UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA GY 112L: Earth History Lab Week 11 Paleozoic Part 2 Instructor: Dr. Douglas W. Haywick
Today s Agenda The Paleozoic Part 2 (Lab 8 exercises) 1) Sponges & Stromatoporoids 2) Stromatolites 3) Corals 4) Bryozoans 5) Stratigraphy
Sponges Sponge Facts: Phylum: Porifera
Sponges Sponge Facts: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent
Sponges excurrent pore incurrent pore Sponge Facts: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder excurrent pore
Sponges Sponge Facts: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder Mineral composition: spongin with spicules or calcite (calcisponges)
Sponges Sponge Facts: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder Mineral composition: spongin with spicules or calcite (calcisponges) Fossil Pres.: mineral replacement or pristine
Stromatoporoids Now known to be a type of sponge. They were important paleozoic reef builders
Stromatoporoids Stromatoporoid Facts: Phylum: Porifera Range: Ordovician-Mississippian Cretaceous? Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder Mineral composition: calcite Fossil Pres.: pristine
Stromatolites The first visible fossils
Stromatolites Stromatolite Facts: Kingdom: Cyanobacteria Range: Archean-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, colonial, photosynthesis Mineral composition: calcite Fossil Pres.: pristine
Corals One of the most important animals as far as geology is concerned. They evolved early and showed amazing diversity
Corals Phylum: Cnidaria Coral Facts:
Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa
Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia
Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T)
Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T)
Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent)
Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent) Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells)
Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent) Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells) Mineral composition: calcite or aragonite
Corals Coral Facts: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent) Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells) Mineral composition: calcite or aragonite Fossil Pres.: pristine, molds/chalky/replaced
Bryozoans (Moss Animals) Bryozoan Facts: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new)
Bryozoans Bryozoan Facts: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent
Bryozoans Bryozoan Facts: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial
Bryozoans Bryozoan Facts: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial Mineral composition: calcite and aragonite
Bryozoans Bryozoan Facts: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial Mineral composition: calcite and aragonite Fossil Pres.: pristine
Bryozoan Forms Digitate Lacy
Bryozoan Anatomy The living chambers are called zooecia The animals are called zooids
Stratigraphy and Rock Suites Collections of rocks from a specific region that cover a specific time frame 1) Niagara Falls (limestone and dolostone)
Stratigraphy and Rock Suites Why a waterfall and not a set of rapids? Consider the stratigraphy. 1) Niagara Falls
Rate of retreat Stratigraphy and Rock Suites
Lab Time
GY 112L: Earth History Lab 8: Paleozoic Rocks and Fossils 2 Instructor: Dr. Doug Haywick dhaywick@southalabama.edu This is a free open access lecture, but not for commercial purposes. For personal use only.