ANSWER KEY LEAD PREP SOUTHEAST

ANSWER KEY LEAD PREP SOUTHEAST SIXTH GRADE SCIENCE STUDY GUIDE FOR TCAP 1 ST SEMESTER AUGUST-DECEMBER 2014 1

2

CODE/STANDARD Embedded Standard EMBEDDED INQUIRY ANSWER SHEET QUESTIONS 1. POINTS EARNED/ POINTS POSSIBLE PERCENTAGE 3 = 100% REFLECTION 0807.INQ.1 Design a simple experimental procedure with an identified control and appropriate variables. 2. 3. 4. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 3 = 100% 80% Mastery 0807.INQ.2 Select tools and procedures needed to conduct a moderately complex experiment. 5. 6. 7. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 3 = 100% 80% Mastery 0807.INQ.3 Interpret and translate data into a table, graph, or diagram. 8. 9. 10. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 3 = 100% 80% Mastery 0807.INQ.4 Draw a conclusion that establishes a cause and effect relationship supported by evidence. 11. 12. 13. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 3 = 100% 80% Mastery 0807.INQ.5 Identify a faulty interpretation of data that is due to bias or experimental error. EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE I- THE UNIVERSE 14. 15. 16. 2= 66% 0 = 0% = 100% 80% Mastery SPI 0607.6.1 Use data to draw conclusions about the major components of the universe. 17. 18. 19. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 3 = 100% 80% Mastery SPI 0607.6.2 Explain how the relative distance of objects from the earth affects how they appear. 20. 21. 22. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 3 = 100% 80% Mastery SPI 0607.6.3 Distinguish among a day, lunar cycle, and year based on the movements of the earth, sun, and moon. 23. 24. 25. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 3 = 100% 80% Mastery SPI 0607.6.4 Explain the different phases of the moon using a model of the earth, moon, and sun. 26. 27. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 80% Mastery 3

28. 3 = 100% SPI 0607.6.5 Predict the types of tides that occur when the earth and moon occupy various positions. 29. 30. 31. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 3 = 100% 80% Mastery SPI 0607.6.6 Use a diagram that shows the positions of the earth and sun to explain the four seasons. 32. 33. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 80% Mastery 34. 3 = 100% SPI 0607.6.7 Explain the difference between a solar and a lunar eclipse. 35. 36. 2= 66% EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE II- THE ATMOSPHERE 37. 0 = 0% 80% Mastery 3 = 100% SPI 0607.8.1 Analyze data to identify events associated with heat convection in the atmosphere. 38. 39. 40. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 3 = 100% 80% Mastery SPI 0607.8.2 Recognize the connection between the sun s energy and the wind. 41. 42. 43. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 3 = 100% 80% Mastery SPI 0607.8.3 Describe how temperature differences in the ocean account for currents. 44. 45. 46. 2= 66% 0 = 0% 3 = 100% 80% Mastery SPI 0607.8.4 Interpret meteorological data to make predictions about the weather. TOTAL 47. 48. 49 /49 2= 66% 0 = 0% 80% Mastery 4

PART I. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD SPI 0807.INQ.1 Design a simple experimental procedure with an identified control and appropriate variables. 1. Students set up an experiment to investigate how temperature differences in water create currents. The students fill three identical tanks with the same amount of 20 C water. They put identical heaters in each tank. In the first tank, the heater is set to 20 C. In the second tank, the heater is set to 30 C. In the third tank, the heater is set to 40 C. The student then places drops of dye in the tanks to observe the water movement. Which of these is the dependent variable in the experiment? A. the size of the tank B. the temperature of the water C. the water movement in the tank D. the color of the dye in the water 2. A student wants to determine if different colored boxes produce the same temperature as a white box. The student places white, blue, and red boxes of the same size in the sunlight. A thermometer is placed inside each box. The student observes and records the temperatures in the boxes throughout the day. Which is the dependent variable in this investigation? A. size of the boxes B. repeated trials C. color of the boxes D. recorded temperatures 3. The independent variable affects the dependent variable. SPI 0807.INQ.2 Select tools and procedures needed to conduct a moderately complex experiment. 4. Which tool is most useful to observe the moons of Jupiter to help record their motion? A. microscope B. telescope C. balance D. binoculars 5

5. A tennis ball is hit with a tennis racket across a tennis court. Which tools are needed to measure the speed of the tennis ball and the distance it travels? A. balance scale and beaker B. measuring tape and microscope C. ruler and graduated cylinder D. stopwatch and measuring tape 6. A student heats different volumes of water in glass beakers and times how long it takes for the water temperatures to return to room temperature. Which tool should be used to measure the volume of the water? A. graduated cylinder B. meter stick C. stopwatch D. thermometer SPI 0807.INQ.3 Interpret and translate data into a table, graph, or diagram. 7. A student builds a circuit that connects batteries of different sizes to a doorbell. The student tests the doorbell circuit with the types of batteries shown in the table below. Doorbell Battery Test Type of Battery Number of Batteries Diameter of Each Battery (millimeters) Volts per Battery Does Doorbell Ring? AAA 1 10.5 1.5 No AAA 2 10.5 1.5 Yes AA 1 14.5 1.5 No AA 2 14.5 1.5 Yes Which statement is best supported by the data in the table? A. The doorbell will only ring if AA batteries are used. B. The doorbell will not ring if the circuit contains more than two AAA batteries. C. The doorbell will only ring if the total voltage of the batteries is greater than 1.5 volts. D. The doorbell will not ring if batteries smaller than 10.5 millimeters in diameter are used. 6

8. A graph of global average temperatures is shown below. 14.8 Global Average Temperatures 14.7 Temperature (ºC) 14.6 14.5 14.4 14.3 14.2 14.1 14.0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Year Which statement is best supported by the graph? A. The lowest global temperature was in 1992. B. The highest global temperature was in 1997. C. Average global temperatures decreased by 14 C from 1980 2005. D. Average global temperatures increased about 0.5 C from 1980 2005. 7

9. Students counted the number of organisms located in a one-meter square plot in a grassland prairie. Their data are shown below. Organism Ants Beetles Indian Grass Goldenrod Bluestem Number of Organisms 10 2 3 4 8 Which graph best represents the data? 20 Population Data 20 Population Data A Number of Organisms 15 10 5 C Number of Organisms 15 10 5 Ants Beetles Indian Grass Goldenrod Bluestem Ants Beetles Indian Grass Goldenrod Bluestem Type of Organism Type of Organism 20 Population Data 20 Population Data B Number of Organisms 15 10 5 D Number of Organisms 15 10 5 Ants Beetles Indian Grass Goldenrod Bluestem Ants Beetles Indian Grass Goldenrod Bluestem Type of Organism Type of Organism 8

SPI 0807.INQ.4 Draw a conclusion that establishes a cause and effect relationship supported by evidence. 10. Three healthy plants are placed in a dark cabinet. Another three are placed in a window. All the plants are given the same amount of water. After one month, only the plants in the window are living. These results support which conclusion? A. Darkness will cause plants to grow. B. Carbon dioxide is needed for growth. C. Leaves need more time to grow. D. Sunlight is needed for growth. 11. Water and ketchup are each poured onto a tray from two separate bottles. The charts below represent the amount of time it takes each liquid to flow from the top to the bottom of the tray. Water Data Ketchup Data Trial # Time (sec.) Trial # Time (sec.) 1 2 1 35 2 3 2 35 3 2 3 40 What conclusion is best supported by the data? A. Thicker liquids take longer to travel to the bottom of a tray. B. Thicker liquids take less time to travel to the bottom of a tray. C. Liquid with sugar crystals travels to the bottom of a tray faster. D. Liquid with a darker color travels to the bottom of a tray faster. 9

12. The table shows five years of rainfall data collected from one location. Rainfall Data Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Rainfall Amount (centimeters) 173 151 142 138 122 Which is the best conclusion based on these data? A. There was flooding in 2006. B. There was a drought in 2010. C. Yearly rainfall amounts decreased every year between 2006 and 2010. D. Yearly rainfall will increase between 2011 and 2016. 10

SPI. 0807.INQ.5 Identify a faulty interpretation of data that is due to bias or experimental error. 13. A group of students researched and collected data for a report on the weather in Nashville, Tennessee, for one year. Rainfall (inches) 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0.5.0 Average Monthly Rainfall in Nashville, Tennessee Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Month Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Based on the data, the students concluded that all cities in Tennessee will receive approximately 3.6 inches of rainfall next August. Which best explains why the students conclusion is incorrect? A. The data collected did not include yearly rainfall amounts. B. The data collected did not include daily rainfall amounts. C. Rainfall averages were collected only from one city. D. Rainfall averages were not compared to a previous year. 14. A student heated a sample of room temperature water. The water began to boil after 5 minutes of heating. The student concluded that the water temperature increased at a rate of 20 C per minute. Which best describes an error in the student s conclusion? A. The student should have repeated the experiment. B. The student should have measured the starting volume of the water. C. The student should have measured the starting temperature of the water. D. The student should have increased the amount of heat applied to the water. 11

15. From the same type of aluminum, several pieces have been hand cut to the same size. The data collected for the samples are shown below. Aluminum Sample Data Sample 1 2 3 4 Mass (g) 11.25 10.85 12.75 11.00 The mass of which sample was most likely recorded incorrectly? A. Sample 1 B. Sample 2 C. Sample 3 D. Sample 4 12

Part II. The Universe SPI 0607.6.1 Use data to draw conclusions about the major components of the universe. 16. The data table describes the movements of components in the universe. Components of the Universe Component W X Y Z Movement Orbits around planets Revolves around the sun Rotates through space around their centers Revolves around the sun in the same direction as planets Which component is best described by letter W? A. asteroids B. galaxies C. moons D. suns 13

17. Four components of the universe are described in the table below. Universe Component Descriptions Component 1 2 3 4 Description A collection of billions of stars, planets, and dust in an elliptical, spiral, or irregular shape A collection of planets, moons, comets, and asteroids that orbit a single star Millions of asteroids that orbit the sun in between two planets Streams of cosmic debris that break off from a comet and strike the surface of a planet Which component is most likely a solar system? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 14

18. The table lists some characteristics of objects in our solar system. Objects in Our Solar System Object Asteroid Moon Halley s Comet Planet in solar system Location Orbits the sun Orbits a planet Orbits the sun Orbits the sun Diameter Up to 1,000 km Up to 5,268 km 8 km 4,880 142,800 km Scientists observe an object with a diameter of 950 km in an orbit around the sun. Scientists will most likely identify it as which type of object? A. Asteroid B. Moon C. Comet D. Planet SPI 0607.6.2 Explain how the relative distance of objects from the earth affects how they appear. 19. During a solar eclipse, the sun and the moon appear to have exactly the same diameter. Which best explains this phenomena? A. The sun has a greater gravitational attraction than the moon because it is larger. B. The moon is larger than the sun but appears to be the same size because it is slightly closer to Earth. C. The moon is smaller than the sun but appears to be the same size because it is much closer to Earth. D. The sun travels closer to Earth than the moon because of its elliptical orbit. 20. The diameter of Jupiter is about 21 times greater than the diameter of Mars. A student observing Jupiter and Mars notices they appear similar in size when viewed from Earth. Jupiter and Mars appear similar in size because the A. distance from Earth to Jupiter is greater than the distance from Earth to Mars. B. diameter of Earth is in between the diameters of Jupiter and Mars. C. atmosphere of Jupiter is thicker than the atmosphere of Mars. D. temperatures on Jupiter vary more than temperatures on Mars. 15

21. A student sees the moon and says, The moon looks larger than the stars. Which best explains why the student makes this observation? A. The moon is reflecting light from the sun. B. The moon is closer to Earth than the stars. C. The moon is much larger than the stars. D. The moon is much larger than Earth. SPI 0607.6.3 Distinguish among a day, lunar cycle, and year based on the movements of the earth, sun, and moon. 22. Which most likely occurs in a 24-hour period? A. The moon rotates once on its axis. B. Earth rotates once on its axis. C. The moon rotates once around Earth. D. Earth rotates once around the sun. 23. Which of these takes about 365 days to complete? A. Earth rotating once on its axis B. Earth revolving once around the sun C. the moon revolving once around Earth D. the sun revolving once around Earth 24. The length of time it takes Earth to rotate once on its axis is called a A. season. B. month. C. year. D. day. 16

SPI 0607.6.4 Explain the different phases of the moon using a model of the earth, moon, and sun. 25. Which diagram best shows the arrangement of the Earth, sun, and moon during a new moon? F H G J 26. The diagram shows the moon orbiting Earth. Sunlight Earth Moon What moon phase is viewed from Earth when the moon is at the position shown in the diagram? A. new moon B. full moon C. waning gibbous D. waxing crescent 17

27. The diagram shows a waning crescent moon. Moon Sun? Earth Which moon phase will happen next? A. new moon B. waning gibbous C. full moon D. last quarter 18

SPI 0607.6.5 Predict the types of tides that occur when the earth and moon occupy various positions. 28. The diagram shows the sun, Earth, and four different locations of the moon. At which position would the moon be located for there to be the highest high tides at location X on Earth? 4 1 2 3 A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 29. Which of these has the greatest effect on the location of a high tide on Earth? A. speed at which Earth revolves B. distance between the sun and Earth C. strength of the magnetic field of Earth D. position of the moon as it orbits Earth 19

30. The diagram shows the sun and Earth. 1 8 2 Sun 7 Earth 3 6 X 5 4 What will cause a high tide to occur at location X? A. The moon is at location 2. B. The moon is at location 4. C. The moon is at location 5. D. The moon is at location 7. 20

SPI 0607.6.6 Use a diagram that shows the positions of the earth and sun to explain the four seasons. 31. A diagram of Earth revolving around the sun is shown below. 1 N S 2 S N Sun S N 4 N S 3 Winter is occurring in the Northern Hemisphere when Earth is at which position? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 21

ng Category: EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE 1: The Universe mance Indicator: 0607.6.6 Use a diagram that shows the positions of the earth and sun to explain the four seasons. 32. The diagram showsduring Earth initsfour positions its orbit around the sun. e diagram shows Earth in four positions orbit aroundduring the sun. 4 1 Sun 3 2 which position begin in the Southern Hemisphere? which position willinsummer begin inwill thesummer Southern Hemisphere? 1 A. B. C. D. 2 3 1 2 3 4 4 dd 95 Grade 6 Science Page 95 Copyright 2012 by Tennessee State Department of Education. All rights reserved. 22 2/19/13 11:40 AM

33. The diagram shows Earth at four different locations around the sun. S 1 S At which location is it summer in Earth s Northern Hemisphere? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 23

SPI 0607.6.7 Explain the difference between a solar and a lunar eclipse. 34. The diagram shows the locations of the sun, Earth, and the moon. Sun Earth Moon Which of these is possible only when the sun, Earth, and the moon are aligned as shown? A. a solar eclipse B. a third-quarter moon C. a lunar eclipse D. a first-quarter moon 35. The diagram shows Earth between the moon and the sun. Sun Earth X Moon Which event can be observed from Point X on Earth? A. a new moon B. a crescent moon C. a solar eclipse D. a lunar eclipse 24

36. A solar eclipse is most likely to occur when Earth, the moon, and the sun are in which location? F Sun Earth Moon G Sun Moon Earth H Moon Earth Sun J Sun Earth Moon 25

Part III. The Atmosphere SPI 0607.8.1 Analyze data to identify events associated with heat convection in the atmosphere. 37. The diagram represents air circulating over coastal land and the ocean. What most likely causes the air rising from the land to be warm? A. heat from electricity B. heat from the sun C. heat from hot springs D. heat from decomposition 26

38. The graphs below show the trend in wind speed and atmospheric pressure changes over a 6-hour period in a coastal area. Based on these data, which will most likely occur next in this area? A. clear sky B. dense fog C. high tide D. hurricane 27

39. The drawing below shows a sea breeze. When is this type of wind pattern most likely to occur? A. during the day when the land heats faster than the surface of the sea B. during the night when the surface of the sea cools faster than the land C. during the day when the sea is as warm as the land D. during the night when the air above land is warmer than the air above the sea SPI 0607.8.2 Recognize the connection between the sun s energy and the wind. 40. When the atmosphere is warmed by the sun, a change in air pressure results in A. clouds. B. humidity. C. precipitation. D. wind. 28

41. Which statement best describes the role of the sun in creating wind? A. The rays of the sun push air in all directions, creating wind. B. The radiation of the sun reacts with water over the ocean, creating wind. C. The energy of the sun heats land and water surfaces unevenly, creating wind. D. The energy of the sun directly heats the gases in Earth s atmosphere, creating wind. 42. The following is a process that takes place in the atmosphere. solar energy warm air rises air cools in upper atmosphere and sinks air currents This process can best be identified as A. wind formation. B. cloud formation. C. precipitation runoff. D. static electricity. SPI 0607.8.3 Describe how temperature differences in the ocean account for currents. 43. Which best explains the cause of currents that move north from the equator? A. Cold water at the poles rises and moves toward the tropics. B. Warm water at the equator rises and moves toward the poles. C. Warm water near the coastline rises and moves toward the poles. D. Cold water deep in the ocean rises and moves toward the tropics. 44. Movement of ocean currents is mainly caused by A. the magnetic field of Earth. B. temperature differences in the water. C. the gravitational pull from the sun. D. runoff of fresh water from land. 45. Which most likely causes the movement of warm surface ocean currents? A. Sunlight heats air forming strong winds that push currents. B. Low and high tides create energy for current movement. C. Shifting ocean plates force water toward the poles. D. Warm waters help in the melting of icebergs and glaciers.t211 29

SPI 0607.8.4 Interpret meteorological data to make predictions about the weather. 46. A student observes a clear sky and a temperature reading of 35 Celsius at 8:00 a.m. What is the most likely prediction about the day s weather? A. The day s weather will be cold. B. The day s weather will be rainy. C. The day s weather will be hot. D. The day s weather will be snowy. 47. Students collected weather data every two hours between 9 A.M. and 3 P.M., as shown in the table below. Based on these data, what type of weather should the students predict for later in the afternoon? A. hot and dry B. calm with clearing skies C. freezing rain and snow D. windy with precipitation 30

48. The barometer reading on a local weather forecast was 29.80 mm Hg and falling. What type of weather conditions are most likely about to occur? A. clear and cool B. clear and warm C. fair skies D. cloudy skies 31