Learning and Teaching Heat and Gases Breath and Depth 12 April 2011
Similar to previous CE Similar to previous AL (a) Temperature, heat and internal energy (d) Gases (b) Transfer processes (c) Change of state
Items in C&A guide (more interpretation required) Breath and Depth
Conduction, convection and radiation * Factors affecting the rate of conduction ( ) NOT required in compulsory part but appear in the Elective part Energy and Use of Energy Evaporation * Discuss the factors affecting rate of evaporation Explain evaporation and its cooling effect in terms of molecular motion qualitatively ( ), State the factors ( ), interpret the factors in terms of molecular motion ( )
Gases : General gas law Point to note The name of all three laws, i.e. Boyle s law ( ), Charles law ( ) and pressure law ( ). Volume temperature relation and pressuretemperature relation are used instead of the name Charles law and pressure law. Describe experiments to verify Boyle s law, V T and P T relations. pv diagrams are used to show the states of gas. Mass of one mole of gas is used instead of the term molar mass. NOT REQUIRED Boltzmann constant k Avogadro s law Critical temperature Heating and work done on gas (1 st law of thermodynamics) Thermodynamic processes and cycles (e.g. isothermal, isobaric and adiabatic)
Gases : Kinetic theory Stating that at high temperature and low pressure a real gas behaves as an ideal gas Explain in what condition a real gas behaves like an ideal gas (microscopic explanation) Suggestion: Better be taught after the studies of momentum.
Learning and Teaching Force and Motion Breath and Depth 12 April 2011
Similar to previous CE Similar to previous AL (a) Position and movement (e) Momentum (2D) (b) Force and motion (c) Projectile motion (d) Work, energy and power (f) Uniform circular motion (e) Momentum (g) Gravitation
Force and Motion Combining percentage errors Calculus (whole syllabus) Kinematics and Newton s laws of motion Relative velocity Dependence of air resistance on mass, size and shape of objects Concepts and formulae of kinetic friction and static friction Solving problems involving two body or many body systems Moment (L) Suitable examples should be used to help students understand the concept of moment of a force Solving problems involving non perpendicular forces Stability of an object: neutral, unstable and stable equilibrium against the position of C.G.
Force and Motion Work, Energy and Power The concepts of energy being stored when spring/elastic cord is extended/compressed The amount of energy stored increases with the extension/compression Formula for elastic potential energy P = F v Momentum Deriving the law of conservation of momentum from Newton s laws of motion Condition of right angle fork collision Mathematical proof of it The extension of right angle fork collision to cases of unequal masses or with K.E. loss
Projectile motion Resolve the vector quantities into horizontal and vertical components, and solve problems by considering the x and y directions separately. Derive range, time of flight and max. height Derive y (x) to prove a parabolic path Quantitative treatment of air resistance on projectile motion
Circular motion ALL Non uniform circular motions such as looping the loop, roller coaster and vertical motion of a bucket of water Uniform circular motion centrifuge ( ) Overturning of vehicles (moment) Problems involving coefficient of static friction Discussing the motion and energy of a satellite with losing K.E. (Appear in the Elective part Astronomy and Space Science ) Teaching notes Teachers should select suitable examples for facilitating students learning of the concept of uniform circular motion. Students should be able to identify which force is providing the centripetal force for the object to undergo uniform circular motion.
Gravitation G field within the Earth / a planet Addition of g field due to two or more objects Kepler s laws (included in the Elective part Astronomy and Space Science.) Escape speed (included in the Elective part Astronomy and Space Science.) Paths of object projected out with different speeds