Maritime Spatial Planning in a CCB s context Mikhail Durkin MSP Seminar, 22 November 2016 Riga, Latvia co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Maritime Spatial Planning "a public process of analyzing and allocating the spatial and temporal distribution of human activities in marine areas to achieve ecological, economic, and social objectives that usually have been specified through a political process. Characteristics of marine spatial planning include ecosystem based, area based, integrated, adaptive, strategic and participatory". co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
HELCOM Process Baltic Sea Action Plan (2007) HELCOM Recommendation 28E/9 on development of broadscale marine spatial planning principles in the Baltic Sea area Ministerial Meeting (2010) a joint, co chaired HELCOM VASAB Working Group on Maritime Spatial Planning established Ministerial Meeting (2013) The Regional Baltic Maritime Spatial Planning Roadmap (2013 2020) Guidelines The Guidelines for the implementation of ecosystem based approach in MSP in the Baltic Sea area The Guidelines on transboundary consultations, public participation and co operation co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Ten principles for achieving better coherence in the development of MSP systems in the BSR: Sustainable management Ecosystem approach Long term perspective and objectives Precautionary Principle Participation and Transparency High quality data and information basis Transnational coordination and consultation Coherent terrestrial and maritime spatial planning Planning adapted to characteristics and special conditions at different areas Continuous planning co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Roadmap to make every effort to draw up and apply maritime spatial plans throughout the Baltic Sea Region by 2020 which are coherent across borders and apply the ecosystem approach. The following steps are perceived as necessary: 1. Intergovernmental cooperation on MSP 2. Public participation 3. Ecosystem approach in MSP 4. Information and data for MSP 5. Education for MSP 6. National and BSR frameworks for MSP in place 7. Evaluation and follow up co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Guidelines on EA in MSP Special features of spatial planning at sea Definitions of the ecosystem based approach concept Policy context of the ecosystem based approach relevant aspects for MSP in the Baltic Sea HELCOM, BSAP, Joint MSP Principles EUSBSR, MSFD, MSPD Key elements for applying the ecosystem based approach in MSP Available knowledge on ecosystems of the Baltic Sea Description of the maritime spatial planning process Maritime spatial planning process and the ecosystem based approach Implementation of the ecosystem based approach in the maritime spatial planning process co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Guidelines on EA in MSP (cont.) The ecosystem approach is the comprehensive integrated management of human activities based on the best available scientific knowledge about the ecosystem and its dynamics, in order to identify and take action on influences which are critical to the health of marine ecosystems, thereby achieving sustainable use of ecosystem goods and services and maintenance of ecosystem integrity HELCOM/OSPAR Joint Ministerial 2003 co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Guidelines on transboundary consultations, public participation and cooperation i) consultations between MSP authorities of neighbouring countries and/or those countries directly affected by MSP and the related public participation process that should take place concerning transboundary aspects during the process of drafting a maritime spatial plan. ii) cooperation between MSP authorities at pan Baltic scale on issues affecting most or all of the Baltic Sea and/or the level involving most or all BSR countries as well as the process foreseen to ensure effective stakeholder engagement at a more strategic level. co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Guidelines on transboundary consultations, public participation and cooperation (cont.) Recommendations for transboundary consultation and cooperation for a specific MSP process Broadening the scope of dialogue: Building on the Espoo Convention while strengthening the scope of consultations Establishing a formal process of transboundary information exchange and consultation early in the MSP process Organising stakeholder involvement in the transboundary consultation process Developing a transboundary consultation strategy Strengthening informal transboundary cooperation processes co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Guidelines on transboundary consultations, public participation and cooperation (cont.) Recommendations for transboundary pan Baltic cooperation on MSP Continuing policy guiding at pan Baltic level Creating and facilitating expert groups for pertinent MSP topics and issues and implementing their results Engaging and cooperating with other pan Baltic organisations on a continuous basis Promoting informal pan Baltic co operation of MSP practitioners co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
MSP Directive (2014/89/EU) Cross sectoral tool to analyse and organize human activities in marine areas to achieve ecological, economic and social objectives; Transposition of the Directive into national law, and creation of competent authorities to put it into effect, within 2 years; EU MS (except land locked ones) are to prepare cross sectoral maritime spatial plans by 2021. The plans should: apply the ecosystem based approach; contribute to the preservation, protection and improvement of the environment; contribute to the sustainable development of energy sectors at sea, maritime transport, and fisheries and aquaculture; allow MS to pursue additional objectives such as sustainable tourism or the extraction of raw materials; Take into account land sea interactions and promote coherence co-funded by EU LIFE Programme between MSP and ICZM;
MSP Directive (2014/89/EU) (cont.) Cross border cooperation: to ensure that their MSP are coherent and coordinated across the marine region. MSs sharing a sea should cooperate Means of cooperation are left to Member States to decide. MS should cooperate with third countries on their actions with regard to maritime spatial planning (where geopolitically possible). Public information from an early stage and participation of relevant stakeholders, authorities, and public concerned; Use of best available data and organisation of the sharing of information between stakeholders. co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Where we are in the BSR? co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Starting Point 14 November 2013. - Signing of an agreement between the directors of the Maritime Offices in Szczecin and Gdynia, Słupsk on cooperation in the preparation of: "Study for the Polish maritime areas" Spatial Plan for Polish maritime areas" Pursuant to the Agreement, the Directors of the Maritime Offices will draw up a coherent spatial plan of Polish sea areas in the part relating to the exclusive economic zone and the territorial sea, internal waters of the Gulf of Gdansk and the belt of marine waters located between the baseline of the territorial sea and the borders of the parcels of land area adjacent to marine waters. Work on drawing up the plans will be coordinated by the Director of Maritime Office in Gdynia.
Starting Point Announcement of Directors of the Maritime Offices of 15 November 2013 on the beginning of the planning process, the aim of which is to elaborate Spatial Plan of Polish Sea Areas"; published in Gazeta Wyborcza and on the websites of the then Ministry of Transport, Building and Maritime Economy and maritime offices; information about the possibility of making suggestions to the plan until January 31, 2014.
MSP planning process PlanCoast Handbook on IMSP www.plancoast.eu 16
Planning activities in Poland Steps of preparation of MSPs: 1. Study of marine use and directions of spatial development 2. Strategical Maritime Spatial Plan 3. Research, and consecutively 4. Detailed MSPs for selected sea areas
Planning activities in Poland 1. The study of marine use and directions of spatial development Time of realisation: 7.03.2014 7.12.2014 Contractor: Maritime Institute in Gdansk Marine area covered
Stocktaking gathering of data and info Oceanographic information; natural environment (protected areas, habitats and rare species, pressures, spawning and feeding areas for commercial fish species); Geological information (deposits, mineral resources, etc). current use of sea space (shipping routes, anchorage sites, cables and pipelines, areas of exploration and extraction of mineral resources, the areas of cultural heritage, dumping sites, military areas, fishing grounds and areas important for the conservation of commercial fish species, areas used for sports /tourist/recreational, ports and harbors). knowledge on the coastal areas (land use, hydrography, roads, railways, tourism, population density, administrative division, coastal erosion); Local and regional spatial plans, studies, strategies, programmes in order to ensure consistency between planning land and sea. international and national legislation and strategic documents affecting the spatial development of the sea space. the results of the relevant projects. planned and potential uses of marine areas (including renewable energy, mining, mariculture, etc.) spatial analysis, such as benthic habitat models, the assessment of the risks of oil spills, the choice/options of location for the development of offshore wind energy
Planning activities in Poland 2. Strategic Maritime Spatial Plan Preparation of Strategic Plan for the area already covered by the study Scale: 1 : 200 000 The draft strategic plan shall be prepared according to the Act on Maritime Areas of Poland and Maritime Administration; The plan will include public participation and transboundary consultation Planned time of realisation: beginning of 2015 middle of 2017
3. Research Realisation of research indicated in the Strategic Maritime Spatial Plan 4. Detailed Maritime Spatial Plans Preparation of MSPs for internal marine waters (ports, lagoons, bays), and for indicated in the Strategic Plan marine areas requiring detailed plans Planned end of basic MSP development programme 2022, but planning works will have to be continued.
22 Two areas
2. EBM in MSP 2.1 CSOs are active and capable stakeholders in MSP processes 2.2 MSP based on EBM experiences shared, schemes established and implementation of actions started co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
2. Ecosystem-based management in Maritime Spatial Planning is understood and used with civil society as key stakeholder Assessment of conflicts in the Case area Introduction of MSP as a tool to support ecosystem based planning testing HELCOM/VASAB Guidelines on public participation in MSP (trainings for local stakeholders) Case 1: fisheries impact on biodiversity (birds bycatch) State of play with seabirds (and marine mammals) bycatch Exchange of knowledge, capacity building regarding bycatch monitoring voluntary monitoring campaign with committed fishermen Case 2: large infrastructure projects (port and urban planning): evaluation of planning options for development of such projects drafting proposals for functional zoning of marine/coastal area co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Curonian Lagoon case
Kurgalskiy Nature Reserve Alert! Natural reserve of regional importance in Leningrad Region HELCOM Baltic Sea MPA RAMSAR site of international importance highest species diversity and the most undisturbed habitats in the region: 200 bird species, 700 vascular plant species, spawning ground for commercial fish, nesting and stopovers for marine birds, key sites for ringed seal etc. co-funded by EU LIFE Programme
Kurgalskiy Nature Reserve Alert! Villages forest belt destroying Tourist parkings in valuable parts of Peninsula Beach tourism development in valuable parts of Peninsula Sport grounds, camping or hostels building on every free slot of land Yacht and motorboating Restaurants and pubs building Cottages building in every village Ex-agricultural land destroying (meadows) Wetland destruction (river and sea dredging, coastal improvement ) Animal disturbance Habitat destruction Poaching and other violations Increased pollution (including waste) LOSS OF CONSERVATION VALUE OF RESERVE
Kronshtadtskaya Kolonia Nature Reserve Lebyazhy Nature Reserve HELCOM / Baltic MPA Kronshtadskaya Kolonia Nature Reserve sandwiched between Bronka Port and Lomonosov town port area on the east, and significantly impacted by Bronka port activities suspended sediments from dredging are spreading both along the southern coast and other parts of the Gulf of Finland, potentially impacting other areas Current reserve s borders Borders of valuable nature areas Proposed cut line Dredging works for the port approaches Nature reserve in front of the construction site Port of Bronka development site Bird eye view of the construction site
Kronshtadtskaya Kolonia Nature Reserve one of the very few such unique natural areas in the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland important breeding area for many species of marine birds and stopover for migrating birds, including those listed in the HELCOM s Red List of Baltic Breeding Birds Designated since 2013 for conservation of the nesting and mass resting sites of waterfowl birds on the White Sea Baltic migration route as a part of South shore of the Neva Bay In the vicininty of Lebyazhy Nature Reserve HELCOM MPA port expansion will create new risks for the Gulf of Finland, destruction of extracted wetlands and degradation of remaining area of the nature reserve
Steller s eider caught in a net. Photo:.Markus Vetemaa, in LIFE 05 NAT/LV/000100 Map showing cumulative numbers of the total annual bird bycatch in the Baltic Sea. From Žydelis et al., 2009. Low Impact Fisheries in the Baltic Sea modified and alternative
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