Radiation Safety Assessment of the CLS Beamlines Using FLUKA Monte-Carlo Code Mo Benmerrouche Fluka Advanced Workshop - Oct 07, 2010 Ericeira, Portugal M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 1
Where is the CLS Located? Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CANADA M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 2
CLS Facility on the UofS Campus University of Saskatchewan campus CLS Facility M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 3
CLS Facility Located on the University of Saskatchewan campus CLSI has the responsibility for operating the synchrotron facility in Canada and providing infrastructure support for the Canadian synchrotron research community as well as contributions to international synchrotron projects. It includes: Linac - a 250 MeV electron accelerator, which was part of the former SAL, Booster Ring - a 250 MeV to 2.9 GeV electron accelerator, Storage Ring - a 2.9 GeV storage ring and the source of the SR, Beamlines - for transport of SR to experimental target stations, where scientific experiments or processes requiring SR are carried out (infrared to hard X-rays, 0.01 ev 100 kev) Facility Conventional Construction began ~ June 1999 and completed ~ January 2001 Bulk shielding completed April 2001 Building expansion on the north-east to accommodate BMIT beamlines completed in December 2007 Accelerator commissioning began ~ June 2001 and completed ~ May 2004 Routine Operation began in August 2004 and includes 7 research beamlines and 2 diagnostic beamlines (Phase I) Users other than CLSI staff were allowed to access synchrotron beamlines for research Top-up mode Preliminary radiological studies completed in December 2005 Phase I beamlines The CLS Phase I project was finished in 2005 and included first set of 7 beamlines. Phase II Beamlines Projects 7 additional Phase II beamlines are in the final stages of commissioning. Expected to be available for general users by the end of 2009. Phase III Beamlines Projects Three projects together comprise five new beamlines and are in planning/design/early construction phase Commissioning phase to start by 2012. Building expansion required to house some of the Phase III beamlines M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 4
CLS Facility Main Components Accelerators & beamlines E-gun & Linear Accelerator 300 MeV Booster Ring &Transfer Line Commissioned 2002 Storage Ring (2.9 GeV, 200 ma) Commissioned 2003 Beamline & End Stations 1 st beamline Commissioned 2004 M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 5
CLS Beamlines Existing, Planned, and Future M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 6
Some Components of Front-End and Beamines Shield Wall Aperture Slits Filters Scanner DC Monochromator Slits Screen Shutters Windows M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 7
Sources of Radiation For Beamlines Enclosure Shielding Gas Bremsstrahlung: Production rate well described by Koch/Motz formula [Rev. Mod Phys 31, 1959] Depends on energy of circulating electrons and stored current residual gas composition and pressure length of straight section Synchrotron Radiation: Bending magnet or Insertion Device (Wiggler or undulator) Depends on electron energy and stored current SR source parameters such as magnetic field strength, critical energy, no of poles Fluka simulations performed for the bending magnet beamline M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 8
GB: Fluka Transport/Physics/Biasing Cards M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 9
Geometry Region View IDEAS Bending Magnet Beamline M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 10
Geometry Material View IDEAS Bending Magnet Beamline M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 11
Materials M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 12
Usbdx Scoring M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 13
Flair USBDX Plots/Analysis M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 14
Photon Fluence M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 15
Flair USBIN Plots/Analysis M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 16
Photon Ambient Dose Profile (6 m long straight) M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 17
Neutron Ambient Dose Profile (6 m long straight) M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 18
Comparison with earlier shielding Calculations for GB Only Bending Magnet POE Shielding Requirements (GB Only) EGS FLUKA Back-wall: 10 mm Pb 5 mm Fe (+20 mm Pb locally) (+25 mm Pb locally) Side-wall: 5 mm Pb 3 mm Fe Roof: 5 mm Pb 3 mm Fe EGS dose estimates based on energy deposited in water phantom while FLUKA uses AMB74 ambient dose equivalent. EGS results assumes 12 cm long straight (BM) while FLUKA are based on a 6m long straight factor of about 50 reduction Both are for 500 ma stored current and 2.9 GeV electron energy. EGS assumes an effective z for residual gas to be 8.1 while FLUKA uses an effective z of about 10.5. M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 19
Fluka simulation of SR Bending Magnet Source parameters: E=2.9 GeV, B= 1.354 T, 7.572 kev Use Spectrum generated by STAC8 as input for FLUKA simulations using source.f file M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 20
Source.f DO 2 I = 1, NPOINT READ(81,*,END=999) SR_E(I), SR_S(I) SR_E(I) = SR_E(I)*EFAC WRITE(LUNOUT,*)I,SR_E(I),SR_S(I) 2 CONTINUE 999 CONTINUE SR_I(1) = ZERZER Calculate the cumulative function DO I = 2, NPOINT SR_I(I) = SR_I(I-1) + HLFHLF*(SR_S(I)+SR_S(I-1))* $ (SR_E(I) - SR_E(I-1)) WRITE(LUNOUT,*) I, SR_E(I), SR_I(I) END DO SUM = SR_I(NPOINT) DO I = 2, NPOINT SR_I(I) = SR_I(I)/SUM WRITE(LUNOUT,*)I,SR_E(I),SR_I(I) END DO END IF * Push one source particle to the stack. Note that you could as well * push many but this way we reserve a maximum amount of space in the * stack for the secondaries to be generated Npflka is the stack counter: of course any time source is called it must be =0 RAN_E = FLRNDM(TKESUM) ENERGY = ENMIN + (ENMAX - ENMIN) * RAN_E DO 3 I = 1, NPOINT - 1 IF(ENERGY.GT. SR_E(I).AND. ENERGY.LE. SR_E(I+1)) THEN WEIGHT = SR_S(I) + (SR_S(I+1) - SR_S(I)) * & (ENERGY - SR_E(I))/(SR_E(I+1) - SR_E(I)) GO TO 4 END IF 3 CONTINUE 4 CONTINUE NPFLKA = NPFLKA + 1 * Wt is the weight of the particle c$$$ WTFLK (NPFLKA) = ONEONE WTFLK (NPFLKA) = WEIGHT WEIPRI = WEIPRI + WTFLK (NPFLKA) M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 21
Synchrotron Radiation Photon Fluence Bending Magnet M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 22
Conclusions/Remarks Need to understand the differences between EGS and FLUKA for the GB calculations Run comparison using same input, target, geometry, etc Radiation experiments have been conducted exposing Luxels to radiation inside a Bending magnet primary enclosure Data is being analyzed Compare results with FLUKA and STAC8 (SR Radiation) M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 23
Future Use of Fluka Phase III Beamlines (CLS) Compare radiation measurements during beamline commissioning with Fluka predictions Brochouse beamline shielding design Top-up mode of Operation Radiation Analysis (CLS) Radiation analysis of Front-ends and beamlines Medical Isotope Project (CLS) Low Energy High Power electron Linac (35 MeV, 35 kw) shielding Activation of accelerator components, target, cooling water and surrounding air Estimate of Mo-99 from Mo-100 target Accelerator specific radiation analyses (CLS) Booster to Storage ring collimator and scraper Revisit local shielding in the Booster injection area Elinac project (Triumf) Collaboration with Anne Trudel and Mike Trinczek M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 24
Acknowledgment Fluka: Fluka organization for providing the FLUKA Code "The FLUKA code: Description and benchmarking G. Battistoni, S. Muraro, P.R. Sala, F. Cerutti, A. Ferrari, S. Roesler, A. Fasso`, J. Ranft, Proceedings of the Hadronic Shower Simulation Workshop 2006, Fermilab 6--8 September 2006, M. Albrow, R. Raja eds., AIP Conference Proceeding 896, 31-49, (2007) "FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code A. Fasso`, A. Ferrari, J. Ranft, and P.R. Sala, CERN-2005-10 (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773 FLAIR: Vasilis Vlachoudis SimpleGeo: Theis C., Buchegger K.H., Brugger M., Forkel-Wirth D., Roesler S., Vincke H., "Interactive three dimensional visualization and creation of geometries for Monte Carlo calculations", Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 562, pp. 827-829 (2006). STAC8: Yohishiro Asano for providing the STAC8 code Developed by Y. Asano for shielding SR beamlines at SPring8 STAC8 Refs: 1. Development of shielding design code for synchrotron radiation beam line, Yoshihiro Asano and Nobuo Sasamoto, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, v.44, no.1-2, Jul-Aug 1994; p.133-137. Also in Proceedings of the 1st Physics Conference; Nov 15-19 1992; Qena, Egypt. 2. Yoshihiro Asano, "A Study on Radiation Shielding and Safety Analysis for a Synchrotron Radiation Beamline," JAERI-Research 2001-006, March 2001. Radiation Measurements: Pavi Selvaraj and Lyndon Cowles for carrying out the radiation experiments on SXRMB bending magnet beamline. M. Benmerrouche, HSE Manager http://www.lightsource.ca 25