UNIT 1: Pa-erns in Human Geography Chapter 1- Where people live. Chapter 2- How they live. Chapter 3- How we use the Earth Chapter 4- How we work. Chapter 5- Consequences. Chapter 1: Where people live. We will be looking at populakon pa-erns in the world today. Pa-erns in how people spread themselves and choose to live. Figure out why people live in certain areas. 1
Term Chapter 1: Where People Live Key Terms Demography? Census? PopulaKon DistribuKon? PopulaKon Density (sparse, moderate, dense) Arable land? Industrial RevoluKon? Developed nakons and Developing nakons?? Term Demography Census Chapter 1: Where People Live Key Terms PopulaKon DistribuKon PopulaKon Density (sparse, moderate, dense) Arable land Industrial RevoluKon Developed nakons and Developing nakons The study of human populakon A survey to collect info about a populakon Describes where people live Number of people living in a square km. Land with good soil, climate and water. Good for crops. The change from an farming society to industrial. Industrialized. Wealthy. Developing are in the process. 2
Current PopulaKon Trends For most of human history, populakon growth was relakvely slow. Today, the globe s populakon is growing very rapidly by 80 million per year. Presently, the populakon is 7, 145,000,000, and growing by 200,000 people per day. Current Trends Eighty percent of the world s people live in countries that are economically developing. Developed means industrialized. Developing- in the process of industrializing. 97% of the world s growth is occurring in the developing countries. 3
PopulaKon growth since 1 A.D. Future Trends? What do you think will happen to our world populakon in the next 50 years? 4
PopulaKon Explosion? How are we spread out? PopulaKon DistribuKon There are a lot of people, but we are not spread out evenly. Where people live in a country is referred to as its populakon distribukon. Demographers study populakon distribukon pa-erns in countries. 5
DistribuKon in Canada? Describe the populakon distribukon in Canada. What does this map tell you about Canada s populakon distribukon? What pa-ern do you see? 6
Canada s PopulaKon DistribuKon Pa-erns The greatest concentrakon of people live close to the US border. The St. Lawrence and Great Lakes area has the largest number of people. Major cikes have the most people. Tells us how many people on average live in a square kilometer. It is calculated by: Total populakon Area of country (km2) 7
Sparse, Moderate, and Dense Sparse Moderate Dense Defini*on On average, people can be very spread out. Usually less than 15 people per square km. More people, but skll quite a bit of room to spread out. Between 15 to 150 people per square km. Many people living in a Kght space. Over 150 people per square km. Example countries Canada, Australia, Russia, Iceland, Mongolia United States, China, France Bangladesh, Israel, Japan, Singapore PopulaKon DensiKes of the World: Number of people per square km. Any pa-erns? 8
PopulaKon Density in Canada PopulaKon Density in the U.S. Any pa-erns? 9
Why do people live where they live? Reasons? Three main reasons 1- Natural Environment 2- Economic Development 3- History 10
1. Natural Environment Why are we not more spread out? First of all, 71% of the world is covered by water. Second, of the remaining 29%, less than half of that is able to support human ackvity. Approximately 90% of the world s populakon lives on 10% of the land area. 1. Natural Environment Many dense populakons are found in areas with good arable land. Why? Many dense populakons are found in coastal areas, river valleys, and near lakes. Why? Sparse populakons are found in the extreme north and south. Why? 11
This map shows the percentage of good arable land each country has. Canada is in the 0 4 range, meaning not even 5% of our land area is not suitable for growing crops. Any pa-erns? Any generalizakons? 2. Economic Development Before the Industrial RevoluKon, most people lived in rural areas (farmland). Aker a nakon industrializes, most people live in urban areas (cikes). Family sizes in developing countries are usually much larger than in developed countries. 12
It was invenkons like the Co-on Gin (lek) and the steam engine that revolukonized how humans worked. Machines became more and more part of the process. 13
3. History Some areas of the world are densely populated simply because people have lived there for so long. Europe, Africa, and Asia are all more densely populated than North and South America. 14