STUDY GUIDE FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCE EXAM 1 2017 VOCABULARY: Branches of science Density Low mass star High mass star Manipulated variable Responding variable Claim Inference Precision Density Accuracy Spectroscopy Spectral lines Evidence Cosmic Background Radiation Fusion Fission Observation Phenomenon Fact Hypothesis Theory Law Nucleosynthesis Big Bang Sun spots 11-year sun cycle Solar Flares Redshift Blueshift Average Star Planetary Nebula White Dwarf Supernova Neutron Star Massive Star Nebula Red Giant Red Supergiant Black Hole Corona Core Convection Luminosity Absolute Brightness Main sequence stars Electromagnetic Radiation Wavelength 1. What is the difference between fusion and fission? 2. What are the three key pieces of evidence to support Big Bang? 3. What is Big Bang?
4. What are the different stages of a stars lifecycle? 5. What are the different types of stars? 6. How are stars classified? 7. How does energy from the sun originate? 8. In what form does energy from the sun reach Earth? 9. What are the different layers of the sun? 10. What is density?
11. What goes into writing a lab report? 12. What are the steps of the scientific process? 13. What is meant when someone says You are made of stars? 14. How do you find manipulated and responding variables by looking at a graph? 15. Which stars have higher mass? 16. Which stars burn brighter? 17. Which stars burn longer? 18. Why are spectral lines so important when looking at stars?
19. What types of elements are formed from each type of star in the life cycles of a massive star and an average star? 20. How was all matter created? Chapter 1: The Scientific Process 1. What are the different branches of science? Review Packet 2. What are the differences between qualitative and quantitative data? 3. What is physical science? 4. What are the differences between evidence and inference? 5. What are the steps of the scientific method?
6. What are variable? List all three and define each one 7. What variable do you find on the x-axis? What variable do you find on the y-axis? 8. What are: Claim, Evidence, and Reasoning? 9. Define phenomenon, hypothesis, fact, theory, and law. 10. Why do we use scientific notation? 11. What are the SI units? 12. Explain Density?
13. What is volume? 14. Converting units: a. Convert 1 km into meters: b. Convert 8848m into 1 km c. Convert the above answer back into km 15. Accuracy versus precision: a. 16. What is the purpose of a meniscus? 17. Where do you measure the meniscus for accuracy? 18. If an experiment fails what should a good scientist do?
19. If I have a box filled with sand and a box filled of marbles, the box of sand will have a higher density. This is either true or false. Explain your reasoning below. 20. What information goes into an introduction? 21. What is the last sentence of your introduction? How do you write it? 22. What should be mentioned in a title? STARS AND BIG BANG (CHAPTER 25) 1. What two processes keep the Sun stable for long periods of time? 2. What is convection? 3. Define fusion. How is it different from fission?
4. How does fusion relate to stars? 5. Where does fusion take place in stars? 6. What are solar flares? 7. What are sun spots? 8. What is the 11-year sunspot cycle? 9. How do stars form? 10. What are the two main sequence stars? 11. What does main sequence mean?
12. Explain the life cycle of an Average star. Define each star, explain the mass, tell me what elements are being produced, and draw/label a diagram. 13. Explain the life cycle of a Massive star. Define each star, explain the mass, tell me what elements are being produced, and draw/label a diagram.
14. What is nucleosynthesis? 15. What are the three pieces of evidence used to support the theory of Big Bang? 16. How are Redshift and Blue shift similar? How are they different? 17. Why are the stars redshifted but not red in color? 18. Why does Big Bang have the wrong name? 19. What is the difference between a planetary nebula and a stellar nebula? 20. What is the electromagnetic spectrum?
21. What is radiation? 22. Why does having a higher frequency mean it s more dangerous? 23. How can we look at spectral analysis and know how old a star is? 24. What is Cosmic Background Radiation? Why is it important? 25. What nuclear process powers the sun? 26. What is the process called that combines two hydrogen atoms into helium? 27. What is the name of the process where some of the mass of that hydrogen actually gets converted into energy?
28. Which layer of the Sun's interior is where the Sun's energy is created? 29. How are stars categorized? 30. Very hot stars are what color? Cold? Intermediate? 31. Spectroscopy is the study of what? 32. Why are spectral lines important when studying stars? 33. Where and how do stars produce energy?