Elements of Strategy on Modelling Activities in the area of Test Blanket Systems I. Ricapito, TBM & MD Project Team, ITER Department, F4E, Barcelona (Spain) Barcelona, Sept 17 th 2014 Information Day FPA-611 TBS simulation tools 1
CONTENT Short recall on the main breeder blanket functions Intro to Test Blanket Systems and their mission Some elements of modelling strategy in the F4E TBM Project 2
Before starting. Presentation of the TBM-Project Team TBMs and Materials Development Project Team Leader Y. Poitevin Admin. Assistant: B. Gomez Integration Engineering COO: M. Ferrari Safety & Licensing analyses TPO: D. Panayotov TBM Sets COO: M. Zmitko* TPO: J. Vallory TPO: J. Galabert TPO: Y. Carin PPO: L. Romano + QAO: C. Annino LSO: I. Costin. Ancillary Systems, Instrument., modelling tools COO: I. Ricapito** TPO: P. Calderoni TPO: D. Ugolini * TRO for the delivery of HCPB-TBS to IO ** TRO for the delivery of HCLL-TBS to IO 3
Breeding Blanket: Functions Functions of the Breeding Blanket /1 Blanket Shield Vacuum vessel Radiation Plasma Neutrons First Wall T breeding zone Coolant Magnets TOKAMAK: toroidal-radial view HCLL-DEMO reactor (2007, CEA) THREE ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS IMPLEMENTED BY THE BREEDING BLANKET A. Tritium breeding to achieve the tritium self-sufficiency B. Nuclear to thermal power conversion C. Neutron/γ-ray shielding 4
Breeding Blanket: Functions Functions of the Breeding Blanket /2 Function C: shielding Function A: tritium breeding Function B: power conversion Neutron flux radially has to decrease around 1 order of magnitude to protect VV and magnets In the plasma: T + D 4 He + n (17.6 MeV) Breeding blanket materials are heated-up because: a) Heat flux from plasma b) Nuclear heat generated by neutrons slowingdown and nuclear reactions with Li. The thermal power is then extracted by a suitable coolant and converted into electrical power through a conventional turbine-alternator group 5
Test Blanket Systems and their mission The TBM project provides test blankets to test and validate design concepts of tritium breeding blankets relevant to a power-producing reactor. HCLL-TBS HCPB-TBS ITER Project Requirements 6
Test Blanket Systems and their mission Fuelling Systems (FS) Tritium Extraction System (TES) Coolant Processing System (CPS) Cooling zone Breeder zone Storage & Delivery System (SDS) Isotope Separation System (ISS) Protium release Water Detritiation Systems (WDS) Tokamak Exhaust Processing (TEP) Detritiation Systems (DS) Accountancy System (AS) Pumping Systems (PS) Off-gas release Simplified block diagram with TES and CPS integrated in the main ITER fuel cycle 7
Test Blanket Systems and their mission The major overall testing objectives for each TBS shall be : validation of the structural integrity theoretical predictions under combined and relevant loads validation of the tritium breeding predictions validation of tritium recovery process efficiency validation of the T-inventories prediction in blanket materials validation of thermal predictions for strongly heterogeneous breeding blanket concepts with volumetric heat sources validation of blanket power removal predictions demonstration of the integral performance of the blankets systems Exploitation at maximum extent of the TBS experimental campaign in ITER requires a strong prediction capability developed in advance 8
SCOPE Developing Modelling Activities_1 Preliminarily foreseen modeling areas: Thermo-hydraulics, MHD, chemistry of Pb-16Li Tritium transport in solids, liquids, gases and interfaces Structural analysis of TBS components (including Pebble Beds thermo-mechanics) EM analysis of ferromagnetic structures Helium thermo-hydraulics Neutronics Depending on the stage of the project, modelling tools will be used in: - Correlative way for pre-validation against ad-hoc designed experimental tests - Predictive way to provide support to the TBS design /design of experiments in ITER - Correlative way during the ITER campaign, to extract relevant physical and engineering data - Predictive way to provide support to the design of DEMO BB 9
SCOPE Developing Modelling Activities_2 Final Objective is the production of an integrated model, to be exploited and validated during the different ITER operational phases Multi-physics Modelling Integration Test Program Instrumentation Development Modelling Integration will not be matter of this first phase of development nor of the FPA-611 10
Developing Modelling Activities_3 System Level (TBS) Hierarchy of the modelling layers will be compliant with the hierarchy of the elements in the systems to be modelled Sub-Systems Level (TBM, HCS, TES, PbLi-loop, T-Acc, etc.) Component Level (i.e. getter in TES, oxidizer in CPS, MSB in PSA configuration, etc.) Physics Modelling (i.e. transport through CB, permeation through steel pipe, etc) The System level tool consists of different Sub-system Tools Each Sub-system level tool consists of different Component Tools Each Component level tool contains one or more Physics Modelling sub-routines 11
Developing Modelling Activities_4 Preliminary Development Plan for Tritium Modelling Time Span Tritium Modeling Activities are currently the most advanced because of the implications for the conceptual design and preparation of the HCLL/HCPB- TBS Preliminary Safety Reports First Work Package: PHYSICS 1.1 Development of physics modelling subroutines 1.2 Implementation of physical parameter database through dedicated experiments on lab-scale level (separated effects) 1.3 Analysis of multiple effect impacting TT 2013-2017 Second Work Package: COMPONENTS and Sub-SYSTEMS 2.1 Development of component model tools 2.2 Development of sub-system model 2.3 Experiments on TBS main components (mainly multiple effects) 2015-2021 Third Work Package: INTEGRATION and Pre-VALIDATION 3.1 Integration of the component/sub-system tools into a unique system tool 3.2 Integrated experiments, also for multiple effects, before ITER for pre-validation 3.3 Integrated experiments during ITER H-H, H-He and D-D phases for pre-validation 2019-2023 Fourth Work Package: Validation against DT Experiments 12
Developing Modelling Activities_5 First TBS-related modelling activities have been carried out on EM (OPE-06-06-12 L1 TO12) and tritium modeling (GRT-254, GRT-542) have been carried out (successfully) in the last years at F4E n. 3 eight-hours shifts of back to back pulses, n. 3 values of Pb-16Li flow-rates Time evolution of the Maxwell, Lorentz and total forces for the HCLL TBM during MFD-II 13
Concluding Remarks I. Modelling strategy covering all duration of the TBM project is still preliminary and will be consolidated along the development f the Project II. Modelling integration is not in the scope of the first part of development III. Wide scope, covering (very) different areas, then requiring a large portfolio of technical skills IV. In the perimeter of Modelling there are also experimental activities for model/code validation V. Modelling Activities driven by TBS Project milestones, as they are in support of the TBS design and design of experiment 14