Winter and Spring Weed Control Options for Tall Fescue Turf Dec 26, 2010 L. S. Warren (02-12-13) North Carolina State University
Mar 20, 2012
What are advantages to early weed identification? Can control before desired turf gets thinned out Less herbicide usually needed for control of younger plants (save money) Herbicide may not control mature plants no matter the rate (Henbit very hard to control in winter and spring) Herbicides do not kill weed seeds (you may kill the parent plant, but offspring will be unaffected)
Oct 24, 2008
Apr 6, 2009
Discussion Topics February through March Post annual bluegrass Post winter broadleaf weeds Post wild garlic Pre smooth crabgrass and goosegrass April through May Post crabgrass and goosegrass Post sedge and kyllinga weed species Post summer broadleaf weeds
Late Season Postemergence Annual Bluegrass Control in Tall Fescue February through April
2012: Amicarbazone Receives U.S. Registration for Use in Turf Use sites: Golf courses Sod farms Commercial/Residential areas Parks and recreational areas Academic grounds Tolerant turf: All warm-season species Cool-season species: Tall fescue*** Perennial ryegrass Fine fescue Kentucky bluegrass Creeping bentgrass ***2 to 4 oz/a applied twice at 2 to 3 wk intervals if established for 6 months
% Control Annual Bluegrass Control in Triple Threat Ryegrass Using Amicarb at 2 and 4 oz/a 6 22 22 lsd p=.05 100 80 60 40 20 Amicarbazone 2 oz/a Feb 23 and Mar 7 Amicarbazone 4 oz/a Feb 23 and Mar 7 Amicarbazone 2 oz/a Feb 23 and Mar 15 Amicarbazone 4 oz/a Feb 23 and Mar 15 0 21-Mar 6-Apr 21-Apr 2010-11: Lake Wheeler Field Lab Check Induce applied at 0.25%
% Plot Coverage Triple Threat Ryegrass Stand Effects Using Amicarbazone at 2 and 4 oz/a 9 5 2 lsd p=.05 100 80 60 40 20 Amicarbazone 2 oz/a Feb 23 and Mar 7 Amicarbazone 4 oz/a Feb 23 and Mar 7 Amicarbazone 2 oz/a Feb 23 and Mar 15 Amicarbazone 4 oz/a Feb 23 and Mar 15 0 21-Mar 6-Apr 21-Apr 2010-11: Lake Wheeler Field Lab Check Induce applied at 0.25%
Amicarbazone + Induce 2 oz/a + 0.25% Applied Feb 23 and Mar 7 Photo Apr 21
Amicarbazone + Induce 4 oz/a + 0.25% Applied Feb 23 and Mar 7 Photo Apr 21
Amicarbazone + Induce 2 oz/a + 0.25% Applied Feb 23 and Mar 15 Photo Apr 21
Amicarbazone + Induce 4 oz/a + 0.25% Applied Feb 23 and Mar 15 Photo Apr 21
Check Photo Apr 21
% Control Postemergence Annual Bluegrass Control Using Amicarbazone 70WG 8 lsd p=.05 100 80 60 Amicarbazone + Induce 3 oz/a + 0.25% Amicarbazone + Induce 4 oz/a + 0.25% 40 20 Amicarbazone + Induce 5 oz/a + 0.25% 0 POAAN Apr 29 2010: Tobacco Road Golf Club Check Applied Mar 16 and Apr 6
Nontreated Photo Apr 6, 2010 Amicarbazone 3 oz/a Mar 16 and Apr 6, 2010 Tobacco Road Golf Club
Annual Bluegrass 56 DAT Nontreated
Annual Bluegrass 56 DAT Amicarbazone 0.7 oz/a Foliage-only Soil-only Foliage + Soil
Annual Bluegrass 56 DAT Amicarbazone 2.1 oz/a Foliage-only Soil-only Foliage + Soil
% Control Post POAAN Control in Overseeded Bermuda Using Amicarbazone 70WG 100 80 53 lsd p=.05 3 oz/a Dec 8, Dec 20 3 oz/a Dec 20, Jan 5 3 oz/a Jan 5, Jan 19 60 40 20 3 oz/a Feb 1, Feb 15 4 oz/a Dec 8, Dec 20 4 oz/a Dec 20, Jan 5 4 oz/a Jan 5, Jan 19 0 27-Mar Belvedere Country Club (2011-12) 4 oz/a Feb 1, Feb 15 Check Induce applied at 0.25% v/v
% Stand Reduction PHD Ryegrass Tolerance to Amicarbazone 70WG at Various Timings 100 17 lsd p=.05 3 oz/a Dec 8, Dec 20 80 60 40 20 3 oz/a Dec 20, Jan 5 3 oz/a Jan 5, Jan 19 3 oz/a Feb 1, Feb 15 4 oz/a Dec 8, Dec 20 4 oz/a Dec 20, Jan 5 4 oz/a Jan 5, Jan 19 0 27-Mar Belvedere Country Club (2011-12) 4 oz/a Feb 1, Feb 15 Check Induce applied at 0.25% v/v
AMICARB + NIS 3 OZ + 0.25% DEC 20 JAN 5 AMICARB + NIS 3 OZ + 0.25% FEB 1 FEB 15 Photo Mar 1
AMICARB + NIS 4 OZ + 0.25% JAN 5 JAN 19 410 AMICARB + NIS 4 OZ + 0.25% FEB 1 FEB 15 Photo Mar 1
Photo Mar 1, 2012
Photo Nov 17, 2010 (4 WAIT) Bentgrass injury with Amicarbazone
Common Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds Henbit Chickweed species Carolina geranium Hairy bittercress Yellow woodsorrel Hop clover Speedwell species Parsley-piert Lawn burweed Knawel Vetch species Facelis Swinecress Purple deadnettle Shepherds-purse Virginia pepperweed Field pansy Buttercup species
Common Cool Season Perennial Broadleaf Weeds Dandelion species White clover Plantain species Cudweed species Mock strawberry Dichondra Wild violet Primrose species Mallow species Florida betony
Postemergence Winter Broadleaf Weed Control in Tall Fescue - Fall timings ideal if fescue is established, especially for henbit control - Henbit will be extremely difficult to control if wait to spray in the winter or spring - Many herbicides available (2,4-D, mecoprop, dicamba, dichlorprop, clopyralid, triclopyr, fluroxypyr, sulfentrazone, carfentrazone, pyraflufen combinations)
% Control Postemergence Henbit Control in Common 100 80 60 40 20 0 Bermudagrass with Standard Herbicides 13 25 34 40 35 LSD (p=.05) 52 73 27 21 99 Amine 4 3.74SL 2 pt/a Spotlight 1.5EC 1.33 pt/a Amine 4 + Spotlight 0.67 + 1 pt/a Confront 3SL 1.5 pt/a Millenium Ultra 3.75L 2.5 pt/a Speed Zone 2.2EC 3.5 pt/a Trimec Classic 3.32L 3.5 pt/a Trimec Southern 4.58SL 2 pt/a Manor 60WG + X-77 0.5 oz/a + 0.25% Check Sprayed Mar 14, 2005 Rated Apr 11, 2005 (Sampson County)
Trimec Classic 3.5 pt/a: Apr 11, 2005 (4 WAT)
% Control Henbit control averaged over 1997-2007 100 80 Millenium Ultra 2 1-1.25 qt Escalade 2 1-1.5 qt Trimec Classic 1.5-1.75 qt 60 40 50 39 38 43 42 Confront 1-2 pt Coolpower 1-1.5 qt 20 0 Rates are product per acre, averaged across formulations, locations, years.
Henbit Photo Nov 17, 2009
Check Escalade 2 4EC 3 pt/a Applied 10-22-09 Photo 11-17-09
Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Herbicides Labeled for Warm or Cool Season Turf Use 2,4-D Mecoprop Dicamba Weedar 64 MCPP-p 4 Amine Banvel, Vanquish Three-way mixes: Triplet SF, Three-Way Selective Trimec many formulations (southern) MCPA and / or triclopyr-containing products Tri-Power, Cool Power, Horsepower, Battleship III Clopyralid-containing products (legumes) (not for home use) Lontrel, Confront, Millennium Ultra, Millennium Ultra 2
Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Herbicides Labeled for Warm or Cool Season Turf Use Carfentrazone-containing products (quicker burndown) Power Zone, Speed Zone, Speed Zone Southern, Quicksilver Fluroxypyr-containing products (woody plants-buttonweed) Escalade, Escalade Low Odor, Escalade 2, Battleship III Metsulfuron-containing products Manor (not tall fescue), Blindside Penoxsulam: Lockup formulations
Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Herbicides Labeled for Warm or Cool Season Turf Use Sulfentrazone-containing products (quicker burndown) Dismiss, Dismiss Southern, Surge, Tzone Pyraflufen-containing products (even quicker burndown!!!) Octane, 4-Speed, 4-Speed XT Warm Season Turf Use Only Thiencarbazone + iodosulfuron + dicamba Celsius 68WG (registered in 2010)
Wild Garlic Cool Season Turf Feb 22, 2005 My front yard!!!
Wild Garlic Mar 11, 2005 (17 DAT) 2,4-D amine Many formulations 3 lb ai/acre + surfactant Tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass Bermuda, zoysia Treat for 2 years
Preemergence Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control in Fescue Lots of choices: Apply now through early March 1. Usually advantageous to split applications at 6 to 8 wk intervals if using DNA herbicides (benefin, oryzalin, prodiamine, pendimethalin) or dithiopyr 2. If fall seeded, prodiamine may be safest on immature fescue roots
% injury Tolerance of fall-seeded tall fescue to PRE herbicides with single applications 100 Barricade 0.75 lb 80 60 46 49 64 Dimension 0.5 lb Pendulum 3 lb Ronstar 3 lb 40 20 0 30 19 23 24 14 15 10 10 10 4 3 3 seeded Oct 10 seeded Oct 16 seeded Oct 30 Team 3 lb LSD=15.7 LSD=16.5 LSD=21.3 Barricade - 65WG, Dimension - 1EC, Pendulum - 3.3EC, Ronstar - 2G, Team - 2G. Treatments applied March 11, 1996. Evaluations taken May 27.
% injury Tolerance of fall-seeded tall fescue to PRE herbicides with split applications 100 80 60 Barricade 0.5 fb 0.25 lb Dimension 0.25 fb 0.25 lb Pendulum 1.5 fb 1.5 lb Ronstar 2 fb 1 lb 40 20 0 30 25 20 23 19 20 21 16 6 8 5 1 0 0 1 seeded Oct 10 seeded Oct 16 seeded Oct 30 LSD=15.7 LSD=16.5 LSD=21.3 Team 1.5 fb 1.5 lb Barricade - 65WG, Dimension - 1EC, Pendulum - 3.3EC, Ronstar - 2G, Team - 2G. Initial trts applied March 11, 1996; sequentials applied May 6. Evaluations on May 27.
% Control Smooth Crabgrass Control in Tall Fescue 100 31 LSD ( P =.05) 80 60 40 20 0 Single - Full Rate Split - Half Rate 2X Barricade 65WG [3] Barricade 4F [3] Dimension 1EC [4] Dimen. Ultra 40WP [4] Pre-M 60DF [3] Pendulum 3.3EC [3] Pend. Aqua Cap [3] Pendulum 2G [3] Surflan 4F [3] Team Pro 0.86G [3+3] Check 09-02-03 (175 DAIT) Trt Dates: Mar 11 and May 9
% Control Application Effects on Smooth Crabgrass 2002 2007: Wesleyan College Rocky Mt. 100 80 77 85 One Application 60 b a 40 20 Two Applications 0 September
PRE Crabgrass and Goosegrass Herbicide Families Dinitroanilines (DNA s) Balan, Surflan, Team Pro, Pendulum, Barricade, Echelon Have PRE and early POST activity (be careful here!!) Will control crabgrass and goosegrass in the one leaf stage if watered in immediately granules iffy!! Are root inhibitor herbicides Not for use on athletic fields or heavy traffic areas
PRE Crabgrass and Goosegrass Herbicide Families Pyridines Dithiopyr (Dimension, Dimension Ultra WSP) Are not DNA herbicides but have the same mode of action (excellent crabgrass, good on goosegrass) Somewhat volatile works better pre as a granular Controls crab & goose up to 3-4 lvs granules iffy Not recommended on athletic fields either
St. Aug. sprayed in spring 2001 with Barricade 65WG photo Oct 29 Normal roots Clubbed roots
Pre crab and goose control Athletic fields, worn turf, high traffic areas Shoot inhibitor herbicide: oxadiazole family Common name / Trade name: oxadiazon / Ronstar Inhibits photosynthesis does not inhibit root growth Absorbed through shoots only No post activity at all do not apply after germination!! Not labeled for home use!!
% Control Preemergent smooth crabgrass control averaged over 1997-2007 100 80 81 89 87 87 90 92 Dimension 0.5 lb Surflan 3 lb Team Pro 3 lb 60 Ronstar 2-3 lb Pendulum 2-3 lb 40 Barricade 0.5-0.75 lb 20 0 Rates are lb ai/a, averaged across formulations, locations, years.
Discussion Dithiopyr (Dimension Ultra) Has the shortest half-life of the herbicides tested (17 days) and is also moderately to highly volatile (6 to 18% loss in 3 days; 12 to 40% loss in 30 days). Water in immediately after application!!!!! Low volatile herbicide Prodiamine (Barricade) More flexibility waiting on rain or irrigation events
% Control Pre and Post Smooth Crabgrass Control Using Various Echelon Formulations and Timings 25 LSD (P=.05) 100 80 60 40 20 0 DIGIS Sep 30 2009: Thorndale Country Club Echelon 4SC 1.5 pt/a Apr 2 pre Echelon 0.3G fertilizer 375 lb/a Apr 2 pre Echelon 4SC 2.25 pt/a Apr 17 1-3 lf Echelon 0.3G fertilizer 375 lb/a Apr 17 1-3 lf Echelon 4SC 2.25 pt/a May 12 1-2 till Echelon 0.3G fertilizer 375 lb/a May 12 1-2 till Check
% Control Preemergent goosegrass control averaged over 1997-2007 100 80 87 74 90 87 86 Dimension 0.5 lb Surflan 3 lb Ronstar 2-3 lb 60 Pendulum 2-3 lb 40 Barricade 0.5-0.75 lb 20 0 Rates are lb ai/a, averaged across formulations, locations, years.
% Control Pre and Post Goosegrass Control Using Various 100 80 60 40 20 0 Echelon Formulations and Timings 34 LSD (P=.05) ELEIN Sep 30 2009: Thorndale Country Club Echelon 4SC 1.5 pt/a Apr 2 pre Echelon 0.3G fertilizer 250 lb/a Apr 2 pre Barricade 4F 1.5 pt/a Apr 2 pre Echelon 4SC 2.25 pt/a May 12 1-4 lf Echelon 0.3G fertilizer 375 lb/a May 12 1-4 lf MSMA 6 Plus 2.67 pt/a May 12 1-4 lf Echelon 4SC 2.25 pt/a May 25 1-2 till Echelon 0.3G fertilizer 375 lb/a May 25 1-2 till MSMA 6 Plus 2.67 pt/a May 25 1-2 till
PRE Weed Management Strategies Dimethenamid (Tower) Supplemental label expires Oct 1, 2014 for sod farm, commercial, recreational, home turf Poor crabgrass but excellent goosegrass control 21 to 32 fl oz/acre rate (do not exceed 64 fl oz/year) Tall fescue: do not exceed 21 fl oz/a, expect yellowing and stand reduction
Tower 1 qt/a Mar 8 and Apr 20 Photo Aug 2, 2010 Check
April - June Weed Management Options
Postemergence Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control in Fescue Acclaim Extra (fenoxaprop) Tenacity (mesotrione) Apply to seedling or early tillering plants for best chance for success (late Apr, May, early Jun) Bermuda homeowners: no herbicide available that will control both weeds at once
Acclaim Extra 0.57EC Annual Grass fl oz/a Comments 1 to 2 leaf 3.5 for multiple appls in bentgrass Untillered 9 for tank-mixing with Pre s Untillered 13 1 to 2 tiller 20 3 to 4 tiller 28 do not exceed 28 oz to Ky. bluegrass or zoysiagrass 4 to 5 tiller 39 do not exceed 39 oz to fescue (14 day sequential) or ryegrass species
Bleacher Syngenta Use on golf courses (not greens), sod farms, home lawns Tolerant to St. Augustine, centipede, tall and fine fescue, Ky. bluegrass and perennial ryegrass Rate: 4 to 8 fl oz/a twice 2 to 3 weeks apart; add NIS at 0.25% v/v for enhanced control Tankmix with Barricade 65WG for extended PRE control Safe to apply at seeding of tolerant grasses except for fine fescue If grasses already germinated, wait 4 weeks or until two mowings before application
Tenacity 8 fl oz/a Applied May 15 Check Jun 12, 2006
Post Crabgrass Control in Bermudagrass and / or Fescue Generally target Apr through Jun for application Drive XLR8 1.5SL, Onetime 2.45SL, Q4 1.54L and Quincept 1.875SL: crabgrass only, broadleaves Solitaire 75WG: crabgrass and 1-4 lf goosegrass, yellow nutsedge and kyllinga species, broadleaves All these products contain quinclorac Q4 and Quincept for fescue only
Rate: 0.5 gallon/a + 1.5 pt/a MSO for Drive XLR8 1.5SL (1 lb/a) + MSO for Drive 75DF Rate: 0.68 to 2 qt/a + MSO at 1.5 pt/a Quinclorac + MCPP + Dicamba Rate: 7 to 8 pt/a; Quinclorac + Sulfentrazone + 2,4-D amine + Dicamba Q4 1.54L Quincept 1.87SL Rate: 7 to 8 pt/a Quinclorac + 2,4-D amine + Dicamba Q4 Plus 1.79L; SquareOne 75WG, Solitare 75WG
Drive XLR8 + MSO 2 qt/a + 1.5 pt/a Applied Jun 2, 2010: Photo Jun 7, 2010
Post Goosegrass Control Only sulfentrazone (Dismiss 4F) 0.125 lb ai (4 oz) tall fescue 0.25 lb ai (8 oz) perennial bluegrass and warm season turf except bermuda and St. Augustine 0.375 lb ai (12 oz) bermuda and St. Augustine (Control in 1 to 4 leaf stage - small!)
Revolver 1.09 pt/a Applied May 26 Dismiss 12 fl oz/a Applied May 26
Dismiss 8 fl oz/a Applied May 26 Check Aug 18, 2010
Yellow Purple Kyllinga Nutsedge Nutsedge Species Basagran Great Poor Poor Image Poor Poor Great Dismiss Great Poor Great Katana Great Fair Great Dis South Great Good Great Sedgehammer Good Good Good-Great Certainty Great Great Great Monument Great Great Great Check individual labels most require multiple apps
Rates Needed for Nutsedge / Kyllinga Control Basagran 1 to 2 qt/a all grasses tolerant Image 0.7 lb/a berm, zoy, centipede, st. aug Dismiss 0.75 pt/a berm, zoy, centipede, st. aug Katana 3 oz/a bermuda, zoysia, centipede Dismiss South 14.4 fl oz/a bermuda, zoysia, centipede Sedgehammer 1.33 oz/a all grasses tolerant Certainty 1.25 oz/a berm, zoy, centipede, st. aug Monument 0.56 oz/a bermuda, zoysia
Purple Nutsedge Jun 30, 2009 (2 WAT) For nutsedge and kyllinga species control, initiate treatments in Apr, May or Jun (before tuber formation or rhizome maturity) when plants are young and actively growing. Reapply at appropriate intervals based on resprouting.
Kyllinga species Mat-forming, produces rhizomes (no tubers) Strong fragrance when crushed or mowed Green: seedheads appear throughout summer and fall False-green: seedheads appear all at once in late season False Green Kyllinga May 23, 2007
Monument + NIS 0.56 oz/a + 0.25% May 23, 2007 (4 WAT)
Warm Season Perennial and Summer Annual Broadleaf Weeds Virginia buttonweed (P) Spotted spurge (SA) Common lespedeza (SA) Prostrate knotweed (SA)
Warm Season Perennial and Summer Annual Broadleaf Weed Herbicides Select from same group of herbicides as was discussed for cool season perennial and winter annual broadleaf weeds Identify weeds so proper herbicide can be chosen