Biology 213 Summer 2004 Midterm III Choose the most correct answer and mark it on the scantron sheet. (2 pts each) 1. Evolution is a. a change in allele frequency in a population b. occurred in the past but does not happen today c. a property of species d. progressive e. both a and d 2. When Darwin s finches came to the Galapagos Islands they were a small population, in genetic terms this would be called a. the bottleneck effect b. emigration c. natural selection d. the founder effect e. both a and c 3. 4. Which of the following is the ultimate source of variation for natural selection? a. gene flow b. mutation c. crossing over d. independent assortment e. non-random mating 5. Stabilizing selection occurs when a. the environment controls which organisms survive b. the middle part of the population does not survive c. the extremes of the population survive d. the mean of the population moves in one direction e. the extremes of the population are removed from the population 6. The use of DDT as an insecticide caused the development of resistance. This would be a form of a. stabilizing selection b. directional selection c. natural selection d. disruptive selection e. both b and c 7. Sexual dimorphism has arisen as a result of a. stabilizing selection b. directional selection c. sexual selection d. kin selection e. all of the above 8. Natural Selection a. involves differential survival b. involves differential reproduction
c. inheritance of traits d. genetic varability e. all of the above 9. Which of the following can result in allopatric speciation? a. a river forms between two populations b. a mountain range splits two populations c. the introduction of a new predator to the area d. the doubling of chromosomes (polyploidy) 10. A biological species is composed of a. populations that have the potential to interbreed and produce fertile offspring b. related organisms c. organisms in the same area d. a group of reproductive females e. none of the above 11. Which of the following can result in sympatric speciation? a. a river forms between two populations b. a mountain range splits two populations c. the introduction of a new predator to the area d. the doubling of chromosomes (polyploidy) 12. Which of the following are assumptions for a population to be at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? a. a large population b. no migration c. random mating d. no selection e. all are needed for HW equilibrium 13. Disruptive selection a. the environment controls which organisms survive b. the extremes of the population survive c. the middle part of the population does not survive d. the mean of the population moves in one direction e. the extremes of the population are removed from the population 14. Male northern sea lions are nearly twice the size of females because
a. males live longer than females b. predators eat more males than females c. males expend more energy than females d. males compete with other males to mate with females e. males display and sound more alarm calls than females 15. 16. 17. Adaptive radiation is usually preceded by a. climate change b. mass extinction c. convergence d. homology 18. Speciation occurs a. when mutations arise b. after populations become reproductively isolated c. when humans intervene and produce new breeds d. when natural selection moves a population towards a new mean e. none of the above 19. The sickle cell allele is an example of a. disruptive selection b. directional selection c. sexual selection d. a balanced polymorphism e. reproductive isolation 20. Macroevolution would explain the evolution of which taxonomic groups? a. species b. genera c. family d. order e. all but a 21. The fact that cats and humans are classified as mammals tells us that a. humans evolved from cats b. lions descended from cats c. both have mammary glands d. humans and cats purr e. cats and humans are not related 22. The largest extinction of families occurred when a. a meteorite hit the earth b. during the ice age c. after humans began hunting d. when the continents came together e. when the ozone layer was destroyed
23. The change in the striping pattern in two species of zebra is due to a. mutation b. a change in developmental timing c. gene duplication d. a longer gestation period e. warmer temperatures during gestation 24. Competition among males for females is the result of a. sexual selection b. stabilizing selection c. directional selection d. kin selection e. both b and d 25. In Senegal Africa, the individuals with the highest fitness a. have two normal hemoglobin alleles b. have two sickle cell hemoglobin alleles c. have one normal hemoglobin and one sickle cell hemoglobin allele d. die from malaria 26. An evolutionary species is based on a. comparative anatomy b. the fossil record c. reproductive isolation d. hybridization 27. When the finches' beak size on the Galapogos Islands increases with increasing seed size, this is an example of a. disruptive selection b. a balanced polymorphism c. sexual selection d. directional selection e. reproductive isolation 28. The decline of the sickle cell anemia allele in the African population that migrated to America is the result of a. a high rate of mutation b. the higher of fitness of the homozygous normal individual over the individual that carries both the normal and sickle cell allele c. the development of antibiotics d. gene flow e. a decline in Malaria in the United States 29. The half life of a radioactive isotope a. is the way to determine the age of fossil b. is variable depending on the environment c. is based 5000 years d. depends on the age of the rocks
30. The taxonomic group of Ruminants probably evolved by a. mutation b. gene duplication c. gene flow d. extinction e. all of the above Question 31-35 Use the following answers and mark the most correct answer on the scantron a. temporal isolation b. ecological individual c. mechanical incompatibility d. gametic individual e. hybrid sterility 31. mating occurs at different time of day 32. progeny of a mating are unable to reproduce 33. populations live in different environments 34. the egg and sperm do not recognize each other 35. the male and females cannot exchange gametes with one another