ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS ABSTRACTS A Publication of the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg Member of the Abstracting Board of the International Council of Scientific Unions Volume 21 Literature 1978, Part 1 Edited by S. Bohme U. Esser W. Fricke I. Heinrich D. Krahn L. D. Schmadel G. Zech Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH 1978
Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg Director: Professor Dr. Walter Fricke Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts Editors-in-Chief: Ute Esser, Dr. Lutz D. Schmadel Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts is prepared under the auspices of the International Astronomical Union ISBN 978-3-662-12315-7 ISBN 978-3-662-12313-3 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-12313-3 by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1978 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 72-104650. Originally published by Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg in 1978. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1 st edition 1978 2153/3130-543210
Preface Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts, which has appeared in semi-annual volumes since 1969, is devoted to the recording, summarizing and indexing of astronomical publications throughout the world. It is prepared under the auspices of the International Astronomical Union (according to a resolution adopted at the 14th General Assembly in 1970). Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts aims to present a comprehensive documentation of literature in all fields of astronomy and astrophysics. Every effort will be made to ensure that the average time interval between the date of receipt of the original literature and publication of the abstracts will not exceed eight months. This time interval is near to that achieved by monthly abstracting journals, compared to which our system of accumulating abstracts for about six months offers the advantage of greater convenience for the user. Volume 21 contains literature published in 1978 and received before August 10, 1978; some older literature which was received late and which is not recorded in earlier volumes is also included. We acknowledge with thanks contributions to this volume by Dr. J. BouSka, Prague, who surveyed journals and publications in Czech and supplied us with abstracts in English, and by Prof. P. Brosche, Bonn, who supplied us with literature concerning some border fields of astronomy. Dr. Wilfried Hofmann joined our staff in July 1978. His valuable contributions tothisvolumeare acknowledged. We express our warmest thanks again to Ms. Helga Dallmann, Ms. Monika Betz, Ms. Lore Kiefert, Ms. Dimitra Roussou, who typed the text of this volume on IBM 72 Composers and compiled the pages from abstract slips in a perfect form for offset reproduction. We are indebted to Ms. Elisabeth Feigenbutz for punching material for the author index and for the subject index, which fmally were printed with a TN chain on a 1403 IBM high-speed printer. Finally, we have to thank Mr. Gernot Klein and Mr. Werner Sanns who supported our task by careful proofreading. Heidelberg, September 1978 Siegfried Bohme Ute Esser Walter Fricke lnge Heinrich Dietlinde Krahn Lutz D. Schmadel Gert Zech
Contents Preface Introduction Abbreviations Periodicals, Proceedings, Books, Activities 00 I Periodicals......... 002 Bibliographical Publications, Catalogues, Atlases 003 Books.... 004 History of Astronomy, Chronology 005 Biography.. 006 Personal Notes.... 007 Obituaries....... 008 Observatories, Institutes. 009 Notes on Observatories, Planetaria, and Exhibitions 010 Societies, Associations, Organizations. 011 Reports on Colloquia, Congresses, Meetings, Symposia, and Expeditions. 012 Proceedings of Colloquia, Congresses, Meetings and Symposia... 013 Reports on Astronomy in Various Countries and Particular Fields, International Cooperation 014 Teaching in Astronomy. 015 Miscellanea.... Applied Mathematics, Physics 021 Mathematics, Computing............. 022 Physical Papers Related to Astronomy and Astrophysics Astronomical Instruments and Techniques 031 Astronomical Optics..... Methods of Observation and Reduction Data Processing, Automation. 032 Astronomical Instruments.... Space Instrumentation..... 033 Radio Telescopes and Equipment. 034 Astronomical Accessories (Spectrometers, Photometers, etc.). 035 Oocks and Frequency Standards, Sundials 036 Photographic Auxiliaries................ 3 7 31 36 43 45 46 47 49 63 64 68 69 73 74 76 79 82 90 93 100 102 105 110 113 117 118
VIII Contents Positional Astronomy, Celestial Mechanics 041 Positional Astronomy, Astrometry..... 119 042 Celestial Mechanics, Figure of Celestial Bodies 123 043 Astronomical Constants....... 133 044 Time, Rotation of the Earth....... 134 045 Latitude Determination, Polar Motion.... 136 046 Astronomical Geodesy, Satellite Geodesy, Navigation. 137 04 7 Ephemerides, Almanacs, Calendars........ 141 Space Research 051 Extraterrestrial Research, Spaceflight Related to Astronomy and Astrophysics............... 143 052 Astrodynamics and Navigation of Space Vehicles 145 053 Lunar and Planetary Probes and Satellites... 148 054 Artificial Earth Satellites.......... 149 055 Observations of Earth Satellites, Lunar and Planetary Probes 150 Theoretical Astrophysics 061 General Theoretical Problems of Astrophysics, Neutrino Astronomy, Infrared, X-Ray, Gamma-Ray Astronomy, Origin and Abundances of Elements 152 062 Hydrodynamics, Magnetohydrodynamics, Plasma.. 157 063 Radiative Transfer, Scattering...... 166 064 Stellar Atmospheres, Stellar Envelopes, Mass Loss. 171 065 Stellar Structure and Evolution..... 180 066 Neutron Stars, Relativistic Astrophysics, Background Radiation Gravitation Theory......... 187 Sun 071 Photosphere, Spectrum..... 072 Sunspots, Faculae, Activity Cycles 073 Chromosphere, Flares, Prominences 074 Corona, Solar Wind... 07 5 Solar Patrol...... 076 UV, X, Gamma Radiation. 077 Radio, Infrared Radiation. 078 Cosmic Radiation. 079 Solar Eclipses...... 080 Atmosphere, Figure, Internal Constitution, Neutrinos, Magnetic Fields, Rotation, Miscellanea....... 207 212 217 226 235 236 240 244 247 248
Contents IX Earth 081 Figure, Composition, and Gravity...... 082 Atmosphere Including Refraction, Scintillation, Extinction, Airglow, Site Testing. 083 Ionosphere.. 084 Aurorae... Magnetic Field Radiation Belts 085 Solar-Terrestrial Relations Planetary System 091 Physics of the Planetary System (Planetary Atmospheres, Figure, Interiors, Magnetic Fields, Rotation, etc.) 092 Mercury.... 093 Venus 094 Moon, Dynamics Moon, Global Properties Moon, Local Properties. 095 Lunar Eclipses 096 Lunar Occultations. 097 Mars... Mars Satellites. 098 Minor Planets. 099 Jupiter.... Jupiter Satellites. 100 Saturn..... Saturn Satellites. I 01 Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, Transplutonian Planets. I 02 Comets (Origin, Structure, Atmospheres, Dynamics) I 03 Comets: Listed Objects... I 04 Meteors, Meteor Streams........... I 05 Meteorites, Meteorite Craters.......... I 06 Interplanetary Matter, Interplanetary Magnetic Field, Zodiacal Light I 07 Cosmogony of the Planetary System............. Stars Ill Parallaxes, Distances............ 112 Proper Motions, Radial Velocities, Space Motions 113 Magnitudes, Colors, Photometry...... 114 Spectra, Temperatures, Chemical Composition Spectra of Individual Stars........ 115 Luminosities, Masses, Diameters, HR-Diagrams and Others 116 Magnetic Fields, Figure, Rotation, Radio Radiation... 254 260 268 275 278 286 287 289 295 297 301 303 307 312 312 313 322 325 330 334 337 340 341 344 347 352 355 362 368 372 373 375 382 389 396 398
X Contents 117 Binary and Multiple Stars, Planetary Companions, Theory 400 118 Visual Binaries and Multiple Stars... 407 119 Spectroscopic Binaries........ 409 120 Variable Stars: Ephemerides, Miscellanea. 411 121 Eclipsing Binaries.......... 412 122 Intrinsic Variables, Spectrum Variables, Flare Stars, Pulsation Theory. 420 123 Variable Stars: Lists of Observations 124 Novae.... 125 Supernovae, Supernova Remnants....... 126 Low-Luminosity Stars, Subdwarfs, White Dwarfs, Degenerate Stars 434 437 442 448 Interstellar Matter, Infrared Sources, Gaseous Nebulae, Planetary Nebulae 131 Interstellar Matter, Star Formation 132 H I, H II Regions......... 133 Infrared Sources. 134 Emission Nebulae, Reflection Nebulae. 135 Planetary Nebulae....... Radio Sources, Quasars, Pulsars, Extreme UV, X-Ray, Gamma-Ray Sources, Cosmic Radiation 141 Radio Sources, Quasars... Pulsars.......... 142 Extreme UV, X-Ray Sources. Gamma-Ray Sources 143 Cosmic Radiation..... Stellar Systems 151 Kinematics and Dynamics of Stellar Systems, Evolution of Galaxies 15 2 Stellar Associations. 153 Galactic Clusters.......... 154 Globular Clusters......... 155 Structure and Evolution of the Galaxy 156 Galactic Magnetic Field, Galactic Radio, Infrared Radiation. 15 7 Galactic Extreme UV, X, Gamma Radiation 15 8 Single and Multiple Galaxies. Peculiar Objects............ 159 Magellanic Clouds........... 160 Groups, Clusters of Galaxies, Superclusters. 161 Intergalactic Matter.......... 162 Structure and Evolution of the Universe, Cosmology Author Index. Subject Index. 452 472 478 483 487 494 513 518 535 538 543 553 554 558 562 567 569 571 592 594 597 606 608 621 715