CHAPTER IV REEARCH FINDING AND ANALYI A. Descrpton of Research Fndngs To fnd out the dfference between the students who were taught by usng Mme Game and the students who were not taught by usng Mme Game on Present Contnuous Tense, especally n MP Islam Walsongo Penawangan Grobogan the wrter dd an analyss of quanttatve data. The data was obtaned by gvng test to the expermental class and control class after gvng a dfferent learnng both classes. The subjects of ths research were dvded nto two classes. They are expermental class (VII A), control class (VII B). Before tems were gven to the students, the wrter gave try out test to analyze valdty, relablty, dffculty level and also the dscrmnaton power of each tem. The wrter prepared 30 tems as the nstrument of the test. Test was gven before and after the students follow the learnng process that was provded by the wrter. Before the actvtes were conducted, the wrter determned the materals and lesson plan of learnng. Learnng n the experment class used mme game, whle the control class wthout used mme game. After the data were collected, the wrter analyzed t. The frst analyss data s from the begnnng of control class and expermental class that s taken from the pre test value. It s the normalty test and homogenety test. It s used to know that two groups are normal and have same varant. Another analyss data s from the endng of control class and expermental class. It s used to prove the truth of hypothess that has been planned. B. Data Analyss And Hypothess Test. The Data Analyss a. The data analyss of try out fndng Ths dscusson covers valdty, relablty, level of dffculty and dscrmnatng power. 30
3 ) Valdty of Instrument As mentoned n chapter III, valdty refers to the precse measurement of the test. In ths study, tem valdty s used to know the ndex valdty of the test. To know the valdty of nstrument, the wrter used the Pearson product moment formula to analyze each tem. It s obtaned that from 30 test tems; there are test tems whch are vald and 9 test tems whch are nvald. They are on number,, 4, 5, 6, 7,,, 5. They are nvald wth the reason computaton result of ther r xy value (the correlaton of score each tem) s lower than ther r table value. The followng s the example of tem valdty computaton for tem number and for the other tems would use the same formula. N 30 Y 347 XY 79 X X Y 4595 r xy r xy r xy r xy r xy ( X ) ( Y ) N XY { N X ( X ) } N Y ( Y ) 30(79) (347) { } { 30() () }{ 30(4595) (347 ) } 8370 7634 (660 484)(37850 0409) 736 (76)(744) 736 306966
3 r xy 736 96.70 r xy 0.40 From the computaton above, the result of computng valdty of the tem number s 0.40. After that, the wrter consulted the result to the table of r Product Moment wth the number of subject (N) 30 and sgnfcance level 5% t s 0.3. nce the result of the computaton s hgher than r n table, the ndex of valdty of the tem number s consdered to be vald. The lst of the valdty of each tem can be seen n appendx. ) Relablty of Instrument A good test must be vald and relable. Besdes the ndex of valdty, the wrter calculated the relablty of the test usng Kuder- Rcharson Formula 0(K-R 0). Before computng the relablty, the wrter had to compute varan ( ) wth the formula below: N 30 Y 347 Y 4595 pq 6.0567 ( y) y N N (347) 4595 30 30 4595 403.63 30
33 58.37 30 9.379 The computaton of the varant ( ) s 9.379. After fndng the varant ( ) the wrter computed the relablty of the test as follows: r r r n n pq 30 9.379 6.057 30 9.379 3.3.03 9.379 r 0.7 From the computaton above, t s found out that r (the total of relablty test) s 0.7, whereas the number of subjects s 30 and the crtcal value for r-table wth sgnfcance level 5% s 0.36. Thus, the value resulted from the computaton s hgher than ts crtcal value. It could be concluded that the nstrument used n ths research s relable. 3) Degree of the Test Dffculty The followng computaton of the level dffculty for the tem number and for the other tems would use the same formula. B 4 + 8 P B J J 30 P 30
34 P 0.73 From the computaton above, the queston number can be sad as the easy category, because the calculaton result of the tem number s n the nterval 0.7 < P 4) Dscrmnatng Power The followng s the computaton of the dscrmnatng power for tem number, and for other tems would use the same formula. D BA JA BB JB Before computed usng the formula, the data dvded nto (group). They were upper group and low group. Table The Table of the Gathered core of Item Number Upper Group Low Group No Code core No Code core TO-8 TO-4 0 TO-6 TO-9 3 TO-5 3 TO-6 0 4 TO-30 4 TO-8 5 TO-3 5 TO- 0 6 TO- 6 TO- 0 7 TO-3 7 TO-6 8 TO-7 8 TO- 9 TO-8 9 TO-3 0 0 TO-0 0 TO-9 TO-4 TO- TO-5 TO-5 0 3 TO-7 0 3 TO-7 4 TO-9 4 TO-4 0 5 TO- 5 TO-0 um 4 um 8 TO : Try Out
35 From the table above known as below D BA JA 4 D 5 D 6 5 D 0.40 BB JB 8 5 From the computaton above, the queston number can be sad as the far category, because the calculaton result of the tem number s n the nterval 0. < D 0.4. Based on the analyss of valdty, relablty, dffculty level and dscrmnatng power, fnally 0 tems are accepted. They are number,, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, 3, 8, 9, 0, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, and 30. b. The data analyss of pre test value of the expermental class and the control class Table 3 The lst of Pre-test Value of the Expermental and Control Class Experment Class Control Class No Code of Code of the the tudents x ( x ( x tudents x ( x ( x E - 9 70.333 5.03 C - 5 75 7.833 38.06 E - 70.333 5.03 C - 3 65 7.833 6.356 3 E - 7 70.333 5.03 C - 7 65 7.833 6.356 4 E - 9 65 7.333 53.773 C - 8 65 7.833 6.356 5 E - 3 65 7.333 53.773 C - 9 65 7.833 6.356
36 6 E - 4 65 7.333 53.773 C - 8 65 7.833 6.356 7 E - 7 65 7.333 53.773 C - 3 60.833 8.06 8 E - 65 7.333 53.773 C - 9 60.833 8.06 9 E - 6 60.333 5.443 C - 4 60.833 8.06 0 E - 7 60.333 5.443 C - 5 60.833 8.06 E - 8 60.333 5.443 C - 6 60.833 8.06 E - 0 60.333 5.443 C - 8 60.833 8.06 3 E - 60.333 5.443 C - 60.833 8.06 4 E - 60.333 5.443 C - 6 60.833 8.06 5 E - 5 60.333 5.443 C - 7 60.833 8.06 6 E - 6 55 -.667 7.3 C - 55 -.67 4.696 7 E - 6 55 -.667 7.3 C - 55 -.67 4.696 8 E - 5 55 -.667 7.3 C - 6 55 -.67 4.696 9 E - 3 55 -.667 7.3 C - 55 -.67 696 0 E - 8 55 -.667 7.3 C - 7 55 -.67 4.696 E - 0 55 -.667 7.3 C - 30 55 -.67 4.696 E - 55 -.667 7.3 C - 3 55 -.67 4.696 3 E - 55 -.667 7.3 C - 0 55 -.67 4.696 4 E - 5 50-7.667 58.783 C - 4 55 -.67 4.696 5 E - 8 50-7.667 58.783 C - 0 50-7.67 5.366 6 E -30 50-7.667 58.783 C - 5 50-7.67 5.366 7 E - 3 50-7.667 58.783 C - 9 50-7.67 5.366 8 E - 4 45 -.667 60.453 C - 50-7.67 5.366 9 E - 4 45 -.667 60.453 C - 40-7.67 94.706 30 E - 9 45 -.667 60.453 C - 4 40-7.67 94.706 730 0.00 487.50 75 0.00 534.64 x 57.667 x 57.67 ) The Normalty Pre-test of the Expermental Class The normalty test s used to know whether the data obtaned s normally dstrbuted or not. Based on the table above, the normalty test: Hypothess: Ha: The dstrbuton lst s normal. Ho: The dstrbuton lst s not normal
37 Test of hypothess: The formula s used: X k ( O E ) E The computaton of normalty test: N 30 Length of the class 5 Maxmum score 70 x 730 Mnmum score 45 x 57.667 K / Number of class 6 Range 5 Class nterval Table 4 Frequency Dstrbuton f ( x ( x x) f ( x x) 45-49 47 3-0.667 3.785 34.355 50-54 5 4-5.667 3.5 8.460 55-59 57 8-0.667 0.445 3.559 60-64 6 7 4.333 8.775 3.44 65-69 67 5 9.333 87.05 435.54 70-74 7 3 4.333 05.435 66.305 f ( x n x 30 556.66 556.66 7.36 30 Table 5 Normalty Pre test of the Expermental Class Class nterval Lmt class Z for the lmt class Opportuntes Z 45-49 44.5 -.797 0.464 ze classes for Z E O ( O E ) E 0.095.85 3 0.008
38 50-54 49.5 -.5 0.369 55-59 54.5-0.43 0.66 0.03 6.09 4 0.77 0.78 5.34 8.35 60-64 59.5 0.05 0.0 0.3 9.36 7 0.595 65-69 64.5 0.933 0.34 0.3 3.69 5 0.465 70-74 69.5.65 0.447 0.04.6 3.403 74.5.98 0.489 The result of computaton Ch quare 5.53 Wth α 5% and dk 6-33, from the ch-square dstrbuton table, obtaned χ table 7.85. Because count χ s lower than χ table (5.53<7.85). o, the dstrbuton lst s normal. ) The Normalty Pre-test of the Control Class Hypothess: Ha: The dstrbuton lst s normal. Ho: The dstrbuton lst s not normal Test of hypothess: The formula s used: X k ( O E ) E The computaton of normalty test: Maxmum score 75 N 30 Mnmum score 40 Range 35 K / Number of class 6 x 57.67 Length of the class 6 x 75
39 Class nterval Table 6 Frequency Dstrbuton x f ( x ( x x) f ( x x) 40-45 4.5-4.667 5. 430.4 46-5 48.5 4-8.667 75.7 300.468 5-57 54.5 9 -.667 7.3 64.06 58-63 60.5 9 3.333.09 99.980 64-69 66.5 5 9.333 87.05 45.54 70-75 7.5 5.333 35.0 35.0 30 555.330 f ( x n 555.330 7.33 30 Class nterval Lmt class Table 7 Normalty Pre test of the Control Class Z for the lmt class Opportuntes Z ze classes for Z 40-45 39.5 -.43 0.49 0.047.4 0.47 46-5 45.5 -.593 0.445 0.66 4.98 4 0.93 5-57 5.5-0.774 0.79 0.99 8.97 9 0.000 58-63 57.5 0.045 0.00 0.3 9.63 9 0.04 64-69 64.5.00 0.34 0.3 3.39 5 0.765 70-75 69.5.684 0.454 0.040. 0.033 75.5.503 0.494 The result of computaton Ch quare.79 E O ( O E ) E
40 Wth α 5% and dk 6-33, from the ch-square dstrbuton table, obtaned χ table 7.85. Because count χ s lower than χ table (.79<7.85). o, the dstrbuton lst s normal. 3) The Homogenety Pre-Test of the Expermental Class Hypothess : H ο H A : σ : σ σ σ Test of hypothess: The formula s used: F Bggest varant smallest varant The Data of the research: ( x ) x 536.664 n 30 ( x ) x 534.64 n 30 ( x 536.664 σ 5. 988 n 9 σ ( x 534.64 5. 90 n 9 Bggest varant (Bv) 5.988 mallest varant (v) 5.90 Based on the formula, t s obtaned: 5.988 F.00 5.90
4 Wth α 5% and dk (30-9): (30-9), obtaned F table.85. Because F count s lower than F table (.00 <.85). o, Ho s accepted and the two groups have same varant / homogeneous. 4) The average smlarty Test of Pre-Test of Expermental and Control Classes Hypothess: Ho: µ µ Ha: µ µ Test of hypothess: Based on the computaton of the homogenety test, the expermental class and control class have same varant. o, the t- test formula: t x x + n n ( n ) + ( n ) n + n The data of the research: x 57.667 x 57.64 5. 988 5. 90 n 30 n 30 ( n ) + ( n ) n + n (30 )5.988 + (30 )5.90 3070.80 7. 76 30 + 30 58
4 o, the computaton t-test: t. 07 x x + n n 57.667 57.67 7.76 + 30 30 0,5 0.487 Wth α 5% and dk 30 + 30 58, obtaned t table.390. Because t count s lower than t table (.07<.390). o, Ho s accepted and there s no dfference of the pre test average value from both groups. No c. The Data Analyss of Post-test cores n Expermental Class and Code of the tudents Control Class. Table 8 The Value of the Post Test of the Expermental Experment Class x ( x and Control Class ( x Code of the tudents Control Class x ( x ( x E - 8 95 0.333 43.43 C - 4 90.67 49.376 E - 9 90 5.333 35.0 C - 9 80.67 48.36 3 E - 3 85 0.333 06.77 C - 3 80.67 48.36 4 E - 8 85 0.333 06.77 C - 6 80.67 48.36 5 E - 9 85 0.333 06.77 C - 9 80.67 48.36 6 E - 85 0.333 06.77 C - 3 75 7.67 5.366 7 E - 85 0.333 06.77 C - 30 75 7.67 5.366 8 E - 3 85 0.333 06.77 C - 75 7.67 5.366 9 E - 80 5.333 8.44 C - 70.67 4.696 0 E - 7 80 5.333 8.44 C - 3 70.67 4.696 E - 4 80 5.333 8.44 C - 8 70.67 4.696 E - 80 5.333 8.44 C - 9 70.67 4.696 3 E - 7 75 0.333 0. C - 7 70.67 4.696 4 E - 75 0.333 0. C - 6 70.67 4.696 5 E - 3 75 0.333 0. C - 4 65 -.833 8.06
43 6 E - 5 75 0.333 0. C - 5 65 -.833 8.06 7 E - 6 75 0.333 0. C - 7 65 -.833 8.06 8 E - 8 70-4.667.78 C - 8 65 -.833 8.06 9 E - 0 70-4.667.78 C - 0 65 -.833 8.06 0 E - 70-4.667.78 C - 5 65 -.833 8.06 E - 6 70-4.667.78 C - 6 65 -.833 8.06 E - 7 70-4.667.78 C - 0 65 -.833 8.06 3 E - 4 70-4.667.78 C - 4 65 -.833 8.06 4 E -30 70-4.667.78 C - 5 65 -.833 8.06 5 E - 0 65-9.667 93.45 C - 7 65 -.833 8.06 6 E - 5 65-9.667 93.45 C - 8 60-7.833 6.356 7 E - 5 65-9.667 93.45 C - 55 -.833 64.686 8 E - 6 60-4.667 5. C - 55 -.833 64.686 9 E - 4 55-9.667 386.79 C - 50-7.833 38.06 30 E - 9 50-4.667 608.46 C - 45 -.833 5.346 40 0.00 3046.666 035 0.00 584.564 x 74.667 x 67.833 ) The Normalty Post-Test of the Expermental Class Based on the table above, the normalty test: Hypothess : Ho : The dstrbuton lst s normal. Ha : The dstrbuton lst s not normal. Test of hypothess: The formula s used: χ k ( O ) E E The computaton of normalty test: Maxmum score 95 N 30 Mnmum score 50 Range 45 K / Number of class 6 x 74.667 Length of the class 8 x 40
44 Class nterval Table 9 Frequency Dstrbuton x f ( x ( x x) f ( x x) 50 57 53.5 -.67 448.04 896.084 58 65 6.5 4-3.67 73.370 693.480 66 73 69.5 7-5.67 6.698 86.885 74 8 77.5 9.833 8.06 7.33 8 89 85.5 6 0.833 7.354 704.3 90-97 93.5 8.833 354.89 709.364 30 36.68 f ( x n 36.68 0. 606 30 Class nterval Table 0 Normalty Post test of the Expermental Class Lmt class Z for the lmt class Opportuntes Z ze classes for Z 50 57 49.5 -.373 0.49 0.044.30 0.350 58 65 57.5 -.69 0.447 0.4 4.60 4 0.06 66 73 65.5-0.864 0.305 0.6 7.830 7 0.088 74 8 73.5-0.0 0.044 0.83 8.490 9 0.03 8 89 8.5 0.644 0.39 0.80 5.400 6 0.666 90-97 89.5.399 0.49 0.065.950 0.00 97.5.53 0.484 The result of computaton Ch quare.5 E O ( O E ) E
45 Wth α 5% and dk 6-3 3, from the Ch-quare dstrbuton table, obtaned χ table 7.85. Because d count χ s lower than χ table (.5<7.85). o, the dstrbuton lst s normal. ) The Normalty Post-Test of the Control Class Hypothess: Ho Ha : The dstrbuton lst s normal : The dstrbuton lst s not normal Test of hypothess: The formula s used: χ k ( ) O E E The computaton of normalty test: Maxmum score 90 N 30 Mnmum score 55 Range 45 K / Number of class 6 x 67.833 Length of the class 8 x 035 Class nterval Table Frequency Dstrbuton x f ( x ( x x) f ( x x) 45-5 48.5-9.333 373.765 747.530 53-60 56.5 3 -.333 8.437 385.3 6-68 64.5-3.333.09.98 69-76 7.5 9 4.667.78 96.08 77-87 80.5 4.667 60.453 64.8 85-9 88.5 0.667 47.5 47.5 50.00 f ( x n 50.00 9. 3 30
46 Class nterval Lmt class Table Normalty Post test of the Control Class Z for the lmt class Opportunte s Z 45-5 44.5 -.503 0.494 53-60 5.5 -.645 0.45 6-68 60.5-0.787 0.85 69-76 68.5 0.07 0.08 77-87 76.5 0.930 0.34 ze classes for Z E O ( O E ) E 0.043.90 0.39 0.66 4.980 3 0.787 0.33 9.390 0.76 0.96 8.880 9 0.00 0.59 4.770 4 0.4 85-9 87.5.0 0.483 0.03 0.390 0.954 9.5.646 0.496 The result of computaton Ch quare.534 Wth α 5% and dk 6-3 3, from the ch-square dstrbuton table, obtaned χ table 7.85. Because count χ s lower than χ table (.534 < 7.85). o, the dstrbuton lst s normal. 3) The Homogenety Post-Test of the Expermental Class Hypothess : H ο H A : σ : σ σ σ Test of hypothess: The formula s used: Bggest varant F smallest varant
47 The data of the research: ( x ) x 3046.666 n 30 ( x ) x 584.564 n 30 ( x 3046.666 05. 057 n 9 ( x 584.64 89. 3 n 9 Bggest varant (Bv) 05.057 mallest varant (v) 89.3 Based on the formula, t s obtaned: F 05.057 89.3.79 Wth α 5% and dk (30-9): (30 9), obtaned F table.84. Because F count s lower than F table (.79 <.84). o, Ho s accepted and the two groups have same varant/ homogeneous. The Hypothess Test The hypothess n ths research s that Mme Game s effectve to mprove students understandng on Present Contnuous Tense. In ths research, because σ σ (has same varant), the t-test formula s as follows:
48 t X X + n n ( n ) + ( n ) n + n The data of the research: x 74.667 x 67.833 05.057 89.3 n 30 n 30 ( n ) + ( n ) n + n (30 )05.057 + (30 )89.3 30 + 30 563.0 58 9.853 t x x + n n 74.667 67.833 t 9.853 30 + 30 6.834 9.853 30.686 From the computaton above, the t-table s.390 by 5% alpha level of sgnfcance and dk 30+30-58. T-value was.686. o, the t- value was hgher than the crtcal value on the table (.686 >.390). From the result, t can be concluded that there s a sgnfcant dfference n Present Contnuous Tense achevement score between students were taught usng Mme Game and those were taught wthout Mme Game. o, t can be sad that Mme game s effectve to mprove
49 students understandng on Present Contnuous Tense, and so the acton hypothess s accepted. C. Dscusson of The Research Fndngs. The score of Pre test Based on the calculatons of normalty and homogenety test from class VII A as the experment class and class VII B as the control class s normal dstrbuton and homogeneous. Normalty test by usng Ch quare Formula: Class Experment class Control class χ count χ table (α 5%) Dstbuton 5.53 7.85 χ count < χ table (5.53 < 7.85). o, the dstrbuton lst s normal..79 7.85 χ count < χ table (.79 < 7.85). o, the dstrbuton lst s normal. Homogenety test: By usng formula: F Bggest varant smallest varant Where: Bggest varant (Bv) 5.988 mallest varant (v) 5.90 Based on the formula, t s obtaned: 5.988 F.00 5.90
50 Wth α 5% and dk 9: 9, obtaned F table.85. Because F count s < F table (.00 <.85). o, Ho s accepted and the two groups have same varant / homogeneous.. The score of post test The result of the research shows that the expermental class (the students who are taught usng Mme Game) has the mean value 74.667. Meanwhle, the control class (the students who are taught wthout usng Mme Game) has the mean value 67.833. It can be sad that the Present Contnuous Tense achevement of experment class s hgher than the control class. On the other hand, the test of hypothess usng t-test formula shows the value of the t-test s hgher than the crtcal value, t count hgher than t table > t table ( t count ). The value of t-test s.686, whle the crtcal value on t s0,05 s.390. It means that there s a sgnfcant dfference the Present Contnuous Tense achevement between students taught usng Mme Game and those taught wthout Mme Game. In ths case, the use of Mme Game s necessary needed n teachng Present Contnuous Tense. D. Lmtaton of The Research The wrter realzes that ths research had not been done optmally. There were constrants and obstacles faced durng the research process. ome lmtatons of ths research are:. Relatve short tme of research makes ths research could not be done maxmum.. The research s lmted at MP Islam Walsongo Penawangan. o that when the same research wll be gone n other schools, t s stll possble to get dfferent result. 3. The mplementaton of the research process was less smooth; ths was more due to lack of experence and knowledge of the wrter.
5 Consderng all those lmtatons, there s a need to do more research about teachng Present Contnuous Tense usng Mme Game. o that, the more optmal result wll be ganed.