Aki Connections Community Based Land Use Planning Building Capabilities Before Capacity Dan l R. Duckert PhD Candidate Lakehead University CIF Conference SHARING THE FOREST Kenora, ON September 16 th, 2015
Kenora
What is Development?
FAR NORTH ACT Opening a mine Commercial timber harvest. Oil and gas exploration or production. Electrical generation Electrical transmission All weather transportation infrastructure Constructing or expanding any other infrastructure Any other land use or activity
Development is a Complex Story Resources Health Education Housing Food Security Justice Governance Culture World view Self determination Security http://www.ccl-cca.ca/pdfs/stateaboriginallearning/sal-finalreport_en.pdf
Development is a Complex Story Resources Health Education Housing Food Security Justice/Policing Governance Culture World view Self determination Security Questions: How can a First Nation develop so they can navigate through this complex story? Can community based land use planning help?
Objectives To re-think the Far North Act and community based land use planning if we thought of development as HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Human Development Providing the opportunities and freedoms that give people the capabilities to live a life they value. 1 1. Sen, A. 1999. Development as Freedom. Alfred A. Knopf Inc. publ. New York. NY. 366p.
Community Based Land Use Planning Far North Act Section 5 CBLUP objectives To Provide: A significant role for First Nations in the planning. The protection of areas of cultural value in the Far North and the protection of ecological systems in the Far North by including at least 225,000 square kilometres of the Far North in an interconnected network of protected areas designated in community based land use plans. The maintenance of biological diversity, ecological processes and ecological functions, including the storage and sequestration of carbon in the Far North. Enabling sustainable economic development that benefits the First Nations.
Why Share the Forest? nothing is more important... than their connection with their traditional lands and territories; nothing is more fundamental to their cultures, their identities and their economies. RCAP volume 2, pg 41. Economic Supporting Aboriginal peoples cultural revitalization and integrating Indigenous Social knowledge systems, oral histories, laws, protocols, and connections to the land into the reconciliation process are essential. Principle #8 of the Truth and Reconciliation Principles document (2015) Environment
Powers - mandowzit Gifts from the Creator Ability to do the unexpected for a purpose. The knowledge and will to survive that allows its possessor to build a strategy that is innovative and holistic - it meets the needs of the physical, mental, emotional and spiritual well-being of their people. Knowledge comes from, and feeds, Creation the continuous development and evolution of a worldview and cultural landscape.
Post Treaty History and the Erosion of Powers Early HBC outpost Signatory to Treat 5 (1910 adhesion) Deer Lake Band Permanent community for some members 1951 DEW line 1951 Geologic surveys and drilling (1951- present) Welfare system 1970 1977 Royal Commission on the Northern Environment opposition to mining 1985 Reserve Status Create boundary in 5 hours. 1988 operation treasure hunt 1996 - RCAP 2000 water, sewer and hydro 2001 Boil water advisory
Mapping: Control, Power and Voice The one who is in control of making maps controls the story of place. Governments put lines on maps to articulate boundaries of control and jurisdiction. Companies put lines on maps to claim resources and tenure. Those who are not making maps are at risk of becoming invisible on paper. Centre for Indigenous Environmental Resources, 2010. Good Practices Guide : Success in Building and Keeping an Aboriginal Mapping Program. Canadian geospatial data infrastructure Information product 11. GeoConnections Natural Resources Canada. http://ftp2.cits.rncan.gc.ca/pub/geott/ess_pubs/288/288859/cgdi_ip_11.pdf
The Planning Chasm Western conceptions of social, political and spatial boundaries were often missing from Indigenous conceptions, which were themselves often illegible to Europeans who were accustom to simpler boundary schemes and found the nuances and complexity of Indigenous relationships difficult to understand Cornell, S. 2012. Reconstituting Native Nations: Colonial Boundaries and Institutional Innovation in Canada, Australia and the United States, In. Reclaiming Indigenous Planning. Walker, R. Jojola, T. and D. Natcher (ed.). McGill-Queens University Press, Montreal and Kingston pp.35-59.
Aki Connections Function Adapt / innovate Agency Learn Share Relationships Capabilities Diversity and Responsibility Place and Space
Aki Connection Understanding the complexity of place Place Relationship Function
Community Based Land Use Planning Far North Act Section 5 CBLUP objectives A significant role for First Nations in the planning. Recognize and promote First Nations world views in the planning.
Community Based Land Use Planning Far North Act Section 5 CBLUP objectives The protection of areas of cultural value in the Far North and the protection of ecological systems in the Far North by including at least 225,000 square kilometres of the Far North in an interconnected network of protected areas designated in community based land use plans. Protect traditional cultural landscapes and social-ecological systems in the Far North.
Community Based Land Use Planning Far North Act Section 5 CBLUP objectives The maintenance of biological diversity, ecological processes and ecological functions, including the storage and sequestration of carbon in the Far North. The maintenance and promotion of diversity, social-ecological processes and the well-being of all entities in the Far North.
Community Based Land Use Planning Far North Act Section 5 CBLUP objectives Enabling sustainable economic development that benefits the First Nations. Enabling human development that allows all Treaty People to share the land respectfully and benefit from the gifts it has to offer in order to live a life they value.
What is Development? 1. Reconciliation of Relationships 2. Opportunities and Freedoms 3. Well-being
Miigwetch