Hard X-ray Properties of Water Maser Galaxies Eugenia Litzinger University of Würzburg & Dr. Karl Remeis-Observatory Bamberg/ECAP J. Walther, M. Kadler, M. Langejahn, W.H. Baumgartner, N. Gehrels, C.B. Markwardt, J. Braatz, J. Wilms, M. Böck, K. Leiter June 19, 1 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays 1 / 1
Water Maser Overview Water (H O) emission at. GHz 1. cm Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation collisional pumping by X-ray source or shock waves inverse population Megamaser: L > 1 L Image courtesy of NRAO/AUI and Artist: John Kagaya (Hoshi No Techou). Credit: J. Herrnstein, et. al., NRAO/AUI and CfA. NGC 8 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
Water Maser Megamaser Cosmology Project NGC 8 survey of AGN to search for water maser emission, especially in a circumnuclear disk VLBI and single-dish observations 1 maser galaxies detected; confirmed disk masers Greenhill+ 199 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
Water Maser Megamaser Cosmology Project Keplerian curve NGC 8 determination of M BH geometrical distance D = r/θ a = v r/r D = v r/aθ + disk modeling: = independent measurement of H = 8.±. km/s/mpc (Kuo+ 11, Reid+ 1) θ v r Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
Water Maser What properties do maser galaxies have in X-rays? Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
Water Maser What properties do maser galaxies have in X-rays? diagnostic of conditions around BH with soft and hard X-rays connection with radio emission, lags (inclination)? Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
Water Maser What properties do maser galaxies have in X-rays? diagnostic of conditions around BH with soft and hard X-rays connection with radio emission, lags (inclination)? soft X-rays determination of N H : high fraction Compton thick Zhang+ Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
Water Maser What properties do maser galaxies have in X-rays? diagnostic of conditions around BH with soft and hard X-rays connection with radio emission, lags (inclination)? soft X-rays determination of N H : high fraction Compton thick very complex models (see poster F19 by K. Leiter) Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
Water Maser What properties do maser galaxies have in X-rays? diagnostic of conditions around BH with soft and hard X-rays connection with radio emission, lags (inclination)? soft X-rays determination of N H : high fraction Compton thick very complex models (see poster F19 by K. Leiter) hard X-rays unaffected by absorption; less complex models (?) Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
BAT Sky Map 9 18 18 9. BAT sources ( month survey) Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
BAT Sky Map 9 18 18 9. BAT sources ( month survey) Maser sources BAT detected maser sources (σ >.) Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
BAT Detections - - - -1 1 1 maser sources Center:. +.. 1 1 σ:.99 +..19 - - - -1 1 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
BAT Detections 1 1 - - - 1 maser sources Center:. +.. σ:.99 +..19-1 1 - - - -1 1 1 1 blank sky positions 1 Center:. ±.9 σ: 1. ±. 1 8 - - - -1 1 - - - -1 1 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
BAT Detections 1 1 - - - 1 maser sources Center:. +.. σ:.99 +..19-1 1 - - - -1 1 1 1 blank sky positions 1 Center:. ±.9 σ: 1. ±. 1 8 - - - - - - -1 1-1 1 - - - -1 1 1 1 1 1 8 blank sky rescaled to maser Center:. +.1. σ: 1.8 +.9. - - - -1 1 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
BAT Detections 1 1 - - - 1 maser sources Center:. +.. σ:.99 +..19-1 1 - - - -1 1 1 1 blank sky positions 1 Center:. ±.9 σ: 1. ±. 1 8-1 1 1 1 8 - - - - - Center:. +.1. σ: 1.8 +.9. -1 1-1 1 blank sky rescaled to maser - - - -1 1 - - - -1 1 - - - -1 1 1 9 detected sources 8 - - - -1 1 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
BAT Detections 1 1 - - - 1 maser sources Center:. +.. σ:.99 +..19-1 1 - - - -1 1 1 1 blank sky positions 1 Center:. ±.9 σ: 1. ±. 1 8-1 1 1 1 8 - - - - - Center:. +.1. σ: 1.8 +.9. -1 1-1 1 blank sky rescaled to maser - - - -1 1 - - - -1 1 - - - -1 1 9 detected sources sources with SNR> 8 1 - - - -1 1 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
BAT Detections 1 1 - - - 1 maser sources Center:. +.. σ:.99 +..19-1 1 - - - -1 1 1 1 blank sky positions 1 1 8 Center:. ±.9 σ: 1. ±. - 1 1 1 1 8 - - - - - Center:. +.1. σ: 1.8 +.9. -1 1-1 1 blank sky rescaled to maser - - - -1 1 - - - - - - - - - -1 1 9 detected sources 8-1 1 sources with SNR> see also poster F1 by M. Langejahn 1-1 1 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
BAT Spectral Fitting fitted spectra in the 1 kev range of BAT with a simple power law photon index Γ well constrained for sources determined the luminosity L 1 kev estimate for bad sources and upper limits for undetected sources comparison with radio luminosities Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays / 1
BAT Luminosity 1 L X vs. L H O weak correlation ρ=.9 comparable with soft X-rays (Kondratko et al. ) log L 1 kev [L ] 1 11 1 9 8 1 log L HO [L ] Calculated Estimate Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays 8 / 1
BAT Luminosity 1 L X vs. L H O weak correlation ρ=.9 comparable with soft X-rays (Kondratko et al. ) log L 1 kev [L ] 1 11 1 9 8 1 log L HO [L ] Calculated Estimate L X vs. L cm stronger correlation ρ=. upper limits also follow the correlation log L 1 kev [L ] 1 1 11 1 9 8 Calculated Estimate 8 9 1 11 1 1 1 log L cm [1 1 W] 1 1 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays 8 / 1
BAT Luminosity 1 Disk maser strong correlation for radio continuum ρ=. no correlation for maser luminosity = variability, radio lags? log L 1 kev [L ] log L 1 kev [L ] 1 11 1 9 8 1 1 11 1 9 8 1 log L HO [L ] Calculated Estimate Calculated Estimate 8 9 1 11 1 1 1 log L cm [1 1 W] 1 1 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays 9 / 1
Comparison Sample Are the maser galaxies special in hard X-rays? Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays 1 / 1
Comparison Sample Redshift masers peak at low redshifts <. BAT AGN shifted towards higher redshifts., all kind of AGN BAT AGN (8) Maser () KS-test: 9.8e-1 a) 1.1.. Redshift z.. Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays 11 / 1
Comparison Sample Redshift masers peak at low redshifts <. BAT AGN shifted towards higher redshifts., all kind of AGN better sample: AGN with same classification 1.1.. Redshift z Non-maser (1) Maser () KS-test:.9.. b) Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays 11 / 1
Comparison Sample Are the maser galaxies special in hard X-rays? Water maser galaxies: mostly Seyfert thousands of galaxies surveyed: detection of 1 maser galaxies Comparison sample: Zhang et al. 1, A&A 8, A1 89 nearby Seyfert galaxies already surveyed for H O emission 1 detected with BAT with σ >.8 Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays 1 / 1
Comparison Sample Luminosity compared in the 1 19 kev range similar photon indices maser seem to be more luminous 1 1 8 Non-maser (1) Maser () 1 log L 1 19 kev [erg s 1 ] Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays 1 / 1
Summary Summary detection of maser sources in the BAT month survey (significance>σ) strong correlation between the hard X-rays and the radio continuum luminosity, also for disk-maser weak correlation between the hard X-rays and the maser luminosity, no correlation for disk-maser (variability?) maser tend to be more luminous than non-maser sources Outlook power law does not fit all maser spectra = combine hard X-ray spectra in the 1 19 kev range with soft X-rays ( 1 kev; see poster by K. Leiter) checking variable sources in X-ray (XMM-Newton) and radio (GBT, VLA) for radio lags/connection possible detection of maser galaxies in the X-rays? Eugenia Litzinger Water Masers at Hard X-rays 1 / 1