Quasars: Imaging the Visible Edge of the Universe David Haworth www.stargazing.net/david Copyright 2010
Imaging Equipment OSP 2008 QSI 532ws-M1 camera 9.7mm x 14.9mm Tele Vue NP-101is APO refractor 4 inch dia., focal length = 540, f/5.4 Focal reducer: Tele Vue NPR-1073 0.8X Focal length = 432, f/4.3, 3.24 arcsec/pix Astronomik Type IIc Luminance filter Orion Atlas EQ-G Mount GoTo Controller Losmandy G-11 tripod Orion StarShoot AutoGuider Guide scope: 40mm dia., 250mm focal length Guiding software: Stark Labs PHD Guiding 2
3 Eye Candy: NGC253
4 Brain Candy: 17 QSOs Near NGC253
Quasars & QSOs Quasi-Stellar Radio Source & Quasi-Stellar Objects 1959 Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources 1960 3C 48 first optical observation 1963 3C 273 first identification of z=.158 Maarten Schmidt solved the unknown broad emission lines Credit http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/redshift 5 Credit http://search.time.com/results.html?n=46&nty= 1&Ns=p_date_range%7C1&Ntt=Maarten+Schmidt +&x=4&y=60,16641,1101660311,00.html
Quasar 3C 273 Redshift Z = (503.2 nm 434 nm)/434 nm =.159 69.2 nm 503.2 nm H-alpha 759.97 nm 434.0 nm H-alpha 656.28 nm 6
Quasar 3C 273 NASA/IPAC EXTRAGALACTIC DATABASE 7
Today Quasar 3C 273 Age of Universe H o = 73.00 km/sec/mpc, Ω matter = 0.27, Ω vacuum = 0.73 Cosmic microwave background radiation Age of the Solar System 3C 273 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Age of Universe 13.299 Gyears 8
9 17 QSOs Near NGC253
17 QSOs Near NGC253 15 QSOs Light Travel > Solar System Age ~4.5Gyr 10
BRI J0048-2442 [WHO91] 0043-259 [HB89] 0045-258 [HB89] 0048-261 [WHB96] 0041-2608 [HB89] 0046-251 LBQS 0045-2606 LBQS 0047-2522 [WHO91] 0048-259 [HB89] 0045-260 LBQS 0042-2550 [HB89] 0044-261 Today Imaging at Visible Edge of Universe Age of Universe H o = 73.00 km/sec/mpc, Ω matter = 0.27, Ω vacuum = 0.73 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Age of Universe 13.299 Gyears 11
QSO [WHO91] 0043-259 Redshift 3.309050 Positive Image Negative Image Negative & Markers NED Image 12
QSO BRI J0048-2442 Redshift 4.149044 Positive Image Negative Image Negative & Markers NED Image 13
Exposure Image 61 images x 2 minutes per image 122 minutes total CCD-TEMP: -30 C Statistics Signal to Noise of the background with no stars Background average 321.026/background Std Dev 1.273 = Signal to Noise 252.18 14
NP127is Driveway Imaging 2009 16 miles East-North-East from the center of Portland 15
Driveway Imaging 16 miles from the center of Portland 16
17 QSOs Near NGC3079
18 QSOs Near NGC3079
Twin Quasar Q0957+561 Redshift 1.414632 19
Twin Quasar Q0957+561 Gravitational lens at magnitude 16.7 20
Image Statistics S/N= Background Ave/Std Dev = 1159.369/0.592 = 1958.439 49 images x 2 minutes per image (98 minutes total) 21
22 Tele Vue NP127is at ARGO
QS0 SDSS J161705.70+443522.5 Dave Rowe PlateSolveXP 23
QS0 SDSS J161705.70+443522.5 DSS Image 24
QS0 SDSS J161705.70+443522.5 DSS Image 25
QS0 SDSS J161705.70+443522.5 SDSS Image 26
QS0 SDSS J161705.70+443522.5 2 min x 25 Images = 50 Minutes Image 27
QS0 SDSS J161705.70+443522.5 R Band Magnitudes 18.68 19.41 18.61 19.36 20.16 28
QS0 SDSS J161705.70+443522.5 Profile Curve 29
QS0 SDSS J161705.70+443522.5 S/N= Background Ave/Std Dev = 205.359/0.414 = 494.84 30
Today 1.040 Gyears Age at Redshift 5.490 SDSS J161705.70+443522.5 z = 5.490 31 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 7.8% of the Age of Universe
32
33 QS0 SDSS J161705.70+443522.5
34 Galaxy R 20.16
Galaxies R Band Magnitudes 20.30 19.19 19.80 20.16 20.10 20.58 35
Stars R Band Magnitudes 20.42 20.58 20.23 19.36 19.41 20.10 20.92 36
Quasar 3C 273 Redshift Z = (503.2 nm 434 nm)/434 nm =.159 69.2 nm 503.2 nm H-alpha 759.97 nm 434.0 nm H-alpha 656.28 nm 37
Star Spectroscope www.starspectroscope.com $249 38
Driveway Imaging 16 miles East-North-East from the center of Portland 39
Star Spectroscope, NP127is & QSI532 Vega Spectrum, 0.2 sec Diffraction Grating Orders M M = (Grating Interval Distance)sinθ -2-1 0 1 Blazed 2 40
H H H H Star Spectroscope, NP127is & QSI532 Focus is between H & H Intensity peak is between H & H 41
H H H H Star Spectroscope, NP127is & QSI532 Focus is between H & H Intensity peak is between H & H 42
H H H H H Star Spectroscope, NP127is & QSI532 Focus is at H Intensity peak is at H 43
H H H H Star Spectroscope, NP127is & QSI532 Focus is just beyond H towards H Intensity peak is between H & H 44
H H H H Star Spectroscope, NP127is & QSI532 Focus is between H & H Intensity peak is between H & H 45
Radial Velocity Spectra Credit http://astro.unl.edu Quasar 3C 273 Redshift Measurement 46
Quasar 3C 273 Redshift Credit http://astro.unl.edu One 300 second image 3C 273 47
Star Spectroscope, NP127is & QSI532 MaxIm DL V5.07 Create master Darks Flat darks Flats Stacked calibrated image Graph window to determine wavelength calibration 48
Quasar 3C 273 54 x 5 min Credit http://astro.unl.edu One 300 second image 49
Quasar 3C 273 Redshift Credit http://astro.unl.edu 16 x 300 second images H-beta H-alpha 50 3C 273
Quasar 3C 273 Redshift Credit http://astro.unl.edu Star BD+02 2547, F5 used for calibration H-beta H-gamma H-alpha BD+02 2547 51 3C 273
Wavelength Calibration H at 266 pixels 52
200 lines/mm grating Wavelength Calibration = (d)sinθ θ = arcsin(h /(200 lines/mm)) Tanθ = 266 pixels/distance Distance = 266 pixels/tanθ Distance = 18.24mm θ QSI532 CCD H at 266 pixels Å 53 =SIN (ATAN (0.0000068*(pixel distance) /0.018238638252))*0.000005*10000000000 Diagram not to scale
Quasar 3C 273 Redshift Credit http://astro.unl.edu Redshift z = 0.158339 54
Quasar 3C 273 Redshift Credit http://astro.unl.edu Quasar 3C 273 Spectrum UV IR-A 55
Quasar 3C 273 Credit http://astro.unl.edu Observed Spectrum Redshift 0.1608 56
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