Matter Matter is anything that Has mass Takes up space (volume) Things that are not matter Light Heat sound
How would you classify matter? Come up with a way to classify/categorize these examples of matter into 3 groups (i.e. think of 3 separate hashtags. Each of the materials should fit one of those hash tags only.) Is it important to classify materials? Why or why not?
Lesson 3 Learning Target Describe and apply different ways of classifying materials based on their composition and properties, including: a. Distinguish between pure substances, solutions, and mechanical mixtures b. Distinguish between metals and non-metals c. Identifying and applying other methods of classification
Particle model of matter All matter is made up of extremely tiny particles Each pure substance has its own kind of particle, different from the particles of other pure substances Particles attract each other Particles are always moving Particles at higher temperatures move faster on average than particles at a lower temperature
Classification of matter There are 3 common methods that scientists use to classify materials Gas Liquid Solid
Classification of matter There are 3 common methods that scientists use to classify materials Method 2: Classification by metal/non-metal Metals: Shiny Malleable (bendable) Good conductors of electricity Non-metals: Dull Not malleable (bendable) Poor conductors of electricity
Classification of matter There are 3 common methods that scientists use to classify materials Method 3: Classification by composition mixture or pure substance (a.k.a. Mechanical Mixtures) (a.k.a. Solutions)
Classification of matter Method 3: Classification by composition: mixture or pure substance Pure substance: a material that contains only one kind of particle (only one kind of molecule)
Classification of matter Compound: the substance is made up of more than one kind of atom, but each particle (molecule) of the substance is the same. Element: the substance is made up of one kind of atom only (i.e. anything on the periodic table)
Classification of matter Method 3: Classification by composition: mixture or pure substance Mixture: a combination of two or more pure substances. The properties of each pure substance have not changed, but may be hidden.
Classification of matter Heterogeneous/ Mechanical Mixture: you can see the different substances Homogeneous/ Solution: you cannot see the different substances. To the naked eye it looks like a pure substance
Ordinary mechanical mixtures In ordinary mechanical mixtures, the different parts are big enough to see, and they stay mixed (i.e. they do not separate). An example of this is granite because you can see the particles of quartz, feldspar, and mica
Suspensions A suspension is made of large particles that are uniformly mixed but will separate if left undisturbed. Suspensions can be separated by filtering and will scatter light. Flour is an example of a suspension.
Colloids Colloids are composed of fine particles evenly distributed throughout a second substance. Fog is an example of a colloid.
Whether a mixture forms a solution, colloid, or suspension depends on the size of the particles, solubility, and mixing ability (miscibility).
Emulsions Emulsions are types of colloids in which liquids are dispersed in liquids. An example is salad dressing. Shaking the oil (liquid) and vinegar (liquid) creates an emulsion, but the mixture soon separates into layers.
Classification of matter https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vt7ln4qpu0k The science of macaroni salad: What s in a mixture? Is mayo a pure substance? Why or why not?
Check for understanding 1. Label the following kinds of matter as either mixtures or pure substances Pepsi helium table salt pizza mercury trail mix 2. List the 3 methods that can be used to classify matter 3. What is the big difference between heterogeneous (mechanical) mixtures and homogeneous mixtures (solutions)?
Check for understanding 1. Label the following kinds of matter as either mixtures or pure substances Pepsi Mixture helium Pure substance table salt Pure substance pizza Mixture mercury Pure substance trail mix Mixture 2. List the 3 methods that can be used to classify matter 1. By state of matter: gas, liquid, solid, or plasma 2. By metal/non-metal 3. By composition: mixture or pure substance 3. Distinguish between heterogeneous (mechanical) mixtures and homogeneous mixtures (solutions). Give an example of each. Heterogeneous (mechanical) mixture: You can see the different substances. Ex. Fruit salad Homogeneous mixture (solution): You cannot see the different substances, but the different substances keep their original properties. Ex. Air
Classification of matter - Lab Question: Can you determine the classification of mystery substances?
Classification of matter Final thoughts Describe and apply different ways of classifying materials based on their composition and properties, including: a. Distinguish between pure substances, solutions, and mechanical mixtures b. Distinguish between metals and non-metals c. Identifying and applying other methods of classification Write a number on the chalkboard to indicate your understanding of this learning target. 1 No idea 2 Sort of 3 Mostly 4 I m a pro Hand in lab write-up if you re done. Due tomorrow.