Toward the Final Frontier of Manned Space Flight Image: Milky Way NASA Ryann Fame Luke Bruneaux Emily Russell
Toward the Final Frontier of Manned Space Flight Part I: How we got here: Background and challenges (Ryann) Part II: Why boldly go? Why not? (Luke) Part III: Where are we going? (Emily)
Toward the Final Frontier of Manned Space Flight Part I: How we got here: Background and challenges (Ryann) Part II: Why boldly go? Why not? (Luke) Part III: Where are we going? (Emily)
Challenges in Human Space Travel Challenge 1: Leaving Earth (Space!) Challenge 2: Can humans live safely in space? Challenge 3: Destination Travel
Image: NASA Curiosity and Explorative Spirit
Image: NASA Curiosity and Explorative Spirit
How did we get here? 1903 Images: Library of Congress,US Gov. Military, NASA
How did we get here? 1903 1947 Images: Library of Congress,US Gov. Military, NASA
How did we get here? 1903 1947 1961 Images: Library of Congress,US Gov. Military, NASA
How did we get here? 1903 1947 1961 1969 Images: Library of Congress,US Gov. Military, NASA
How did we get here? 1903 1947 1971 1961 1969 Images: Library of Congress,US Gov. Military, NASA
How did we get here? 1903 1981-2011 1947 1971 1961 1969 Images: Library of Congress,US Gov. Military, NASA
Ballistic rockets for missiles X X Images: Library of Congress,US Gov. Military, NASA
Leaving Earth (space!) Image: US Gov. Military 1946
Image: Wikimedia: Matthew Bowden Fuel
Chemical combustion needs lots of oxygen 2 H 2 + O 2 2 H 2 O(g) + Energy
Chemical combustion needs lots of oxygen 2 H 2 + O 2 2 H 2 O(g) + Energy X X X X 2 H 2 + O 2 2 H 2 O(g) + Energy
Image: US Military Propellant: Fuel + Oxygen
Propellant: Fuel + Oxygen Shuttle Fuel H 2 (liquid) O 2 (liquid) Image: US Military, NASA
Stay in space: orbit Remain in space without having to constantly expend more energy or drifting away Image: US AirForce 1957
Low Earth Orbit Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Move around the earth 200-2,000km (124-1,240 miles) above the Earth Altitude: 173-286 miles Speed: 17,227 mph Image: NASA
Low Earth Orbit Low speed launch Go up and then gravity pulls you back down to Earth Image: Wikimedia Brian Brondel
Escape Velocity Escape velocity The speed at which you break free from Earth s gravity and don t need propulsion to keep from falling back Example: Escape velocity on Earth 25,000 miles per hour. Image: Wikimedia Brian Brondel
Low Earth Orbit Orbit Gravity pulling you down at the same speed at which you are going forward Example: LEO required orbital speed 15,400 miles per hour. Image: Wikimedia Brian Brondel
Challenges in Human Space Travel Challenge 1: Leaving Earth (Space!) Challenge 2: Can humans live safely in space? Challenge 3: Destination Travel
Animals can live in space 1957 1961 Images: US Gov. Military, NASA
Humans can live in space 1957 1961 1961 1961-1963 Images: US Gov. Military, NASA
Humans in space: What do we need?
Humans in space: What do we need?
Humans in space: What do we need?
Humans in space: What do we need?
Cost to get to Low Earth Orbit US$ per kg to LEO Payload kg to LEO Most vehicles: $5,000 per kg- $10,000 per kg Image: Marspedia.org
Cost to get to Low Earth Orbit Most vehicles: $5,000 per kg- $10,000 per kg 3.8 kg/ gallon of water So that means ~ $19,000- $30,000 per gallon in fuel alone
Challenges in Human Space Travel Challenge 1: Leaving Earth (Space!) Challenge 2: Can humans live safely in space? Challenge 3: Destination Travel
Destination travel We choose to go to the moon in this decade, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills. ~John F. Kennedy 1962 Image: NASA
Destination travel Hit a moving target Must understand multiple orbits
Destination travel Fuel to get there and back! Image:NASA
Destination travel Unit that can both land and have enough fuel to escape gravity of target Escape Velocity Moon: 6,260 mph Mars: 11,200 mph Earth: 25,000 mph Jupiter: 133,000 mph Image:NASA
Destination travel Unit that can both land and have enough fuel to escape gravity of target Escape Velocity Moon: 6,260 mph Mars: 11,200 mph Earth: 25,000 mph Jupiter: 133,000 mph Image:NASA
Destination travel Unit that can both land and have enough fuel to escape gravity of target Escape Velocity Moon: 6,260 mph Mars: 11,200 mph Earth: 25,000 mph Jupiter: 133,000 mph Image:NASA
Long duration travel Things in space are far apart Moon 384,403km 1x 8.5 hr Mars 74,799,000km 195x 6 mo Jupiter 893,000,000km 2,323x 13 mo Solar System 4,338,342,000km 11,286x 8 yr Proxima Centauri 42,000,000,000,000 km 109,260,000 x Always weight balance dilemma (Emily-propulsion) 78,000yr
Long duration travel Water recovery system Urine Humidity (sweat, breath, condensation) Reduces water shipments by 65% Image:NASA
Summary and remaining questions Challenge 1: Leaving Earth (Space!) Exiting the atmosphere (Still expensive and dangerous) Staying in orbit Challenge 2: Can humans live safely in space? Oxygen/ Supplies $ Landing (heat shields) (radiation shields) ± Challenge 3: Destination Travel Fuel to get somewhere, leave, and come back ± Recycling ± Effects of space travel on people for long times ±
Image: NASA Curiosity and Explorative Spirit
Curiosity and Explorative Spirit Goddard Oberth Image: NASA
Curiosity and Explorative Spirit Goddard Oberth Ways to Spaceflight ~1929 A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes [Space] ~1916 Image: NASA