Jeopardy Earthquakes Volcanoes Tsunamis Wildfires Landslides/ Droughts $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 Final Jeopardy
1 - $100 n What is an epicenter? n Location on the earth s surface above where an earthquake occured
1 - $200 n What type of tectonic plate boundary exists where two plates move away from one another? n Divergent boundary
1 - $300 n What are the three conditions needed for liquefaction to occur? n i) loose granular sediment n ii)saturation of the sediment n iii)intense shaking (earthquake)
1 - $400 n In general, the greater the focal depth of an earthquake the intense the shaking at the surface n The less intense
1 - $500 n What are three factors that led to the Haiti 2010 earthquake being one of the world natural disasters in history? n Unstable government n Densely populated city n Poor building materials and codes n Aftershocks n Damage to transportation links n Poor sanitary conditions/cholera outbreak
2 - $100 n Where are approximately 2/3 of volcanoes located? n Along the Ring of Fire
2 - $200 n What type of volcano tends to be wider than they are tall? n Shield Volcano
2 - $300 n What are three secondary hazards of volcanoes? n Answer can vary: landslides, tsunamis, ash fall, pyroclastic flow, lahars, lava flow
2 - $400 n Name 3 natural service functions (benefits) of volcanoes n Volcanic soil, recreation (tourism, jobs), geothermal power, creation of new land
2 - $500 n How do hot spot volcano chains form? n Thin spot in the earth s crust where the magma rises n As the plate moves, the old, now dormant volcano moves with it n A new volcano begins to form over the hot spot
3 - $100 n What is a tsunami? n Series of waves caused by a large displacement of a large volume of water in an ocean or a lake
3 - $200 n If an earthquake occurred in Japan, what type of tsunami would we (Vancouver Island) be watching for? n A distant tsunami n (travels more than 3 hours or 1000km)
3 - $300 n Name three ways a tsunami can be triggered n Large earthquake n Volcanic eruption n Landslide n Asteroid or comet impact
3 - $400 n What were at least two lessons learned in the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami? n The need for: a tsunami warning system, better public tsunami education (what to do before, during and after), better communication, better building codes/construction practices
3 - $500 n Describe the stages of an earthquake-triggered tsunami wave n Earthquake releases energy and causes a large displacement of water n Tsunami travels fast in open ocean n Tsunami approaches shore, friction and shallower area causes tsunami to slow down and raise in height n Tsunami water rushes onto shore
4 - $100 n Where is Canada s most at risk region for wildfires? n BC and the boreal forest
4 - $200 n What are the three factors that control wildfire behaviour? n Fuel, topography & weather
4 - $300 n What is the difference between a surface fire and a crown fire? n Surface fire=close to the ground, burns shrubs/leaves/grass etc. n Crown fire=fire is in the crown of trees and can jump between trees easier. Harder to put out.
4 - $400 n Do wildfires travel faster uphill or downhill? WHY n Uphill! Flames are closer to the fuel source, heat rises and preheats fuel, wind current tend to go uphill
4 - $500 n What are two lessons learned in the 2016 Fort McMurray wildfire? n Obeying evacuation orders n Alternative evacuation routes needed n Clearer communication systems n Removal of excess fuel n Fire smart homes n Gas in vehicles n Emergency plans (personal, local)
5 - $100 n What type of hazard affects more people in Canada & the US than any other natural hazard? n Droughts
5 - $200 n What are two factors expected to increase global landslides? n Urbanization n Deforestation n Changing Global Climate
5 - $300 n Name three ways a drought can negatively effect a population n Dust storms & related erosion n Famine/hunger n Ecosystem damage n Population migrations n Reduced electricity production n Shortage of water for industrial users n Social unrest, possibly war
5 - $400 n Name two reasons why Cape Town, South Africa is experiencing water shortages n Little to no rain for months n Growing population n Climate change
5 - $500 n Name four factors that have led to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil experiencing so many landslides n City is surrounded in tall granite peaks n Periodically overwhelmed by intense rain n Cut-and-fill construction methods n Vegetation removal
Final Jeopardy n Name 3 of the 5 natural disaster trends n Disasters are becoming more costly The number of people affected by disasters is increasing The number of disasters is increasing The number of people dying from disasters is decreasing Undeveloped countries are disproportionately affected by disaster consequences n n n n
Celebration of learning! n You may bring a cheat sheet n Unit terms & questions due Format: n Matching definitions n Multiple choice n True or false n Short answer