BUSY FLAG DR D C O D R AC P TO S RGISTR TIMING CONTROL CIRCUIT CUOR AND BLINK CKT COM DRIVING CIRCUIT DATA RGISTR (DR) IS RGULARLY USD FOR TMPORARY STORAG OF DATA RAD/WRIT FROM/INTO AND. ITRUCTION RGISTR (IR) IS USD FOR STORING ITRUCTION CODS AND ADDS INFORMATION OF TH DATA (DD) AND CHARACTR GNRATOR (). BUSY FLAG (BF) IS "1" WHN TH IS IN INTRNAL OPRATION AND CANNOT ACCPT TH NXT ITRUCTION OR DATA. CHARACTR GNRATOR () ROM GNRATS CHARACTR PATTR FROM 8BIT COD. TH ROM PROVIDS 192 CHARACTR PATTR. CHARACTR GNRATOR () ALLOWS TH USR TO DSIGN AND RWRIT CHARACTR PATTR ACCORDING TH PROG. ADDS COUNTR (AC) IS USD TO GIV TH ADDS INFORMATION OF TH AND. DATA (DD) IS USD TO STOR TH DATA XPSD BY 8BIT CHARACTR COD. TH CAPACITY IS 80 X 8 BITS AND 80 CHARACT CAN B STORD. CUOR AND BLINK CONTROL GNRATS TH CUOR AND BLINK. DRIVIN CIRCUIT VMA O 2 6800 MPU A15 A14 A13 D0D7 ADDS DCODR D0D7 RD WR 8051 MPU A15 A14 A13 AL AD0AD7 ADDS DCODR ADDS LATCH D0D7 USAG OF LD BACKLIGHT THR AR THR POSSIBILITIS TO US LD BACKLIGHT IN CHARACTR MODULS. DRIVING TH LD THROUGH A CURRNT LIMITING ISTANC (RA) WHICH IS ALRADY INCLUDD IN TH, BY XTRNAL 5V TO J1 AND J2 BTWN PIN 1 AND PIN 2. PROVIDING 5V BY PIN 15 AND 16 OF TH INTRFAC TO DRIV TH LD, J15 AND J16 MUST B SHORTND AND RA = 3~7 OHMS IN THIS CAS. PROVIDING 4.2V BY DIRCT CONNCTION TO TH LD THROUGH A CURRNT LIMITING ISTANC. THIS DATA SHT IS FOR RFRNC ONLY. TH COLOR OF TH MAY VARY SLIGHTLY DPNDING ON DIFFRNT PRODUCTION LOTS AND AMBINT LIGHT. W RV TH RIGHT TO CHANGS AND IMPROVMNTS WITHOUT PRIOR NOTIC. CONNCTING AV CHARACTR MODULS mail: info@dstgmbh.de Internet: www.dstgmbh.de POWR SUPPLY FOR LCD MODUL/INTRFAC TO MCU CHARACTR BLOCK DIAG AND LD BACKLIGHT
INITIALIZATION PROCDUR POWR ON WAIT FOR MOR THAN 30MS AFTR VCC RISS TO 4.5V INITIALIZATION BY STTING TH SOFTWAR [CHARACTR TYP ]. RFR TO FIGU 1 AND 2 FOR PROCDU ON 8BIT AND 4BIT INITIALIZATION ACCORDINGLY. POWR ON WAIT FOR MOR THAN 30MS AFTR VCC RISS TO 4.5V DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 BF CANNOT B CHCKD BFOR THIS ITRUCTION. FUNCTION ST INTRFAC IS 8 BITS LONG. DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 WAIT FOR MOR THAN 4.1µS WAIT FOR MOR THAN 4.1µS DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 WAIT FOR MOR THAN 100µS DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 N F 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 I/D S INITIALIZATION NDS BF CANNOT B CHCKD BFOR THIS ITRUCTION. FUNCTION ST INTRFAC IS 8 BITS LONG. BF CANNOT B CHCKD BFOR THIS ITRUCTION. FUNCTION ST INTRFAC IS 8 BITS LONG. BF CAN B CHCKD AFTR TH FOLLOWING ITRUCTIO. IF TH BF IS NOT CHCKD, TH WAITING TIM BTWN ITRUCTIO IS LONGR THAN TH ITRUCTION XCUTION TIM. FUNCTION ST [INTRFAC IS 8 BITS LONG. TH NUMBR OF LI AND CHARACT IS SPCIFID. NITHR CANNOT B CHANGD AFTRWARDS]. OFF CLAR NTRY MOD ST [COND.: FOSC=270KHZ] DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 WAIT FOR MOR THAN 100µS DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 N F 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 I/D S FIGUR1: 8BIT INTRFAC INITIALIZATION NDS FIGUR2: 4BIT INTRFAC THIS DATA SHT IS FOR RFRNC ONLY. W RV TH RIGHT TO CHANGS AND IMPROVMNTS WITHOUT PRIOR NOTIC. INITIALIZING AV CHARACTR MODULS mail: info@dstgmbh.de Internet: www.dstgmbh.de INITIALIZATION PROCDUR ON 8BIT AND 4BIT INTRFACS OF STANDARD CHARACTR MODULS.