General Biology 101 E C O L O G Y A N D B I O D I V E R S I T Y
Introductions Syllabus Term Schedule Expectations Getting help!
Introductions Name Tags 1. Your NAME 2. TWO DRAWINGS that tell me something about YOU 3. On the inside, tell me something about your learning style how do you learn best?
OUTCOMES: Chapter 1: Life on Earth
OUTCOMES: Discuss community interactions
OUTCOMES: Discuss community interactions Explain how changes in human population and/or actions impact natural ecosystems
OUTCOMES: Discuss community interactions Explain how changes in human population and/or actions impact natural ecosystems Describe the movement of energy & nutrients through trophic levels
OUTCOMES: Discuss community interactions Explain how changes in human population and/or actions impact natural ecosystems Describe the movement of energy & nutrients through trophic levels Recognize the appropriate taxonomic level of an organism based on key characteristics or traits
A set of natural laws exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis: supposition, based on previous observations Tested with experimentation
A set of natural laws exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis: supposition, based on previous observations Tested with experimentation
A set of natural laws exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis Theory: an explanation of natural phenomena, developed through extensive observation and experimentation
A set of natural laws exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis Theory: an explanation of natural phenomena, developed through extensive observation and experimentation If we knew what we were doing, we wouldn t call it RESEARCH. - Albert Einstein
A set of natural laws exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis Theory LAW: An absolute; a mathematically prove-able fact
A set of natural laws exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis Theory LAW: Newton s Law of Gravity
A set of natural laws exist that apply to all living organisms/systems Hypothesis Theory Four LAWS of Thermodynamics
Biology: Science/Study of LIFE BIOTIC vs. ABIOTIC
Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines Alive?
Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines Alive : set of characteristics 1. Composed of cells with organized structure
Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines Alive : set of characteristics 1. Composed of cells with organized structure 2. Organized structure is actively maintained homeostasis
Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines Alive : set of characteristics 1. Composed of cells with organized structure 2. Organized structure is actively maintained homeostasis 3. Respond to stimuli from the environment
Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines Alive : set of characteristics 1. Composed of cells with organized structure 2. Organized structure is actively maintained homeostasis 3. Respond to stimuli from the environment 4. Acquire/use energy from the environment
Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines Alive : set of characteristics 1. Composed of cells with organized structure 2. Organized structure is actively maintained homeostasis 3. Respond to stimuli from the environment 4. Acquire/use energy from the environment 5. Convert to usable form GROW
Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines Alive : set of characteristics 1. Composed of cells with organized structure 2. Organized structure is actively maintained homeostasis 3. Respond to stimuli from the environment 4. Acquire/use energy from the environment 5. Convert to usable form GROW 6. Able to reproduce
Biology: Science/Study of LIFE What defines Alive : set of characteristics 1. Composed of cells with organized structure 2. Organized structure is actively maintained homeostasis 3. Respond to stimuli from the environment 4. Acquire/use energy from the environment 5. Convert to usable form GROW 6. Able to reproduce 7. Populations can evolve over time
The Theory of Evolution Nothing in Biology makes sense, except in the light of evolution. - Theodosius Dobzhansky
The Theory of Evolution: Why don t snakes have legs? Why do we find fossils of animals that don t exist? Why do we share more than 95% of our genetic code with monkeys?
The Theory of Evolution Descent with modification
The Theory of Evolution Descent with modification
The Theory of Evolution Descent with modification
The Theory of Evolution Descent with modification: Natural Selection Charles Darwin/Alfred Russel Wallace
The Theory of Evolution Descent with modification: Natural Selection Traits that enhance an organism s ability to SURVIVE to REPRODUCE and create VIABLE offspring
THE BIOLOGICAL IMPERATIVE: SURVIVE to REPRODUCE and create VIABLE offspring.
The Theory of Evolution Descent with modification: Natural Selection Traits vary according to organism
The Theory of Evolution Descent with modification: Natural Selection Traits vary according to organism Traits enhancing survivorship/reproduction are ADAPTATIONS
Natural Selection: The Rules 1. Variation must occur between individuals in a population ( mutations )
Natural Selection: The Rules 1. Variation must occur between individuals in a population 2. Competition and mortality must exist in the population
Natural Selection: The Rules 1. Variation must occur between individuals in a population 2. Competition and mortality must exist in the population 3. Some variations must enhance survivorship/ reproductive ability
Baobab trees, Africa
Natural Selection: The Rules 1. Variation must occur between individuals in a population 2. Competition and mortality must exist in the population 3. Some variations must enhance survivorship/ reproductive ability 4. Traits must be heritable
DNA: the genetic blueprint of organisms
DNA: the genetic blueprint of organisms
Natural Selection: The Rules 1. Variation must occur between individuals in a population 2. Competition and mortality must exist in the population 3. Some variations must enhance survivorship/ reproductive ability 4. Traits must be heritable 5. Beneficial traits accumulate in the population over time
Adaptive Radiation
e.g. MRSA
Additional Evolutionary Processes Selective Breeding, e.g. Yard Dandelions
Additional Evolutionary Processes Selective Breeding, e.g. Brassica
Additional Evolutionary Processes Sexual Selection: Humans
Additional Evolutionary Processes Sexual Selection: Peacocks
The Theory of Evolution Typically a very slow process, taking millions of years Current events: altering ability of organisms to adapt
BI 101 Focus on: ECOLOGY and BIODIVERSITY
BI 101 Focus on: ECOLOGY: the study of interactions between organisms and the environment (Unit 4)
BI 101 Focus on: Biodiversity: the variability of life (Unit 3)
BI 101 Focus on: Populations Species Communities Ecosystems Biospheres
Categorization of Life Chapter 1: Life on Earth
Categorization of Life: Three domains of differing cell types PROKARYOTIC: cells do not have a nucleus 1. Bacteria 2. Archaebacteria
Categorization of Life: Bacteria and Archaebacteria are single-celled, or unicellular
Categorization of Life: Three domains of differing cell types PROKARYOTA 1. Bacteria 2. Archaebacteria EUKARYOTA 3. Eukarya true nucleus
Categorization of Life: K P C O F G S Kingdom: Protista, Fungi, Plants, Animals
Categorization of Life: Most of the Kingdoms (Fungi, Plants and Animals) are made up of many cells, or are multicellular
Categorization of Life: K P C O F G S Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family (i.e. last name) Genus/Species: Binomial system of naming (i.e. first and middle name)
Boa constrictor
Gorilla gorilla
Scaptia beyonceae
Euglossa bazinga
Categorization of Life: means of acquiring energy Autotroph: self-feeding
Categorization of Life: means of acquiring energy Heterotroph: other-feeding