Ohta, M. and A. Takahashi. Analysis Of Nuclear Transmutation Induced From Metal Plus Multibody-Fusion- Products, Reaction PowerPoint slides. in Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 23. Cambridge, MA: LENR-CANR.org. Slide 1 ANALYSIS OF NUCLEAR TRANSMUTATION INDUCED FROM METAL PLUS MULTIBODY-FUSION- PRODUCTS REACTION * Masayuki OHTA Akito TAKAHASHI Department of Nuclear Engineering, Osaka University, JAPAN * mohta@newjapan.nucl.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp
Slide 2 R 1 R 2 FP1 FP2 FP1 + FP2 Elliptic-Deformation Dumbbell-Oscillation Scission Potential E(r) E f Ex Q E c E c E c = 1.44 Z 1 Z 2 /R : Coulomb repulsion E(r) = ε(r) 2 A 2/3 (6.88 -.1 Z 2 /A) : Elliptic deform Energy E c : Effective Coulomb Energy E x : Excitation Energy E f : Fission Barrier R eff = η (R 1 +R 2 ): Effecitve Scission Distance R eff R Fig. 1-1: Fission process and potential
Slide 3 7 E c Potential(M ev ) E() r E c V Tunnel Fission 2 E x E f Q E c V ( r) 2 7 8 9 1 a b R eff r ( fm) Fig. 1-2: Tunnel Fission
Slide 4 236 236 236 236 236 236 U U U M U U U M 92 79 88 9 Kr + 2 4 Zr + Mo + Ga + Kr + Rb+ 144 157 148 146 134 Ba 132 Te Pm Ba Cs Sn E f E x E f > E x Channel-open probability 1 < P i (E x ) <1 (Prompt Neutron Emission) U-235 JENDL3.2 (Therm alneutro n Fission) FP YIELD (%) 1.1.1.1 1 2 M ASS NUM BER Fig. 1-3: Selective Channel Scission
Slide 5 D + QED-photons Plasmon (H + +e - ) K-N electrons nucleus hν hν hν e - hν hν Rayleigh Scatt. hν hν hν D + hν Penetration Compton Scatt. & Photo-Electric hν hν e - 2D-model 1D-model Fig. 2-1: Multi-Photon Absorption in Pd nucleus by QED Coupling to PdDx Plasma Oscillation
Slide 6 t 23.84 < E photons <25.32 23.8 MeV plasmon t τ *» PPT -18 s 46 kev 4 He 46 kev 4 He 47.6 MeV Lattice Phonons > 6 (Plasmon Osci.) 47 kev d 2 kev 4 He τ * ~ -15 s 6 Li * (3+) photons 6 Li * (4-: P-wave) -16 s τ 8 Be e - (g.s: +) (> 3 ) e - ~ -15 s τ * 8 Be * P-wave: (3-,5-) or: (1-) or: (2+) photons d d d d d d d x nm x Fig. 2-2: Coherent X-rays for PdDx system
Slide 7 Multi-Photon Induced Fission Model Fig. 2-3: Multi-Photon Excitation
Slide 8
Slide 9 F P Y IE L D (%) 1 Pd-NATURAL LB-1 O Si S Ca Ti Cr Fe Ar V Mn K Ni Zn Cu Ga Ge Sr MPIF MIZUNO-EXP.1 5 15 2 25 35 45 ATOMIC NUMBER Fig. 2-5: Fission Product Yield for Atomic number (Pd photo-fission, LB-1 = 18 MeV)
Slide Pd-NATURAL LB-1 59 Fe STABLE, MPIF R.I., MPIF MIZUNO-EXP 42 Ar Fe 9 Sr FP YIE L D (%) 1.1 35 S 45 Ca 63 Ni 89 Sr.1.1 2 8 MASS NUMBER Fig. 2-6: Fission Product Yield for Mass number (Pd photo-fission, LB-1 = 18 MeV)
Slide 11 Nuclear Transmutation References: A.B. Karabut, Proc. ICCF9, 151 (22).
Slide 12 (a) Palladium Octahedral site (b) Tetrahedral site Fig. 3-1: 4D and 8D Fusions in Pd lattice
Slide 13 (a) (b) (c) (d) Fig. 3-2: Two-dimensional schematic view of coherent motion (a) incoherent (b) anti-coherent (2D) (c) coherent (3D) (d) coherent (4D)
Slide 14 PdD x PdH x Temperature coefficient (a.u.) optic acoustic Electron-phonon coupling constant Fig. 3-3: Superconducting transition temperature as a function of H(D) concentrations for PdH x and PdD x 1) Fig. 3-4: Temperature coefficient of electric resistance for PdD x (acoustical and optical phonon mode) 2) electron-phonon interaction under transient condition Enhancement of Screening Effect 3,4) References: [1]: R.W. Standley, M. Steinback and C.B. Satterthwaite, Superconductivity in PdHx(Dx) from.2 K to 4 K", Solid State Commun., 31, 81 (1979). [2]: J.P. Burger, Metal Hydrides, G. Bambakidis ed. (Plenum, 1981), p. 243. [3]: A. Takahashi, DRASTIC ENHANCEMENT OF D-CLUSTER FUSION BY ELECTRONIC QUASI-PARTICLE SCREENING, Proc. JCF4, 74 (22). [4]: M. Ohta et al., Possible Mechanism of Coherent Multibody Fusion, Proc. ICCF8, 3 (2).
Slide 15 Pd Be-8 M (Cs) capture.2 nm α Fig. 3-5: 8D multi-body reaction
Slide 16 Multi-body Fusion Reaction (1) 3D 6 Li * d + 4 He + 23.8 MeV (2) 4D 8 Be * 2 4 He + 47.6 MeV (3) 8D 16 O * (9.84 MeV) 2 8 Be + 95.2 MeV 8 Be* 2 4 He + 47.6 MeV 4D and 8D Fusions can be selective. 1) References: [1]: A. Takahashi, Proc. JCF4, 74 (22). Nuclear Transmutation (1) M + Photons FP1 + FP2 (Ti, Cr, Fe etc.) (2) M + 4 He M (Cd for Pd) FP1 + FP2 (Ti, Cr, Fe etc.) (3) M + 8 Be M (Sn for Pd, Pr for Cs, Mo for Sr) FP1 + FP2 (Ti, Cr, Fe etc.)
Slide 17 Table 3-1: Natural abundance of Pd isotopes and excitation energies of compound nucleus by + α and + 8 Be reactions Nuclides Natural abundance (%) + α (23.8 MeV) Excitation energy (MeV) + 8 Be (47.6 MeV) Excitation energy (MeV) 2Pd 1.2 6Cd * 25.4 1Sn *.4 4Pd 11.14 8Cd * 26.1 112Sn * 51.8 5Pd 22.33 9Cd * 26.3 113Sn * 52.5 6 Pd 27.33 1 Cd * 26.7 114 Sn * 53.2 8Pd 26.46 112Cd * 27.3 116Sn * 54.5 1Pd 11.72 114Cd * 27.9 118Sn * 55.8
Slide 18 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 C d-6 Q> MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 C d-1 Q> FISSION BARRIER (M ev) 2 FISSION BARRIER (M ev) 2 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 C d-8 Q> MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 C d-112 Q> FISSION BARRIER (MeV) 2 FISSION BARRIER (MeV) 2 FISSION BARRIER (MeV) MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 C d-9 Q> 2 FISSION BARRIER (MeV) MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 Cd-114 Q> 2 48Cd abundance( %) 6 1.2 8 11.14 9 22.33 1 27.33 112 26.46 114 11.72
Slide 19 Pd+ (P d:natural) SCS Ti Cr SCS M IZUNO-EXP FP YIELD (%) 1 C O Ne Mg Si S Ca V Mn Fe Ni Zn Se Kr Sr Zr Al Cu Mo.1 2 ATOMIC NUMBER Fig. 4-7 :Fission Product Yield for Atomic number (Pd+α)
Slide 2 Pd+ (P d:natural) SCS SCS M IZUNO -EXP FP YIELD (%) 1.1.1.1 2 8 M ASS NUM BER Fig. 4-8: Fission Product Yield for Mass number (Pd+α)
Slide 21 FISSION BARRIER (MeV) FISSION BARRIER (MeV) FISSION BARRIER (M ev) MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 Sn-1 Q> 2 7 8 9 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 Sn-112 Q> 2 7 8 9 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 Sn-113 Q> 2 7 8 9 FISSION BARRIER (MeV) FISSION BARRIER (MeV) FISSION BARRIER (M ev) MASS NUM BER OF FP 2 8 S n-114 Q> 2 7 8 9 MASS NUM BER OF FP 2 8 S n-116 Q> 2 7 8 9 MASS NUM BER OF FP 2 8 S n-118 Q> 2 7 8 9 48Sn abundance( %) 1 1.2 112 11.14 113 22.33 114 27.33 116 26.46 118 11.72
Slide 22 Pd+ 8 Be (Pd:NATURAL) SCS Cr SCS MIZUNO-EXP FP YIELD (%) 1 O Mg Ne Na Al P Si S Ca Ti Mn Fe Ni Zn Kr Sr Zr Y Se Rb Mo C V Cu Ru F Br Nb.1 2 ATOMIC NUMBER Fig. 5-7 :Fission Product Yield for Atomic number (Pd+ 8 Be)
Slide 23 Pd+ 8 Be (Pd:NATURAL) SCS SCS M IZUNO -EXP FP YIELD (%) 1.1.1.1 2 8 MASS NUMBER Fig. 5-8 :Fission Product Yield for Mass number (Pd+ 8 Be)
Slide 24 abundance (%) 1 Natural MIZUNO IW A M U R A Karabut Pd (MPIF) Pd+He-4 Pd+Be-8.1 Fe-54 Fe-56 Fe-57 Fe-58 Fig. 6-1: Comparison of isotopic ratio between natural Fe, SCS analysis and experiments.
Slide 25 Discussion Existence of 48 Cd and Sn in some 46 Pd-system experiment Cs Pr and Sr Mo in Mitsubishi experiment Suggestion of Pd + α and Pd + 8 Be reactions Nuclear transmutation (Production of Ti, Cr, Fe etc.) Suggestion of Fission (Pd-photo fission or Pd + α or Pd + 8 Be?)
Slide 26 Future work Application of mode analysis (e.g. U. Brosa et al., Phys. Rep. 197 (199) 167.) Analysis of γ-ray emission Conclusion Nuclear Transmutation was analyzed by Selective Channel Scission model. M + photons (e.g. A. Takahashi et al., Proc.ICCF8 p.397) M + 4 He M + 8 Be
Slide 27 Pd-NATURAL LB-2 MPIF MIZUNO-EXP FP YIELD (%) 1 O Ne Mg Ca Ar Si S Cl K P Ti Cr Fe Ni Zn Ge Mn V Se Kr Ga Co Cu As Sr.1 5 15 2 25 35 45 ATOMIC NUMBER
Slide 28 W-NATURAL LB=15M ev MPIF LB =15M ev MIZUNO-EXP F P Y IE L D (%) 1 He Ca Ti V Cr Mn Fe Zn N i Ge Se K r S r Z r Br Y Mo Ru Pd Cd Sn Te Xe Sb I Hf Ba Cs.1 2 7 8 ATOMIC NUMBER
Slide 29 Table: Top channel of Pd + α reaction (1) 6 Cd 12 C + 94 Mo + 1.28 MeV. (E f = 22.76 MeV) (2) 6 Cd 16 O + 9 Zr + 6.37 MeV. (E f = 23.44 MeV) (3) 6 Cd Ti + 56 Fe + 24.89 MeV. (E f = 24.78 MeV) (4) 6 Cd 52 Cr + 54 Cr + 25.21 MeV. (E f = 24.8 MeV) (5) 8 Cd Ti + 58 Fe + 24.32 MeV. (E f = 25.6 MeV) (6) 8 Cd 54 Cr + 54 Cr + 24. MeV. (E f = 25.9 MeV) (7) 9 Cd Ti + 59 Fe + 23.58 MeV. (E f = 25.65 MeV) (8) 8 Cd 16 O + 92 Zr + 3.94 MeV. (E f = 25.73 MeV) (9) 9 Cd 51 Ti + 58 Fe + 23.37 MeV. (E f = 25.85 MeV) () 9 Cd 54 Cr + 55 Cr + 23.53 MeV. (E f = 26.1 MeV)
Slide Table: Top channel of Pd + 8 Be reaction (1) 1 Sn 12 C + 98 Ru + 2.39 MeV. (E f = 35.87 MeV) (2) 112 Sn 12 C + Ru +.56 MeV. (E f = 37.53 MeV) (3) 1 Sn 16 O + 94 Mo + 7.31 MeV. (E f =.23 MeV) (4) 112 Sn 16 O + 96 Mo + 4.87 MeV. (E f = 42.46 MeV) (5) 1 Sn 15 N + 95 Tc +.8 MeV. (E f = 42.74 MeV) (6) 113 Sn 16 O + 97 Mo + 3.95 MeV. (E f = 43.28 MeV) (7) 114 Sn 16 O + 98 Mo + 2.29 MeV. (E f = 44.83 MeV) (8) 1 Sn 18 O + 92 Mo + 1.75 MeV. (E f = 45.34 MeV) (9) 1 Sn 17 O + 93 Mo + 1.78 MeV. (E f = 45.53 MeV) () 1 Sn 2 Ne + 9 Zr + 9.98 MeV. (E f = 45.61 MeV)
Slide 31 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 C d-6 Q> FISSION BARRIER (MeV) 2 Fig. 4-1: Fission barriers for Cd-6
Slide 32 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 C d-8 Q> FISSION BARRIER (MeV) 2 Fig. 4-2: Fission barriers for Cd-8
Slide 33 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 C d-9 Q> FISSIO N B A R R IE R (M ev ) 2 Fig. 4-3: Fission barriers for Cd-9
Slide 34 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 C d-1 Q> FISSIO N B A R R IE R (M ev ) 2 Fig. 4-4: Fission barriers for Cd-1
Slide 35 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 C d-112 Q> FISSIO N B A R R IE R (M ev ) 2 Fig. 4-5: Fission barriers for Cd-112
Slide 36 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 C d-114 Q> FISSIO N B A R R IE R (M ev ) 2 Fig. 4-6: Fission barriers for Cd-114
Slide 37 FISSIO N B A R R IE R (M ev ) 2 7 8 9 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 Sn-1 Q> Fig. 5-1: Fission barriers for Sn-1
Slide 38 FISSIO N B A R R IE R (M ev ) 2 7 8 9 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 Sn-112 Q> Fig. 5-2: Fission barriers for Sn-112
Slide 39 FISSIO N B A R R IE R (M ev ) 2 7 8 9 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 Sn-113 Q> Fig. 5-3: Fission barriers for Sn-113
Slide FISSION BARRIER (MeV) 2 7 8 9 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 Sn-114 Q> Fig. 5-4: Fission barriers for Sn-114
Slide 41 FISSIO N B A R R IE R (M ev ) 2 7 8 9 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 Sn-116 Q> Fig. 5-5: Fission barriers for Sn-116
Slide 42 FISSION BARRIER (MeV) 2 7 8 9 MASS NUMBER OF FP 2 8 Sn-118 Q> Fig. 5-6: Fission barriers for Sn-118