Name Date Class S.ID.1* SELECTED RESPONSE Select the correct answer. 1. The data sets below show the numbers of cookies purchased by students at a bake sale. Which of the data sets is represented by the dot plot? 2 2 4 4 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 2 4 4 2 3 3 2 1 1 3 5 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 4 5 1 3 4 4 3 2 2 3 1 3 1 4 4 5 1 1 1 2 2 2. The data below are the percent change in population of 20 states between 1950 and 1960. Which of the following set of intervals should be used to make a histogram of the data? 3.7 5.3 6.8 7 8.1 10.2 13.3 13.7 14.7 15.5 18.3 21.8 21.9 21.9 24.1 25.5 31.1 31.5 39.4 39.9 5.0% to 9.9%, 10.0% to 19.9%, 20.0% to 29.9%, and 30.0% to 34.9% 0.0% to 9.9%, 10.0% to 19.9%, 20.0% to 29.9%, and 30.0% to 39.9% 0.0% to 9.9%, 10.0% to 14.9%, 15.0% to 19.9%, 20.0% to 24.9%, 25.0% to 29.9%, and 30.0% to 39.9% 0.0% to 9.9%, 10.0% to 29.9%, and 30% to 39.9% Select all correct answers. 3. The data below are the distances (in megaparsecs) from Earth of several nebulae outside the Milky Way galaxy. Which of the following values are necessary to make a box plot of the data? (All computed values have been rounded to three decimal places.) 0.032 0.214 0.263 0.450 0.500 0.800 0.900 1.000 1.100 1.400 1.700 2.000 0.032 megaparsec 0.357 megaparsec 0.377 megaparsec 0.850 megaparsec 0.863 megaparsec 1.250 megaparsecs 1.350 megaparsecs 2.000 megaparsecs CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 4. The data below are the number of beds in a sample of 15 nursing homes in New Mexico in 1988. 44 59 59 60 62 65 80 80 90 96 100 110 116 120 135 a. Find the minimum and maximum of the data. b. Find the first, second, and third quartiles. c. Make a box plot of the data. Algebra 1 103 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class 5. The data below are the average annual starting salaries (in thousands of dollars) of 20 randomly selected college graduates. Make a dot plot of the data values. 42 37 40 37 45 39 43 47 36 34 40 43 42 40 37 44 36 46 39 35 8. The following data values are the percents of the vote that the Democratic candidate won in 20 randomly selected states in the 1984 presidential election. 37.5 33.9 43.1 48.1 27.9 48.7 42.3 39.0 20.9 45.6 26.4 28.7 30.1 35.5 38.2 47.7 41.8 44.0 47.5 48.6 a. Order the data. 6. For the following data, create a dot plot and a box plot. 1 7 4 15 10 3 17 6 14 14 3 6 9 7 11 b. Choose reasonable intervals and make a frequency table. Percent Interval Frequency 7. Billy incorrectly made a box plot for the following data. His work is shown below. Identify and correct his errors. The following data are the amounts of potassium, in grams, per serving in randomly selected breakfast cereals. 25 25 30 30 35 35 40 45 50 55 60 60 60 70 85 90 95 95 105 Billy s box plot: c. Create a histogram of the data. Algebra 1 104 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class S.ID.2* SELECTED RESPONSE Select the correct answer. 1. What is the best measure of center to use to compare the two data sets? Grams of sugar per serving in cereal brand A: Grams of sugar per serving in cereal brand B: Median Either the mean or the median Interquartile range Either the standard deviation or the interquartile range 2. What is the best measure of center to use to compare the two data sets? Data Set A: Data Set B: Median Either the mean or the median Interquartile range Either the standard deviation or the interquartile range 3. What is the best measure of spread to use to compare the two data sets? Income of ten recent graduates from college A (in thousands of dollars per year): 0 35 38 39 45 47 50 51 52 52 Income of ten recent graduates from college B (in thousands of dollars per year): 29 35 36 37 38 39 41 42 46 400 Median Either the mean or the median Interquartile range Either the standard deviation or the interquartile range Select all correct answers. 4. Set A below is skewed left, set B is roughly symmetric, and set C is skewed right. Choose the values below that should be used to compare the spread of the data sets. Set A Set B Set C 23 35 40 42 38 42 43 42 44 48 45 45 55 49 45 56 52 47 57 57 49 59 61 70 5.0 8.5 8.8 13.5 14.0 14.5 46.9 47.8 Algebra 1 105 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 5. The annual salaries (in thousands of dollars) of 15 randomly selected employees at two small companies are given. Indicate the shape of the data distributions. Then, compare the center and spread of the data and justify your method of doing so. Company 1: 22 36 37 37 37 39 39 42 42 45 45 46 46 150 200 Company 2: 21 37 38 38 38 39 42 45 45 46 46 47 48 62 250 6. The heights, in inches, of randomly selected members of a choral company are given according to their voice part. Soprano Alto Tenor Bass (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) 60 60 64 66 62 61 66 68 62 62 66 68 64 63 67 69 65 64 68 70 65 65 70 70 66 66 72 71 66 69 73 72 67 70 74 73 68 72 76 75 a. Which two voice parts typically have the tallest singers? Explain why you chose the statistic you used to compare the data sets. b. Which two voice parts typically have singers that vary the most in height? Explain why you chose the statistic you used to compare the data sets. Algebra 1 106 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class S.ID.3* SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers. 1. If the extreme values are removed from this data set, which of the following statistics change by more than 1? 10 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 43 44 45 45 45 46 65 Mean Standard deviation Median Interquartile range Range Select the correct answer. 2. The data set below shows 15 students scores on a test. Describe the shape of the data distribution if the student who scored 100 is not included in the data set. 70 72 73 74 74 75 75 75 75 76 77 77 78 80 100 The data distribution is skewed right. The data distribution is symmetric. The data distribution is skewed left. It is impossible to determine the shape of the data distribution. 3. The ages of ten employees at a small company are shown below. 30, 32, 35, 35, 38, 38, 38, 40, 40, 45 If the data set were expanded to include a new employee who is 20 years old, how would the mean of the data set change? The mean decreases by 2 years. The mean decreases by about 1.6 years. The mean increases by about 1.6 years. The mean does not change. Select the correct answer for each lettered part. 4. The table shows the batting averages of 12 professional baseball players last season. If the value 0.360 is removed from the data set, how do each of the following statistics change? 0.360 0.325 0.325 0.319 0.305 0.296 0.296 0.291 0.285 0.279 0.279 0.277 a. Mean Decreases No change Increases b. Median Decreases No change Increases c. Standard deviation Decreases No change Increases d. Interquartile range Decreases No change Increases e. Range Decreases No change Increases Algebra 1 107 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 5. The values of several homes sold by a realtor are listed below. $150,000 $175,000 $175,000 $200,000 $200,000 $200,000 $225,000 $250,000 $250,000 $400,000 a. Create a line plot for the data, where the points represent the values in thousands of dollars. Describe the shape of the data. b. What value(s) in the data set are outliers? Explain. c. If the outlier(s) from part b are removed, how do the median and interquartile range change? How does the shape of the data change? 6. The table shows Amanda s scores on her last 15 quizzes. 70 72 75 76 76 77 78 80 80 82 83 84 87 90 90 Suppose on her next quiz, Amanda scores a 96. a. How does the shape of the data distribution change if 96 is included? b. How does the mean of the data set change if 96 is included? the median? c. How does the standard deviation change if 96 is included? the interquartile range? Round your answers to the nearest tenth. Algebra 1 108 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class S.ID.4* For items that ask you to use the standard normal distribution, refer to the standard normal table on the next page. SELECTED RESPONSE Select the correct answer. 1. The scores for the mathematics portion of a standardized test are normally distributed with a mean of 514 points and a standard deviation of 117 points. What is the probability that a randomly selected student has a score of 610 points or less on the test? Use the standard normal distribution to estimate the probability. 29.4% 79.4% 20.6% 68% 2. If the mean of a data set is 20, the standard deviation is 1.5, and the distribution of the data values is approximately normal, about 95% of the data values fall in what interval centered on the mean? 18.5 to 21.5 15.5 to 24.5 17 to 23 14 to 26 Select all correct answers. 3. Which of the following data sets are NOT likely to be normally distributed? The day of the month on which randomly selected students were born The final exam scores of all students taking the same class and given the same final exam in a large school district The number of wheels on the next 100 vehicles that pass by a point along a highway The heights of tenth-grade male students at a large high school The IQs of the students at a large high school Use the following information to match each interval of weights with the approximate percent of the data values that fall within that interval. A data set consisting of the weights of 50 jars of honey has a mean weight of 435 grams with a standard deviation of 2.5 grams. The data distribution is approximately normal. 4. 432.5 g to 435 g 5. 427.5 g to 442.5 g 6. 432.5 g to 437.5 g 7. 430 g to 440 g 8. Greater than 440 g 9. Less than 435 g CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE A 2.5% B 16% C 34% D 50% E 68% F 84% G 95% H 99.7% 10. The IQ scores of the students at a school are normally distributed with a mean of 100 points and a standard deviation of 15 points. Use the standard normal distribution to estimate each percent. a. The percent of students with an IQ score below 80 points b. The percent of students with an IQ score below 127 points 11. The wing lengths of houseflies are normally distributed with a mean of 45.5 mm and a standard deviation of 3.92 mm. Use the standard normal distribution to estimate each percent. a. The percent of houseflies with wing lengths over 35 millimeters b. The percent of houseflies with wing lengths over 50 millimeters Algebra 1 109 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class 12. The grapefruits harvested at a large orchard have a mean mass of 482 grams with a standard deviation of 31 grams. Assuming that the masses of these grapefruits are approximately normally distributed, Jess uses the 68-95-99.7 rule to estimate the percent of grapefruits that have masses between 451 grams and 544 grams. Jess incorrectly reasons that since 451 grams is 2 standard deviations below the mean and 544 is 2 standard deviations above the mean, 95% of the grapefruits have masses between 451 grams and 544 grams. Identify his error and determine the correct estimate. 13. The heights of the male students at Bart s school are normally distributed with a mean of 68 inches and a standard deviation of 2 inches. a. What percent of the male students at Bart s school are more than 68 inches tall? Explain. b. What percent of the male students at Bart s school are less than 64 inches tall? Explain. (Hint: Use the 68-95-99.7 rule.) 14. The scores on a recent district-wide math test are normally distributed with a mean of 82 points and a standard deviation of 5 points. Use the standard normal distribution to answer each question. a. What percent of students scored between 70 and 75 on the test? Show your work. b. What percent of students scored at least 90 on the test? Show your work. c. What percent of students scored at most 65 on the test? Show your work. Standard Normal Table z.0.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9 3.0013.0010.0007.0005.0003.0002.0002.0001.0001.0000+ 2.0228.0179.0139.0107.0082.0062.0047.0035.0026.0019 1.1587.1357.1151.0968.0808.0668.0548.0446.0359.0287 0.5000.4602.4207.3821.3446.3085.2743.2420.2119.1841 0.5000.5398.5793.6179.6554.6915.7257.7580.7881.8159 1.8413.8643.8849.9032.9192.9332.9452.9554.9641.9713 2.9772.9821.9861.9893.9918.9938.9953.9965.9974.9981 3.9987.9990.9993.9995.9997.9998.9998.9999.9999 1.000 (Note: In the table,.0000+ means slightly more than 0 and 1.000 means slightly less than 1.) Algebra 1 110 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class S.ID.5* SELECTED RESPONSE Select the correct answer. 1. Carly surveyed some of her fellow students to determine whether they are more afraid of spiders or snakes, are equally afraid of both, or are afraid of neither. She organized the data into the two-way relative frequency table below. What is the joint relative frequency of the students surveyed who are boys and are equally afraid of both snakes and spiders? Spiders Snakes Both Neither Total Boys 0.23 0.17 0.06 0.04 0.49 Girls 0.21 0.19 0.09 0.02 0.51 Total 0.43 0.36 0.15 0.06 1 (Note: Rounding may cause the totals to be off by 0.01.) 0.06 0.09 0.15 0.40 Select all correct answers. 2. Which of the following statements are supported by the survey data in the two-way frequency table? Right-handed Left-handed Total Males 82 23 105 Females 79 16 95 Total 161 39 200 The joint relative frequency that a person surveyed is female and left-handed is about 0.168, or 16.8%. The conditional relative frequency that a person surveyed is female, given that the person is right-handed, is about 0.4907, or 49.07%. The joint relative frequency that a person surveyed is male and is right-handed is about 0.41, or 41%. The conditional relative frequency that a person surveyed is right-handed, given that the person is male, is about 0.5093, or 50.93%. The marginal relative frequency that a person surveyed is left-handed is about 0.195, or 19.5%. Algebra 1 111 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class Match each situation with the correct value. A magazine conducts a survey of a high school graduating class to ask whether the students plan to attend a four-year college, attend a two-year college, enter the military, or get a job. Match the situation with its value, based on the two-way frequency table, rounded to two decimal places as necessary. Women Men Total Four-Year College 63 75 138 Two-Year College 12 18 30 Military 8 10 18 Job 15 10 25 Total 98 113 211 3. The joint relative frequency of students surveyed who are men and plan to attend a four-year college 4. The marginal relative frequency of students surveyed who plan to enter the military 5. The conditional relative frequency that a student plans to get a job, given that the student is a woman A 0.06 B 0.07 C 0.09 D 0.15 E 0.36 F 0.65 6. The conditional relative frequency that a student is a woman, given that the student plans to attend a two-year college CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 7. The manager of a factory tested 50 items produced during each of the three work shifts. The data are summarized in the two-way frequency table below. 1st shift 2nd shift 3rd shift Total Not defective 48 49 41 138 Defective 2 1 9 12 Total 50 50 50 150 a. What is the conditional relative frequency that a tested item is defective, given that it was produced during the first shift? during the second shift? during the third shift? b. Does one shift seem more likely to produce a defective product than the other two shifts? Explain using the results from part a. Algebra 1 112 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class S.ID.6a* SELECTED RESPONSE Select the correct answer. 1. The data for the distance d, in miles, remaining for a train to travel to its destination t hours after it departs a station are shown in the scatter plot. Which of the following functions best fits the data? Select all correct answers. 3. Emile collects data about the amount of oil A, in gallons, used to heat his house per month for 5 months and the average monthly temperature t, in degrees Fahrenheit, for those months. The scatter plot shows the data. The function A(t) = 1.4t + 96 best fits these data. Use A(t) to determine which of the following statements are true. d(t) = 50t + 300 d(t) = 50t d(t) = 50t + 300 d(t) = 50t 2. Darnell is tracking the number of touchdowns t and the number of points p his favorite football team scores each game this season. He made a scatter plot to display the data. Which of the following functions for the relationship between the number of points scored per game and the number of touchdowns scored per game could be the line of best fit passing through the points (1, 10), (3, 24), and (5, 38) on the scatter plot? p(t) = 7 p(t) = 7t + 3 p(t) = 7t + 3 p(t) = 7t 3 Emile would use about 82 gallons of oil to heat his house for a month with average temperature 10 F. Emile would use about 85 gallons of oil to heat his house for a month with average temperature 15 F. Emile would use 0 gallons of oil to heat his house for a month with average temperature 70 F. Emile would use about 5 gallons of oil to heat his house for a month with average temperature 55 F. Emile would use 96 gallons of oil to heat his house for a month with average temperature 0 F. Algebra 1 113 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 4. The data for the height h, in meters, a hot air balloon is above the ground in terms of time t, in minutes, after it starts descending are shown in the table. Time, t (minutes) Height, h (meters) 10 1100 15 900 20 800 25 700 30 500 a. Construct a scatter plot of the data and use the data points at t = 10 and t = 30 to draw a line of best fit. c. Use the linear function from part b to predict the height of the hot air balloon when it started to descend. Explain. d. Use the linear function from part b to predict how long, to the nearest minute, it takes for the hot air balloon to descend to the ground. Explain. 5. A company moved to a new office building 8 years ago. The relationship between the number of workers w and the time t, in years, after the company moved is shown in the scatter plot. b. Use the results from part a to write a linear function that represents the line of best fit. Show your work. Suppose a linear function that fits the data is w(t) = 25 3 t + 95. Using that result 3 and the point corresponding to t = 8, predict the number of new workers the company will have two years from now. Explain. Algebra 1 114 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class S.ID.6b* SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers. 1. The table shows the median weight, in pounds, of babies born at a particular hospital for the first 6 months after they are born. The line y = 1.7x + 8.1 is fit to the data in the table, resulting in the residual plot below. Which of the following are true? Age (months) Median weight (pounds) 0 7.4 1 9.9 2 12.3 3 13.1 4 15.4 5 16.9 6 17.5 The residuals do not appear to follow a pattern. The residuals are mostly below the x-axis. The residuals are relatively small compared to the data values. The residuals are relatively large compared to the data values. The line is a good fit to the data. Select the correct answer. 2. The plot shows the residuals when a line is fit to a set of data. Based on the residual plot, which statement best describes how well the line fits the data? The line is a good fit because the residuals are all close to the x-axis and are randomly distributed about the x-axis. The line is not a good fit because the residuals are not all close to the x-axis. The line is not a good fit because the residuals are not randomly distributed about the x-axis The line is not a good fit because the residuals are not all close to the x-axis and are not randomly distributed about the x-axis. Algebra 1 115 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 3. The table shows the time, in seconds, of the men s gold-medal-winning 400 m runner at the Olympics from 1948 to 1968. Year 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 Time (sec) 46.30 46.09 46.85 45.07 45.15 43.86 a. Draw a scatter plot of the data. b. The line y = 0.14x + 46.65, where x is the number of years after 1948 and y is the winning time in seconds, is fit to the data. Draw the line on the scatter plot. c. Complete the table with the values predicted by the function in part b, and then plot the residuals on the graph below. Year Actual time (sec) 1948 46.30 1952 46.09 1956 46.85 1960 45.07 1964 45.15 1968 43.86 Predicted time (sec) Residual (sec) d. Use your results from part c to describe the fit of the line. Algebra 1 116 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class S.ID.6c* SELECTED RESPONSE Select the correct answer. 1. The scatter plot shown suggests the association between the values of x with the values of y is linear. What is the y-intercept, rounded to two decimal places, of the linear function that represents the line of best fit? 2. The scatter plot shows the relationship between the time t, in years after 1900, and the life expectancy L, in years, at birth for a certain country. Do the data on the scatter plot suggest a linear association? If so, what is a function that represents the line of best fit? 1.96 11.15 11.41 22.36 Yes; L(t) = 39.67t + 0.37 Yes; L(t) = 0.24t + 74.33 Yes; L(t) = 0.37t + 39.67 No; the data on the scatter plot do not suggest a linear association. Select all correct answers. 3. The relationship between the amount of data downloaded d, in megabytes, and the time t, in seconds, after the download started is shown. The data points on the scatter plot suggest a linear association. Which of the following statements are true? The data points on the scatter plot suggest a negative correlation. The data points on the scatter plot suggest a positive correlation. For every second that passes, about 1 additional megabyte is downloaded. For every second that passes, about 0.5 additional megabyte is downloaded. The function that represents the line of best fit is approximately d(t) = 0.51t 1.04. The function that represents the line of best fit is approximately d(t) = 1.04t + 0.51. Algebra 1 117 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 4. The table shows the relationship between the average price for a gallon of milk p, in dollars, in terms of time t, in years after 1995. When the data is plotted on a scatter plot, the data suggest a linear association. Time, t (years after 1995) Price, p (dollars) 1 2.62 3 2.70 5 2.78 6 2.88 9 3.15 12 3.40 14 3.30 16 3.57 a. Find a linear function that represents the line of best fit. Round the slope and p-intercept to two decimal places. 5. A bottled water company is examining the sales of its product. The executives are analyzing the number of bottles sold per year b, in millions, as a function of time t, in years since 1990. The data are shown in the table. Time, t (years) Bottles sold, b (millions) 1 1.6 3 2.3 5 3.1 6 3.5 8 4.2 9 4.4 11 5.1 14 5.9 16 6.4 18 7.1 a. Sketch points on the scatter plot using the data from the table. b. Use the results from part a to estimate the average price for a gallon of milk in 2006 to the nearest cent. Explain. b. The function b(t) = 0.32t + 1.47 represents the line of best fit for the data. About how many more bottles were sold in 2007 than in 1992? Explain. Algebra 1 118 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class S.ID.7* SELECTED RESPONSE Select the correct answer. 1. The linear equation c = 0.1998s + 76.4520 models the number of calories c in a beef hot dog as a function of the amount of sodium s, in milligrams, in the hot dog. What is the slope, and what does it mean in this context? The slope is 0.1998. The number of calories is increased by 0.1998 for each 1 milligram increase in sodium. The slope is 0.1998. The amount of sodium, in milligrams, is increased by 0.1699 for each increase of 1 calorie. The slope is 76.4520. This is the number of calories in a beef hot dog with no sodium. The slope is 76.4520. This is the amount of sodium, in milligrams, in a beef hot dog with no calories. 2. The linear equation c = 6.5n + 1500 models cost c, in dollars, to produce n toys at a toy factory. What is the c-intercept, and what does it mean in this context? The c-intercept is 6.5. The cost increases by $6.50 for each toy produced. The c-intercept is 6.5. The number of toys produced increases by about 6.5 for each $1 increase in cost. The c-intercept is 1500. It costs $1500 to run the factory if no toys are produced. The c-intercept is 1500. The factory can produce 1500 toys at no cost. Select the correct answer for each lettered part. 3. The linear equation p = 2376t + 73,219 estimates the number of college seniors p who graduated with a bachelor s degree in psychology t years after 2000. The linear equation b = 2,376t + 56,545 models the number of college seniors b who graduated with a bachelor s degree in biology t years after 2000. Classify each statement. a. The number of psychology degrees increases by about True False 73,219 each year. b. The number of biology degrees increases by about 2376 True False each year. c. About 73,000 students graduated with degrees in True False psychology in 2000. d. About 57 students graduated with degrees in biology in True False 2000. e. In 2000, more students graduated with psychology degrees than biology degrees. True False Algebra 1 119 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 4. The function d(t) = 2.05t + 1.27 models the depth of the water d, in centimeters, of a filling bathtub at time t, in minutes. What does the slope of the function represent in the context of the problem? What does the d-intercept represent in the context of the problem? Include any units in your answers. 6. The table below shows the height h, in meters, of a tree that is t years old. Age (in years) Height (in meters) 1 0.7 2 1.3 3 1.8 4 2.5 5 3.1 6 3.8 7 4.2 8 4.9 9 5.5 10 6.2 a. Make a scatter plot of the data from the table. 5. The function c(r) = 2r + 12.5 represents the cost c, in dollars, of riding r rides at a carnival. a. How much does it cost to get into the carnival? Explain. b. How much does each ride cost? Explain. b. Find a line of best fit. c. Identify and interpret the slope of the line from part b. d. Identify and interpret the h-intercept of the line from part b. Algebra 1 120 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class S.ID.8* SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers. 1. Which of the following correlation coefficients indicate a strong linear correlation? 0.872691 0.658799 0.125866 0.568962 0.798264 0.989862 Select the correct answer. 2. What is the correlation coefficient of linear fit for the following data set? Use technology to find the correlation coefficient. Assume x is the independent variable. x y 1.4 4.7 2.3 5.0 4.5 7.4 5.8 8.6 3.2 6.7 1.9 4.2 8.7 11.4 5.5 8.0 6.7 10.4 3. What is the type and strength of the linear correlation in the following data, using x as the dependent variable? Use technology if necessary. x y 1.2 5.3 3.2 6.7 3.3 3.3 4.5 4.3 6.1 5.5 6.3 2.1 7.1 0.5 9.6 0.75 9 4.1 Strong negative correlation Weak negative correlation Weak positive correlation Strong positive correlation CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 4. Consider the following scatter plot. Use technology to find the line of best fit, using x as the independent variable and y as the dependent variable. What happens to y as x increases? Find the correlation coefficient. How strong a fit is the line? Explain. 0.982478 0.328699 0.328699 0.982478 Algebra 1 121 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class 5. The table lists the latitude of several cities in the Northern Hemisphere along with their average annual temperatures. Average City Latitude Annual Temp. Bangkok, 13.7 N 82.6 F Thailand Cairo, Egypt 30.1 N 71.4 F London, 51.5 N 51.8 F England Moscow, 55.8 N 39.4 F Russia New Delhi, 28.6 N 77.0 F India Tokyo, Japan 35.7 N 58.1 F Vancouver, 49.2 N 49.6 F Canada a. Use technology to find the correlation coefficient of a linear fit using latitude as the independent variable and average annual temperature as the dependent variable. b. Describe the correlation. Explain how you arrived at your answer. 6. The table shows the annual expenditures on entertainment and reading per person over 10 years. Between entertainment and reading, which is more strongly correlated with the passage of time? Describe each correlation as part of your answer. Year Entertainment Reading 2000 $1863 $146 2001 $1953 $141 2002 $2079 $139 2003 $2060 $127 2004 $2218 $130 2005 $2388 $126 2006 $2376 $117 2007 $2698 $118 2008 $2835 $116 2009 $2693 $110 Algebra 1 122 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class S.ID.9* SELECTED RESPONSE Select the correct answer. 1. Susan measures her son Jeremy s height at various ages. The results are shown below. Which of the following is a statement of causation? Age (years) Height (inches) 8 44 9 48 10 52 11 55 12 58 13 62 When Jeremy was 13 years old, he was 62 inches tall. There appears to be a relationship between Jeremy s age and height. As Jeremy s age increases, his height also increases. Jeremy s age affects his height. Select all correct answers. 2. Jewelers consider weight, cut grade, color, and clarity when pricing diamonds. In researching jewelry prices, Yvonne makes the following statements based on her observations. Which of the statements are statements of causation? Heavier diamonds tend to be sold at higher prices. A particular diamond costs $264. Higher clarity drives up the price of a diamond. There appears to be a relationship between color and price. A darker color decreases a diamond s clarity. Diamonds with lower cut grades seem to sell at lower prices. Select the correct answer for each lettered part. 3. Identify each of the following statements as a statement of correlation, a statement of causation, or neither. 1. Taller people tend to have bigger hands. 2. Being tall makes your hands bigger. 3. Shorter people tend to have smaller hands. 4. Being short makes your hands smaller. 5. I m 6 8 and I have bigger hands than anyone else in my family. a. Statement 1 Correlation Causation Neither b. Statement 2 Correlation Causation Neither c. Statement 3 Correlation Causation Neither d. Statement 4 Correlation Causation Neither e. Statement 5 Correlation Causation Neither Algebra 1 123 Common Core Assessment Readiness
Name Date Class CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 4. The table below shows the approximate diameters (in miles) and number of moons for each of the eight planets in our solar system. Calculate the correlation coefficient, r, of the data to three decimal places. What kind of correlation, if any, exists between diameter and number of moons? Does a planet s diameter influence the number of moons it has? Explain. Planet Diameter Moons (miles) Mercury 3032 0 Venus 7521 0 Earth 7926 1 Mars 4222 2 Jupiter 88,846 62 Saturn 74,898 33 Uranus 31,763 27 Neptune 30,778 13 5. The table below lists the departure delay times (in minutes) and arrival delay times (in minutes) for 10 flights. (A negative delay time means a flight departed/arrived ahead of schedule.) Departure Delay Times (minutes) 10 5 Arrival Delay Times (minutes) 7 6 0 1 0 1 5 3 8 10 10 7 10 12 15 15 20 23 a. Is there a correlation between departure delay times and arrival delay times? Explain. b. Are departure delay times responsible for all arrival delay times? Explain. c. Are arrival delay times responsible for all departure delay times? Explain. Algebra 1 124 Common Core Assessment Readiness
S.ID.1* Answers 1. C 2. B 3. A, B, D, F, H 4. a. The minimum data value is 44 beds. The maximum data value is 135 beds. b. The second quartile is 80 beds. The first quartile is 60 beds. The third quartile is 110 beds. c. a. 0.5 point for each value b. 0.5 point for each value c. 1.5 points for box plot 5. Order the data: 34 35 36 36 37 37 37 39 39 40 40 40 42 42 43 43 44 45 46 47 2 points 6. Order the data: 1 3 3 4 6 6 7 7 9 10 11 14 14 15 17 7. Billy misidentified the first, second, and third quartiles. The first quartile is 35 grams, the second quartile is 55 grams, and the third quartile is 85 grams. 1 point for identifying the mistake; 1 point for each corrected quartile; 2 points for the box plot 8. a. 20.9 26.4 27.9 28.7 30.1 33.9 35.5 37.5 38.2 39.0 41.8 42.3 43.1 44.0 45.6 47.5 47.7 48.1 48.6 48.7 b. Possible answer: Percent Interval Frequency 20.0% to 24.9% 1 25.0% to 29.9% 3 30.0% to 34.9% 2 35.0% to 39.9% 4 40.0% to 44.9% 4 45.0% to 49.9% 6 c. The five-number summary for the data is 1, 4, 7, 14, 17. 1 point for the dot plot; 2 points for the box plot a. 0.5 point b. 1.5 points for reasonable intervals; 1 point for accurate table c. 2 points Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 65 Common Core Assessment Readiness
S.ID.2* Answers 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A, E, F 5. Sample distributions are shown for reference. 6. Sample distributions are shown for reference. The salary distributions for both companies are skewed right. Since the data sets are skewed right, the centers should be compared using the medians and the spreads should be compared using the interquartile range. The median salary of company 1 is $42,000 and the median salary of company 2 is $45,000. The first quartile for company 1 is $37,000 and the third quartile is $46,000. The spread of the salaries at company 1 is $46,000 $37,000 = $9000. The first quartile for company 2 is $38,000 and the third quartile is $47,000. The spread of the salaries at company 2 is $47,000 $38,000 = $9000. The center salary at company 2 is higher, while the spread of the salaries of the two companies are the same. 0.5 point for the shape of each distribution; 1 point for using the median and interquartile range; 0.5 point each for the medians of each company; 0.5 point each for the interquartile ranges of each company; 1 point for comparison a. Each of the data sets is roughly symmetric, so the mean or median could be used to compare the centers of the data sets. The mean will be used here. The mean height of the sopranos is 64.5 inches, the mean height of the altos is 65.2 inches, the mean height of the tenors is 69.6 inches, and the mean height of the basses is 70.2 inches. The tenors and the basses tend to be the tallest singers, on average. b. Each of the data sets is roughly symmetric, so the standard deviation or interquartile range could be used to compare the spreads of each data set. The standard deviation will be used here. The standard deviation of the sopranos is about 2.38 inches, the standard deviation of the altos is about 3.82 inches, the standard deviation of the tenors is about 3.8 inches, and the standard deviation of the basses is about 2.52 inches. So, the heights of the altos and the tenors tend to vary the most. Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 66 Common Core Assessment Readiness
a. 1 point for recognizing that the data are symmetric and using the mean or median; 0.25 point for each mean or median; 1 point for correct comparison based on the values found (mean or median) b. 1 point for recognizing that the data are symmetric and using the standard deviation or interquartile range; 0.25 point for each standard deviation or interquartile range; 1 point for correct comparison based on the values found (standard deviation or interquartile range) Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 67 Common Core Assessment Readiness
S.ID.3* Answers 1. B, E 2. B 3. B 4. a. Decreases b. Does not change c. Decreases d. Does not change e. Decreases 5. a. The data are skewed to the right. b. $400,000 is an outlier. The interquartile range is $250,000 $175,000 = $75,000. $250,000 + 1.5($75,000) = $362,500, so any value larger than $362,500 is considered an outlier. c. The median is $200,000 for both data sets, so the median does not change. The interquartile range decreases from $250,000 $175,000 = $75,000 to $237,500 $175,000 = $62,500. The data distribution is now roughly symmetric. a. 1 point for line plot; 0.5 point for shape b. 0.5 point for answer; 0.5 point for explanation c. 0.5 point for each description 6. a. A sample distribution is shown for reference. When 96 is included in the data set, the data distribution skews slightly to the right. b. Without the score of 96 points, the mean is 1200 = 80 points. With the 15 score of 96 points included, the mean is 1296 = 81 points. So, the mean 16 increases by 1 point if 96 is included in the data set. Without the score of 96 points, the median of the data set is 80 points. With the score of 96 points included, 80 + 80 the median is = 80 points. So, 2 the median does not change if 96 is included in the data set. c. Without the score of 96 points, the standard deviation is about 5.8 points. With the score of 96 points included, the standard deviation is about 6.9 points. Therefore, the standard deviation increases by about 1.1 points if 96 is included in the data set. Without the score of 96 points, the IQR is 84 76 = 8 points. With the value of 96 points included, the IQR is 87 + 84 76 = 9.5 points. Therefore, 2 the IQR increases by 1.5 points if 96 is included in the data set. a. 1 point b. 1 point for each statistic c. 1 point for each statistic Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 68 Common Core Assessment Readiness
S.ID.4* Answers 1. C 2. B 3. A, C 4. C 5. H 6. E 7. G 8. A 9. D 80 100 10. a. z 80 = = 20 15 15 1.3; P( z z 80 ) 0.0912 = 9.12% 127 100 b. z 127 = = 27 15 15 = 1.8; P( z z 127 ) 0.9641 = 96.41% (Note: Answers may vary depending on the method of finding the area under the normal curve.) 1 point for each part 35 45.5 11. a. z 35 = = 10.5 3.92 3.92 2.7; P( z > z 35 )= 1 P( z z 35 ) 0.9963 = 99.63% 50 45.5 b. z 50 = = 4.5 3.92 3.92 1.1; P( z > z 50 )= 1 P( z z 35 ) 0.1255 = 12.55% (Note: Answers may vary depending on the method of finding the area under the normal curve.) 1 point for each part 12. His error is that 451 grams represents only 1 standard deviation below the mean, not 2 standard deviations below the mean. To correct his error, subtract the percent of the population that falls between 2 standard deviations below the mean and 1 standard deviation below the mean. 95 95 68 2 = 95 13.5 = 81.5 So, about 81.5% of the grapefruits have masses between 451 grams and 544 grams. 1 point for identifying the error; 2 points for the correct estimate 13. a. Since the heights of the male students in Bart s class are normally distributed, 50% of the students will be taller than the mean height. So, 50% of the male students in Bart s class are more than 68 inches tall. b. Since 64 = 68 2(2), the value is 2 standard deviations below the mean. The 68-95-99.7 rule indicates that 95% will be within 2 standard deviations, 4 inches, of the mean height. Male students less than 64 inches tall are half of the 5% of male students who are taller than 68 + 4 = 72 inches or shorter than 68 4 = 64 inches. So, 2.5% of the male students in Bart s class are less than 64 inches tall. a. 1 point for answer; 1 point for explanation b. 1 point for answer; 1 point for recognizing the given height is 2 standard deviations from the mean; 1 point for recognizing that it s necessary to divide the 5% by 2 Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 69 Common Core Assessment Readiness
70 82 14. a. z 70 = = 12 = 2.4 and 5 5 75 82 z 75 = = 7 5 5 = 1.4; P( z 70 z z 75 )= P( z z 75 ) P( z z 70 )= 0.0808 0.0082 = 0.0726 = 7.26% So, 7.26% of the students scored between 70 and 75 on the test. 90 82 b. z 90 = = 8 5 5 = 1.6; P( z z 90 )= 1 P( z z 90 )= 1 0.9452 = 0.0548 = 5.48% So, 5.48% of the students scored at least 90 on the test. 65 82 c. z 65 = = 17 5 5 = 3.4; P( z z 65 )= 0.0003 = 0.03% So, 0.03% of the students scored at most 65 on the test. a. 1 point for percent; 1 point for work b. 1 point for percent; 1 point for work c. 1 point for percent; 1 point for work Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 70 Common Core Assessment Readiness
S.ID.5* Answers 1. A 2. B, C, E 3 6. The relative frequency table is shown for reference. Women Men Total Four-Year College 0.30 0.36 0.65 Two-Year College 0.06 0.09 0.14 Military 0.04 0.05 0.09 Job 0.07 0.05 0.12 Total 0.46 0.54 1 (Note: Rounding may cause the totals to be off by 0.01.) 3. E 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. a. First shift: 2 50 = 0.04 1 Second shift: 50 = 0.02 9 Third shift: 50 = 0.18 b. The third shift seems more likely to produce a defective product than the other two shifts because the conditional relative frequency that a tested item is defective, given that it was produced during the third shift is more than four times greater than the conditional relative frequency that a tested item is defective for either of the other two shifts. a. 0.5 point for each shift b. 0.5 point for answer; 1 point for explanation Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 71 Common Core Assessment Readiness
S.ID.6a* Answers 1. C 2. B 3. A, C, E 4. a. b. The point that corresponds to t = 10 is (10, 1100) and the point that corresponds to t = 30 is (30, 500). Find the slope of the line that passes through these two points. 500 1100 = 600 30 10 20 = 30 Substitute 30 for m, 10 for t, and 1100 for h(t) in the equation h(t) = mt + b and solve for b. 1100 = ( 30)(10) + b 1100 = 300 + b 1400 = b The linear function that relates h(t) in terms of t is h(t) = 30t + 1400. c. 1400 meters; since the hot air balloon started to descend at time t = 0, substitute 0 for t in the linear function h(t) = 30t + 1400 and simplify. h(0) = 30(0) + 1400 = 0 +1400 = 1400 d. 47 minutes; since the hot air balloon is on the ground when h(t) = 0, substitute 0 for h(t) in the linear function h(t) = 30t + 1400 and solve for t. 0 = 30t +1400 1400 = 30t 47 t a. 1 point for scatter plot; 1 point for line of best fit b. 1 point for answer; 1 point for showing work c. 1 point for answer; 1 point for explanation d. 1 point for answer; 1 point for explanation 5. The prediction is that the company will have about 15 more workers. Two years from now corresponds to t = 10. Substitute 10 for t in the linear function to predict the number of workers in two years. w(t) = 25 3 t + 95 3 w(10) = 25 3 (10) + 95 3 = 250 3 + 95 3 = 115 According to the scatter plot, the company currently has 100 workers. So, the company will have about 115 100 = 15 more workers in the next two years. 1 point for answer; 1 point for explanation Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 72 Common Core Assessment Readiness
S.ID.6b* Answers 1. A, C, E 2. D 3. a. b. d. The distribution of the residuals is random, but mostly above the x-axis. The line is not a good fit to the data. a. 1 point b. 1 point c. 1 point for expected values; 1 point for plotting residuals d. 2 points for appropriate conclusion c. Year Actual Predicted Residual time (sec) time (sec) (sec) 1948 46.30 46.65 0.35 1952 46.09 46.09 0 1956 46.85 45.53 1.32 1960 45.07 45.07 0.10 1964 45.15 45.15 0.74 1968 43.86 43.85 0.01 Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 73 Common Core Assessment Readiness
S.ID.6c* Answers 1. D 2. C 3. B, C, F 4. a. p(t) = 0.06t + 2.52 (Note: Accept reasonable estimates if the method is reasonable.) b. Since 2006 is 11 years after 1995, substitute 11 for t in the function p(t) = 0.06t + 2.52. p(11) = 0.06(11) + 2.52 = 3.18 The price for a gallon of milk in 2006 is about $3.18. a. 1 point b. 1 point for answer; 1 point for explanation 5. a. b. Since 2007 is 17 years after 1990, substitute 17 into the function. b(17) = 0.32(17) + 1.47 = 6.91 Since 1992 is 2 years after 1990, substitute 2 into the function. b(2) = 0.32(2) +1.47 = 2.11 Subtract the value of the function at t = 2 from the value of the function at t = 17: 6.91 2.11 = 4.80 The number of bottles sold in 2007 is about 4,800,000 more than the number of bottles sold in 1992. (Note: this answer is based off of the function from part b. Mathematical accuracy should be noted.) a. 2 points b. 1 point for answer; 1 point for explanation Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 74 Common Core Assessment Readiness
S.ID.7* Answers 1. A 2. C 3. a. False b. True c. True d. False e. True 4. The slope of the function is 2.05 cm per minute. The depth increases by about 2.05 cm every minute. The d-intercept is 1.27 cm. The initial depth of the water in the bathtub is about 1.27 cm. 1 point for interpreting the slope with correct units; 1 point for interpreting the d-intercept with correct units 5. a. The cost to get into the carnival is $12.50, because the c-intercept of the function is 12.5. b. Each ride costs $2, because the slope of the function is 2. a. 1 point for answer; 1 point for explanation b. 1 point for answer; 1 point for explanation 6. a. b. By linear regression, the function that represents the line is h(t) = 0.61t + 0.06. c. The slope is 0.61. The height of the tree increases by about 0.61 m each year. d. The h-intercept is 0.06. The height of the tree when planted was about 0.06 m. a. 2 points b. 2 points c. 1 point d. 1 point Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 75 Common Core Assessment Readiness
S.ID.8* Answers 1. A, E, F 2. D 3. B 4. y = 0.676901x + 1.067251 The slope of the best fit line is positive, so y increases as x increases. The correlation coefficient is 0.78238. Since 0.78238 is closer to 1 than to 0.5, there is a strong positive correlation between x and y. 2 points for the equation; 1 point for stating y increases as x increases; 1 point for the correlation coefficient; 1 point for stating there is a strong correlation; 1 point for reasoning 5. a. 0.960853 b. Since 0.960853 is negative and is closer to 1 than to 0.5, this correlation is a strong negative correlation. So, there is a strong negative correlation between the latitude of a city and its average annual temperature. a. 1 point b. 1 point for answer; 0.5 point for saying why the correlation is negative; 0.5 point for saying why the correlation is strong 6. The correlation coefficient using the year as the independent variable and the annual entertainment expenditure as the dependent variable is 0.966473. Since this is positive and close to 1, it indicates a strong positive correlation between the passage of time and the annual entertainment expenditure per person. The correlation coefficient using the year as the independent variable and the annual reading expenditure as the dependent variable is 0.973326. Since this is negative and close to 1, it indicates a strong negative correlation between the passage of time and the annual reading expenditure per person. Note that 1 ( 0.973326) = 0.026674 and 1 0.966473 = 0.033527. Since 0.973326 is closer to 1 than 0.966473 is to 1, 0.973326 is a stronger correlation. So, there is a stronger correlation between the passage of time and reading expenditures per person. 1 point for each correlation coefficient; 0.5 point each for concluding strong for both correlations; 0.5 point for stating the time/entertainment correlation is positive; 0.5 point for stating the time/reading correlation is negative; 2 points for concluding that the time/reading correlation is stronger Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 76 Common Core Assessment Readiness
S.ID.9* Answers 1. D 2. C, E 3. a. Correlation b. Causation c. Correlation d. Causation e. Neither 4. r 0.952; there is a strong positive correlation between planet diameter and number of moons. It is possible that a planet s diameter influences the number of moons the planet has, but it is not definite. Larger planets are likely to have a stronger gravitational pull for attracting moons, but there are other lurking variables. : 1 point for correct value of r; 1 point for identifying the strong positive correlation; 1 point for claiming a planet s diameter may influence the number of moons; 1 point for explanation 5. a. Yes; flights that departed later tended to arrive later. This shows a positive correlation. b. No; it makes sense a flight that departs late would arrive late, but there are other causes for arrival delay times, such as weather and traffic (other flights waiting to take off or land) at the destination. c. No; since arrival occurs after departure, any delay in arrival cannot affect the departure time. : a. 1 point for answer; 1 point for explanation b. 1 point for answer; 1 point for explanation c. 1 point for answer; 1 point for explanation Algebra 1 Teacher Guide 77 Common Core Assessment Readiness