Experimental Physical Chemistry : A Laboratory Textbook Table Of Contents: Preface ix To the Student xv Part 1 Fundamentals: Data Collection and 1 (39) Analysis Working with Experimental Data 1 (50) Collecting the Data 1 (1) Keeping a Notebook 1 (1) Computer Files 2 (1) On-the-Fly Estimation 2 (1) Data Treatment 2 (24) Elementary Statistical Concepts 3 (6) Determining Individual Standard 9 (9) Uncertainties Combining Standard Uncertainties: 18 (8) Propagation of Error Least Squares and Parameter Estimation 26 (11) Physical Models: General Definitions and 26 (2) Examples Desiderata 28 (1)
Basis of Least Squares Approach 28 (1) Data Values and Uncertainties: Unknown, 29 (2) Known, and Relative Errors Linear and Nonlinear Models 31 (1) Requirements on Fitting Programs 31 (1) How the Fit Works 32 (1) Checking the Fit 33 (1) Example: Flourescence Lifetime 34 (2) Using the Output: Uncertainties and 36 (1) Covariances in the Fitted Parameters Pathology 36 (1) Using and Presenting the Results 37 (14) Comparison Tests 37 (2) Expanded Uncertainties and Confidence 39 (2) Levels Systematic and Related Errors 41 (4) Reporting Your Work 45 (6) Data Analysis in the Physical Chemistry 51 (16) Laboratory: The Use of a Scientific Spreadsheet Data Analysis by Computer 51 (12) Data Entry and Transformation 51 (2) Graphing the Data 53 (1) Regression Analysis of the Data 54 (1) Other SDAS Features 55 (8) Numerical Analysis: Use of the Excel Solver 63 (4) Temperature, Pressure, Voltage 67 Measurements, and Light Detection Temperature 67 (6) Mercury-in-Glass Thermometer 68 (1) Thermocouple 69 (2)
Resistance Thermometers 71 (1) Semiconductor Temperature Transducers 72 (1) Noncontact Temperature Measurement 72 (1) Pressure 73 (5) Definition and Units 73 (1) Pressure Measuring Devices 73 (5) Voltage Measurements 78 (4) Computer-Assisted Data Acquisition 79 (2) Binary Numbers 81 (1) Light Detection 82 Photodide 82 (2) Photomultiplier 84 Part 2 Thermodynamics of Gases Experiment 1 Thermodynamics of a Gas Phase Reaction: Reversible Dissociation of N2O4 Experiment 2 Heat Capacity Ratio (CP/CV) of Gases Experiment 3 Real Gases, Part I: The Joule- Thomson Coefficient Experiment 4 Real Gases, Part II: The Second Virial Coefficient Part 3 Thermochemistry Experiment 5 Bomb Calorimetry: Heat of Formation of Naphthalene or Sucrose Experiment 6 Bomb Calorimetry: Determination of the Resonance Energy of Benzene Part 4 Thermodynamics of Solutions: Electrochemistry Experiment 7 The Entropy of Mixing
Experiment 8 Thermodynamics of an Electrochemical Cell, Part I: Free Energy Enthalpy, and Entropy of Reaction Experiment 9 Thermodynamics of an Electrochemical Cell, Part II: Standard Cell Potential and Activity Coefficients Part 5 Thermodynamics of Phase Equilibrium and Solution Properties Experiment 10 Mutual Solubilities of Liquids in a Binary Two-Phase System Experiment 11 The Vapor Pressure and Heat of Vaporization of Liquids Experiment 12 Liquid-Vapor Coexistence Curve of CO2 or SF6 Near the Critical Point Experiment 13 Solid-Liquid Equilibrium in a Binary System Experiment 14 Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium in a Binary System Experiment 15 Henry's Law Constant Determined by Headspace Chromatography Experiment 16 Surface Tension Properties of Liquids Part 6 Transport Properties and Chemical Kinetics Experiment 17 Viscosity of Liquids, Part I: Low Viscosities Experiment 18: Viscosity of Liquids, Part II: High Viscosities Experiment 19: Determination of Collision Diameters from Gas Viscosities Experiment 20: Kinetics of a Homogeneous
Reaction in Solution Experiment 21: Kinetics of a Diffusion- Controlled Reaction Experiment 22: Kinetics of a Reversible, First-Order, Consecutive Reaction: The Reduction of Cr(VI) by Glutathione Experiment 23: Kinetics of an Enzyme- Catalyzed Reaction Experiment 24: Kinetics and Thermodynamics of a Heterogeneous Gas Phase Reaction: Reversible Dissociation of Ammonium Carbamate Experiment 25: Kinetics and Mechanism of a Heterogenous Reaction: Oxidation of Magnesium by Hydrochloric Acid Experiment 26: Laser Kinetics, Part I: Luminescence Quenching of the Uranyl Ion by the Chloride Ion Experiment 27: Laser Kinetics, Part II: Photochromism of Mercury(II) Dithizonate Experiment 28: Laser Kinetics, Part III: Viscosity Effects on Luminescence Quenching Rate Constants Part 7 Colloidal Systems: Micelles Experiment 29: Determination of the Critical Micelle Concentration Experiment 30: Determination of the Mean Aggregation Number of a Micellar System Part 8 Polymers Experiment 31: Molecular Weight and Monomer Linkage Properties of Poly(vinyl
alcohol) Experiment 32: Thermodynamic Properties of Elastomers Part 9 Photophysics and Molecular Spectroscopy Experiment 33: Excited-State Properties of 2-Naphthol, Part I: Excited-State Acidity Constant Experiment 34: Excited-State Properties of 2-Naphthol, Part II: Deprotonation and Protonation Rate Constants Experiment 35: Enthalpy and Entropy of Excimer Formation Experiment 36: Rotational-Vibrational Spectrum of HCl Experiment 37: Vibrational Spectrum of Sulfur Dioxide Experiment 38: Analysis of a Flame using Emission Spectroscopy Experiment 39: Absorption Spectra of Conjugated Dyes Part 10 Computational Chemistry Experiment 40: Computational Chemistry: The Calculation of ΔrG, ΔrH, and ΔrS for the Reaction N2O4 2 NO2 Experiment 41: Computational Determination of the Molecular Constants of HCl